The goal of the thesis is to create a project documentation for implementation of the energetic virtual block to regulate the consumption of electric energy. Methods of project managment (IMPA) were used to create the project documentation.

This master’s thesis describes the use of project management for a design and implementation of the project to create web portal for event team of the company UNIFER o.p.s. The thesis descibes in detail the pre-project, project and post-project phase according to project management methods.

Målen med denna studie är att implementera en testmiljö för streaming telemetry samt jämföra två alternativ för att möjliggöra realtidsanalys av det insamlade datat. Dessa två alternativ är Python-biblioteken PyKafka och Confluent-Kafka-Python. Bedömningskritierna för jämförselsen var dokumentation, kodmängd och minnesanvändning. Testmiljön för streaming telemetry använder en router med Cisco IOS XR programvara som skickar data till en Cisco Pipeline collector, som vidare sänder datat till ett Kafka-kluster. Jämförelsen av Python-biblioteken utfördes med språket Python. Resultaten av jämförelsen visade att båda biblioteken hade välskriven dokumentation och liten skillnad i kodmängd, dock använde Confluent-Kafka-Python mindre minne. Studien visar att streaming telemetry med realtidsanalys kan fungera bra som ett komplement till eller en ersättning av SNMP. Studien rekommenderar användning av Confluent-Kafka-Python för implementering i produktionsmiljöer med ett stort antal nätverksenheter med tanke på den lägre minnesanvändningen. / The goals of this study are to implement a test environment for streaming telemetry and compare two alternatives for analysing the collected data in realtime. The two alternatives are the Python libraries PyKafka and Confluent-Kafka-Python. The comparison focused mainly on three areas, these being documentation, amount of code and memory usage. The test environment for streaming telemetry was set up with a router running IOS XR software that is sending data to a Cisco Pipeline collector, which in turn sends data to a Kafka-cluster. The comparison of the two libraries for interfacing with the cluster was made with the language Python. The results of the comparison showed that both libraries had well-written documentation and showed a negligible difference in amount of code. The memory usage was considerably lower with the Confluent-Kafka-Python library. The study shows that streaming telemetry together with real-time analysis makes a good complement to or a replacement of SNMP. The study further recommends the use of Confluent-Kafka-Python in real-world implementations of streaming telemetry, particularly in large networks with a large amount of devices.

Ultra-thin films (UTFs) are important in many applications, seen in the semiconductor industry, in chromatography, in sensing, in microfluidics, in aerospace, and in robotics. They also protect materials from corrosion, change surface energies, limit water intrusion into materials, allow material self-cleaning and self-healing, provide scratch resistance, and impart other specific chemical properties. In many cases, UTFs drastically alter surface properties and therefore their applications. It is imperative that proper and consistent characterization be performed on coatings to confirm and understand their desired properties. In Chapter two, Al oxidation under MgF2 protective layers is studied using real time X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). These tools allowed me to monitor Al oxidation for both short (hours) and long (months) periods of time. XPS revealed the chemical changes that took place in these materials as a function of time, and these changes were verified with SE. These studies help increase an understanding of aluminum changes under MgF2 protective layers. The third chapter demonstrates ab initio calculations guided X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of surfaces functionalized with fluorinated silanes. This study addresses deficiencies in the literature where CF2:CF3 ratios from experimental XPS data do not match theoretical CF2:CF3 ratios. In a systematic approach, I developed semi-empirical models directed both by ab initio calculations and adjustable, empirical parameters. These models were effective in describing the raw data and exceeded fitting methods used in literature. In Chapter four, SiO2 UTFs with variable thicknesses deposited on Eagle XG® glass substrates are characterized. Challenges associated with this work consisted of similar optical functions of the film and substrate as well as backside reflections from the substrate. These obstacles were met using a multi-sample analysis (MSA), a variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometric approach, and mechanical abrasion/roughening of the substrate backside. With these approaches, I developed a model that precisely fit the data collected from all the samples and gave the correct optical function of the material along with thickness values for each film. Surface characterization represents a commitment of resources. It takes time to make measurements, and it takes time to analyze and understand the results. As presented in this work, I increase understanding of ultra-thin films at interfaces using both a multi-tool approach as well as using multiple analytical methods on data collected from each tool.

Goal number 12 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by the United Nations (UN)emphasises on how the increase in the world population is hampering the achievement ofenvironmental sustainability. The diminishing resources of nature draw attention to the factthat more innovative methods need to salvage the environment and the planet at large.Textiles or clothing are one of the essential things that every human owns and with a globalpopulation of over 7 billion, there is an urgency to find ways to reduce its production, due tothe number of resources used and the amount of emissions the textile/clothing industryproduces.The Swedish Red Cross is a charitable organisation that deals with second-hand clothing toraise profits for its activities while contributing to environmental sustainability. Their secondhandretail shops give customers value for their money while extending the lifecycle of clothes.Due to their non-profitable nature puts much pressure on their finances. The need for revenuecalls for finding more environmentally sustainable ways of making a profit out of the clothesthey receive while evaluating the transportation options to reduce cost.Literature review and route optimisation in ArcGIS are used in the analysis. Driving timeanalysis is carried out to link stores to the closest depots to provide graphical and efficientmeans of reaching all the stores. The review of literature offers insights for environmentallysustainable ways of making a profit from second-hand clothes.The outcome provides results which will help generate more profit as well as cut down themajor contributor to the high transportation cost by more than 50%. Moreover, a suggestion ismade for a new time frame and a new travel mode to improve the coordination between thestores and the depots

A ship’s communication system serves as a vital infrastructure to host real-time applications,facilitating the transmission of crucial data, including sensor readings and control commands. Theexpansive dimensions of a ship necessitate a complex network of cables in an analogue hardwiredsetup, stretching from the bridge to the machinery. However, this reliance on multiple cables introduces logistical challenges and vulnerabilities within the system architecture. This thesis establishesa systematic approach for transitioning ship control systems from traditional analogue hardwiredconfigurations to more efficient Controller Area Network (CAN) bus-based systems. CAN is amulti-master communication protocol that enables multiple controllers to communicate with eachother without a host computer, making it particularly suitable for complex environments. While alternative networking options such as Ethernet or wireless networks are available, CAN emerges as acost-effective and robust communication solution suited for maritime environments. The transitionto CAN-based systems not only prolongs the ship’s operational lifespan but can also enhance fuelefficiency and reduce environmental impact. Ensuring a seamless transition requires careful consideration of safety and functionality equivalent to legacy systems. Extensive research into suitablecommunication buses, CAN protocols, and scheduling algorithms is essential. By exploring Controller Area Network with Flexible Data-Rate (CAN FD) as a complement to CAN 2.0, the tool offersmultiple solutions, with the optimal choice contingent upon various parameters. A comprehensive tool has been developed to facilitate the safe migration from hardwired systems to CAN-basedsolutions. This tool enables the mapping of signals to messages, priority assignment using various algorithms, including Audsley’s optimal priority assignment algorithm, and real-time analysis.This work will assist in the transition by presenting diverse solutions, clearly outlining deadlines,identifying potential misses, and recommending the most effective combination of methods.

Dans cette thèse, nous étudions empiriquement les liens de causalité, au sens de Granger, entre le développement financier et la croissance économique dans le cadre de l'UEMOA et de la CEDEAO. La plupart des études dans ce domaine sont réalisées dans les domaine temporel. Ici, nous associons les domaines temporel et fréquentiel par l'utilisation de modèles multivectoriels autorégressifs. Pour ce faire, nous utilisons la méthode de décomposition de Geweke (1982, 1984) améliorée par Chen et al. (2008) afin d'obtenir, en plus des relations causales temporelles et fréquentielles, les causalités instantanées et la dépendance. Cette thèse apporte aussi une contribution théorique en proposant une méthode de calcul des p-values plus adaptée aux échantillons de petite taille. Les applications portent d'abord sur les relations causales entre finance et croissance dans les domaines temporel et spectral. Ensuite, nous examinons l'influence de l'inflation sur ces relations. Enfin, nous étudions les relations causales entre croissance et Investissements Directs Etrangers (IDE) conditionnellement au développement financier et à l'ouverture économique. / The framework of Geweke (1982, 1984) improved by Chen et al. (2008)is used in this thesis to conduct Granger causality between finance and growth in the context of West Africa. We adopt the time - and frequency- approaches to bring out instantaneous causality and dependence by employing vector autoregressive models. In this work, we propose p-values computations more suitable for small sample size. Empirical investigations examine, successively, causal links between finance and growth, the impact of inflation on these links, and the conditional relationships between growth and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to financial development and economic openness.

Master thesis describes the design of the project of a new service creation for the com-pany, which is engaged in offering services through active telemarketing. The method-ology of project management is used in the thesis.

<p>This study has been carried out in cooperation with Unilever and partly with the EC founded project, Smartdoc IST-2000-28137. </p><p>In areas of statistics and image processing, both the amount of data and the dimensions are increasing rapidly and an interactive visualization tool that lets the user perform real-time analysis can save valuable time. Real-time cropping and drill-down considerably facilitate the analysis process and yield more accurate decisions. </p><p>In the Smartdoc project, there has been a request for a component used for smart filtering in multidimensional data sets. As the Smartdoc project aims to develop smart, interactive components to be used on low-end systems, the implementation of the self-organizing map algorithm proposes which dimensions to visualize. </p><p>Together with Dr. Robert Treloar at Unilever, the SOM Visualizer - an application for interactive visualization and analysis of multidimensional data - has been developed. The analytical part of the application is based on Kohonen’s self-organizing map algorithm. In cooperation with the Smartdoc project, a component has been developed that is used for smart filtering in multidimensional data sets. Microsoft Visual Basic and components from the graphics library AVS OpenViz are used as development tools.</p>

<p>The increasing complexity in the development of a configurable real-time system has emerged new principles of software techniques, such as aspect-oriented software development and component-based software development. These techniques allow encapsulation of the system's crosscutting concerns and increase the modularity of the software. The properties of a component that influences the systems performance or semantics are specified separately in entities called aspects, while basic functionality of the property still remains in the component. </p><p>When building a real-time system, different sets of configurations of aspects and components can be combined, resulting in different configurations of the system. The temporal behavior of the system changes and a way to ensure the predictability of the system is needed. </p><p>This thesis presents a tool for aspect-level worst-case execution time analysis, which gives a priori information about the temporal behavior of the system, before the process of composing aspects with components.</p>