TITLE: Legal Acts Aimed at the Termination of Employment SUMMARY: The reason why I choose for my thesis the theme Legal Acts Aimed at the Termination of Employment is that I think that this theme is very topic and important. I suppose that almost everybody has experience with termination of employment but not everybody knows the effective legal regulation. The purpose and goal of my thesis is to summarize the effective legal regulation of legal acts aimed at the termination of employment regarding to substantial changes which contains the amendment of Labour Code No. 365/2011 Coll., and to point to various problems and disputed questions which might arise in the practice of law. In the conclusion I try to evaluate the effective legal regulation of legal acts at the termination of employment and to propose some possible changes of this legal regulation. The thesis is consists of seven chapters, introductory and conclusion. Most of them dealing with different types of legal acts aimed at the termination of employment. I pay attention to legal regulation of the delivering of these legal acts and to problems of legal claims concerning the invalid termination of employment as well. In the introductory I would like to explain why I chose as a theme of my thesis Legal Acts Aimed at the Termination of Employment. I...

Claims arising from invalid termination of employment Abstract The aim of this Master thesis is to analyse legislation concerning the invalid employment termination, to distinguish the invalid employment termination from putative employment termination established by Act No. 89/2012 Coll., Civil Code, as amended, and especially to summarize the legislation and case law concerning claims arising from invalid employment termination. The introductory chapter contains the aims of this thesis and represents the reasons why I think this topic is still relevant. Chapter two explains the employment briefly. Chapter three provides the brief introduction to employment termination and individual subchapters present the essentials of individual types of employment termination. Chapter four analyses invalid employment termination, and relation between the Civil Code and Labour Code and defines conditions necessary to qualify the employment termination as the act. Subchapter two analyses putative employment termination and its results in employment termination field. Subchapter three concerns the invalid employment termination, distinguishes between the void termination and voidable termination and represents its grounds. Chapter five summarizes selected aspects of court proceeding. Particular subchapters therefore...

La rupture du contrat de travail se caractérise en général par la volonté unilatérale d’une partie et ce n’est que par une construction jurisprudentielle issue du droit des contrats en application de l’article 1134 du Code civil que la rupture d’un commun accord a été rendue possible. Elle ne doit pas être confondue avec une transaction et ne poursuit pas les mêmes objectifs. Elle connu néanmoins un succès très restreint et fût mise à l’écart par le droit du travail. Ce mode de rupture amiable n’a connu sa consécration qu’avec la loi du 25 juin 2008 créant la rupture conventionnelle. Elle a été influencée par la jurisprudence relative à la rupture d’un commun accord classique pour finalement s’en éloigner définitivement et suivre son propre chemin. On a donc pu apprécier l’incidence que chacune des formes de rupture a pu avoir sur l’autre. Les litiges entre les parties, ainsi que les restrictions liées à l’état de santé du salarié ne font désormais plus obstacle à la conclusion d’une rupture conventionnelle, privilégiant ainsi la volonté des parties au détriment de la protection du salarié. Cette réforme a de plus créé une dualité entre ces deux régimes ; mais le juge a rapidement affirmé l’exclusivité de la rupture conventionnelle en ce qui concerne le contrat à durée indéterminée. Toutefois cette dualité persiste encore dans de nombreux domaines. Il semblait donc intéressant d’étudier les pistes destinées à améliorer encore ce mode de rupture amiable en essayant de concilier la fluidité et la sérénité des relations de travail / The termination of an employment contract is generally characterised by one party’s unilateral intention to terminate and the possibility to terminate by mutual agreement has only been construed by case law on the basis of article 1134 of the civil code. Such termination by mutual agreement is not to be confused with a transaction and does not pursue the same objectives. This construction has however not encountered much success and has been sidelined by labour law practitioners. The amicable termination of employment contracts has not been truly sanctioned until the law of 25 June 2008 that created the contractual termination. The contractual termination has been influenced by the case law that construed the termination by mutual agreement, but it ultimately moved away for good and followed its own path. It was thus possible to analyse the impact each kind of amicable termination had on its alternative. Legal proceedings between the parties and restrictions in connection with the health of the employee do not prevent a contractual termination, thereby privileging the autonomy of the parties over the protection of the employee. In the beginning there was a rivalry between the two kinds of termination, but case law has quickly established the exclusivity of the contractual termination for permanent employment contracts. However the duality remains in numerous other domains. It seemed thus interesting to study the possibilities that may improve the existing alternatives of amicable termination and reconcile fluidity and serenity in the employer-employee relationship

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / Range Safety Systems are used for destruction of a vehicle should a malfunction cause the vehicle to veer off course. All vehicles launched into space require implementation of a Range Safety System. For years the IRIG receivers have been used with relatively good success. Unfortunately, the IRIG receivers do not provide a high level of security. High alphabet receivers were later developed for use on the big launchers (Atlas, Delta, Titan, etc) and the manned missions (Shuttle) to provide added security. With the IRIG based system, several problems have occurred resulting in the loss millions of dollars worth of equipment. Due to the problems that have occurred it has become apparent that there is a need for a more secure, low cost, type of range safety receiver. This paper describes the design and development of the prototype EFTS system. Mission critical parameters are discussed including selection of the encryption and forward error correction algorithms. Actual measured performance including message error rate characteristic is presented.

ITC/USA 2010 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Sixth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 25-28, 2010 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California / Development is currently underway to produce a dual redundant Flight Termination System (FTS) capable Missile Telemetry Section. This FTS will mainly consist of a conformal wraparound antenna, two flight termination safe & arm (FTS&A) devices, two flight termination receivers (FTR), two explosive foil initiators (EFI) and destruct charge. This paper will discuss the current status of the development of these FTS components along with the process of obtaining the Flight Certification from Range and System Safety to fly this newly outfitted missile on a governmental test range.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / This paper proposes a modification of the high alphabet method of data transmission over an RF carrier. The system maps eleven characters into three tones. The three tones are Frequency Modulated onto an RF carrier. The 165 unique characters can be utilized for data transmission. The advantages of this system are: 1. Longer duration data words which have narrow bandwidth yielding a high signal to noise ratio. 2. Digital Signal Processing can be utilized to reconstruct characters from the tri-tone encoding. 3. The system will be less susceptible to external interference than normal Frequency Shift Keying system. The majority of the three tone burst would have to masked in order to loose a data word.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California / Next generation flight termination systems (FTSs) will use digital technologies to verify the authenticity of range safety commands by command receiver-decoders located on each vehicle. This paper will discuss the general principles behind simplex message authentication using a block encryption cipher, and presents examples for demonstration.

Thesis (MAcc)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Leases are common phenomena in the South African and international business arena. Leasing is a popular and often cheaper method to obtain the use of property without the property being acquired. Included in property is immovable, movable, tangible and intangible property. The premature termination of lease agreements are also a common phenomenon in the South African and international business arena. When a lease is terminated prematurely, it is currently the practice that the person who terminates the lease agreement has to pay a termination penalty to the other party of the lease agreement. A lease agreement can however be terminated by either the lessee or the lessor. When both the paying and receiving parties assess their income tax liabilities, they may be confronted with the issue of how the payment or receipt of the termination penalty should be treated for income tax purposes. In practice there currently exists uncertainty whether the penalty should be treated as revenue- or capital in nature. The nature of this penalty depends on the background facts and must be judged individually on the basis of the guidelines approved by the courts laid down with respect to the issue of income versus capital. For this issue to be satisfactorily answered, the income tax treatments of lease termination penalties in Australia, Canada and the United States of America are investigated. The purpose of this study is to find guidelines, tools and principles to be used in a South African context, which may lead to the efficient and careful handling of lease termination penalties for South African tax purposes. The treatment of a lease termination penalty under current South African tax legislation is also studied. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Huurooreenkomste is alledaagse verskynsels in die Suid-Afrikaanse en internasionale sakesektor. Dit is gewilder en dikwels goedkoper vir besighede om eiendom te huur, eerder as om dit te koop, om sodoende die gebruik van die eiendom te bekom. Ingesluit by eiendom wat gehuur word is onroerende-, roerende-, tasbare- en ontasbare eiendom. Die voortydige beëindiging van huurooreenkomste is ook „n alledaagse verskynsel in die Suid-Afrikaanse en internasionale sakesektor. Waar ‟n huurooreenkoms voortydig beëindig word, is dit tans die praktyk dat die persoon wat die huurooreenkoms beëindig „n beëindigingsboete moet betaal aan die ander party in die huurooreenkoms. Die huurooreenkoms kan egter deur óf die huurder óf die verhuurder beëindig word. Wanneer beide die betalende party en die ontvangende party se inkomste-belastingaanspreeklikhede bereken word, kan hulle gekonfronteer word met die vraag oor hoe om die betaling of ontvangste van die beëindigingsboete vir inkomstebelasting-doeleindes te hanteer. Daar bestaan tans in die praktyk onsekerheid of die betaling of die ontvangste van hierdie beëindigingsboete kapitaal of inkomste van aard is. Die vraag of die betaling of ontvangste inkomste of kapitaal van aard is, hang dikwels af van die agtergrondfeite en moet elkeen individueel beoordeel word aan die hand van die riglyne wat reeds deur die howe neergelê is rondom inkomste teenoor kapitaal. Ten einde die vraagstuk bevredigend te beantwoord, word ondersoek ingestel na die inkomstebelastinghantering van beëindigingsboetes in Australië, Kanada en die Verenigde State van Amerika. Die doel van hierdie ondersoek is om potensiële riglyne, hulpmiddels of beginsels te identifiseer wat binne ‟n Suid-Afrikaanse konteks toegepas kan word en wat kan lei tot die effektiewe en deurdagte hantering van beëindigingsboetes vir Suid-Afrikaanse inkomstebelastingdoeleindes. Verder word die inkomstebelastinghantering van beëindigingsboetes ingevolge huidige bestaande Suid-Afrikaanse inkomstebelasting-wetgewing ondersoek.

No description available.

No description available.