The thesis offers a brief review of Czech massmedia market situation. The work particulary focuses on marketing communication of companies providing voice, data, or Internet connection services. According to international NACE CZ/EU standart: Voice services, data transmission and Internet connection services - The scope of the research does not include only the largest providers, but whole business category with smaller and local providers too. Therefore, it is possible to observe quite common situations, when some small local company penetrates the particular massmedia market, usually ruled by large monopolistic companies. Thus, the small companies can influent the market and the research rapidly. The thesis includes marketing campaigns implemented in TV broadcast, press, radio and Internet.

There is a general agreement that human activities have a significant impact on environmentalsustainability, which leads to global warming and climate change. However, not much researchhas been done on how telecommunications firms in developing countries deal with environmentalrisks. This study aims to explore the specific strategies that these companies use to integratesustainable practices into their daily operations, as well as the challenges and opportunities theyencounter. Through interviews and a review of existing literature on environmental sustainability,this research shows that companies use various methods, such as intangible measures, formalsystems, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), industry benchmarks, and environment-centric tools,to promote sustainability. However, these companies also encounter obstacles like ensuring dataaccuracy and integrity, coordinating across departments, streamlining data collection, andinvolving stakeholders. Overall, adopting sustainable practices benefits both the companies andthe environment. This study is relevant to those interested in environmentally friendly operations,telecommunications management, prospective researchers, and society as a whole. Moreinvestigation is needed to understand environmental sustainability better.

Kundbortfall är en utmaning vilket flertalet organisationer står inför. Tidigare studier påvisar att digital marknadsföring kan vara en lösning för att minska kundbortfall, detta på grund av att digital marknadsföring kan bidra till ökad kundnöjdhet vilket i sin tur leder till kundlojalitet. Denna lojalitet gör att kunden stannar hos organisationen trots att de får erbjudanden från konkurrenter. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att undersöka hur och varför digital marknadsföring nyttjas för att hämma kundbortfall inom telekommunikationsbolag. Valet av bransch och avgränsning baseras på att telekommunikationsbranschen påverkas kraftigt av kundbortfall. Detta på grund av den hårda konkurrensen samt att marknaden inom branschen är mättad. Leverantörer och konkurrenter erbjuder liknande produkter och tjänster vilket är en bidragande faktorer för kundbortfall inom telekommunikationsbranschen. Uppsatsens slutsats utformas från en analys av insamlad empiri från semistrukturerade intervjuer som analyseras med stöd av teoretiskt referensram, tidigare forskning samt bakgrund till ämnet. Resultatet tydliggör vikten av digital marknadsföring i kommunikationen för att möjliggöra lönsamhet i form av kundnöjdhet. Resultatet tydliggör även hur digital marknadsföring nyttjas i syfte att förstå kundbeteende samt ge stöd i utformningen av recovery strategies. / Organisations are facing a crucial challenge in terms of customer churn. Previous studies show that digital marketing can be a solution to reduce customer churn. This is because digital marketing can contribute to increased customer satisfaction, which in turn leads to customer loyalty. This loyalty makes the customer stay with the organisation despite receiving offers from competitors. The purpose of this qualitative research is to investigate how and why digital marketing is used to inhibit customer churn in telecommunications companies. The choice of industry and demarcation is based on the fact that the telecommunications industry is heavily affected by customer churn. This is due to the fierce competitive environment and the saturation of the market within the industry. Suppliers and competitors offer similar products and services, which is a contributing factor to customer churn in the telecommunications industry. The conclusion of this paper is formulated from an analysis of collected empirical data from semi-structured interviews which are analysed with the support of theoretical framework, previous research and background to the topic. The findings clarify the importance of digital marketing in communication to enable profitability through customer satisfaction. The study also clarifies how digital marketing is used to understand customer behaviour and to support the development of recovery strategies.

Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In vandag se besigheidswêreld bestaan twee teenoorgestelde pole. Aan die een kant is die wêreld se gevorderde markte wat reeds so oorbevolk geraak het, dat dubbelsyfergroei ‘n skaars verskynsel is. Ten spyte hiervan word aanhoudende druk geplaas op senior bestuur om hulle besighede te groei teen koerse wat ‘n toename in aandeelhouersbelang sal verseker. Aan die ander kant is twee derdes van die wêreld se bevolking (4 Miljard mense), die sogenaamde basis van die ekonomiese piramiede (BVP), wat in armoede lewe en afgeskeep word in terme van noodsaaklike goedere en dienste, om nie eens te praat van weelde artikels nie. In dié markte is dubbelsyfergroei nog behaalbaar en in meeste gevalle is die enigste kompetisie die gevaar dat produkte nie verbruik word nie. Dié navorsing kyk na hoe dié twee pole geïntegreer kan word sodat beide daaruit kan voordeel trek. Besighede kan volhoubare vlakke van groei bewerkstellig deur ewe veel aandag te skenk aan volhoubare innovasies as ontwrigtende innovasies. Die klem wat gemaak word in dié navorsingsverlsag is dat besighede dit nie kan bekostig om net op volhoubare innovasies te fokus nie. Hulle moet ook in ontwrigtende innovasie strategieë belê. Die innovasie teorieë bepaal dat opkomende markte die beste plek is om ontwrigtende innovasies te ontwikkel. Verskeie multi-nasionale maatskappye het al egter misluk om die belowende massa-markte binne opkomende markte te penetreer. Die rede is dat baie van hul globale strategieë mik na die ontwikkelde marksegmente binne-in daardie ontwikkelende markte en nie op die massa-markte aan die BVP nie. Om tegnologieë te ontwikkel vir die BVP verg plaaslike strategieë en, onder andere, ‘n kwantum sprong in die prys-werkverrigting verhouding. In baie gevalle kan dit ‘n daling in prys wees met soveel as ‘n faktor van tien. Indien suksesvol, bestaan die moontlik dan om dié tegnologieë terug te vat om gevorderde markte te ontwrig. Daar is egter ook ‘n humanitêre sy van die saak. Elke jaar is armoede indirek verantwoordelik vir miljoene sterftes in Afrika en baie oorlewendes leef in haglike omstandighede sonder noodsaaklike goedere en dienste, terwyl hulle uitgebuit word deur ‘n paar informele besighede. Die BVP bied aan die gevorderde ekonomieë van die wêreld nie net die geleentheid om baie geld te maak nie, maar ook die geleentheid om op só ‘n manier besigheid te doen dat dit arm mense kan help om ‘n inkomste te verdien of selfs inkomste te genereer. Dit kan op baie verskillende maniere help om dié mense te lig vanuit armoede. Dit wil voorkom asof besigheid en die moontlikheid om welvaart te skep die mees effektiewe manier is om die BVP te lig vanuit armoede. Die BVP het egter die kennis, verantwoordelike besigheids-sin en die onderhandelingskrag van multi-nasionale besighede nodig om te verseker dat besigheid in dié markte op ‘n verantwoordlike, volhoubare manier geskied. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In today’s world of business two opposite poles exist. On the one end is the world’s developed economy that has become saturated to such an extent that double digit growth has become a scarcity. However despite this fact continuous pressure is being placed on managers to grow their companies at a rate that will ensure an increase in shareholder value. On the other end are two thirds of the world’s population (4 billion people), the base of the economic pyramid (BOP) that is desperately poor and underserved in terms of basic needs, let alone luxury items. Double digit growth is achievable in these markets with the only competition being non-consumption in many cases. This research looks at how these two poles can be integrated into a mutually beneficial relationship. Companies could ensure sustaining levels of growth if there is an equal focus on sustainable as well as disruptive innovations. The case made in this research report is that companies cannot afford to focus on sustainable innovations alone, but need to invest in disruptive innovations as well. The innovation theories hold that the best place to test and develop disruptive innovations is in emerging markets. However too many multinational corporations (MNCs) have failed to access the illusive mass markets within emerging economies. It seems that their strategies were focussed on the developed segments within those emerging markets and not on the masses that constitute the BOP. Developing technologies for the BOP requires a local strategy and, amongst other things, a quantum leap in the price-performance ratio - in many cases a typical reduction in price by a factor of ten. The possibility then exists to take these solutions back to disrupt developed markets. There is a human aspect to this scenario as well. Poverty has indirectly been a cause of millions of people dying in Africa every year and many survivors live in poor conditions without basic services and being exploited by few informal businesses. The BOP offers an opportunity for the developed economies, not only to make a lot of money, but also to innovate their products and business models to empower poor people to start earning and generating income. This will in many ways help them to rise from poverty. It seems that growing business and generating wealth might be the most efficient vehicle to help lift the BOP from poverty. However, the BOP needs MNCs to bring their power and knowledge to these markets to ensure that it is done responsibly and in a sustainable manner.

The value of data is growing to an increasing extent. The increased amount of available data has enabled business intelligence to take great strides in development. Organizations use data in order to enhance parts or entire operations within the organization. Business intelligence supports organizations in the management of data and mainly to create decision support. However, business intelligence is a broad topic which can be affected by factors such as Big Data or Cloud computing and can be applied in different ways. Previous studies shows that only a few organizations have succeeded in increasing profitability after implementation of business intelligence. This study therefore aims to create a deeper understanding of how business intelligence is used within a telecommunications company to create decision support connected to enhancing business processes. The choice of industry and organization in this study is based on the fact that the industry is one of the most data-intensive industries. The thesis relates to previous research and theories. The previous research is used in order to understand the challenges as well as the benefits and future potential of the subject. The theories are used to understand various key factors such as information systems or the combination of business intelligence and Business Process Management.  The result of the essay is created from semi-structured interviews with respondents who work within a telecommunications company and contribute to confirming the theory and answering the questions. / Värdet av data växer i allt större utsträckning. Den ökade mängden tillgänglig data har möjliggjort för Business intelligence att ta stora kliv i utvecklingen. Organisationer nyttjar data i syfte att effektivisera delar av eller hela verksamheter. Business intelligence stödjer organisationer i hanteringen av data och för att skapa beslutsstöd. Business intelligence är dock ett brett ämne vilket kan påverkas av faktorer såsom Big Data eller Cloud computing (molntjänster) och kan tillämpas på olika sätt. Tidigare studier visar att endast ett fåtal organisationer har lyckats öka lönsamheten efter implementeringen av business intelligence. Denna studie syftar till att skapa en djupare förståelse kring hur business intelligence används inom ett telekommunikationsbolag för att skapa beslutsstöd kopplat till effektivisering av affärsprocesser. Valet av bransch och organisation baseras på att branschen är en av de mest dataintensiva branscherna. Uppsatsen förhåller sig till tidigare forskning och teorier. Den tidigare forskningen används i syfte att förstå utmaningar samt fördelar och framtida potential för ämnet. Teorierna används för att förstå olika nyckelfaktorer såsom informationssystem eller kombinationen av business intelligence och Business Process Management. Resultatet i uppsatsen är skapat från semistrukturerade intervjuer med personer vilka arbetar inom ett telekommunikationsbolag och bidrar med att bekräfta teorin samt besvara frågeställningen.

In the late 1980s, governments in New Zealand and Australia began to deregulate their telecommunications markets. This process included the corporatisation and privatisation of former state owned telecommunications monopolies and the introduction of competition. The Telecom Corporation of New Zealand (TCNZ) was corporatised in 1987 and privatised in 1990. Its Australian counterpart, Telstra, was corporatised in 1989 and partially privatised in 1997. This thesis examines and compares TCNZ and Telstra's changing organisational and workforce restructuring strategies, as they responded to these changes. It further examines how these strategies influenced the firms' employment relations (ER) policies. Strategic human resource management (SHRM) and transaction costs economics (TCE) theories assist in this analyse. TCE links organisational restructuring to the make/buy decisions of firms and the asset-specificity of their employees. It suggests that firms will retain workers that have developed a high degree of firm-specific skills, and outsource more generic and semi-skilled work. Firm strategies are also influenced by national, contextual, factors. From a TCE perspective, these external factors alter relative transaction costs. Hence, different ownership structures, ER legislation and union power help to explain differences in TCNZ and Telstra's organisational restructuring and ER strategies. During the decade from 1990 to 2000, TCNZ and Telstra cut labour costs through large-scale downsizing programs. Job cuts were supported by outsourcing, work intensification and the introduction of new technologies. These initial downsizing programs were carried out through voluntary redundancies, across most sections of the firms. In many instances workers simply self-selected themselves for redundancies. TCNZ and Telstra's downsizing strategies then became more strategic, as they targeted generic and semi-skilled work for outsourcing. These strategies accorded with a TCE analysis. But TCNZ and Telstra engaged in other practices that did not accord with a TCE analysis. For example, both firms outsourced higher skilled technical work. TCNZ and Telstra's continued market domination and the emphasis that modern markets place on short term profits, provided possible reasons for these latter strategies. This thesis suggests, therefore, that while TCE may help to predict broad trends in 'rational organisations', it may be less effective in predicting the behaviour of more politically and ideologically driven organisations aiming for short term profit maximisation. Some TCNZ and Telstra workers were shifted to subsidiaries and strategic alliances, which now assumed responsibility for work that had previously been performed in-house. Many of these external firms re-employed these workers under more 'flexible' employment conditions. TCNZ and Telstra shifted to more unitarist ER strategies with their core workers and reduced union influence in the workplace. Unions at Telstra were relatively more successful in retaining members than their counterparts at TCNZ. By 2002, TCNZ and Telstra had changed from stand-alone public sector organisations, into 'leaner' commercially driven firms, linked to subsidiaries, subcontractors and strategic alliances.