This research is designed to explore the ever-building international image of Taiwan by reviewing the news reports about Taiwan affairs from the American elitist publications. With the unprecedented advancement of communications and media developments, many people in the world has realized foreign affairs through media broadcasting. In the meantime, the perspectives about national images held by average people are greatly influenced by media reports, especially international news. The forming of Taiwan¡¦s image is no exception. Any piece of news about Taiwan has affected the projected image on the world stage one way or another. This study applies the methodology of content analysis to the news reports, letters, editorials and column reviews about Taiwan in the American elitist newspapers of The New York Times and The Washington Post, ranging from 1986 to 2005. The research acquires the samples form LEXIS-NEXIS database and analyzes the theme, main covered area, US-related content, independence-related content, leadership-related content, direction (strength) category and statement category from every sample. The researcher tries to investigate the distribution, important issues of different news themes, strength of content reports and the ever-constructing Taiwan international image. This research reveals: 1. In terms of themes and main covered area, nation-wide reports are the major. 2. In terms of US-related content, it is stressed on themes about foreign affairs, economy and trade, cross-strait relations and national defense technology. It shows these news themes are the very issues about Taiwan the US is most focused on. 3. In terms of Taiwanese leadership-related content, politics and cross-strait relations reports take up the most proportion. This shows political and cross-strait relations reports were what Taiwanese leaders were most involved during the two decades. 4. Among the themes of the news, neutral reporting is the major, positive reporting the second, negative the least. However, Constitution Reform in the politics category, Foreign Policies and Relations in the foreign affairs category, Literature, Art and Recreations in the education, science and culture categories mostly appear positive reporting. Only foreign spot news, society and laws, accidents and disasters are the few with more negative reporting than positive. Besides, in light of the quantitative ratio of news report samples, among all the news themes the most three categories are cross-strait relations, national defense and domestic politics. If we combine the small items broken down from the big categories, the category of cross-strait relations makes up the most proportion, followed by politics, foreign affairs, national defense and economy. The category of cross-strait relations totally takes up 38.09% and becomes the spotlighted issue of news reporting outstandingly. Finally, based on the sample statistics gathered from The New York Times and The Washington Post, the top five accumulated amounts of Taiwan news reports are 2000 (72 items), 2001 (45 items), 1996 (43 items), 1999 (41 items) and 2004 (35 items). 2000 tops the list of reporting on Taiwanese affairs; it¡¦s mainly because the second general election in Taiwan occurred on 2000. Chen Sui Bian and Liu Xiou Lien were elected as president and vice president. It was the first regime change ever in Taiwan¡¦s history and the DPP took the reins. On the other hand, the KMT was voted out of office for the first time and became the opposition, which attracted the international media and led to a significant increase on reporting. In addition, owing to the first regime change, the DPP that was generally perceived as pro-independence came into power and made China highly concerned, which contribute to the increase on news about cross-strait relations and policies, national defense and independence-related issues in this year.

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Almost 10 years after the attack on World Trade Center Sept. 11 2001, Osama bin Laden was shot and killed on May 2 2011 in Pakistan. How was this event framed by the media with regards to the global war on terror? This study compares two different American newspapers – the New York Times and the New York Daily News – and how they framed the war on terrorism in the Middle East from May 2 to May 15 2011. By analyzing the framing in a perspective of the four functions of framing theory: define problems, diagnose causes, make moral judgments and suggest remedies, we found considerable differences in each papers frames. Through a qualitative text analysis of the opinion pages in these two newspapers, using three themes as a base, we found a number of differences. While the New York Times contained a form of open discussion about problems and remedies, New York Daily News takes an emotional and moral approach. These differences in content may affect the opinions of the readers. We speculate that the more open and suggestive nature of the New York Times, also opens the minds of the readers enabling them to form opinions in a liberated sense. Thus the more closed, emotional and moral nature of the New York Daily News may have greater impact on an individual’s ability to form its own opinions and moral values.

Contemporary researches on news coverage of Persian Gulf Wars have shown many controversial results in examining how U.S. newspapers covered war events during the wartime. This study examined the coverage of Operation Iraqi Freedom by the newspapers of the United States, Britain, and Saudi Arabia.Three prominent newspapers, the New York Times, the Times of London and Arab News, were selected for content analysis of their coverage of Operation Iraqi Freedom between March 20 and May 1, 2003. The percentage breakdown of positive, negative and neutral paragraphs coded from composite two weeks of publications by all three newspapers was studied.The goal of the study was to determine if the coverage of the 2003 Iraq war by the New York Times and the Times of London were more favorable than that Arab News. The Arab News was used as a basis for comparison of American and British newspapers for this study.The results of the study showed that the three newspapers covered the Operation of Iraqi Freedom in a neutral manner.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306However, the Times of London treated the Iraq war coverage with more positive news rather than the New York Times and Arab News did, respectively. On the other hand, Arab News appeared to have devoted the lowest favorable news stories after the Times of London. / Department of Journalism

This study analyzed news coverage from the Indianapolis Star and The New York Times about the blockbuster drug Prozac® from the day it was approved on Dec. 29, 1987, until Dec. 31, 2006, to gain insights about whether the tone and prominence of news stories about Prozac changed over the duration of its 20 year lifecycle.A content analysis was used to evaluate whether stories were more favorable in tone during the first phase of Prozac's lifecycle, whether the tone of those stories became more negative as time passed, and, if it did, during which phase of Prozac's lifecycle that change in tone occurred.The findings from this study can assist public relations practitioners - particularly those who work in the pharmaceutical industry - in developing proactive and strategic media relations plans for consumer products such as prescription drugs and establishing more appropriate expectations and projected metrics. / Department of Journalism

This thesis examined the news coverage and editorial coverage the New York Times gave Susan B. Anthony’s participation in the women’s suffrage movement from the time Miss Anthony joined the movement in September 1852 until her death in March 1906. Using various books on Miss Anthony as well as the New York Times index, a chronological list of events and activities involving Miss Anthony’s participation in the woman’s suffrage movement was complied. Pages of the New York Times then were examined on the dates and near the dates of Miss Anthony’s activities to learn what coverage the newspaper had given her or the movement.The study showed that when the woman’s suffrage movement began in the early 1800s, women had few of the rights they enjoy today. Society of the time believed a woman’s place was in the home and that only man, as head of the household and chief breadwinner, should enjoy the right of suffrage. However, people who supported the woman’s suffrage movement believed women should enjoy the same employment opportunities and wages men of that day enjoyed and saw the ballot as the women could achieve those opportunities.Having shown the society of the early 1800s as well as the reasons for the woman's suffrage movement, the thesis focused on Miss Anthony's activities in the movement to show the coverage the New York Times gave her and the movement both news-wise and editorially throughout her life. The thesis found the New York Times covered her activities and those of the movement factually, based on the historical books written about her life and activities. However, the study found the newspaper's editorial opposition to the movement lacked the facts to support its emotional, and often illogical, feelings against the movement. Only when Miss Anthony was found guilty of voting did the New York Times stand on firm ground in opposition to her actions because it presented facts based on the United States Constitution to support its statements.The thesis concluded the New York Times reported its news stories factually and accurately, but used emotional appeals which lacked facts to support its opposition to the woman's suffrage movement. The thesis also concluded the New York Times reflected the society it served, a society that believed woman belonged in the home instead of out in a man's world, demanding the ballot in order to achieve equal rights with man.

Media framing research has examined how news stories are fashioned, and how audiences are affected by the shaping of news stories. Measuring for media frames, though, has varied in its definitions and measurement instruments.The present study applied attribution theory to the study of media framing in order to establish a reliable way to measure for frames of responsibility in The New York Times' coverage of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. A content analysis was conducted to determine what type of attributions the newspaper's sources used in the coverage.The findings suggest that The New York Times' coverage overwhelmingly blamed Iraq for the war and maintained a dominant frame of responsibility. Furthermore, support was found for the assertion that attribution theory applied to media framing research would create a meta-theory approach, thereby creating a consistent way to measure and identify frames of responsibility.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306 / Department of Journalism

Most Americans, whether consciously or unconsciously, associate certain defining traits with the contemporary American press: a broad definition of news, an emphasis on analysis, a skeptical tone, and adherence to a specific definition of objectivity. None of these elements characterized American newspapers in 1960, but all were firmly in place by 1980. Remaking the News examines how that remarkable transformation occurred, and how it influenced politics and society. While focusing mainly on two newspapers—The New York Times and the Los Angeles Times—it attempts to analyze the media business as a whole. Chapter 1 describes the rise of interpretive reporting. A response to competition from other news media and to the changing demographic profile of newspaper audiences and staffs, interpretation contributed to the disintegration of the Cold War consensus and to a reappraisal of American journalism’s bedrock principle, objectivity. As Chapters 2 and 3 show, objectivity came under attack simultaneously from the right and the left, launching a debate that has persisted to this day but that, paradoxically, reinforced most news-industry leaders’ faith in the ideal. Chapter 4 examines how newspapers began giving readers what they wanted to know, rather than telling them what (in the editors’ view) they needed to know. This resulted in a greater focus on soft news and service journalism, which helped validate a broader shift in the primary identity of the American public, from citizens to consumers. These changes occurred amid powerful political and social currents in the journalism profession and the country at large. Chapter 5 describes how challenges from minorities and women forced the press to adjust its discriminatory employment practices as well as its dismissive treatment of women and non-whites in news coverage. The social movements and political turbulence of the late 60s and early 70s also led journalists to take a more adversarial approach to news subjects, as Chapter 6 discusses. In addition to providing a novel interpretation of how the press assumed its contemporary form, this dissertation suggests that the evolution of American politics and society since 1960 cannot be understood without considering the evolution of journalism from 1960-1980. / 2018-08-11T00:00:00Z

This research paper studied the first two weeks after President Donald Trump allegedly called African countries “shithole countries” in a bi-partisan meeting on immigration. It explored the frames and emerging themes used by the media when covering the incident and the surrounding issues. Using the framing theory as a theoretical framework, the study examined the six identified news frames through qualitative content analysis. The six frames used in the coverage of the “shithole countries” incident are racial, conflict, consequences, morality, human interest, and policy. The study examined articles from four news sources that lean liberal, conservative, central-liberal, and central conservative. The study indicated that the four news sources all used five of the six frames, as the Wall Street Journal did not use the morality frame at all. The most used frame was the human interest frame, followed by conflict and consequences. The New York Times and the Wall Street Journal used the conflict frame the most. And CNN and FOX used the consequences frame the most.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T23:33:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoGilbertoNevesSaraiva_DISSERT.pdf: 8656339 bytes, checksum: 40bfef11e570eecbeb7f00ac6c6cb42e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-26T19:43:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoGilbertoNevesSaraiva_DISSERT.pdf: 8656339 bytes, checksum: 40bfef11e570eecbeb7f00ac6c6cb42e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T19:43:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoGilbertoNevesSaraiva_DISSERT.pdf: 8656339 bytes, checksum: 40bfef11e570eecbeb7f00ac6c6cb42e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / O Nordeste brasileiro foi um tema constante para os jornalistas de um dos principais ve?culos de imprensa do mundo ? o The New York Times ? entre 1933 e 1945. Nesse recorte, o governo dos Estados Unidos implementou uma nova pol?tica externa para a Am?rica Latina ? conhecida como Pol?tica de Boa Vizinhan?a. Ela pregava, entre outros pontos, mais respeito e aten??o para os pa?ses ao sul das suas fronteiras. Dada sua import?ncia geoestrat?gica, o Brasil foi um dos pa?ses que mais recebeu aten??o do corpo burocr?tico e imprensa estadunidense. Esta pesquisa investiga as m?ltiplas representa??es do Nordeste formuladas nas p?ginas do di?rio nova-iorquino nesse momento em que os holofotes estadunidenses estiveram sobre a regi?o. Este trabalho delineia aproxima??es e distanciamentos entre o NYT, a imprensa e os governos dos Estados Unidos e do Brasil a partir das formas de se conceber essa parte espec?fica do seu territ?rio brasileiro. Por meio da an?lise de textos, fotografias e mapas, essa disserta??o se dedica a estabelecer conex?es entre espa?os, jornais e pol?tica dos anos 1930 e 1940. Nessas d?cadas houveram relevantes transforma??es no cen?rio pol?tico de ambos os pa?ses que permearam as not?cias, reportagens e artigos do jornal. Conjunturas como as insurrei??es armadas de 1935 ? conhecidas como Intentona Comunista -, a instala??o e funcionamento do Estado Novo, e especialmente, a participa??o brasileira e norte-americana na Segunda Guerra e as negocia??es bilaterais em torno da instala??o de bases estadunidenses no Brasil foram cardeais para as distintas imagens do Nordeste que circularam na publica??o. A regi?o foi reiteradamente tema do correspondente do di?rio nova-iorquino no Brasil, Frank M. Garcia, mas tamb?m esteve presente nas mat?rias de profissionais respons?veis por se??es variadas: resenha de livros, editorial, turismo, assuntos exteriores, etc. Ao longo do recorte temporal investigado, as vis?es da regi?o formuladas nas mat?rias publicadas no jornal sofreram metamorfoses profundas que tamb?m foram identificadas e analisadas. Do Nordeste da estiagem, fome e morte recorrente na literatura brasileira de ent?o a ponto mais perigoso para a defesa hemisf?rica, passando com representa??es do Oeste norte-americano sem lei do s?culo XIX e as da Am?rica Latina demarcada pelo dom?nio da natureza ex?tica e da estagna??o, um espa?o para ser transformado pelo conhecimento t?cnico norte-americano. / The Brazilian Northeast has been a constant subject for journalists of one of the world's leading media companies - The New York Times - between 1933 and 1945. This time, the US government implemented a new foreign policy for Latin America - known as the Good Neighbor Policy. It preached, various points including more respect and attention to the countries south of U.S. borders. Because of her geostrategic importance, Brazil was one of the countries that received the most attention of the bureaucracy and American press. This study investigates the multiple Northeast representations formulated in The New York Times' pages when the Americans were spotlight is on the region. It delineates similarities and differences between the NYT, the press and the governments of the United States and Brazil from the ways of conceiving this particular part of Brazil. Through the analysis of texts, photographs and maps, it is dedicated to establish connections between spaces, press and politics of the 1930s and 1940s. These decades there were relevant changes in the political landscape of both countries that permeated the news, reports and articles of NYT. Circumstances such as the 1935 armed uprisings - known as Communist Conspiracy - the installation and operation of the New State, and especially the Brazilian and US participation in World War II and the bilateral negotiations on the installation of US bases in Brazil were cardinal for the various Northeast images that circulated in the publication. The region was repeatedly subject of correspondent of the New York newspaper in Brazil, Frank M. Garcia, but also present on matters of professionals responsible for various sections: review of books, publishing, tourism, foreign affairs, etc. Along the investigated period, the visions of the region made in the articles published in the newspaper that suffered major metamorphoses. Starting with Northeast of the drought, famine and death recurrent in Brazilian literature to the most dangerous point for hemispheric defense, passing through representations of the American West lawless nineteenth century and the Latin America marked by the dominance of exotic nature and stagnation, a space to be transformed by the US technical knowledge.