Theis (M.A. ) --University of the North, 1999 / Refer to document

Thesis (M .A. (African Languages)) -- University of Limpopo, 2014 / This research “Nxopaxopo wa tinsimu ta vanhwanyana va xikhale va Vatsonga wu kongomisa eka manghenelo, xitatimendhe xa xipiqo, xikongomelo, nkoka wa maendlelo ni tinhlamuselo ta matheme lama nga tirhisiwa” deals with path which was paved by young girls of the older generations before married. In our discussion in this research I will touch some few things about their songs like the teaching of the nation, good behaviour for themselves even as adults and culture in totality etc. The other thing is language which the girls used when performing their songs. This research consists of six chapters. Chapter 1: It outlines the research proposal as follows. The introduction, statement of problem, aim of the study, the significance of the research, definition of terms, methods used and literature review. Chapter 2: This chapter explains the upbringing of young girls of the olden generation. Secondly, it outlines the stages that they undergo and the relationship between these stages. Furthermore it brings forth norms and values to be followed when these girls get married. Chapter 3: The chapter deals with the analysis of the chosen songs by young girls of the olden generations. Emphasis is based on the sense of the poem and the usage of figurative language. Chapter 4: Firstly it deals with the meaning of the word “theme”. It also outlines the theme of young girls of olden generations as per their varying categories, involves life in general, like unfaithfulness to their brother in law, love one another, for the love of culture etc. Chapter 5: Deals with the findings which this research discovered about the songs of the young girls of the olden generations. It also deals with the suggestion and recommendations. Chapter 6: It provides a list of various references used in this research

The research raises concern for the practical and theoretical problems confronting pre-primary to secondary schools regarding the implementation of indigenous African music in the present curriculum. This research investigates the status of indigenous African music in the South African school’s curriculum for the purposes of its inclusion with special reference to isiZulu. The study utilised qualitative interview, observation method and existing documents for the collection of data. Participants were asked to highlight the importance of including indigenous African music in the present curriculum as a core subject, and secondly, what can be done to promote indigenous African music to South African communities? This study records the importance of isiZulu belief systems, customs and performance tradition. It looks at indigenous isiZulu music both past and present, what it offers to the community of South Africans. The research reveals that isiZulu music can be used to recall enjoyable commemorations, express peace, and happiness and motivates team spirit as it can organise activities geared towards community development if included in the school curriculum. It also nurtures social integration, which can enhance understanding in learning. Some songs are composed to instil socio-cultural values in establishing social relationships amongst the individuals and societies, also consolidate social bonds and create patriotic feelings. Music also contributes to the child’s development and psychological abilities. The study further revealed that the battle for the soul of African Languages is not yet over. Rather than the languages becoming increasingly appreciated and embraced by the owners, there is evidently a decline (Salawu, 2001). This worrisome decline is marked by the advancement of technology and craves modernity; they see everything (culture, indigenous African music and language) as primitive. It is apparent that the originality and excellence in African culture and languages are quickly vanishing, as there remains only a small indication of that genuine tradition. The study therefore, helps Black South Africans generally to relate to their folk-lore and to maintain their cultural principles, values and rebuild their sense of national identity and will also work to broaden the curriculum in schools from Foundation Phase to the FET Phase. / Linguistics and Modern Languages

MAAS / M.E.R Mathivha Centre for Languages Arts and Culture

L’une des composantes de la littérature orale (chants, contes, proverbes,…) de langue bretonne est la gwerz, chanson traditionnelle à caractère souvent historique et fantastique, se transmettant principalement oralement d’une génération à l’autre.L’étude de la langue utilisée dans ces chants permet de mettre en évidence des niveaux de langues différents : si la marque dialectale du chanteur est généralement bien présente, celle de l’utilisation d’un breton standard, se rapprochant du breton littéraire par ses caractéristiques, l’est tout autant.Quelques personnes en Bretagne, principalement issues de la petite noblesse rurale, se sont adonnées au collectage de sa littérature orale (de langue bretonne), à l’instar des autres pays européens, et ceci dès le début du XIXe siècle. Mme de Saint-Prix (1789 -1869) figure parmi ces précurseurs. Les deux manuscrits inédits qui constituent l’essentiel de sa collection (Manuscrit 1 : 97 folios ; Manuscrit 2 : 45 folios), sont actuellement conservés à la bibliothèque de Landévennec / One of the major forms of oral literature in the Breton language – which includes songs, tales, proverbs and sayings- is the gwerz. This form of traditional song, passing on from one generation to another, most often evidences a historical as well as a fantastic character.Studying the language used in these songs helps highlight the existence of several standards or levels of language; indeed, while the dialectal mark of the interpreter generally makes no doubt, the presence of a form of standard Breton can also be noticed.In the early XIXth century, people in Brittany - similarly to what was taking place throughout Europe - started collecting oral literature in the Breton language. Most of the time they came from the lower rural aristocracy. Mme de Saint-Prix (1789-1869) was among these precursors. The two unpublished manuscripts which make the most part of her collection (MS 1 : 97 folios ; MS 2 : 45 folios) are currently kept in the Landevennec library / Ul lodenn eus al lennegezh dre gomz (kanaouennoù, kontadennoù, lavarennoù,…) brezhonek a zo ar gwerzioù anezhi : da lâret eo kanaouennoù hengounel savet alies a-walc’h diwar fedoù istorel ha burzhudus, ha legadet a-c’henoù a-rummad da rummad.Studiañ ar yezh a gaver implijet er gwerzioù-se a laka war-wel liveoù yezh disheñvel : ma kaver roud eus brezhoneg rannyezhel ar ganerien warni, e weler splann ivez an implij a vez graet gante eus ur yezh all, tostoc’h ouzh ur « standard lennegel ».Ken abred ha deroù an XIXvet kantved, diwar skouer ar broioù europat all, e kroge un nebeut tud e Breizh, o tont peurliesañ eus an noblañs vihan diwar ar maez, da zastum ar pezh a oa da vezañ anvet « lennegezh dre gomz » pelloc’h. En o zouesk e kaver ur plac’h, an Itron de Saint-Prix (1789-1869), a orin eus Kallag, e Kerne-Uhel. An daou dornskrid a ra ar lodennvrasañ eus he dastumadenn (Ds. 1 : 97 f° ; Ds. 2 : 45 f°) a zo miret e levraoueg abati Landevenneg hiziv an deiz

Thesis (MA. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2013 / Mushumo uno wo sumbedza ṱhalutshedzo dza nyimbo dza sialala dza Tshivenḓa, kukhethekanyele kwa nyimbo dza sialala, zwifhinga zwa u imba nyimbo dza sialala, tshakha dza nyimbo dza sialala dza Vhavenḓa na tsumbo dzadzo, vhathu vhane vha imba nyimbo dza sialala, zwilidzo na mutengo wa zwilidzo zwa nyimbo dza sialala, mishumo ya nyimbo dza sialala dza Tshivenḓa, nḓila dza u tsireledza nyimbo dza sialala dza Vhavenḓa uri dzi songo ngalangala.

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os valores culturais contidos nas letras de cantos tradicionais dos corais de uma comunidade de origem germânica. Nova Petrópolis é o município escolhido por ter suas raízes na imigração alemã e conservar até os dias atuais aspectos dessa cultura. A pesquisa utiliza o método da análise de conteúdo, tendo como corpus dezessete cantos tradicionais que representam manifestações culturais germânicas. Do estudo dos cantos emergiram quatro categorias temáticas: sentido da vida, religiosidade, valores da vida social e dialética das expressões emocionais. Os temas são universais, presentes em narrativas de todo o mundo, mas com um viés particular, regional, característico dessa cultura específica, de seu universo de representações sociais. Para compreender o legado cultural transmitido de geração em geração, faz-se uso da história da imigração alemã e da importância dos cantos na tradição germânica através dos tempos. Essas categorias são interpretadas e relacionadas com os demais estudos sobre a cultura germânica com o objetivo de compreender seus entrelaçamentos. O referencial teórico utilizado permite o entendimento da cultura e de como seus valores aparecem e são articulados nessa comunidade de origem germânica. Desse modo, o estudo contribui para a compreensão da identidade coletiva dessa comunidade. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-05T17:42:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao Marcia Hillebrand.pdf: 488760 bytes, checksum: 68278009a221e6ecf83fbc59ecfaef81 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-05T17:42:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao Marcia Hillebrand.pdf: 488760 bytes, checksum: 68278009a221e6ecf83fbc59ecfaef81 (MD5) / This study has as objective to analyze the cultural values contained in the lyrics of traditional songs of the choirs of a community of German origin. Nova Petrópolis is the chosen municipality for having its roots in the German immigration and for conserving aspects of this culture up till the present days. The research utilizes the method of the content analysis having as corpus seventeen traditional songs that represent the German cultural manifestations. From the study of the songs four thematic categories emerged: sense of life, religiosity, values of social life and dialectic of the emotional expressions. The themes are universal, present in narratives all over the world, but in a particular way, regional, characteristic of this specific culture, of its universe of social representations. To understand the cultural legacy transmitted from generation to generation, usage of the history of the German immigration and of the importance of the songs in the German tradition through the times is made. These categories are interpreted and related to the other studies about the German culture with the objective to understand their interlaces. The theoretic referential utilized permits the understanding of the culture and how their values appear and are articulated in this community of German origin. This way, the study contributes for the understanding of the of this community.

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os valores culturais contidos nas letras de cantos tradicionais dos corais de uma comunidade de origem germânica. Nova Petrópolis é o município escolhido por ter suas raízes na imigração alemã e conservar até os dias atuais aspectos dessa cultura. A pesquisa utiliza o método da análise de conteúdo, tendo como corpus dezessete cantos tradicionais que representam manifestações culturais germânicas. Do estudo dos cantos emergiram quatro categorias temáticas: sentido da vida, religiosidade, valores da vida social e dialética das expressões emocionais. Os temas são universais, presentes em narrativas de todo o mundo, mas com um viés particular, regional, característico dessa cultura específica, de seu universo de representações sociais. Para compreender o legado cultural transmitido de geração em geração, faz-se uso da história da imigração alemã e da importância dos cantos na tradição germânica através dos tempos. Essas categorias são interpretadas e relacionadas com os demais estudos sobre a cultura germânica com o objetivo de compreender seus entrelaçamentos. O referencial teórico utilizado permite o entendimento da cultura e de como seus valores aparecem e são articulados nessa comunidade de origem germânica. Desse modo, o estudo contribui para a compreensão da identidade coletiva dessa comunidade. / This study has as objective to analyze the cultural values contained in the lyrics of traditional songs of the choirs of a community of German origin. Nova Petrópolis is the chosen municipality for having its roots in the German immigration and for conserving aspects of this culture up till the present days. The research utilizes the method of the content analysis having as corpus seventeen traditional songs that represent the German cultural manifestations. From the study of the songs four thematic categories emerged: sense of life, religiosity, values of social life and dialectic of the emotional expressions. The themes are universal, present in narratives all over the world, but in a particular way, regional, characteristic of this specific culture, of its universe of social representations. To understand the cultural legacy transmitted from generation to generation, usage of the history of the German immigration and of the importance of the songs in the German tradition through the times is made. These categories are interpreted and related to the other studies about the German culture with the objective to understand their interlaces. The theoretic referential utilized permits the understanding of the culture and how their values appear and are articulated in this community of German origin. This way, the study contributes for the understanding of the of this community.

Text in English / The research raises concern for the practical and theoretical problems confronting pre-primary to secondary schools regarding the implementation of indigenous African music in the present curriculum. This research investigates the status of indigenous African music in the South African school’s curriculum for the purposes of its inclusion with special reference to isiZulu. The study utilised qualitative interview, observation method and existing documents for the collection of data. Participants were asked to highlight the importance of including indigenous African music in the present curriculum as a core subject, and secondly, what can be done to promote indigenous African music to South African communities? This study records the importance of isiZulu belief systems, customs and performance tradition. It looks at indigenous isiZulu music both past and present, what it offers to the community of South Africans. The research reveals that isiZulu music can be used to recall enjoyable commemorations, express peace, and happiness and motivates team spirit as it can organise activities geared towards community development if included in the school curriculum. It also nurtures social integration, which can enhance understanding in learning. Some songs are composed to instil socio-cultural values in establishing social relationships amongst the individuals and societies, also consolidate social bonds and create patriotic feelings. Music also contributes to the child’s development and psychological abilities. The study further revealed that the battle for the soul of African Languages is not yet over. Rather than the languages becoming increasingly appreciated and embraced by the owners, there is evidently a decline (Salawu, 2001). This worrisome decline is marked by the advancement of technology and craves modernity; they see everything (culture, indigenous African music and language) as primitive. It is apparent that the originality and excellence in African culture and languages are quickly vanishing, as there remains only a small indication of that genuine tradition. The study therefore, helps Black South Africans generally to relate to their folk-lore and to maintain their cultural principles, values and rebuild their sense of national identity and will also work to broaden the curriculum in schools from Foundation Phase to the FET Phase. / Linguistics and Modern Languages / D. Phil. (Languages, Linguistics and Literature)

INTIMIDATION AS A FACTOR IN THE LIBERATION STRUGGLE OF SOUTH AFRICA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BELA BELA (WARMBATHS): AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE The cultural revitalisation or adjustment model of Anthony Wallace provides a basis for interpreting religious, political and other revitalisation movements. This study focuses on political revitalisation movements. Participation in the activities of revitalisation movements does not always occur voluntarily. Leaders of such movements apply techniques and methods of intimidation enforcing change and participation. In South Africa, political revitalisation was inter alia brought about by the ANC as political liberation movement who used methods of violent and non-violent intimidation to force people, regardless of their ethnic affiliation, to support the movement and enforce political change. The ANC inter alia used charactersitic cultural phenomena and components of Bantu-speakers as resources for intimidation to ensure unanimity, participation and ultimately to achieve political liberation. Cultural components that were exploited included communality, group solidarity, administration of justice, songs and dances. / INTIMIDASIE AS 'N FAKTOR IN DIE VRYHEIDSTRYD IN SUID-AFRIKA MET SPESIALE VERWYSING NA BELA BELA (WARMBAD): 'N ANTROPOLOGIESE PERSPEK.TIEF Kulturele vernuwmg ts 'n universele verskynsel. Anthony Wallace se model van kulturele vernuwing of -aanpassing bied 'n raamwerk vir die verduideliking en interpretasie van die fases waardeur kulturele vernuwingsbewegings van 'n godsdienstige, politieke of ander aard ontwikkel. In hierdie studie word daar uitsluitlik gefokus op vernuwingsbewegings van 'n politieke aard. Aangesien deelname aan die aktiwiteite van kulturele vernuwings- en aanpassingsbewegings nie noodwendig vrywillig geskied nie, het leiers van hierdie bewegings gebruik gemaak van tegnieke en metodes van intimidasie om deelname en vernuwing op die massas af te dwing. In SuidAfrika is politieke vernuwing onder andere teweeggebring deur die ANC as politieke bevrydingsbeweging. Die ANC het gebruik gemaak van gewelddadige (harde of direkte) sowel as nie-geweldadige (sagte of indirekte) intimidasie om mense, ongeag hulle etniese aanhorigheid, te dwing om die beweging se oogmerke aktief te ondersteun om politieke verandering te weeg te bring. As dee! van die strategie om deur intimidasie mense tot deelname aan massa-aksies soos optogte, betogings en massa-vergaderings te dwing, het die ANC gebruik gemaak van bepaalde kultuur verskynsels en -komponente wat eie is aan die lewensbeskouinge en lewenswyse van Bantoe-sprekendes. Kultuurkomponente wat suksesvol benut is deur die leiers en lede van bevrydingsbewegings omvat, onder andere verskynsels soos kommunaliteit, groep solidariteit, die regspraak, liedere en danse. Hierdie kultuurkomponente en verskynsels is verander en aangepas om ten eerste eenheid en deelname te bewerkstellig en te verseker en uiteindelik om die hoofdoelwit van politieke bevryding te bereik. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology)