Genom att analysera två valda lärarhandledning har vi en förhoppning om att öka förståelsen för på vilket sätt lärarhandledningen kan ses som en resurs för att ge läraren support att utforma och genomföra matematikundervisning av hög kvalité. Undersökningen är en kvalitativ studie med syftet att undersöka vad lärarna upplever för stöd i en lärarhandledning och vilka begränsningar som läraren upplever vid användandet av den. forskningsfrågorna som ligger till grund för studien är följande: Vilket stöd upplever lärare att lärarhandledningen ger? Vilka begränsningar upplevs av lärarna vid användandet av en lärarhandledning? För att kunna besvara de här forskningsfrågorna valdes semistrukturerade intervjuer med lärare som undervisade i läromedlen Favorit matematik eller Rik matematik.  Intervjuerna genomfördes på olika skolor samt genom en telefonintervju i mellersta Sverige med sex lärare i grundskolans tidigare år 1-3. Studien förhåller sig till två teoretiska ramverk: Davis och Krajcik (2005) och Brown (2009).  Resultatet visade att lärarna utnyttjar lärarhandledningens olika delar på olika sätt i sin matematikundervisning. Antingen ses det som ett recept, verktygslåda där olika delar utnyttjas eller ses som en inspirationskälla där läraren improviserar utan att låta läromedlet styra undervisningen. Begränsningar som framkom av studiens resultat var bland annat att respondenterna upplevde lärarhandledningarna som stressande om materialet följs som ett recept. / By analyzing two chosen teacher tutorials, we hope to increase understanding of how the teacher guides can be seen as a resource to provide the teacher with the support of designing and implementing high quality mathematics education. The study is a qualitative study aimed at investigating what kind of support teachers experience in a teacher's guide and what constraints the teacher experiences when using it. The research questions underlying the study are as follows: What support do teachers experience from the teacher's guide? What constraints are experienced by the teachers in the use of a teacher's guide? In order to answer these research questions, semi structured interviews were chosen with teachers who used the teaching materials Favorit Matematik or Rik Matematik. Interviews were conducted at different schools and through a telephone interview in central Sweden with six teachers in primary school's earlier years 1-3. The study relates to two theoretical frameworks: Davis and Krajcik (2005) and Brown (2009). The result showed that teachers utilize the different parts of the teacher guides in different ways in their mathematics teaching. Either it is seen as a recipe, a toolbox where different parts are utilized or viewed as an inspiration source where the teacher improvises without letting the teaching device control the teaching. Restrictions found by the result of the study were, among other things, that the respondents experienced the teacher guides as stressful if the material is followed as a prescription.

Research has shown that the mathematics textbooks are the most widely used in Swedish schools, compared to textbooks in other subjects. At the same time, studies have shown that the content of the textbooks do not fulfil the goals presented in the national education steering documents regarding problem solving in math. The purpose of this study is to analyze textbooks and corresponding teacher’s guide in mathematics for the second grade. Starting from a didactic perspective as an approach to problem solving in order to analyze the teaching material, I decided to use the analytical model constructed by Ann Kristin Larsen. In order to conduct the study, the following questions have been used in this study: In what way the problem solving has been presented in the textbooks? Which problem solving strategies are presented in respective teaching material based on didactic perspective? What types of problem solving tasks are presented in respective teaching material?  In what way the concept problem solving is presented in the teacher’s guide? In conclusion, the result of the study shows that there are both similarities and differences between the two instructional materials that have been studied in the way they presented problem solving. The study shows that the teaching material is not compatible with Charles and Lester’s (1982) criteria. As for the teacher's guide and the support it provides, the investigation shows that different textbooks give different support and guidance to teachers.

Digitaliseringen har förändrat skolmiljön och skapat både nya utmaningar och möjligheter Det här examensarbetet, genomfört i samarbete med K-ULF projektet, syftar till att utveckla en pedagogisk lektionsplanering med tillhörande lärar- och elevhandledning som kombinerar teori och praktiska övningar. Målet är att stödja lärare i programmeringsundervisningen och främja elevernas lärande i en sociokulturell miljö. Bedömningen av elevernas förståelse genomfördes med hjälp av Blooms taxonomi, som utgår från det kognitivistiska perspektivet. Lärarhandledningen utformades baserat på tidigare forskningsresultat och input från en tekniklärare. Den omfattade tydliga syften och lärandemål enligt ämnesplanen för Teknik i gymnasiet, lektionsupplägg, lektionsinnehåll samt eventuella förberedelser för läraren. Därefter genomgick handledningen tre iterationer baserade på protokoll, deltagande observationer, diskussioner med läraren och insamlade elevsvar. Författarna testade handledningen genom att använda den i sin egen undervisning. Resultatet visade att handledningen fungerade som ett användbart verktyg för lärare som ville introducera programmering i sin undervisning. Den kunde anpassas efter klassens kunskapsnivå och lärarens egna erfarenheter. Undervisningen ägde rum i en sociokulturell klassrumsmiljö där eleverna arbetade både individuellt och i par. De insamlade elevsvaren visade att elevernas förståelse nådde upp till nivå sex enligt Blooms taxonomi när de arbetade i grupp, vilket innebar att de kunde skapa nya program och lösningar. Dock hamnade deras individuella förståelse upp till nivå fem, där de kunde bygga upp kunskap från minnesnivå till förståelse och tillämpning. Användningen av Blooms taxonomi för att bedöma elevernas förståelsenivå i en sociokulturell kontext visade sig vara en framgångsrik metod. De olika perspektiven på lärandet samverkade på ett effektivt sätt. / Digitalization has revolutionized the educational landscape, bringing forth new challenges and opportunities within schools. This master’s thesis, conducted in collaboration with the K-ULF project, aims to develop a pedagogical educational curriculum material that combines theory and practical exercises for teachers and students. The material focuses on programming instruction and fostering student learning within a sociocultural environment. To assess students’ understanding, Bloom’s taxonomy, rooted in the cognitivist perspective, was employed. The teacher guide was designed based on prior research findings and insights from a technology teacher. It encompasses clear objectives, learning goals aligned with the secondary school technology curriculum, lesson plans, lesson content, and necessary teacher preparations. The guide underwent three iterations, incorporating protocols, participant observations, discussions with the teacher and collected student solutions. To evaluate the effectiveness of the teacher guide, the authors utilized it in their own teaching. The results demonstrated that the guide served as a valuable resource for teachers seeking to incorporate programming into their instruction. It could be tailored to accommodate the student’s knowledge level and the teacher’s experience. The teaching took place in a sociocultural environment, where students engaged in both individual and collaborative work. Analysis of student solutions indicated that group work led to a higher level of understanding, reaching level six of Bloom’s taxonomy, enabling students to create new programs and devise solutions. However, individual understanding reached level five, characterized by the ability to evaluate. The use of Bloom’s taxonomy as an assessment tool within a sociocultural context proved successful, effectively integrating diverse perspectives on learning.

L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è guidare il docente attraverso la letteratura esistente, gli strumenti già in uso e si propone di fornire una modellizzazione per la pratica didattica delle lingue straniere ad alunni sordi. Nel primo e nel secondo capitolo si raccolgono, analizzano e definiscono le basi teoriche di riferimento per la didattica delle lingue a soggetti sordi. Nello specifico, si definiscono il quadro della glottodidattica speciale, i principi di bisogno speciale e specifico e le linee guida per la didattica in contesti di disabilità, procedendo con l’inclusione della sordità tra le esigenze a cui riferirsi con tali strumenti. Il terzo e il quarto capitolo rappresentano l’applicazione concreta dei modelli esposti con l’applicazione del modello SOMA al mondo della sordità e la costruzione del Profilo Glottomatetico Funzionale dell’alunno sordo. Nell’ultimo capitolo si presenta la proposta operativa di didattica dell’inglese ai sordi, partendo dall’analisi e la scelta dei materiali più accessibili, passando per la progettazione fino ad arrivare alla strutturazione specifica del lavoro di classe. / This work aims to guide the foreign language teacher trough the literature on special education needs and deafness, the available tools, and the modeling for everyday practice to encourage the inclusion of deaf students until now considered not teachable. In the first and second chapters, the theoretical approaches to deaf students learning are presented in the contexts of special language teaching, special education, and disabilities. The third and fourth chapters represent the application of those principles to include deaf students in the language classroom activities following the operational models usually used for different learning disabilities. The last chapter offers the concrete model that may guide teachers from their deaf students' needs analysis and the correct material choice for them, passing through the learning project management to get to the specific class lessons, in collaboration with support staff members.