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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Genetic influences on vaccine response in children

Baynam, Gareth January 2008 (has links)
Vaccination is one of the most efficacious public health interventions1 and has been increasingly used to combat non-infectious diseases. Mechanisms underlying vaccine responses overlap with those regulating immune responses in health and disease. Therefore, an understanding of mechanisms underpinning these responses will have broad implications. Variation in immune response genes contributes to impaired vaccine responses2-4. Understanding the contribution of genetic variants to vaccine responses is likely to be particularly important in early life given the generalized functional immaturity of the immune system in infants and the highly variable kinetics of its maturation over the first few years of life5-7. However, studies of genetic influences on early childhood vaccine responses are scarce. Since a number of genes from several pathways are likely to be important, a targeted approach is necessary. This thesis explored the effects and interactions of genes associated with atopy, as atopy, or the genetic risk for it, has been associated with modulation of early childhood vaccine responses. This thesis aimed to: 1) investigate genetic variants associated with atopy on early childhood vaccine responses; 2) examine interactions between these genetic variants and non-genetic factors; 3) approach developmental genetic influences on genetic effects and their interactions; and 4) extend findings on vaccine responses to other immunological phenotypes and disease outcomes.
2

Charakterisierung von Plasmazellsubpopulationen im humanen Knochenmark

Kruck, Ina 09 November 2015 (has links)
Plasmazellen gehören zu den Effektorzellen des adaptiven Immunsystems. Langlebige Plasmazellen tragen durch kontinuierliche Sekretion protektiver Antikörper wesentlich zum humoralen Gedächtnis bei und überleben hauptsächlich in spezialisierten Nischen des Knochenmarks. Bislang ist jedoch kein Marker bekannt, mit dessen Hilfe langlebige Plasmazellen eindeutig identifiziert werden können. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der molekularbiologischen, phänotypischen und funktionellen Charakterisierung von reifen Plasmazellen im gesunden humanen Knochenmark, die sich durch die differentielle Expression von CD19 unterscheiden. Dabei konnte festgestellt werden, dass CD19negative Plasmazellen durch eine vergleichsweise geringere Expression von CD45 und HLADR einen höheren Reifegrad aufweisen als CD19positive Plasmazellen. Zudem lässt die vermehrte Expression von CD28, Mcl1, Bcl2 sowie die schwächere Expression u.a. von CD95 darauf schließen, dass CD19negative Plasmazellen im Knochenmark eine bessere Überlebenskapazität besitzen als CD19positive Plasmazellen. Da beide Plasmazellpopulationen ähnliche Antigen-Spezifitäten aufweisen, Plasmazellen im Knochenmark von Säuglingen ausschließlich CD19 exprimieren und nach sekundärer Vakzinierung im Blut detektierbare Plasmablasten und Plasmazellen ebenfalls CD19 auf ihrer Oberfläche exprimieren, weist die Gesamtheit der Daten darauf hin, dass sich CD19negative Plasmazellen im Kindesalter in situ aus reifen CD19positiven Plasmazellen im Knochenmark entwickeln. Die CD19negative Plasmazellpopulation leistet durch hohe Halbwertszeit und Stabilität einen konstanten Beitrag zur Aufrechterhaltung des humoralen Gedächtnisses. Die CD19positive Plasmazellpopulation stellt hingegen eine flexible Komponente dar, die eine Anpassung der humoralen Immunität und des humoralen Gedächtnisses an aktuelle Herausforderungen auch im Erwachsenenalter ermöglicht. / Plasma cells are effector cells of the adaptive immune system. Humoral memory is sustained by long-lived plasma cells that continuously secrete protective antibodies and mostly reside in specialized niches in the bone marrow. So far, no marker is known that could distinguish long-lived plasma cells from short-lived ones. The present work addresses the biomolecular, phenotypical and functional characterization of mature plasma cells in healthy human bone marrow that differ in their expression of the surface marker CD19. CD19negative plasma cells showed higher maturity than CD19positive plasma cells as they expressed lesser amounts of CD45 and HLADR. Moreover, higher expression of CD28, Mcl1 and Bcl2 and lesser expression of CD95 argues for a better survival capacity of CD19negative plasma cells. Both plasma cell populations showed similar antigen specificities. All plasmablasts and plasma cells detectable in blood after secondary vaccination expressed CD19, as well as all plasma cells isolated from infant bone marrow. These results indicate that CD19negative plasma cells mainly develop during childhood by further differentiation of mature CD19positive plasma cells in situ in the bone marrow. CD19negative plasma cells represent a long-lived and stable component of the adaptive immune system and humoral memory, whereas the CD19positive plasma cell population displays a flexible element allowing for adaption of humoral immunity to new challenges throughout a lifetime.
3

Die vollständige Entschlüsselung der Genomsequenz des Tetanus-Erregers <i>Clostridium tetani</i> und die Analyse seines genetischen Potentials / The complete genome sequence of the causative agent of tetanus disease, <i>Clostridium tetani</i>, and the analysis of its genes

Brüggemann, Holger 30 January 2003 (has links)
No description available.

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