The thesis is focused on improving project management in the environment of the company. In addition to the topic of project management the thesis focuses primarily on the theory of constraints and uses its tools, which help in finding and subsequent removing of the found problems in the system. The thesis has several objectives. The first goal is to provide a sufficient theoretical basis not only for project management, which is analyzed in the practical part, but also the theory of constraints and its tools. In the first part of the thesis is adequately explained the principle of the theory of constraints. There are also clear way described the tools for identification of key issues and proposals for their elimination. Second goal is to verify the theoretical tools described, based on the theory of constraints, in practical usage in the study of undesirable effects in the selected company. The third goal is to use tools of the theory of constraints and mapping the current status and the proposal to eliminate the problems found. These tools are the present reality tree, the evaporating clouds and the future reality tree. The outputs from this analysis are specific recommendations for improving project management within the company. The overall benefit is the practical application of the tools in practice and usage of the findings of this thesis for improving of the current situation. By application proposed conclusions of this thesis should be eliminated current problems and improve the performance of the company. With regard to sufficiently sophisticated theoretical part in project management, the theory of constraints and its tools, the thesis can be as a valuable guide to the improvement in other companies.

This thesis deals with the application of the methodology LEAN and TOC to solve the problem of low capacity of fabric cutting machine. The aim of the thesis is to apply LEAN and TOC methodology to propose solutions for continuous improvement of cutting process. To solve the problem itself is used mainly principle of five focusing steps, which is based on the theory of constraints and which is described in the theoretical part of the thesis. The theoretical part also introduces some methods and tools of lean management, which are already in place in the company BOS Automotive Products CZ, s.r.o, also their specific applications are demonstrated. During research was identified a potential source of continuous improvement. This source are data that constantly sends cutter during operation. In conclusion are summarized results and suggestions for improvement based on the used principles and recommendations for further improvement.

The aim of thesis is implemention the chosen techniques of lean management in the company named European Trailer Systems Ltd. based on the identification of bottlenecks. The theoretical part provides basic definitions of bottleneck, Theory of Constraints, Lean management and selected methods of lean management. The practical part begins with the company's European Trailer Systems s.r.o characteristic while describe the current situation. Furthermore, the practical part will focus on the identification of bottlenecks that occur in company European Trailer Systems Ltd. in the production process of sliding roofs, will be followed by a proposal to eliminate found bottlenecks with using methods of lean management and possibly their implementation.

O agronegócio brasileiro é responsável por uma parcela considerável da produção mundial de alimentos, sendo as frutas, especialmente as citrícolas, as que apresentam maior consumo. Neste contexto, as laranjeiras representam 55% da área cultivada de citros. O estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) é o sexto maior produtor nacional de laranja, onde é possível identificar na cadeia produtiva a presença de todos os elos, tais como fornecedores de insumos, produtores de mudas, produtores de frutas, indústrias de produção de suco, dentre outros. Muitos são os gargalos que impossibilitam uma coerência e estruturação na cadeia de produção dessa cultura já que a plantação é predominantemente familiar e desenvolvida em pequenas propriedades e o escoamento é feito em grande parte para os intermediários e não para a indústria. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as principais restrições existentes nos elos da cadeia produtiva da laranja no RS do ponto de vista dos “atores chave” através de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo exploratória descritiva. Os participantes, escolhidos por amostra não probabilística e por conveniência, foram "atores chave" do elo produtivo (produtores rurais), comercialização (intermediários) e processamento (indústrias) da cadeia produtiva da laranja. A coleta de dados foi realizada por entrevista semiestruturada nas propriedades rurais, em feiras hortícolas e nas indústrias processadoras. As entrevistas foram organizadas, analisadas e interpretadas com auxilio do software QDA Miner 4.0. Em conjunto com a análise interpretativa temática, o pesquisador valeu-se também da Teoria das Restrições. A possibilidade de pensar nos problemas de maneira lógica e sistêmica, no qual a teoria das restrições está baseada, reduz a necessidade de adivinhação na interpretação dos resultados, estabelecendo uma coerência no crescimento da cadeia, correlacionado os “atores chave” e identificando os entraves de maior impacto. Conclui-se através da caracterização dos “atores chave” a importância de cada um para a cadeia produtiva da laranja. A partir dos dados primários foram identificadas as restrições - Mercado, Logística, Capacitação e Incentivos Governamentais - que mais obstruem o crescimento na produção da fruta no RS e suas causas. Perceberam-se, também, semelhanças quanto às perspectivas dos “atores chave” na cadeia produtiva da laranja. Portanto, torna-se necessário integrar os atores - agricultores, intermediários, indústria, poder público, órgãos de extensão rural, universidades e centros de pesquisa, para que possam propor e executar ações concretas que venham a modificar o atual cenário da produção de laranja no RS. / Brazilian agribusiness is responsible for a considerable portion of the world food production, and fruits, specially citrus fruits, are those with the highest consumption. In this context, the orange is the main species in citrus culture, corresponding to 55% of the cultivated area. The state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) is the sixth largest producer of orange in Brazil, where is possible to identify in the productive chain the presence of all the links, such as input suppliers, seedling producers, fruit growers, industries of juices, among others. Many are the bottlenecks that preclude consistency and structuring of the orange supply chain, since the plantation is predominantly familiar and developed on small farms, and the flow is made largely for intermediates and not for the industry. The aim of this work was to identify the main restrictions in the production chain of orange in RS from the point of view of the "key players" by means of a qualitative descriptive exploratory research. The participants, selected by non-probabilistic sample and convenience, were "key players" of the productive link (farmers), marketing (intermediate) and processing (industries) of the production chain of orange. Data collection consisted of semi-structured interview conducted in farms, in horticultural fairs and industries. The interviews were organized, analyzed and interpreted with QDA Miner 4.0 software. Along with the thematic interpretive analysis, the researcher also made use of the Theory of Constraints. The possibility to think about the problems in a logical and systemic way, in which the theory of constraints is based, reduces the need for guesswork in result interpretation, establishing coherence in the chain growth, correlating the "key players" and identifying the obstacles of greater impact. We conclude that all the "key players" are of fundamental importance for the productive chain of orange in RS state and by primary and secondary data it was possible to characterize these actors. From the primary data the constraints - Market, Logistics, Training and Government Incentives - that most obstruct the growth in fruit production in RS state and their causes were identified. In light of these questionings, similarities regarding the perspectives of the "key players" in the orange production chain. Thus, it is necessary to involve the actors able to modify this setting - farmers, intermediaries, industry, government, agricultural extension agencies, universities and research centers, so they can propose and execute concrete actions that change the current scenario of the orange production in the state of RS.

A necessidade de melhorar a competitividade e de atingir metas e objetivos, dentro de uma empresa, faz com que estudos como este sejam, cada vez mais úteis. A eliminação de desperdícios é uma das principais atividades que contribuem para alcançar melhores resultados, pois além de proporcionar a redução no custo total de fabricação de peças e dos serviços prestados, eliminam também, atividades que não agregam valor ao produto, atividades estas, que os consumidores não estão dispostos a pagar. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar um estudo real da implantação de técnicas da Teoria das Restrições TOC, aliado a utilização da Mentalidade Enxuta Lean Manufacturing, como ferramentas para eliminação de desperdícios, aumento da produtividade e estabilidade do processo no departamento de Carrocerias de uma indústria automobilística. Num primeiro momento foi analisado o processo produtivo como: os índices da Eficiência Global dos Equipamentos (OEE), balanceamento de cargas de trabalhos e o layout fabril, onde se pode observar várias oportunidades de melhorias como: identificação dos gargalos que restringiam o fluxo produtivo; redução dos lotes de produção em processo; redução do takt time; alterações de layout e aumento da produtividade. A partir daí, foi possível aplicar ações para melhoria do desempenho do processo produtivo, tanto na implementação das ferramentas, como na melhoria contínua. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que a correta utilização das técnicas da Teoria das Restrições integradas aos conceitos do Lean Manufacturing, podem gerar ganhos substanciais em competitividade, inclusive com a superação das metas da organização, conforme foi verificado no presente estudo. / The need to improve competitiveness and achieve goals and objectives within a company, makes studies like this are increasingly useful. Waste disposal is one of the main activities that contribute to achieving better results, as well as providing a reduction in the total cost of manufacturing parts and services, also eliminate activities that do not add value to the product, these activities, which consumers are unwilling to pay. In this context, this paper aims to demonstrate an actual study deployment techniques Theory of Constraints `TOC, combined with the use of Lean Thinking `Lean Manufacturing as tools to eliminate waste, increase productivity and process stability Bodies department in an automobile. At first we analyzed the production process as indices of Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE), balancing workloads and factory layout, where you can observe several opportunities for improvements such as: identification of bottlenecks restricting the production flow; reduction of production batches in process, takt time reduction; layout changes and increased productivity. From there, it was possible to implement actions to improve the performance of the production process, both in the implementation of tools such as continuous improvement. The results showed that the use of correct techniques Theory of Constraints integrated the concepts of Lean Manufacturing can generate substantial gains in competitiveness, including overcoming the goals of the organization, as was found in this study.

Thinking exercises used in the Theory of Constraints (TOC) were used to find and remove constraints at the Merged Beams Experiment at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The goal of this project was to significantly reduce the amount of time used to take a certain type of measurement during an experimental cycle. After the TOC exercises were used, a basic plan for change was discovered. Preliminary data were taken to establish a baseline of performance from which changes were made. Post-Modification was analyzed showing the project was a success. The overlying reasoning for this exercise was to prove successfully that continuous improvement techniques used in the manufacturing industry can also be successful in a research environment. After overcoming the differences in the goals between each environment, it can be concluded that this reasoning is justified.

В современных реалиях компании все чаще обращают внимание на лучшие мировые практики в области производственного менеджмента и ищут источники для организации наиболее эффективных производственных систем. Одной из таких практик является внедрение инструментов Теории ограничений. Целью диссертационной работы является развитие методических и прикладных основ управления производительностью труда на основе Теории ограничений. По результатам работы был адаптирован для целей управления производительностью труда на промышленном предприятии общий алгоритм решения производственных проблем Теории ограничений («алгоритм пяти шагов»). Адаптированный алгоритм включает в себя: 1) формулировку принципов (теоретической рамки) решения проблемы низкого уровня производительности труда; 2) выделение четырех фаз процесса устранения проблемы низкой производительности труда; 3) реализацию 13 шагов устранения проблемы. Предложенный алгоритм развивает методические основы управления производительностью труда на основе Теории ограничений и способствуют повышению эффективности производственной деятельности предприятия. / In modern realities, companies are increasingly paying attention to the best world practices in the field of production management and are looking for sources to organize the most efficient production systems. One such practice is the implementation of the Theory of Constraints tools. The purpose of the dissertation is to develop the methodological and applied foundations of labor productivity management based on the Theory of Constraints. Based on the results of the work, a general algorithm for solving production problems of the Theory of Constraints (“five-step algorithm”) was adapted for the purposes of managing labor productivity at an industrial enterprise. The adapted algorithm includes: 1) the formulation of principles (theoretical framework) for solving the problem of low labor productivity; 2) allocation of four phases of the process of eliminating the problem of low labor productivity; 3) implementation of 13 troubleshooting steps. The proposed algorithm develops the methodological foundations of labor productivity management based on the Theory of Constraints and contributes to improving the efficiency of the enterprise's production activities.

The development of Supply Chain Management has occurred gradually over the latter half of the last century, and in this century will continue to evolve in response to the continual changes in the business environment. As organizations exhaust opportunities for internal breakthrough improvements, they will increasingly turn toward the supply chain for an additional source of untapped improvements. Manufacturers in particular can benefit from this increased focus on the chain, but the gains realized will vary by the type of supply chain. By applying basic production control principles to the chain, and effectively using tools already common at the production line level, organizations address important supply chain considerations. Both the Theory of Constraints and the factory physics principles behind the Constant WIP concepts focus on the system constraint with the aim of controlling inventory. Each can be extrapolated to focus on a system whose boundaries span the entire supply chain.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2016-11-10T11:48:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Willard Silva Ribeiro.pdf: 2550243 bytes, checksum: 6a14ee1c5b586e0f46c616a14e6fe721 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-10T11:48:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Willard Silva Ribeiro.pdf: 2550243 bytes, checksum: 6a14ee1c5b586e0f46c616a14e6fe721 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-12 / This work deals with the optimization of processes that result in improved financial and sales of telecommunications services in the State of Goiás through the analysis of undesirable effects (UDEs) systematized by the Theory of Constraints (TOC) combined with the use of data mining in fixed-line and mobile channels. In mobile phone retail channels, mass, own and franchise stores are analyzed. In the wireline phones segment we analyze authorized agent and door to door. The Analysis of Unwanted effects (UE) is systematized in cause and effect and uses the theory of constraints through the Current Reality Tree tool (CRT) to understand the root problem, which would be the unwanted effect feeding and causing other unwanted effects in the set of processes of each sales channel. The evaporation cloud diagram (ECD), which was used to break the assumptions that kept the active restriction and enabled the creation of the injection that would transform UDES in desired effects(DE). The negative branch reservation (NBR) to reduce the risk of application Injection avoiding the creation of new UDES. And the future reality tree (FRT) that shows the improved model of the future system. For the classification of business segments is used data mining, the J48 algorithm through the WEKA software. The results show that the data mining and the theory of the constraints provides a better understanding of the processes, a better understanding of the consumers behavior in each sales segment and improving sales. / Esta pesquisa diz respeito a melhoria de processos que resultam em aumento no volume de vendas de serviços de telecomunicações em duas concessionárias de telecomunicações no Estado de Goiás por meio da análise de efeitos indesejados (Undesirable Effects, UDEs) sistematizados através de Teoria das Restrições (Theory of Constraints, TOC) aliado ao uso de mineração de dados (Data Mining, DM) nos canais de vendas (Sales Channel, SC) de telefonia fixa e telefonia móvel entre os anos de 2013 a 2015. Na telefonia móvel são analisados os canais de varejo, canais de vendas em massa, lojas próprias e franquias. Na telefonia fixa são analisados o canal agente autorizado e canal porta a porta. A análise dos UDEs é sistematizada em causa e efeito e utiliza a TOC através da ferramenta Árvore de Realidade Atual (Current Reality Tree, CRT) para compreensão do problema raiz que seria o UDEs que alimenta e causa outros UDEs no conjunto de processos de cada SC. A causa raiz é submetida ao Diagrama de Evaporação de Nuvem (Evaporiting Cloud Diagram, ECD), que foi usado para quebra dos pressupostos que mantinham a restrição ativa e possibilitou a criação da injeção que transformaria UDEs em Efeitos Desejados (Desirable Effects, DEs). A injeção, que é uma sentença que representa uma ação desruptiva do que causava a restrição, foi testada por meio da ferramenta Reserva de Ramo Negativo (Negative Branch Reservation, NBR) para reduzir os riscos da aplicação da Injeção evitando a criação de novos UDES. UDEs foram transformados em DES por meio da injeção validada e sistematizados em causa e efeito com uso da Árvore de Realidade Futura (Future Reality Tree, FRT) que apresenta o modelo melhorado futuro do sistema. Para a classificação dos segmentos comerciais é usado DM com o algoritmo de classificação J48 por meio do software Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA). Os resultados mostram que a mineração de dados e a teoria das restrições oferecem uma melhor compreensão dos processos de vendas, melhor compreensão do comportamento de consumo em cada segmento comercial e por consequência a melhoria das vendas.

Para a condução de um estudo clínico hoje é necessária colaboração e participação de um diverso grupo de partes interessadas, incluindo patrocinadores do estudo, governo, agencias regulatórias, comitês de ética, pacientes, investigadores clínicos. Os centros de pesquisa clínica, local onde estudos clínicos são realizados, devem conseguir gerenciar tudo isso para que possam conduzir os estudos clínicos de forma a garantir a acurácia e qualidade dos dados, bem como a segurança dos sujeitos de pesquisa. Na busca da melhoria contínua do desempenho de uma organização, a Teoria das Restrições atua por meio de ações gerenciais sobre os gargalos, apresentando ferramentas que podem auxiliar na compreensão de um problema complexo, entre elas está a Árvore da Realidade Atual (ARA). É importante realizar um diagnóstico do ambiente interno da organização, sendo predecessor às mudanças e intervenções nas organizações de forma eficaz. O encontro de um problema leva a identificação de uma oportunidade de melhoria dos processos. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se a ARA pode auxiliar a gestão de uma unidade de pesquisa clínica, já que se trata de um problema complexo, apontando oportunidades de melhoria. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso na Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica (UPC) do HCFMRP-USP, sendo realizadas todas as etapas para construção da ARA. Como resultado, foi construída a ARA, sendo identificados 257 Efeitos Indesejáveis (EIs) e 04 causas raízes desses efeitos, que juntas constituem os problemas centrais do centro. Para cada uma das causas raízes foi proposto um plano de ação. Conclui-se que a utilização da ARA mostrou-se eficiente no âmbito de pesquisa clínica, uma vez que conseguiu sintetizar as principais oportunidades de melhoria de um centro de pesquisa, e direcionar os esforços dos gestores em ações específicas e estratégicas. / Cooperation among a diverse group of stakeholders, including: research, sponsors industry, academia, government, nonprofit organizations, clinical investigators, patients, physicians, and regulators is necessary in conducting a clinical trial today. The investigators and sites where clinical studies are conducted, should be able to manage it all those things, so they can conduct clinical studies to ensure the accuracy and quality of data as well the safety of research subjects. In pursuit of continuous improvement of an organization\'s performance, Theory of Constraints operates through management actions on bottlenecks, with tools that can assist in the understanding of a complex problem, among them is the Current Reality Tree (CRT). It is important to make a diagnosis of the organization\'s internal environment, and before the changes and effectively interventions in organizations. Finding a problem leads to the identification of an opportunity to improve process. The aim of this study is to verify if the Current Reality Tree can assist the management of a clinical research site, since it is a complex problem, pointing out opportunities for improvement. For this, we conducted a study case in the Clinical Research Unit (UPC) HCFMRP-USP, being applied all steps from CRT methodology. As a result, it was built ARA, identified 257 Undesirable Effects (EIs) and 04 root causes of these effects, which together are the core problems. For each of the root causes was proposed a plan of action. With this it has been concluded that the use of the ARA was efficient under clinical research, one could summarize the main opportunities for improvement of a site, and direct the efforts of managers in specific and strategic actions.