Zugl.: Trier, Univ., Diss.

No description available.

This dissertation argues that the writings of the contemporary Japanese writers Tawada Yoko and Shono Yoriko should be understood as literature that is commenting upon global processes and therefore categorized within the newly re-deployed category of "World Literature." In the first chapter I explore the political project of Shono Yoriko's fictional and polemical writings. Shono uses the bundan (literary establishment) as a platform for her critique of neo-liberal economic trends and launches a campaign that is both global in scope and kyoku-shi (hyper-personal) in tone. She counters universally applicable socio-economic trends with intensely personal myths and private vendettas against public intellectuals who deny the value of non-profit-grossing "serious" literature. In chapter two I perform a close reading of her 2004 novel Kompira as well as her busu mono (ugly tales). Kompira, I argue, is both a historical narrative of a particular kompira kami (deity) and the postulating of a system of resistance that involves hybridity and embodiment. While Tawada Yoko is most often identified as a border-crossing, multi-lingual writer who publishes in both German and Japanese, in chapter three I argue that this "identity" threatens to eclipse the ways in which she investigates the bodily reception of language. My claim is that Tawada's interstitial explorations pose translation and bodily coding as inherent to language acquisition in general and suggests that all words carry their own libidinal imprint. In chapter four I argue that Tawada mines bodily processes for her representational strategies. In Tawada's texts the unraveling of national and masculine aesthetics forms a critical part of decoding the body as a fixed and gendered entity. . When Tawada positions the male body as an object of tactile inquiry and explores the bodily-confusion-with-another inherent in the process of ovulation as a narrative drive, I see a re-working of corporeal and cognitive logics. This reworking, I contend, is not a conclusive "righting of wrongs" but an invitation to join in the ongoing process of articulating difference in a potentially post-national world.

No description available.

Zugl.: Paris, Univ. Denis Diderot und Osnabrück, Univ., Diss.

O presente trabalho visa a expor as principais questões envolvidas no processo de tradução parcial do livro Opium für Ovid: Ein Kopfkissenbuch von 22 Frauen (Ópio para Ovídio: um Livro do Travesseiro de 22 mulheres), de Yoko Tawada. Com vistas ao exercício de traduzir, esta dissertação deve ser entendida como um estudo preliminar sobre a escritora e sua obra escrita em alemão, uma língua estrangeira para ela, que escreve também em japonês. Num contexto de constante migração e, ao mesmo tempo, de negação do Outro e de xenofobia, entende-se como necessária a busca por uma experiência de alteridade. Nesse sentido, esta tradução comentada, do alemão para o português do Brasil, persegue o deslocamento do olhar para uma perspectiva e uma língua estrangeiras, de modo que o texto traduzido propicie uma experiência com o fremd. / This work presents the main issues involved in the partial translation process from German into Brazilian Portuguese of the book Opium für Ovid: Ein Kopfkissenbuch von 22 Frauen (Opium for Ovid: A Pillow Book of 22 Women), by Yoko Tawada. This dissertation should be understood as a preliminary study about the writer and her work written in German, a foreign language to her, who writes also in Japanese, her mother tongue. In a context of constant migration and a growing xenophobia, the experience of foreignness is considered here as necessary. By allowing the translated text to emphasize the displacement from perspectives, the goal of providing this experience with the foreign (fremd) can be achieved through the act of translating.

Yoko Tawada, écrivaine contemporaine d’expression japonaise et allemande, mène depuis trente ans une carrière qui connaît un succès critique considérable dans ses deux langues et pays d’écriture. Œuvre hybride à la croisée des genres, des langues, des cultures et des littératures, définie par une démarche autoréflexive et métalinguistique, c’est un sujet de choix pour la littérature comparée, avec laquelle elle partage des affinités fondamentales. Pourtant, elle n’est encore que peu étudiée par les comparatistes ; cette thèse se donne donc pour objet de combler en partie cette lacune. Au long d’un parcours à travers les champs de recherche et plusieurs problématiques de la littérature comparée, nous éclairons réciproquement le fonctionnement de l’écriture tawadienne et les enjeux comparatistes contemporains dans le but de démontrer l’intérêt d’un véritable dialogue entre la démarche critique et son objet. La première étape consiste à établir la pertinence et la nécessité d’une approche comparatiste. Ensuite, mimant le geste autoréflexif de l’écrivaine, nous analysons les rapports de la critique à l’œuvre littéraire afin de déterminer leurs apports mutuels. Puis nous étudions le traitement littéraire et épistémologique de la notion d’espace, et plus précisément celle de passage, centrales dans la poétique tawadienne comme dans la pratique comparatiste, avant de nous pencher sur l’Europe, espace géographique et culturel au cœur de la création chez Tawada et de la définition de la littérature comparée. Enfin, nous achevons ce parcours sur une réflexion dans les termes de Tawada sur la traduction littéraire et la littérature en traduction, nœud gordien du comparatisme. / Contemporary bilingual writer Yoko Tawada has received much critical acclaim for both her German and her Japanese literary work since 30 years now. Her hybrid writing between genres, languages, cultures and literatures, defined by a characteristic self reflexive and metalinguistic stance, is an ideal research topic for Comparative Literature. However, it has yet to be thoroughly studied by comparatists. In our thesis, we endeavour to fill part of this gap by connecting Tawada’s writing to comparative research fields and issues, in order for them to shed light on each other. Thus we aim to demonstrate what we can gain from a real dialogue between the researcher and its object of study. The first step will be to assess the meaningfulness and use of a comparative approach in the case of Tawada’s literature. Then, we will mimic the writer’s own self reflexive gesture in order to analyse the relationship between literary work and criticism and determine how they might benefit each other. Afterwards, we will study closely the epistemological and literary uses of space and passage, two crucial notions both for Comparatism and Tawada’s writing, before focusing on a more specific geographical and cultural space: that of Europe, which is also central to the writer’s literary journey as well as the very definition of Comparative Literature. Lastly, we will close with a study of Tawada’s thought-provoking take on the Gordian knot of Comparative Literature: literary translation and literature in translation.

O presente trabalho visa a expor as principais questões envolvidas no processo de tradução parcial do livro Opium für Ovid: Ein Kopfkissenbuch von 22 Frauen (Ópio para Ovídio: um Livro do Travesseiro de 22 mulheres), de Yoko Tawada. Com vistas ao exercício de traduzir, esta dissertação deve ser entendida como um estudo preliminar sobre a escritora e sua obra escrita em alemão, uma língua estrangeira para ela, que escreve também em japonês. Num contexto de constante migração e, ao mesmo tempo, de negação do Outro e de xenofobia, entende-se como necessária a busca por uma experiência de alteridade. Nesse sentido, esta tradução comentada, do alemão para o português do Brasil, persegue o deslocamento do olhar para uma perspectiva e uma língua estrangeiras, de modo que o texto traduzido propicie uma experiência com o fremd. / This work presents the main issues involved in the partial translation process from German into Brazilian Portuguese of the book Opium für Ovid: Ein Kopfkissenbuch von 22 Frauen (Opium for Ovid: A Pillow Book of 22 Women), by Yoko Tawada. This dissertation should be understood as a preliminary study about the writer and her work written in German, a foreign language to her, who writes also in Japanese, her mother tongue. In a context of constant migration and a growing xenophobia, the experience of foreignness is considered here as necessary. By allowing the translated text to emphasize the displacement from perspectives, the goal of providing this experience with the foreign (fremd) can be achieved through the act of translating.

O espaço em toda a sua complexidade de relações é o objeto central de estudo da Geografia. É também um aspecto de relevância nos estudos de textos literários, uma vez que praticamente todas as narrativas se passam em algum lugar, seja ele real ou fictício. Esta dissertação busca o diálogo entre a Literatura e a Geografia, por meio do estudo de dois textos literários da autora Yoko Tawada. Levando em consideração as mudanças no âmbito da mobilidade e da configuração do espaço mundial, analiso como esse processo emerge na Literatura atual, mais especificamente nos textos Onde a Europa começa (1991) e Às margens do Spree (2007), em que a autora Yoko Tawada desloca(liza) suas personagens em viagens entre o Oriente e o Ocidente. Para isso, debruço-me sobre cada narrativa individualmente, mas também as comparando, levando em consideração a passagem do tempo entre uma publicação e outra. Busco tecer uma análise interdisciplinar e intertextual. Dentre os teóricos cujo aporte se torna o fio condutor do trabalho, Ottmar Ette (2001) é responsável por ajudar na leitura da transarealidade do espaço, na interpretação das coreografias realizadas pelas personagens e na investigação de rotas e fluxos cristalizados na Geografia e na Literatura. Franco Moretti (2008) traz seu olhar “de longe” e sua coragem de aproximar comparatistas literários da cartografia e de evidenciá-la como uma ferramenta importante. O geógrafo Eric Dardel (1990), relacionando o Homem com o espaço ao seu redor. O geógrafo Edward Soja (1993), questionando de forma crítica o espaço atual. Todas essas vozes se complementam, ressaltando a potência dos textos estudados e permitindo novas aproximações. / This dissertation seeks the dialogue between Geography and Literature through the study of two literary texts of the author Yoko Tawada. Considering the changes in mobility and the configuration of the world space throughout History to the present day, I analyze how this process emerges in the current Literature, more specifically in the texts Where Europe Begins (1991) and At the Spree (2007), in which the author Yoko Tawada (dis)places her characters on trips between East and West. In order to do so, I focus on each narrative individually, but also comparing them, taking into account the passage of time between one publication and the other. Space, in all its complexity of relationships, is the central object of study of Geography. It is also a relevant aspect in the studies of literary texts, since almost all narratives happen somewhere, real or fictitious. The theoretical support comes from different areas of knowledge, resulting in an interdisciplinary and intertextual analysis. However, it is important to highlight the theorists whose contribution became the guiding thread of this research. Thus, Ottmar Ette (2001) is responsible for helping to read the transareality of space, the interpretation of the choreography performed by the characters, and the investigation of routes and crystallized flows in Geography and Literature. Franco Moretti (2008) brings his "from afar" perspective and his courage to approach literary comparatists of cartography and to evidence it as an important tool. The geographer Eric Dardel (1990), relating Man with the space around him. The geographer Edward Soja (1993), critically questioning the current space. All these voices complement each other, highlighting the power of the texts studied and allowing new approaches.

Yôko Tawada, autora japonesa que escreve em língua alemã, representa novos caminhos da chamada literatura transnacional, e junto com outros autores não nativos, reflete novas tendências na literatura de língua alemã contemporânea. Sua contribuição pode ser melhor entendida considerando-se o conceito de “exofonia”, uma abordagem mais formal que considera o escrever em língua estrangeira como uma estratégia inovadora para a criação literária. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral a tradução do romance Etüden im Schnee (TAWADA, 2014), de Yôko Tawada, utilizando o texto para análise e tradução da exofonia a fim de propor, assim, uma nova maneira de abordar o texto exofônico, isto é, a escrita em língua estrangeira. Para isso, apresento elementos biográficos e da obra da autora para criar um panorama de sua obra e de temas e características recorrentes nela, assim como a visão da autora sobre escrita e tradução. Em seguida, apresento e discutido de forma mais pormenorizada o conceito de exofonia, em oposição e consonância com outros termos utilizados para designar essas literaturas sem morada fixa (ETTE, 2005) em que a exofonia se insere. Busco enriquecer o debate ao introduzir a visão de Yôko Tawada sobre a exofonia, encontrada em seu livro Ekusophonii assim como, de forma geral, sua visão sobre a língua materna, língua estrangeira, e o pertencimento ou dominação de uma língua. Com isso, apresentamos uma visão de tradução exofônica levando em consideração os elementos levantados, e em consonância com a tradução cultural e teorias de tradução que levam em consideração o estilo assim como a voz do tradutor. O objetivo aqui, além de introduzir todas as informações apresentadas, é analisar a obra e sua tradução sob uma perspectiva exofônica, identificando elementos formais e temáticos desse fenômeno de ir para fora da língua materna. O romance Etüden im Schnee, mais recente da autora, apresenta três ursos polares narradores, migrantes, deslocados, que representam uma extrapolação do conceito da exofonia, ao considerar a visão do outro, do estranho, do diferente. No romance, podemos encontrar diversos elementos da exofonia tanto na temática quanto em sua forma, e aqui pretendemos conduzir a análise de tais aspectos considerando-se sua tradução para o português e as implicações que a exofonia tem no processo tradutório. / Yôko Tawada, a Japanese author who writes in German, has contributed to a modern phenomenon responsible for resetting the boundaries of the concept of national or international literature in German-speaking countries and literatures. Tawada has paved the way to other exophonic authors to be regarded and studied as such. Exophony, a fairly recent term, refers to the specific case of writers who step outside of their mother tongue, choosing a foreign language to write literature in. The term, however, resonates with wider attempts at defining this literature which, according to Ottmar Ette (2005), has no fixed abode, i.e., does not belong. This work aims at a) translating Yôko Tawada’s novel Etüden im Schnee (2014) into Brazilian Portuguese in order to help bring the author into Brazil’s literary polysystem, b) introducing Tawada’s work and themes present in her books as well as her vision on translation and writing processes, c) introducing exophony as a valid way to read literary texts written in a foreign language and d) analysing Etüden im Schnee and its translation into Portuguese with a basis on the exophonic themes and formal structures that can be observed within the text. Drawing upon Tawada’s critical oeuvre as well as biographical elements and a general take on her works and what constitutes a Tawadian text, alongside with a wider canvas of what exophony is as well as the author’s own view on exophony and the process of writing in a foreign language, we aim at analysing her latest novel Etüden im Schnee and its translation into Portuguese taking into account the process of cultural, stylistic and cognitive translation, as presented by Wright (2010, 2013) in order to propose an exophonic view of translation. In the novel Etüden im Schnee Tawada imagines the inside world of a polar bear’s mind by giving three generations of polar bears, The Grandmother, Toska and Knut, a chance to tell a story, a story about politics, languages, different worlds and species and what makes bears and humans alike. The aim here is to identify elements of exophony as well as themes and strategies present in the novel and its translation.