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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Assessing the Test Usefulness : <em>A Comparison Between the Old and the New College English Test Band 4 (CET-4) in </em><em>China</em>

Chen, Lan January 2009 (has links)
<p>This paper is concerned with the newly reformed national English test for Chinese college students, called the College English Test (CET) Band 4 (or Level 4). By comparing the test before and after it was reformed, there will be a close examination with regard to the aspects of test reliability, construct validity, authenticity, interactiveness, impact and practicality. With an extra focus on how vocabulary and grammar are tested, the paper aims to investigate the extent to which the new system is considered useful and how effective it is in testing vocabulary and grammar.</p>
32

Assessing the Test Usefulness : A Comparison Between the Old and the New College English Test Band 4 (CET-4) in China

Chen, Lan January 2009 (has links)
This paper is concerned with the newly reformed national English test for Chinese college students, called the College English Test (CET) Band 4 (or Level 4). By comparing the test before and after it was reformed, there will be a close examination with regard to the aspects of test reliability, construct validity, authenticity, interactiveness, impact and practicality. With an extra focus on how vocabulary and grammar are tested, the paper aims to investigate the extent to which the new system is considered useful and how effective it is in testing vocabulary and grammar.
33

Gender differences in SAT scores : analysis by race and socioeconomic level

Haigh, Charles Frederick January 1995 (has links)
Gender differences on Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores were analyzed by racial and socioeconomic groupings. Differences in SAT-Math scores, in SAT-Verbal scores, and in the difference between SAT-Math and SAT-Verbal scores were studied using four racial groupings (African American, Asian American, Caucasian American, and Hispanic American) and two socioeconomic groupings (average-to-high income and average-low income) of students. All differences were tested at the .05 level. Socioeconomic status was determined by using federal guidelines for free and reduced school lunches.The population of the study consisted of 7625 students (3962 females and 3663 males) from two school districts. School District A provided the SAT-M and SAT-V scores of 767 African American, 111 Asian American, 5202 Caucasian American, and 101 Hispanic American students. School District B provided the SAT-M and SAT-V scores of 139 African American,'179 Asian American, and 1126 Caucasian American students.Males, as a group, were found to be significantly higher than females in SAT-M scores and in the difference between SAT-M and SAT-V scores. Asian Americans and Caucasian Americans were found to score significantly higher than both African Americans and Hispanic Americans in SAT-M and SAT-V scores. Asian Americans were found to score significantly higher than all other racial groups in the difference between SAT-M and SAT-V scores. Hispanic Americans were found to score significantly lower than Asian Americans and Caucasian Americans and significantly higher than African Americans in SAT-M and SAT-V scores. African Americans were found to. score significantly lower than all other racial groups in SAT-M and SAT-V scores. A significant two-way interaction was found for gender and race in SAT-M scores, in SAT-V scores, and in the difference between SAT-M and. SAT-V scores. Gender differences in SAT scores varied significantly between each racial grouping.Average-to-high socioeconomic groups were found to have significantly higher scores than average-to-low socioeconomic groups in both SAT-M and SAT-V scores. These differences occurred regardless of gender and race. Significant linear differences were also found to occur in the difference between SAT-M and SAT-V scores over a seven year period. / Department of Educational Leadership
34

Investigação da validade e precisão do psicodiagnóstico miocinético - PMK / Investigation of validity and reliability of the Myokinetic Psychodiagnosis PMK

Fábio Donini Conti 30 April 2014 (has links)
A presente pesquisa teve o objetivo de atualizar os parâmetros psicométricos do Psicodiagnóstico Miocinético PMK. Foi estudada uma amostra composta por 210 sujeitos adultos, todos destros, divididos em quatro grupos, um com 50 mulheres depressivas, um com 50 pacientes esquizofrênicos (35 homens e 15 mulheres), um com 50 reincidentes do sexo masculino do Sistema Prisional do Estado de São Paulo, que cometeram crimes de furto e/ou roubo e um grupo de controle, com 60 participantes (29 mulheres e 31 homens). Os instrumentos utilizados foram a entrevista clínica estruturada para o DSM-IV-TR, também conhecida como SCID-NP, com a finalidade de observar a presença de morbidades entre os presos e o grupo controle e de comorbidades entre os depressivos e esquizofrênicos, o Teste Palográfico, usado como critério no estudo de validade, e o PMK. A precisão foi obtida por meio do teste-reteste, somente com os protocolos da amostra controle e a validade, pelo método de grupos contrastantes e pelo método de validade simultânea. Para a precisão, foi calculado o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e também utilizado o teste t para determinar se existiam diferenças entre os resultados das duas aplicações. Para os grupos contrastantes foi utilizada a ANOVA de um fator e o teste Post hoc de Tukey, com a finalidade de observar possíveis diferenças significativas das medidas do PMK entre os grupos. Nesta análise, os resultados foram comparados de acordo com o gênero dos participantes. Para a validade simultânea, os dados do Tônus Vital e da Agressividade do PMK e os da Produtividade, Direção das Linhas e Ganchos do Palográfico foram transformados em nota z e correlacionados por meio do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, primeiramente com a amostra total e posteriormente com o grupo de depressivas e com o grupo de presos, separadamente. Os resultados do estudo de precisão indicaram que boa parte das medidas e dos traçados do PMK apresentou satisfatória estabilidade temporal, não sendo encontrada nenhuma diferença significativa entre teste e reteste. Ao todo, 64% das correlações foram superiores a 0,60, e as maiores médias das correlações foram para o Tônus Vital, a Agressividade e a Dimensão Tensional. As obtidas para o Predomínio Tensional foram as que apresentaram valores mais baixos, embora as correlações entre as aplicações tenham sido, todas, moderadas. Os resultados da validade entre grupos contrastantes demonstraram que, entre as mulheres, as diferenças significativas ocorreram, principalmente, no Tônus Vital, na Emotividade e na Dimensão Tensional. Entre os homens, na Agressividade, na Emotividade (com e sem sinal no DS) e na Dimensão Tensional. Os resultados da validade simultânea revelaram que as maiores correlações ocorreram entre as medidas da Agressividade do PMK com os Ganchos à direita do Palográfico. As correlações obtidas para o Tônus Vital também foram, na maior parte dos casos, significativas. A partir desses resultados, considerou-se que o PMK possui parâmetros científicos que permitem afirmar que ele é um teste preciso e válido para discriminar quadros clínicos de não clínicos / The present research had the purpose to update psychometric parameters of the Myokinetic Psychodiagnosis PMK. Participated a sample of 210 adult subjects, all right handed, divided into four groups, the first composed by 50 depressed women, the second by 50 schizophrenic patients (35 men and 15 women), the third by 50 male prisoners from the Prison System of the São Paulo State who had rescinded thefts and/or steals crimes, and a control group with 60 participants (29 women and 31 men). The instruments used were the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV-TR, also known as SCID-NP, in order to observe the presence of morbidity among prisoners and the control group and the co morbidity among depressed and schizophrenics. The Test Palográfico, was used as the validity criterion of the PMK test. The reliability was obtained by test-retest, restricted to the control sample and validity by the method of contrasting groups and the simultaneous validity. For the reliability was calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient and also the t test was used to verify if there were differences between the test-retest results. To evaluate the validity by contrasting groups it was used the one-way ANOVA and Pos hoc Tukey test, in order to determinate possible differences of PMK measures between groups. For simultaneous validity, data from PMK Vital Tonus and Aggressiveness and Productivity, Direction Lines and Hooks of Palográfico were transformed in z scores and then correlated by Pearson correlation coefficient, using data from the total sample and from the depressive group and the prisoner group independently. Results of the reliability study indicated that most of measures of PMK had a satisfactory temporal stability and no significant difference between test and retest means was found. Altogether, 64% of correlations were above 0.60 and higher means of correlations were for the Vital Tonus, Aggressiveness and Tensional Dimension. Correlations for Tensional Predominance showed the lowest values, although they can be considered moderate. Results of contrasting groups showed that, among women, significant differences were observed mainly in Vital Tonus, Emotionality and Tensional Dimension, and among men in Aggressiveness, Emotionality (with an without DS signal) and Tensional Dimension. The concurrent validity showed that significant correlations occurred mainly between PMK Aggressiveness measures and Palográfico Hooks at right. Vital Tonus correlations were in most cases significant. These results indicate that the PMK Test presents scientific parameters that allow to confirm that its a reliable and valid test to discriminate clinical cases from those non-clinical
35

Escala de avaliação de resultados - outcome questionnaire (OQ 45.2): validade e precisão / Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45.2): Validity and Reliability

Sonia Maria da Silva 28 June 2013 (has links)
As pesquisas para padronização de instrumentos de avaliação de resultados terapêuticos têm sido produtivas, uma vez que a aproximação entre a pesquisa e a prática clínica permite ao profissional perceber a importância dessa avaliação de processo e de resultados. Com isto, a necessidade dos psicólogos contarem com instrumentos de avaliação, capazes de auxiliá-los nessa tarefa, tem se mostrado cada vez mais essencial. No entanto, a carência de instrumentos válidos para a realidade brasileira impõe limitações a estes profissionais. O Outcome Questionnaire - OQ-45.2 é um dos instrumentos utilizados para avaliar os ganhos obtidos pelo paciente na psicoterapia, com pesquisas realizadas em vários países. Trata-se de uma escala do tipo Likert de cinco pontos, dividida em três subescalas: desconforto subjetivo (SD), relações interpessoais (IR) e desempenho do papel social (SR). Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da versão em português do OQ-45.2. A amostra foi composta por 419 participantes adultos, subdivididos em dois grupos, um de pacientes (N = 59) e outro de não pacientes (N = 360), sendo 156 homens e 263 mulheres, com idades variando de 18 a 78 anos. O estudo de precisão do OQ-45.2 foi realizado pelo método de teste-reteste, com intervalo de 7 a 14 dias, e o alfa de Cronbach. Para a escala total a precisão pelo reteste foi de 0,895 e para as subescalas variou de 0,756 a 0,883, indicando estabilidade temporal satisfatória. O alfa de Cronbach para a escala total foi de 0,95, semelhante ao do estudo americano (0,93). Os dados de validade foram obtidos pela correlação entre o resultado global e os das subescalas, por meio da comparação entre grupos contrastantes de pacientes e não pacientes e da validade simultânea com a Escala de Avaliação de Sintomas (EAS-40), o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI II) e o Questionário Geral de Saúde (QSG). As correlações das subescalas com a pontuação total e entre as subescalas foram significantes, mas a subescala SR mostrou correlações menores que as outras. Foram obtidas diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p < 0,001) entre as médias dos dois grupos, o que mostra a sensibilidade da escala para avaliação dos pacientes. O resultado do OQ 45.2 se correlacionou significativamente com os três instrumentos utilizados para o estudo de validade, sendo que as correlações com os escores totais dos instrumentos foram: 0,80 com a EAS-40, 0,83 com o BDI-II e 0,88 com o QSG. Também foram calculadas as correlações entre cada item com o escore total do OQ-45.2, tendo sido encontrados quatro itens com correlações menores do que 0,20. Assim os estudos psicométricos indicaram a adequação da escala para o uso no Brasil, embora ainda seja necessária a confirmação de sua estrutura fatorial e de estudos referentes a mudanças obtidas na psicoterapia / Researches for standardization of therapeutic assessment tools have been productive, since the connection between research and clinical practice allows the professional to realize the importance of the assessment process and results. In this way, the psychologists need of available assessment tools, which can assist them in this task, has become ever more essential. However, the lack of valid instruments to the Brazilian reality imposes limitations to these professionals. The Outcome Questionnaire - OQ-45.2 is one of the instruments used to measure the patients progress in psychotherapy and it was studied in several countries. It is a Likert five points scale, divided into three subscales: Symptom Distress (SD), Interpersonal Relationships (IR) and Social-Role performance (SR). The goal of this research was to assess the psychometric properties of the OQ-45-2 Portuguese version. The sample was composed by 419 adult participants, divided in two groups, one group of patients (N = 59) and the other of non-patients (N = 360), 156 men and 263 women, age ranging from 18 to 78 years. The reliability study of the OQ-45.2 was conducted by the test-retest method, using intervals ranging from 7 to 14 days, and by the Cronbach\'s alpha coefficient. The retest reliability for the total score was 0.895 and for the subscales ranged from 0.756 to 0.883, indicating satisfactory temporal stability. The Cronbach\'s alpha for the total scale was 0.95, similar to the American study (0.93). The validity data were obtained by correlations between the total score and the subscales scores; by comparing contrasting groups of patients and non patients and concurrent validity with the Symptom Assessment Scale (EAS-40) Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Correlations of the subscales with the total score and subscales scores were significant, but the SR subscale showed lower correlations than others. Differences between the means of two groups were significant statistically (p <0.001), which shows the sensitivity of the scale to assess patients. The results of OQ-45.2 correlated significantly with the three tests used in validity study and correlations between the total scores of the tests were 0.80 with the EAS-40, 0.83 with the BDI-II and 0.88 with the GHQ. Correlations total of total score of OQ-45.2 with each item were also calculated and were found four items correlations lower than 0.20. Therefore, the psychometric studies indicated the appropriateness of the scale for use in Brazil, although it is still necessary the confirmation of its factor structure and studies regarding changes obtained in psychotherapy
36

Ipsative Score Distortion on Affinity 2.0

Brown, Alec J. 28 November 2005 (has links) (PDF)
This study investigated distortion that occurs when raw scores are converted to ipsative scores on Affinity 2.0, a relatively new instrument for assessing sexual interest. Using a sample of 146 non-offending, heterosexual females, this study examined the characteristics of distorted ipsative score profiles and attempted to develop an algorithm to identify such distortions. A method was developed for defining distortion objectively. Of the 146 profiles,125 were found to contain some degree of distortion. Several hypotheses were formulated as to variables that might be related to distortion. These relationships were examined using Pearson Product Moment Correlations. Several statistically significant, but weak, correlations were found. An interaction effect was calculated for four of these variables, and was found to have a moderately strong correlation with distortion (r = .530, p <.01). An algorithm for identifying distortion was developed using this interaction effect. Several cut-off scores were tested. The most effective cut-off only correctly identified 42.9% of the significantly distorted profiles. Implications and limitations of the results are discussed, and directions for future research are provided.
37

An Examination of English Language Proficiency and Achievement Test Outcomes

Mojica, Tammy Christina January 2013 (has links)
The purpose of the study was to compare the relationship between grade eight English language proficiency as measured by the ACCESS for ELL's assessment (Assessing Comprehension and Communication in English State to State for English Language Learners) and achievement test outcomes on the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment, a state mandated test. The ACCESS for ELLs is an annual, large-scale English language proficiency assessment given to kindergarten through grade twelve students who have been identified as English language learners. The ACCESS assessment is administered in English. Data from the Nation's Report Card (US. Department of National Center for Education Statistics, 2007 a & 2007 b) show that ELL students lag behind their English proficient peers on standardized tests of reading. The inclusion of English language learners in state assessments has prompted issues regarding the validity and equity of assessment practices (Abedi, 2004). The data for the study were gathered from an analyses of 8th grade ELL students' scores on the 2011 PSSA standardized assessment test administered in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania public school district. Data were also gathered from the analysis of 8th grade ELL assessments for the 2010-2011 school year. The study also assessed the predictive values of the criterion variables and the moderating effects of categorical variables by school: Ethnicity (Black, White, Hispanic), ELL status (English Language Learner), Students with Disabilities status (SWD), Socioeconomic status (SES), which contribute to Pennsylvania's Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) status. The study showed strong evidence that there is a significant relationship between the PSSA and language background as measured by the ACCESS assessment. Assessment. The implications of these data for the testing and assessment of ELL learners was discussed. / Educational Leadership
38

NORMATIZAÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DAS PIRÂMIDES COLORIDAS DE PFISTER PARA CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES. / Standardization and Validation of Color Pyramid Pfister for Children and Adolescents.

Chagas, Larissa Escher 16 March 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:20:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Larissa Escher Chagas.pdf: 1482179 bytes, checksum: ca80f56815a41ca93e8b589b3e76c878 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-16 / This thesis is organized in two articles that aim to contribute to the construction of Brazilian psychometric parameters of standardization and validity of using the Test of Pfisters Color Pyramid (TPC) for children and adolescents. With the gathering of the test standards performance of this age group in a Brazilian region not included in the psychological instrument manual, it is possible complement the normative test data, increasing its potential for use and reliability. The first article is the presentation of normative data for the study sample, and the comparison among different age groups, gender and type of school. The study included 367 children and adolescents, 7-14 years, with respect to which were performed comparative analyzes and survey descriptive statistics of performance in the TPC. The results indicate the presence of productions less developed cognitively and greater emotional immaturity in children 7-12 years, while teens have better organization of thought. Regarding gender, girls were more extroverted and anxious than boys who, in turn, had higher modulation capability of emotions. Considering the school origin, note that public school students demonstrated ability to conduct maintenance adapted in relation to emotions, while the private schools have obtained, mostly over high cognitive performance evidence. The second article is a validation study where one sees the possible correlations between the emotional and cognitive indicators of the TPC and the level of non-verbal general intelligence as measured by the Raven test. The study included 411 children and adolescents 7-14 years of age, whose data were analyzed from three groups of different levels of intelligence: lower, middle and upper. The results showed a significant positive correlation between the Formal aspects and levels of intelligence, where indicators of more primitive cognitive and emotional levels were observed in lower-level participants intelligence; intermediate productions correspond to the median intellectual levels; and the most sophisticated productions relate to the higher intellectual levels, which also showed higher anxiety and tension in dealing with emotions, the greater frequency of use of the violet color. This result can be considered evidence of TPC validation in children and adolescents, mainly related to their cognitive indicators. In general, the two dissertation articles seek to contribute to the best and highest use of the instrument, setting standards for certain population and verifying evidence of validity. / A presente dissertação está organizada em dois artigos que têm como objetivo contribuir com a construção de parâmetros psicométricos brasileiros de normatização e de validade do uso do Teste das Pirâmides Coloridas de Pfister (TPC) para crianças e adolescentes. Com o levantamento dos desempenhos padrões no teste dessa faixa etária, em uma região brasileira não contemplada no manual do instrumento psicológico, pode-se complementar os dados normativos do teste, aumentando seu potencial de uso e de fidedignidade. O primeiro artigo consiste na apresentação dos dados normativos para a amostra do estudo, além da comparação entre grupos diferentes de idade, sexo e tipo de escola. Participaram do estudo 367 crianças e adolescentes de 7 a 14 anos, com relação aos quais foram realizadas análises comparativas e levantamento da estatística descritiva do desempenho no TPC. Os resultados apontam para a presença de produções menos desenvolvidas cognitivamente e maior imaturidade emocional em crianças de 7 a 12 anos, enquanto os adolescentes possuem melhor organização do pensamento. Quanto ao sexo, as meninas se mostraram mais extrovertidas e ansiosas do que os meninos que, por sua vez, apresentaram maior capacidade de modulação das emoções. Considerando a origem escolar, nota-se que alunos de escolas públicas demostraram capacidade de manutenção de conduta adaptada em relação às emoções, enquanto os de escolas particulares obtiveram, em sua maioria, mais indícios de desempenho cognitivo elevado. O segundo artigo é um estudo de validação onde verificam-se as possíveis correlações entre os indicadores emocionais e cognitivos do TPC e o nível de inteligência geral não verbal medido pelo Teste de Raven. Participaram do estudo 411 crianças e adolescentes de 7 a 14 anos de idade, cujos dados foram analisados a partir de três grupos de diferentes níveis de inteligência: inferior, mediano e superior. Os resultados indicaram correlação positiva significativa entre os Aspectos Formais e os níveis de inteligência, onde os indicadores de níveis cognitivos e emocionais mais primitivos foram observados em participantes de nível inferior de inteligência; as produções intermediárias correspondem aos níveis intelectuais medianos; e as produções mais sofisticadas se relacionam com os níveis intelectuais superiores, que também apresentaram maior ansiedade e tensão na forma de lidar com as emoções, pela maior frequência do uso da cor violeta. Este resultado pode ser considerado uma evidência de validação do TPC em crianças e adolescentes, principalmente relacionado aos seus indicadores cognitivos. De maneira geral, os dois artigos da dissertação procuram contribuir para a melhor e maior utilização do instrumento, estabelecendo normas para determinada população e comprovando evidências de validade do mesmo.
39

Constru??o de escala de autorrelato para identifica??o de caracter?sticas associadas ? superdota??o / Building self-report scale to identify characteristics associated with giftedness

Bassinello, Priscila Zaia 04 December 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Priscila Zaia Bassinello.pdf: 1352943 bytes, checksum: 1854c67d58925b18ca9dc08c3b7a231e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-04 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / Considering the various difficulties about the subject High Ability / Gifted (such as definition, identification / evaluation of individuals, the absence of specific instruments), this research aims to construct a self-report scale aimed to identify characteristics related to the phenomenon. Based on the review of national and international literature, which enabled the raising of those most commonly reported, the characteristics to be focused on the instrument selected. After this step, four studies were performed. The first involved the construction of the instrument, whose initial version was composed of 44 items, involving 22 different categories. The second study sought for evidence of content validity by examining judges (five active students postgraduate in the field of psychological assessment), whose results showed positive evidence for all items created, emphasizing that a review of seven of them was held to suitability. The third study, pilot study aimed to verify the adequacy of the scale items to the target age range. For that 38 children aged 9 and 12 years of age, of both sexes, elementary students were consulted, responding to the instrument and explaining to the researcher what they understood each sentence, even suggesting difficult words or rewording. Finally, we performed an exploratory factor analysis, with 220 participants of 09-12 years old, which indicated the existence of four factors in the scale, indicating a multidimensional instrument for the assessment of the subject in question. In general, it can be seen that the studies achieved the expected results, pointing to content validity and construct validity of the scale, confirming its suitability for the age range for which it was built. / Considerando as diversas dificuldades encontradas a respeito das Altas Habilidades / Superdota??o (tais como defini??o, identifica??o / avalia??o de indiv?duos, aus?ncia de instrumentos espec?ficos), a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo a constru??o de uma escala de autorrelato voltada ? identifica??o de caracter?sticas relacionadas ao fen?meno. Partindo-se da revis?o da literatura nacional e internacional, a qual possibilitou o levantamento daquelas mais comumente relatadas, as caracter?sticas a serem focadas no instrumento foram selecionadas. Ap?s esta etapa, quatro estudos foram realizados. O primeiro envolveu a constru??o do instrumento, cuja vers?o inicial foi composta por 44 itens, envolvendo 22 diferentes categorias. O segundo estudo buscou evid?ncias de validade de conte?do atrav?s da an?lise de ju?zes (cinco estudantes de p?s-gradua??o atuantes na ?rea de avalia??o psicol?gica), cujos resultados apontaram para evid?ncias positivas para todos os itens criados, salientando-se que uma revis?o de sete deles foi realizada para sua adequa??o. O terceiro estudo, estudo piloto, teve como objetivo verificar a adequa??o dos itens da escala ? faixa et?ria alvo. Para isso 38 crian?as de 9 e 12 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos, estudantes de ensino fundamental foram consultadas, respondendo ao instrumento e explicando ? pesquisadora, o que entendiam em cada frase, sugerindo ainda palavras dif?ceis ou nova reda??o. Por fim, realizou-se a an?lise fatorial explorat?ria, com 220 participantes de 09 a 12 anos de idade, ? qual apontou para a exist?ncia de quatro fatores presentes na escala, indicando um instrumento multidimensional para avalia??o da tem?tica em quest?o. De um modo geral, pode-se verificar que os estudos alcan?aram os resultados esperados, apontando para validade de conte?do e validade de construto da escala, confirmando sua adequa??o ? faixa et?ria para o qual foi constru?do.
40

Constru??o de escala de potencial criativo para organiza??es / Construction of a scale for creative potential in organizations

Spadari, Gabriela Fabbro 15 December 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriela Fabbro Spadari.pdf: 1612570 bytes, checksum: 51764b29ebbf6f2a3e85215793ec10d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / The present study had the objective of creating a scale for the assessment of creativity characteristics in the organizational context, as well as to conduct initial exploration studies of its psychometric qualities. Four studies were performed, with the purpose of building the instrument first, based on an interview with 10 leaders, managers and supervisors in order to get to know the main characteristics of creativity that were valued in the organizational environment. As a result, 18 characteristics or features were selected and each gave rise to two items from the scale, in a way that it was composed of 36 items. The second study sought content validity evidence through content-related judge?s analysis (five graduate students working in the field of psychological assessment), whose responses, analyzed in terms of appropriateness of the item and estimating the percentage of agreement, pointed suitable results in all items, and nine of them had to go through another round of assessment, after modifications. The third study designated as analysis of the scale?s internal structure was carried out through exploratory factorial analysis, based on the responses of 170 participants (121 female). The results pointed the existence of a bifatorial structure, in which the factor 1, composed of 16 items was called "Blockade and Barriers to Creativity" involving items that were related to the opposite of creativity and factor 2, composed of 12 items and entitled "Attributes and Features which Encourage Creativity", including items that are directly related to creativity. Eight items did not present factor loading and were later left out. The fourth study aimed to find validity evidence based on its relationship with external variables. The test Thinking Creatively with Words from Torrance Tests was taken as a criterion, having been answered along with the scale, with a sample composed of 50 participants (31 females), aged between 17 and 61 years (M = 32.96; DP = 11.47). The results show that the Factor 1 displayed significant negative correlations with the Fluency characteristic (r = -0.344, p ? 0.05), Flexibility (r = -0.343, p ? 0.05) and Verbal Creative Index 2 (r = -0.293, p ? 0.05). Factor 2, in turn, showed no significant correlation with any of the Torrance test measures. A second analysis was performed in order to investigate the correlation between each item separately in the Scale for Creative Potential and the Creativity Characteristics evaluated by the Torrance Test. Nine items from the scale showed significant correlations with measures of the verbal creativity test, with four belonging to Factor 1 and five belonging to Factor 2. It is suggested that further studies should be conducted with the instrument, considering other criteria (such as supervisor?s appraisals, in addition to other tools of creativity assessment), as well as those targeting the investigation of the scale?s precision / O presente estudo teve como objetivo a constru??o de uma escala para avalia??o de caracter?sticas de criatividade no contexto organizacional, assim como a condu??o dos primeiros estudos de investiga??o de suas qualidades psicom?tricas. Para isso, quatro estudos foram realizados. O primeiro visou a constru??o do instrumento, baseando-se na entrevista com 10 l?deres, gerentes e supervisores a fim de levantar e conhecer as principais caracter?sticas da criatividade valorizadas no ambiente organizacional. Como resultado, 18 caracter?sticas foram selecionadas e deram origem, cada uma, a dois itens da escala, que maneira que a mesma ficou composta por 36 itens. O segundo estudo buscou evid?ncias de validade de conte?do atrav?s da an?lise de ju?zes (cinco estudantes de p?s-gradua??o atuantes na ?rea de avalia??o psicol?gica), cujas respostas, analisadas em termos de adequa??o do item e estimativa da porcentagem de concord?ncia, apontaram para resultados adequados em todos os itens, sendo que nove deles tiveram que passar por uma nova rodada de avalia??o, ap?s reformula??o. O terceiro estudo, de an?lise da estrutura interna da escala foi realizado a partir de an?lise fatorial explorat?ria, partindo-se das respostas de 170 participantes (121 do sexo feminino). Os resultados apontaram para a exist?ncia de uma estrutura bifatorial, sendo o Fator 1, composto por 16 itens e chamado de Bloqueios e barreiras ? criatividade envolvendo itens que relacionam-se de forma inversa ? criatividade e o Fator 2, composto por 12 itens e intitulado Atributos e caracter?sticas que favorecem a criatividade , englobando itens que encontram-se relacionados diretamente ? criatividade. Oito itens n?o apresentaram carga fatorial e foram exclu?dos. O quarto estudo visou encontrar evid?ncias de validade com base na rela??o com vari?veis externas. O Teste Pensando Criativamente com Palavras de Torrance foi tomado como crit?rio, tendo sido respondido, juntamente com a escala, por uma amostra composta por 50 participantes (31 do sexo feminino), com idades entre 17 e 61 anos (M = 32,96; DP = 11,47). Os resultados mostram que o Fator 1 apresentou correla??es significativas e negativas com a caracter?stica de Flu?ncia (r=-0,344, p?0,05), Flexibilidadade (r=-0,343, p?0,05) e Indice Criativo Verbal 2 (r=-0,293, p?0,05). O Fator 2, por sua vez, n?o apresentou correla??o significativa com nenhuma das medidas do Teste de Torrance. Uma segunda an?lise, a fim de investigar, separadamente, a correla??o entre cada item da Escala de Potencial Criativo Organizacional e as caracter?sticas criativas avaliadas pelo Teste de Torrance foi realizada. Nove itens da escala apresentaram correla??es significativas com as medidas do teste de criatividade verbal, sendo quatro pertencentes ao Fator 1 e cinco pertencentes ao Fator 2. Sugere-se que novos estudos sejam conduzidos com o instrumental, tomando-se outros crit?rios (tais como avalia??es de supervisores, assim como outros instrumentos de avalia??o da criatividade), bem como aqueles que visem a investiga??o da precis?o da escala.

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