Orientador: Flavio Ailton Duque Zambrone / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T15:49:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tomazin_CybelleCristina_M.pdf: 1435877 bytes, checksum: 4d52e497e63de7cb489e954809b6af35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Ao longo da história foi necessária a criação de leis que estabelecessem regras de segurança ao uso de agrotóxicos a fim de se diminuir o impacto destes sobre o meio ambiente e a saúde dos trabalhadores rurais. Bula e rótulo são um exemplo disto e são as principais fontes de informação para o trabalhador rural, auxiliando na prevenção de acidentes e conseqüentemente intoxicações. Por isso o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi avaliar o nível de entendimento de meeiros de plantações de tomate estaqueado do município de Sumaré-SP acerca das informações de Primeiros Socorros que constam na bula/rótulo de agrotóxicos. O sexo predominante foi o masculino (73,75%). A maioria possuía ensino fundamental incompleto (75%). A média de idade encontrada foi 37,75 (DP = 11,32) e a média de anos de trabalho na lavoura foi de 17,06 (DP = 11,85). Os nomes dos agrotóxicos manipulados eram desconhecidos por 58,75% e apenas 32,5% já haviam lido bula/rótulo de agrotóxicos e, dentre aqueles que encontraram dificuldade na leitura, a presença de palavras difíceis (88,89%) foi o principal motivo na dificuldade. O entendimento correto das frases específicas de Primeiros Socorros independe do sexo e do tempo de trabalho em lavouras. Para a frase I, referente à ingestão, apenas 10% compreenderam seu sentido. Para a frase II, referente à exposição ocular, 25% não compreenderam seu sentido. Já para a frase III, referente à exposição cutânea, 41,25% compreenderam parcialmente seu sentido. Para a frase IV, referente à inalação, apenas 17,5% compreenderam seu sentido. Independente da frase específica, a maioria dos meeiros achou importante a presença de figuras para ajudar a compreendê-las, mas não conseguiram imaginar como poderiam ser essas figuras. O não conhecimento pelos sujeitos dessa pesquisa das orientações de Primeiros Socorros em caso de acidentes/intoxicações por agrotóxicos, e o não acesso dos meeiros a esses documentos, constituem grave problema de Saúde Pública e representa um grande desafio a ser transposto. A presença dessas informações em bula/rótulo de agrotóxicos não pode configurar apenas uma exigência legal, sobretudo deve educar e realmente orientar os trabalhadores rurais das ações a serem tomadas em caso de acidente/intoxicação a fim se de diminuir os danos à saúde da vítima. Este estudo pôde concluir que as bulas e rótulos de agrotóxicos devem ser simplificadas, contendo informações mais dirigidas e adaptadas ao público alvo / Abstract: Throughout history, the creation of laws establishing rules for safety and use of pesticides, such as the requirement for labels for their commercialization, was made necessary in order to reduce impact on environment and upon rural workers¿ health. Labels are the rural worker¿s main information source and can prevent accidents and consequently, intoxications. For this reason, the main objective of this work was to assess the level of comprehension of first aid information contained in agrochemical labels by tenant farmers working on trained tomato plantations in the municipality of Sumaré-SP. The male gender was predominant among the tenant farmers (73.75%). Most of them did not conclude elementary school (75%). The average age found was of 37.75; and 17.06 was the average years of work on plantations. The names of pesticides products handled by the workers were not familiar to 58.75%; and 67.5% mentioned that they did not read labels because they did not have access to these documents. The percentage of workers who had already read a label was of 32.5%, and the reason given by those who had trouble reading it, was that the text contained difficult words (88.89%). The correct understanding of first-aid specific phrases is not dependent on gender and the work time on plantations. Only 10% of the workers understood the meaning of phrase I regarding ingestion. The sense of phrase II regarding ocular exposure was not understood by 25%, while the sense of phrase III about skin exposure was partially understood by 41.25%. Phrase IV concerning inhalation was understood by 17.5%. Regardless of the specific phrase, the majority of the tenant farmers agreed that pictures were important to help them understand the information, but they could not figure out what these pictures should be like. The lack of knowledge of first-aid orientation by the subjects of this research and the inaccessibility to documents constitute a grave Public Health problem in case of accidents/intoxications caused by pesticides products, and represent a major challenge that must be overcome. The aim of this information on pesticides labels can not be solely to fulfill a legal demand, but above all, it must instruct and actually guide rural workers on the actions to be taken in case of accident/intoxication, so that risks to the victim¿s health are minimized. It can be concluded by this study that pesticides labels should be simplified and contain information aimed at and adapted to their target public / Mestrado / Epidemiologia / Mestre em Saude Coletiva

Title: The ability of the future elementary school teachers to provide the first aid to pupils at live-threatening conditions Summary: This thesis is focused on the ability of future elementary school teachers in providing first aid to pupils in a life-threatening conditions. The introduction describes the motivation that has led to this topic and follows the objectives set for this thesis. The theoretical part is dedicated to defining first aid, inclusion of this topic into the school documents and programs, as well as a brief specifics of a child of a younger school age from the perspective of providing first aid, describes how to contact emergency services and focuses on prevention. It describes the universal process of providing first aid in three steps and complements it with practical knowledge gained from experience with pupils of younger school age. The practical part deals with the ability of future teachers in first aid in life-threatening condition, verified by the survey. Further analyzes whether future teachers are able to react correctly in life- threatening situations of their pupils. In conclusion, there is a brief assessment of achieved goals and recommendations for further development in providing first aid. Keywords: first aid, teacher, pupil, elementary school, live-threatening conditions

The purpose of this study was to investigate how school principals understand HIV/AIDS and how their knowledge, attitude and interpretation filter in the implementation of the HIV policy in schools. The study comprises a literature review and empirical investigation. The results of this study can be used in planning and implementing HIV policy in schools. The data were collected by administering semi-structured interviews. Ten school principals from the Dennilton circuit in Southern Region of the Limpopo Province were interviewed. The results show that the majority of the principals involved in the study confirm that HIV/AIDS is an incurable disease caused by a virus and is mainly sexually transmitted. Some principals regard their school safe from HIV infection. Their assumption is based on the absence of HIV positive learners and educators in their schools. The principals are aware of the rights of HIV positive learners and educators. Significantly, the research findings indicate that the majority of schools lack educators with HIV/AIDS training, rules on safety precautions and first aid kits. It is recommended that ongoing HIV/AIDS training programmes be provided for educators to enable them to educate the youth on HIV/AIDS. Additionally, schools should focus on strategies to implement universal safety precautions against HIV transmission and to obtain first aid kits. Lastly, school principals should involve parents and other stakeholders in creating a positive school environment for HIV positive learners and educators. / Dissertation (MEd (Education Management))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

Background Mental health stigma-reducing and awareness trainings encourage trainees to talk about mental health with the hope that increased discussions will lead to reduced stigma and increased access to mental health services. This survey study aimed to examine the current levels of confidence among participants, or “first aiders” who completed the Youth Mental Health First Aid (YMHFA) training in their ability to demonstrate the skills that were taught in the training. Additionally, this study examined the difference in levels of confidence between the YMHFA instructors and first aiders in the ability of the first aiders to demonstrate the skills that were taught in the training. We examined differences in levels of confidence among first aiders according to their socio-demographic and personal characteristics. Finally, we explored the ways in which first aiders who completed the course used their knowledge and skills after the training. Methods Seven hundred fifty-seven first aider participants were surveyed post-training and 129 first aider participants were surveyed at follow-up. Fourteen YMHFA instructors were surveyed. Results The data indicated that there was a significant decrease in confidence among first aiders between post-training and follow-up. With the exception of age, there were no statistically significant differences in levels of confidence among first aiders according to the following sociodemographic and personal characteristics: a.) gender; b.) race; c.) reason for attendance; d.) role of use. Survey data also indicated the various ways in which first aiders are currently using their training. Conclusions First aiders’ confidence declined after follow-up even though they reported various ways in which they are using their training. Instructors reported positive perceptions of the training and reported a high level of confidence in the ability of their trained first aiders to demonstrate the taught skills.

Past research has shown a correlation between first-aid training and the reduction of injuries. This connection has been noted in off-the-job situations in addition to industrial studies. This project is an extension of those past findings with three notable differences: total population training was studied, as the intervention instead of just saturation treatment; attention was given to the effect that the half-life of training had upon injury reduction; and three randomly chosen small groups we're studied to determine short range effects. The theoretical bases from which the study hypothesis was developed originated in the Behavioral Science and Psychology literature. Discussions are developed around the mental structuring of accidental potential situations in the case of a person trained in first-aid principles. Behavior Modification was one of the principles of change that offered a.safer environment through first-aid training. Group contagion provided the setting for development of a safer place to work because of socialization to a "safe attitude." The intervention, American National Red Cross Standard Multimedia First-Aid Course, provided some of the mental developments toward modification of behavior. These were the modeling and rehearsal features of the course. A connection between group deviance and accident "proneness" led to a proposal that avoidance behavior was the resultant of the training.

This thesis engage in design of outdoor multifunctional madical box for vaccination. It´s a mobile rear specified firstly for humanitarian missions and for resolution of current inconvenient conditions. Its multifunctionality consist in a transport of necessary supply, in a possibility of siting of medics and pacients, in satisfactory stacking area and in possibility of networking. Many things are compact in this project. mobility with sufficiency of space, simplicity with variability, weight with stability as well as shaping with acceptable financial expenses.

Title: Experience and knowledge of primary schools teachers with diabetes mellitus Objectives: The main aim of my thesis was to find out what the experience and knowledge the teachers from selected primary schools have with diabetes mellitus. The research study focused on knowledge of causes, symptoms and first aid for acute complications. Methods: I used the method of an anonymous questionnaire, in the range of 30 closed questions, which was divided into 2 parts. The first part contained 14 survey questions and dealt with teachers' experience with diabetes. The second part consisted of 16 test questions and examined teachers' knowledge of diabetes mellitus. I carried out a research study which included 55 teachers from 2 primary schools in Písek. The survey was always conducted once in each school during a school meeting. Results: Based on the collected data, I found out that more than half of the respondents have had an experience with a diabetic student during their teaching career. Only some respondents had to provide first aid for acute complications caused by diabetes mellitus. The most common mistakes were made by participants when answering the test questions about symptoms and first aid for acute complications. More than a third of physical education teachers do not know the general...

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<p dir="ltr">With increasing frequency, American schools have been plagued with mass casualty events perpetrated by offenders using various types of firearms. In recent years, several studies have used AnyLogic®, an agent-based computer modeling software, to model some of these mass shooting events. More specifically, researchers have modeled mass shooting events and how changes in police response and victim response affect casualty rates in these scenarios. Another model has used the same agent-based software to model mass-casualty events of various venues. The model goes further by integrating what will be known throughout this paper as “the bleed-out model”. The bleed-out model uses known data from these mass casualty events to model types of injuries and their related probability of resulting in a fatality. The model also uses known data about traumatic wound interventions from mass casualty scenarios, as well as law enforcement and military applications, to model life-saving measures to counteract traumatic injuries and decrease the probability of a victim becoming a fatality. This research used AnyLogic® software to integrate agent-based school shooting models with an agent-based bleed-out model. Once combined, individual first aid kits (IFAKs) geared toward traumatic wound/hemorrhaging care were introduced into the environment and their placement was arranged in several different ways. AnyLogic® software and quantitative analysis were used to make recommendations about best practices for implementing IFAKS in schools. This research specifically examines whether the placement distance for IFAKS in schools during an active shooter incident could have a statistically significant impact on the survivability of active shooter victims. Different scenarios are assessed in the AnyLogic® model varying the placement of a fixed number of IFAKS throughout the school during an incident.</p>

To address the concern of school violence and mental health, the state of Florida implemented a statewide mandate requiring school personnel to be trained in strategies to identify and respond to the mental health needs of students. Existing research supports the effectiveness of Youth Mental Health First Aid (YMHFA), the training program selected by the Florida Department of Education to implement in public schools. To date, limited research has explored the implementation experiences of YMHFA trainers. This qualitative descriptive study explored trainers’ experiences implementing YMHFA within school settings. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 YMHFA trainers employed in Florida public schools to explore how individual characteristics and system and organizational level supports and resources influenced the implementation of YMHFA training. Member checking was conducted with 22% (or n =4) of participants to verify shared experiences and perspectives. Two overarching themes were identified using a deductive thematic analysis approach guided by the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) conceptual framework. In general, changes in the training certification process, lack of fidelity monitoring protocols, abrupt changes to training curriculum, limited guidelines on state mandate requirements, and the lack of communication, resources, and supports were perceived as barriers to implementation (Theme 1). Conversely, positive trainer attitudes, opportunities to practice skills learned, adequate resources, pro-mental health perceptions, and supportive working environments served as facilitators to YMHFA implementation (Theme 2). Study implications and future directions for research are discussed.