La désinstitutionnalisation des personnes aux prises avec des troubles de santé mentale dans les années 60 au Canada a eu comme conséquences de rendre ces personnes plus susceptibles de se retrouver à la rue faute de services et leurs contacts avec les autorités policières ont augmenté. Face à la surreprésentation de personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux dans le système de justice et la reconnaissance que le système de justice traditionnel n’est pas adapté pour ce type d’accusés, des tribunaux de santé mentale (TSM) commencent alors à émerger. Au Québec, le premier TSM à voir le jour est le Programme d’accompagnement justice et santé mentale (PAJ-SM) à la Cour municipale de Montréal en 2008. Des questions résident autour de l’efficacité de ces tribunaux dont l’achèvement aurait pour effet de réduire le risque de récidive des accusés. Le principal objectif de cette étude est de comprendre le lien entre les principes de la justice thérapeutique (JT) et l’achèvement des PAJ-SM. Pour ce faire, les données ont été collectées à partir de 516 dossiers de procureurs dans six PAJ-SM différents. Des dimensions importantes de la JT souvent exclues d’autres études telles que les équipes multidisciplinaires, le fonctionnement du tribunal et les traitements ou services reçus par l’accusé ont été mesurées avec une régression logistique et des arbres décisionnels tout en tenant compte des caractéristiques des participants et des programmes qui peuvent influencer l’achèvement comme les données sociodémographiques, les diagnostics, les infractions, l’imposition de conditions de la cour et les évènements de vie qui ponctuent la trajectoire judiciaire des participants. Les résultats des analyses de la régression logistique et des arbres décisionnels indiquent que les participants qui utilisent des services médicaux ou psychosociaux, des services de la vie quotidienne et des services spécialisés, lors que leur participation au PAJ-SM, ont de plus grandes probabilités de compléter le programme. Aussi, ils ont de plus grandes probabilités de compléter le PAJ-SM, s’ils ont dans leur plan d’action l’objectif d’arrêter ou de diminuer leur consommation de substance et qu’ils ont de plus longs délais entre leurs audiences. / The deinstitutionalization of people with mental health problems in the 1960s in Canada made these people more likely to end up on the streets due to lack of services and their contact with the police authorities increased. Faced with the overrepresentation of people with mental disorders in the justice system and the recognition that the traditional justice system is not suitable for this type of defendant, mental health courts (MHC) then began to emerge. In Quebec, the first MHC to be created was the Programme d’accompagnement justice et santé mentale (PAJ-SM) at the Municipal Court of Montreal in 2008. Questions reside around the efficiency of its courts, the completion of which would reduce the risk of recidivism of the accused. The main objective of this study is to understand the relationship between the principles of therapeutic justice (TJ) and the completion of PAJ-SM. To this end, data were collected from 516 prosecutors’ files in six different PAJ-SM. Important dimensions of TJ often excluded from other studies, such as multidisciplinary teams, court functioning and treatments or services received by the accused, were measured with logistic regression and decision trees, while taking into account participant and program characteristics that may influence completion, such as sociodemographics, diagnoses, offenses, imposition of court conditions and life events that punctuate participants' judicial trajectory. The results of the logistic regression and decision tree analyses indicate that participants who use medical, psychosocial, daily living and specialized services during their participation in the PAJ-SM have a higher probability of completing the program. They are also more likely to complete the PAJ-SM if their action plan includes the objective of stopping or reducing their substance use, and if they have a longer delay between hearings.

Employing decolonized, Indigenous research methods, the author considers Métis Beadwork Practice through the analytical lens of Therapeutic Jurisprudence and establishes the practice as a holistic Indigenous Legal Pedagogy for knowledge creation and mobilization in legal education. The author agrees with Drs. Friedland and Napoleon who suggest that a significant challenge in and to Indigenous legal research is that such research occupies a space of “deep absence,” with the starting line moved back as a consequence of colonialism. Building on the work of Dr. Shawn Wilson, the author espouses an Indigenous Research Paradigm which requires a prioritization of the relationship to the ideas and making space for non-linear logic systems and Indigenous ways of knowing in scholarly research. In her work, the author prioritizes synthesis over deconstruction on the belief that deconstructing relationships to ideas for the purpose of analyzing them would have the effect of damaging the cognitive and emotional relationships developed through the research ceremony. While the work embodies the four essential elements of autoethnography, the author argues that the work of Indigenous scholars speaking in their own voices is sui generis in nature. She argues that Indigenous scholars who employ storytelling and other culturally-relevant knowledge mobilization practices are engaging a distinct Indigenous Research Method. This work ultimately progresses in a non-linear fashion and incorporates extra-intellectual knowledge including poetry, music, and photography. The use of multiple fonts and other formatting devices including right justification are used to underline shifts in voice and perspective throughout the work. These pedagogical choices valourize the ways of knowing of Indigenous women and honour the author’s Métis worldview, including her understanding that all things are interrelated. The author examines, and ultimately eschews, notions of neutral objectivity in research as colonial constructs that undermine Indigenous Knowledge Systems and contribute to the ongoing colonization of Indigenous peoples in post-secondary education. Following an introduction to the legal and social history of Forced Assimilative Education of Indigenous Peoples in Canada, the author reviews recent research into ongoing colonialism, racism, and ethno-stress experienced by Indigenous Learners in post-secondary education. The ii author subsequently explores the specific concern of the subjugation and erasure of Indigenous women’s knowledge in academia. She conducts a review of existing literature in the sphere of Feminist Legal Theory, examining and ultimately rejecting intersectionality and conceptualizations of sisterhood as possible remedies to discrimination faced by Indigenous women legal scholars. She argues that the lived experience of Indigenous women is situated not at an intersection, but rather in the centre of a colonialism collision. As a consequence, the author argues that existing Feminist Legal Theory does not create adequate space for Indigenous difference, experiences, or worldviews. Offering insight into legal education, legal ethics, and professionalization processes, the author also explores questions of lived experience of Indigenous lawyers beyond the legal academy. She argues that learning the language of law is but the first element in a complex professionalization process that engages structures of patriarchal hierarchy in addition to the other forces, including colonialism and racism, that shape the legal profession. She further argues that, for Indigenous peoples, learning to speak the linear, official language of legal education represents a collision of even more complex systems of dominance, with the regulated approach to learning and problem-solving standing in direct opposition to Indigenous ways of knowing. Consequently, Indigenous law Learners frequently experience an intellectual rupture when engaging in the professional assimilation process. The author offers an overview of Calls to Action 27, 28, 42, and 50 of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada and an introductory environmental scan of ongoing efforts to decolonize and indigenize law schools including land-based learning and the development of Indigenous Course Requirements (ICRs). The author subsequently considers the process of decolonizing the legal academy through the analytical lenses of Therapeutic Jurisprudence and Therapeutic Jurisprudence+. She ultimately positions the act of decolonizing legal education as an act grounded in decolonial love with the potential for healing individuals and communities struggling with ongoing colonialism and racism in the academy. Building on the work of the late Professor Patricia Monture-Angus and contemporary Indigenous legal scholars including Drs. Tracey Lindberg, Darcy Lindberg, Val Napoleon, and John Burrows, the author considers possibilities for reimaging legal education through the development and use of Indigenous Legal Pedagogies. The author argues that Beadwork Practice holds a distinctive language of possibility as an Indigenous Legal Pedagogical practice as a result of deeply entrenched links between beads and law. The author explores the social and legal history of beads as a tool for legal knowledge production and mobilization in the context of wampum belts and beyond, including the use of Métis beadwork as a mnemonic device to facilitate intergenerational knowledge transfer of stories and songs that carry law. Further, she examines colonial law and policy that served to undermine the legal value of beads, and canvases emerging trends in the revitalization of community beadwork practice. Finally, the author positions Beadwork Practice as a holistic Indigenous Legal Pedagogy to support not only the revitalization of Indigenous Legal Orders and the development of cross-cultural competency as required under Calls to Action 27 and 28, but also therapeutic objectives of individual and community healing.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:47:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SARAH LAMARCK.pdf: 7375977 bytes, checksum: d0eca22151d3c10c015d79484d56f989 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-16 / Current trends in criminal law propose replacing the deprivation of liberty for alternative sentences, focusing on education and prevention, particularly for illicit less offensive potential, given the high costs and damages arising from the prison to the individual and the community. It is proposed to analyze the criminal alternative used by Goiás Judiciary to replace the prison sentence for cases of individuals in conflict with the law, for unlawful conduct associated with problem drug use or under the influence of these, focusing on the Justice Programme Therapy adopted in Goiânia County. Through literature, with study of foreign and national literature, this last little, in addition to legislation, official documents and using qualitative and quantitative methodology, we proceeded to the analysis of the data, for the period 2010 to 2013. The study recovered the history of prohibition in the world and in Brazil, legislation influenced, and the essential concepts for understanding the action of the drug and its relationship to crime. The history of Therapeutic Jurisprudence were raised, of foreign origin, and national experience with theoretical support in Wexler and Winick (2002), Lima (2009) and Fensteseifer (2009). It appears that the criticism that the Therapeutic Justice homeland receives are unjustified because it differs from the American and Canadian model. The analysis of the experimental data in Goiânia-GO concluded that 43.60 % of the participants completed the program with an average duration of 12 months and 85.1 % of the participants had no involvement in criminal proceedings as defendants in the region, similar to the results International, showing that it is an effective alternative to criminal probation and reduction of recidivism. / As tendências atuais no Direito Penal propõem a substituição da pena privativa de liberdade por penas alternativas, com foco na educação e prevenção, principalmente em ilícitos de menos potencial ofensivo, face os elevados custos e danos oriundos do cárcere para o indivíduo e a comunidade. Propõe-se analisar a alternativa penal utilizada pelo Poder Judiciário de Goiás em substituição a pena de prisão para os casos de sujeitos em conflitos com a lei, por conduta ilícita associada ao consumo problemático de drogas ou sob a influência destas, focalizando o Programa Justiça Terapêutica adotado na Comarca de Goiânia. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, com estudo da literatura estrangeira e nacional, esta última escassa, além da legislação, documentos oficiais e utilizando metodologia quali-quantitativa, procedeu- se a análise dos dados obtidos, referente ao período de 2010 a 2013. O estudo recuperou a história do proibicionismo no mundo e no Brasil, a legislação que influenciou, e os conceitos essenciais para compreensão da ação das drogas e sua relação com criminalidade. Foram levantados os antecedentes da Therapeutic Jurisprudence, de origem estrangeira, e sua experiência nacional, com aporte teórico em Wexler e Winick (2002), Lima (2009) e Fensterseifer (2009). Constata-se que as críticas que a Justiça Terapêutica pátria recebe não se justificam porque difere do modelo americano e canadense. A análise dos dados da experiência na cidade de Goiânia-GO concluiu que 43,60% dos participantes concluíram o programa com duração média de 12 meses e 85,1% dos concluintes não tiveram envolvimento em ações penais como acusados na comarca, semelhantes aos resultados internacionais, mostrando que é uma alternativa penal eficaz para reinserção social e redução da reincidência penal.