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From water resources management to integrated water resources management : an analysis of the establishment of new water management organisations in NamibiaSimataa, Faith Auguste January 2010 (has links)
<p>The questions posed in this study address the different processes that were involved in the decision-making and establishment of the water management organisations, the extent of public participation, as well as features of evident governance in implementing the policies. A critical analysis of the role of stakeholders and the various influences they may have in water management will also be examined. The methodology follows a historical study approach. A thorough document review will be done of the policies and related materials around BMCs, where events will be constructed from the findings. Interviews will be conducted for verification purposes, to verify the desktop findings and to assimilate any conflicts of opinion that might have not been documented.</p>
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From water resources management to integrated water resources management: an analysis of the establishment of new water management organisations in NamibiaSimataa, Faith Auguste January 2010 (has links)
Magister Scientiae (Integrated Water Resource Management) / The questions posed in this study address the different processes that were involved in the decision-making and establishment of the water management organisations, the extent of public participation, as well as features of evident governance in implementing the policies. A critical analysis of the role of stakeholders and the various influences they may have in water management will also be examined. The methodology follows a historical study approach. A thorough document review will be done of the policies and related materials around BMCs, where events will be constructed from the findings. Interviews will be conducted for verification purposes, to verify the desktop findings and to assimilate any conflicts of opinion that might have not been documented. / South Africa
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Unapređenje metodologije upravljanja projektima u konzervaciji i restauraciji kulturnog nasleđa / Advancement of project management methodology in cultural heritage conservation and restorationHiršenberger Helena 27 September 2019 (has links)
<p>U okviru disertacije se ispituje mogućnost za unapređenje upravljanja projektima u konzervaciji i restauraciji kulturnog nasleđa. Kvalitativnim istraživačkim metodama ispitivani su rizici i izazovi sa kojima se susreću i kako njima upravljaju ovi izrazito multidisciplinarni i intersektorski projekti saradnje. Kao rezultat istraživanja i originalan naučni doprinos disertacije predložen je set preporuka za unapređenje upravljanja rizicima u projektima u konzervaciji i restuaraciji kulturnog nasleđa.</p> / <p>The dissertation examines the possibility of advancing project management in conservation and restoration of cultural heritage. A survey was conducted in order to examine how increased complexity of cross-disciplinary setting influences project management challenges and risks in heritage conservation. As a research result and the original scientific contribution of the dissertation, a set of recommendations for advancement of project risk management in conservation and restoration of cultural heritage has been proposed.</p>
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ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF MIXED-SPECIES HARDWOOD FORESTS UNDER RISK AND UNCERTAINTYVamsi K Vipparla (9174710) 28 July 2020 (has links)
<p>Forest management
involves numerous stochastic elements. To sustainably manage forest
resources, it is crucial to acknowledge
these sources as uncertainty or risk, and incorporate them in adaptive
decision-making. Here, I developed several stochastic programming models in the
form of passive or active adaptive management for natural mixed-species
hardwood forests in Indiana. I demonstrated how to use these tools to deal with
time-invariant and time-variant natural disturbances in optimal planning of
harvests.</p>
<p> Markov decision process (MDP)
models were first constructed based upon stochastic simulations of an empirical
forest growth model for the forest type of interest. Then, they were optimized
to seek the optimal or near-optimal harvesting decisions while considering risk
and uncertainty in natural disturbances. In particular, a classic
expected-criterion infinite-horizon MDP model was first used as a passive
adaptive management tool to determine the optimal action for a specific forest
state when the probabilities of forest transition remained constant over time.
Next, a two-stage non-stationary MDP model combined with a rolling-horizon
heuristic was developed, which allowed information
update and then adjustments of decisions accordingly. It was used to determine
active adaptive harvesting decisions for a three-decade planning horizon during
which natural disturbance probabilities may be altered by climate change.</p>
<p> The empirical results can be used
to make some useful quantitative management recommendations, and shed light on
the impacts of decision-making on the forests and timber yield when some
stochastic elements in forest management changed. In general, the increase in
the likelihood of damages by natural disturbance to forests would cause more
aggressive decisions if timber production was the management objective. When
windthrow did not pose a threat to mixed hardwood forests, the average optimal
yield of sawtimber was estimated to be 1,376 ft<sup>3</sup>/ac/acre, while the
residual basal area was 88 ft<sup>2</sup>/ac. Assuming a 10 percent per decade probability
of windthrow that would reduce the stand basal area considerably, the optimal sawtimber yield per decade would
decline by 17%, but the residual basal area would be lowered only by 5%. Assuming
that the frequency of windthrow increased in the magnitude of 5% every decade
under climate change, the average sawtimber yield would be reduced by 31%, with
an average residual basal area slightly around 76 ft<sup>2</sup>/ac. For
validation purpose, I compared the total sawtimber yield in three decades
obtained from the heuristic approach to that of a three-decade MDP model making
<i>ex post</i> decisions. The heuristic
approach was proved to provide a satisfactory result which was only about 18%
lower than the actual optimum.</p>
These findings highlight the need for landowners, both private and
public, to monitor forests frequently and use flexible planning approaches in
order to anticipate for climate change impacts. They also suggest that climate
change may considerably lower sawtimber yield, causing a concerning decline in
the timber supply in Indiana. Future improvements of the approaches used here are
recommended, including addressing the changing stumpage market condition and
developing a more flexible rolling-horizon heuristic approach.
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An assessment of the implication of involving local communities in biodiversity conservation : a case study of Blouberg Nature Reserve in Limpopo, South AfricaRampheri, Mangana Berel January 2020 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc. (Geography)) -- University of Limpopo, 2020 / This work aimed at assessing the implications of involving local communities in biodiversity conservation in Blouberg Nature Reserve (BNR) in Limpopo Province, South Africa. To achieve this objective, firstly biodiversity status before and after involving local communities in conservation initiatives was assessed using multi-temporal medium-resolution Landsat series data and species diversity indices. The results showed that there were significant variations (α = 0.05) in tree species diversity in BNR for before and after involving local communities. For example, tree species diversity was low after involving communities particularly for the years 1996 and 2019. Secondly, benefits and costs of involving local communities in biodiversity conservation as well as their investigate views, perceptions and attitudes BNR management were assessed. The study demonstrated local communities do not obtain sufficient benefits or incur numerous costs from the nature reserve. Despite this, there was considerable support for biodiversity conservation (84.2%) since household respondents still held positive attitudes towards biodiversity conservation in the reserve. For, example most of them indicated that they would report illegal activities to the authorities. However, despite lack of participation by the majority of the household respondents (89.6%) in biodiversity conservation, they demonstrated understanding of the relevance of nature conservation. In contrary, the BNR Manager stated that the local communities received benefits in the form of fuel-wood for special occasions such as funerals and bush meat sold at treasury approved tariffs during culling. However, illegal activities like poaching are still experienced in the nature reserve. Thus, the study underscores the relevance the integrating satellite data and qualitative information in assessing the ecological condition of PAs. Such information can help in biodiversity monitoring and decision-making on conservation of biodiversity.
Keywords: biodiversity conservation; community-based natural resource management approach; ecological status; mapping; satellite data; spatial characterisation; species diversity; statistical analysis.
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Wissensorientiertes Management: Ein systemischer Ansatz zur Mobilisierung von ErfahrungswissenGeißler, Peter 11 April 2012 (has links) (PDF)
Die Dissertation mit dem Titel „Wissensorientiertes Management: Ein systemischer Ansatz zur Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen“ widmet sich dem individuellen, persönlichen Erfahrungswissen als Teil des breit und interdisziplinär diskutierten Begriffs Wissen und dessen Relevanz für ein wissensorientiertes Unternehmen. Dafür wird eine Organisationsarchitektur auf Basis einer kontemporären Managementphilosophie und unter Berücksichtigung von Social Software vorgestellt, mit deren Hilfe der Austausch und die Generierung von Erfahrungswissen für eine Unternehmung gefördert werden kann. Ziel der Dissertation ist damit die Konzeption eines organisationsweiten Managementansatzes zur Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen in Unternehmen.
Um die zentralen Probleme des Wissensmanagements, u. a. die reduktionistische Sicht auf Wissen als explizite, objektive Größe zu vermeiden, wird ein systemischer bzw. ganzheitlicher Ansatz beim Umgang mit Wissen verfolgt. Durch die systematische Literaturanalyse zu den Themen Erfahrungswissen und Wissensmanagement kommt die Arbeit zur Empfehlung, ein wissensorientiertes Management für die Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen als holistisches Gesamtkonzept in Unternehmen zu etablieren. Im Rahmen einer modelltheoretischen Analyse werden 14 Anforderungen an die Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen erhoben, drei Wissensmanagement-Modelle ausgewählt und detailliert auf ihre Eignung für die Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen geprüft und aus den Erkenntnissen mit dem IDEA Modell ein eigener Ansatz zur Beschreibung der komplexen Wirkzusammenhänge (Momente) und als strukturierender Ordnungsrahmen vorgestellt. Ausgehend von den technischen, soziokulturellen und organisationalen Prinzipien von Social Software wird deren potenzieller Beitrag zur Stärkung von sozialer Interaktion und Partizipation herausgestellt und für den angestrebten systemischen Managementansatz für die Wissensmobilisierung in Unternehmen eine Enterprise 2.0 Architektur als Ordnungsrahmen entworfen und hinsichtlich der Einflussfaktoren und Herausforderungen an die Umsetzung detailliert.
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Wissensorientiertes Management: Ein systemischer Ansatz zur Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen: Wissensorientiertes Management: Ein systemischer Ansatz zur Mobilisierung von ErfahrungswissenGeißler, Peter 22 February 2012 (has links)
Die Dissertation mit dem Titel „Wissensorientiertes Management: Ein systemischer Ansatz zur Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen“ widmet sich dem individuellen, persönlichen Erfahrungswissen als Teil des breit und interdisziplinär diskutierten Begriffs Wissen und dessen Relevanz für ein wissensorientiertes Unternehmen. Dafür wird eine Organisationsarchitektur auf Basis einer kontemporären Managementphilosophie und unter Berücksichtigung von Social Software vorgestellt, mit deren Hilfe der Austausch und die Generierung von Erfahrungswissen für eine Unternehmung gefördert werden kann. Ziel der Dissertation ist damit die Konzeption eines organisationsweiten Managementansatzes zur Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen in Unternehmen.
Um die zentralen Probleme des Wissensmanagements, u. a. die reduktionistische Sicht auf Wissen als explizite, objektive Größe zu vermeiden, wird ein systemischer bzw. ganzheitlicher Ansatz beim Umgang mit Wissen verfolgt. Durch die systematische Literaturanalyse zu den Themen Erfahrungswissen und Wissensmanagement kommt die Arbeit zur Empfehlung, ein wissensorientiertes Management für die Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen als holistisches Gesamtkonzept in Unternehmen zu etablieren. Im Rahmen einer modelltheoretischen Analyse werden 14 Anforderungen an die Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen erhoben, drei Wissensmanagement-Modelle ausgewählt und detailliert auf ihre Eignung für die Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen geprüft und aus den Erkenntnissen mit dem IDEA Modell ein eigener Ansatz zur Beschreibung der komplexen Wirkzusammenhänge (Momente) und als strukturierender Ordnungsrahmen vorgestellt. Ausgehend von den technischen, soziokulturellen und organisationalen Prinzipien von Social Software wird deren potenzieller Beitrag zur Stärkung von sozialer Interaktion und Partizipation herausgestellt und für den angestrebten systemischen Managementansatz für die Wissensmobilisierung in Unternehmen eine Enterprise 2.0 Architektur als Ordnungsrahmen entworfen und hinsichtlich der Einflussfaktoren und Herausforderungen an die Umsetzung detailliert.:1 Einführung 10
1.1 Ausgangssituation 11
1.1.1 Vorbemerkung 11
1.1.2 Problemstellung 15
1.2 Zielstellung und Schwerpunkt 17
1.3 Forschungsdesign 20
1.4 Aufbau der Arbeit 23
2 Erfahrungswissen 27
2.1 Vom Wissen zum Erfahrungswissen 29
2.2 Bedeutung von Erfahrungswissen 34
2.2.1 Erfahrungswissen in der technisierten Arbeitswelt 35
2.2.2 Ökonomische Bedeutung von Erfahrungswissen 38
2.2.3 Erfahrungswissen als Residualkategorie allen praktischen Handelns 39
2.3 Betrachtungsdimensionen Prozess vs. Zustand 42
2.3.1 Erfahrung-Machen als Prozess 44
2.3.2 Erfahrung-Besitzen als Zustand 49
2.3.2.1 Erfahrungswissen als Ergebnis 49
2.3.2.2 Erfahrungswissen als Ressource 51
2.3.3 Abgeleitete Eigenschaften von Erfahrungswissen 53
2.4 Erscheinungsformen von Erfahrungswissen 57
2.4.1 Tiefendimension von Erfahrungswissen 57
2.4.2 Erfahrungswissen als Expertise 64
2.5 Zusammenfassung 71
2.5.1 Merkmale von Erfahrungswissen 72
2.5.2 Eine Arbeitsdefinition zum Erfahrungswissen 74
3 Management von und für Wissen 76
3.1 Einführung zum Wissensmanagement 77
3.1.1 Resource-based View 78
3.1.2 Knowledge-based View 80
3.2 Entwicklungslinien und Ansätze im Wissensmanagement 84
3.2.1 Entwicklungsgeschichte von Wissensmanagement 84
3.2.2 Ansätze von Wissensmanagement 87
3.2.2.1 Generationen im Wissensmanagement 90
3.2.2.2 Ganzheitliche und problemorientierte Ansätze 92
3.2.2.3 Technik- und humanorientierte Ansätze 93
3.2.2.4 ‚Hard Track’ und ‚Soft Track’ Ansätze 96
3.3 Vom Wissensmanagement zum wissensorientierten Management 98
3.3.1 Neue Systematisierung von ganzheitlichem Wissensmanagement 98
3.3.2 Kritische Anmerkungen zum Managen von Wissen 105
3.3.3 Management von kontext- und personenabhängigem Erfahrungswissen 108
3.3.3.1 Umgang mit Expertise im Wissensmanagement 109
3.3.3.2 Vom exzessivem zum selektiven Wissensmanagement 114
3.3.4 Wissensorientiertes Management für Erfahrungswissen 116
3.4 Zusammenfassung und Fazit 120
4 Modell-theoretischer Ansatz für die Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen 122
4.1 Anforderungserhebung 123
4.1.1 Betrachtungsgegenstand Erfahrungswissen 124
4.1.2 Betrachtungsgegenstand Management von und für Wissen 126
4.2 Analyse etablierter Wissensmanagement-Modelle 128
4.2.1 Grazer Metamodell des Wissensmanagements 129
4.2.2 Theorie der Wissensschaffung im Unternehmen (SECI) 133
4.2.3 Ba-Konzept 137
4.2.4 Sense-Making-Model Cynefin 140
4.2.5 Kritische Würdigung und Implikationen 145
4.3 IDEA: Ein Modell zur Mobilisierung von Erfahrungswissen 153
4.3.1 Grundverständnis IDEA 153
4.3.1.1 Interaktion 155
4.3.1.2 Dokumentation 156
4.3.1.3 Evolution 157
4.3.1.4 Adoption 158
4.3.1.5 Gesamtkontext IDEA 159
4.3.2 Anwendungsszenario: Wissensmobilisierung durch IDEA 161
4.4 Zusammenfassung und Interpretation 166
5 Umsetzungskonzept 170
5.1 Voraussetzungen 171
5.1.1 Bisheriger Weg 171
5.1.2 Gestaltungskomponenten im OSTO Systemmodell 175
5.2 Social Software – Technische Dimension 179
5.2.1 Klassifizierung von Social Software 180
5.2.1.1 Social Software und Groupware 180
5.2.1.2 Akronym SLATES 182
5.2.1.3 Social Software Dreieck 183
5.2.2 Anwendungskategorie Wikis 184
5.2.2.1 Spezifika von Wikis 184
5.2.2.2 Wikis im wissensorientierten Management 185
5.2.3 Anwendungskategorie Weblogs 187
5.2.3.1 Spezifika von Weblogs 187
5.2.3.2 Weblogs im wissensorientierten Management 188
5.2.4 Anwendungskategorie Social Network Services 191
5.2.4.1 Spezifika von Social Network Services 191
5.2.4.2 Social Network Services im wissensorientierten Management 194
5.2.5 Wissenstransfer mit Social Software 196
5.3 Social Software - Soziokulturelle und organisationale Aspekte 198
5.3.1 Das Interaktionsstufen-Konzept aus der CSCW-Forschung 199
5.3.2 Web 2.0 – Prinzipien 202
5.3.3 Unternehmens- und Wissenskultur 208
5.3.4 Zwischenfazit 212
5.4 Enterprise 2.0 – eine Architektur zum Transfer von Erfahrungswissen 214
5.4.1 Enterprise 2.0 214
5.4.2 Enterprise 2.0-Architektur 217
5.4.2.1 Empirisch-qualitative Befragung zum Enterprise 2.0 218
5.4.2.1.1 Methodische Grundlagen 219
5.4.2.1.2 Planung und Durchführung der Delphi-Befragungen 221
5.4.2.1.3 Befragungsergebnisse 224
5.4.2.2 Gestaltungskomponenten, Einflussfaktoren und Herausforderungen im Enterprise 2.0 229
5.5 Zusammenfassung 236
6 Interpretation der Forschungsergebnisse und Ausblick 239
6.1 Würdigung der Ergebnisse 240
6.2 Anwendung der Enterprise 2.0-Organisationsarchitektur 247
6.3 Zukünftiges Forschungspotenzial 252
6.4 Schlusswort 256
Literatur VI
A. Anhang XXXII
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Complexity management in variant-rich product developmentVogel, Wolfgang 10 December 2019 (has links)
Complexity is the paradigm of the 21st century and has been discussed in several fields of research. During the last years, increasing complexity in manufacturing companies has been one of the biggest issues in science and practice. Companies in high-technology marketplaces are confronted with technology innovations, dynamic environmental conditions, changing customer requirements, globalization of markets and competitions, as well as market uncertainty, inducing an increasing amount of complexity. Manufacturing companies cannot escape these trends. In today’s highly competitive environment, it is fundamental for company’s success to develop and launch new products quickly and with customer’s individual settings to the market. The companies cope with these trends by developing new product variants, which lead to an increased complexity in the company and in product development. Complexity is influenced by internal and external sources of complexity, so-called complexity drivers. Complexity drivers have an influence on companies and the total value chain. Managing a system’s complexity requires an optimum fit between internal and external complexity. Identifying, analyzing and understanding complexity drivers is the first step for complexity management’s development and implementation. For managing and optimizing company’s complexity, a vast number of different single approaches is applied for different purposes. Complexity management is a strategic issue for companies to be competitive. The main important strategies for single approaches’ application are complexity reduction, mastering and avoidance. Complexity management requires approaches for complexity’s understanding, simplification, transformation and evaluation. A successful complexity management approach enables a balance between external market’s complexity and internal company’s complexity. The purpose of this dissertation is to close existing gaps in scientific literature by providing a complexity management in variant-rich product development. Therefor, a systematic literature review was performed regarding the issues ‘complexity drivers in manufacturing companies and along the value chain and their effects on company’s complexity’, ‘application of specific single approaches and their targeted strategy’, as well as ‘approaches for complexity management and especially for resource planning’. An empirical research was conducted to document the current state in the German manufacturing industry regarding the issues ‘complexity drivers in product development and their effects on company’s complexity’ and ‘application of specific single approaches for complexity management’. The empirical data was collected through questionnaires between 2015 and 2016. The empirical findings are compared with literature to identify commonalities and differences. Based on literature’s results, a new general approach for managing complexity in variant-rich product development was developed to bring the relevant steps for complexity handling in a sequence. In this approach, complexity in product development is systematically analyzed and evaluated to create conditions for target-oriented managing and controlling of complexity. Furthermore, the general complexity management approach is modified and structurally optimized to establish a target-oriented approach for resource planning in variant-rich product development. The new approaches are applied in the automotive industry to verify the results and approach’s applicability.
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Issues regarding sustainability of rural water supply in ZambiaMusonda, Kennedy 02 1900 (has links)
The purpose of this dissertation was to identify factors that contribute to the sustainability of rural water supply facilities (WSFs). Twenty-four interviews were conducted: 16 from rural communities and 8 from water supply agencies. Key findings are that in order to achieve sustainability of WSFs, there is need to ensure that (1) there is an effective community organisation; (2) communities have the ability to operate and maintain WSFs; (3) communities are able to raise adequate user fees for purchasing spare parts; and (4) that there is a strong backup support at the district level to carry out major repairs. Major threats to the sustainability of WSFs include high poverty levels in communities, weak institutional framework and inability of communities to handle major breakdowns. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Work)
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A security risk management approach to the prevention of theft of platinum group metals: case study of Impala Platinum Mines and RefineryMokhuane, Seadimo Joseph 02 1900 (has links)
Text in English / The purpose of this study was to establish the vulnerabilities of the security control measures that are being used at Impala Platinum mines and refinery to prevent the theft of Platinum Group Metals (PGMs). It is important to ensure that the security control measures in place are effective and efficient in preventing the occurrence of such theft.
The research examined the security risk management approach to the prevention of theft of PGMs and the causes of theft of PGMs by organised crime syndicates operating in South Africa and abroad.
The study found that Impala Platinum employees, in collusion with contractors and members of mine security services, are involved in the theft of PGMs.
To achieve the goals and objective of the research study, effective security control measures were identified that will help Impala Platinum mines and refinery to overcome the risks and challenges related to the theft of PGMs. / Security Risk Management / M. Tech. (Security Management)
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