Esta tese busca mapear e analisar elementos e tecer redes de significados relacionados à produção de corpos, masculinidades e suas relações em exercício no espaço do trânsito para conhecer o(s) modo(s) como os homens habitam esse espaço. Para isso, corpo(s) e gênero(s) são instrumentos condição para a constituição de relações entre homens, veículos, vias e o espaço do trânsito em suas coexistências. Interessa-me não somente analisar como se constroem as posições de sujeito e suas relações, tanto com outros sujeitos quanto com as regras desse espaço, mas também como elas incidem no acidente de trânsito. Os acidentes de trânsito são uma condição um tanto paradoxal em que exercícios de masculinidade aproximam homens e serviços de saúde. Esta tese tem como questões norteadoras: que construções corporais são produzidas nas e pelas relações entre corpo, gênero, masculinidade, veículos, seus deslocamentos e suas coexistências e ao mesmo tempo são produtoras dessas relações? Como as relações entre masculinidade e o espaço do trânsito incidem sobre o acidente de trânsito e o produzem? Para construir respostas ao longo dos capítulos, trabalhei com informações do Estado, notícias relacionadas ao trânsito e aos acidentes de trânsito, bem como com campanhas publicitárias de automóveis, articuladas aos dados sobre atendimentos realizados por causa de acidentes de trânsito no HPS e aos tipos de acidentes, para o que foram utilizadas as informações do banco de dados do HPS. Também foram realizadas entrevistas com homens internados no HPS cujo motivo tenha sido o envolvimento em acidentes de trânsito. Tudo isso foi somado à minha experiência como sujeito – condutora de veículo no espaço do trânsito, em deslocamentos urbanos e em rodovias, e pesquisadora desse espaço. Este trabalho cria um espaço singular para problematizar algumas questões relacionadas aos acidentes de trânsito e à (re)produção e exercício de masculinidades no espaço do trânsito e corrobora a tese de que os diferentes modos como os homens são produzidos e fazem uso dos seus corpos e veículos no espaço do trânsito constituem arranjos de masculinidade que configuram uma racionalidade biomecânica para a ocorrência do acidente de trânsito. / This thesis is an attempt to map and analyze elements and weave networks of meanings related to the production of bodies, masculinities and their relationships in the traffic environment in order to know the way(s) that men have inhabited that space. Body(ies) and gender(s) are tools for the constitution of relationships among men, vehicles, pathways and the traffic environment in their coexistence. I am not only interested in analyzing how positions of subject and relationships with other subjects and rules in that environment have been constructed, but also how they have operated on the traffic accident. Traffic accidents are a quite paradoxical situation in which the exercise of masculinity approximates men to health care services. The guiding issues of this thesis are the following: which body constructions have been produced in and by relationships among body, gender, masculinity, vehicles, their displacements and their coexistences, and produced such relationships at the same time? How have the relationships between masculinity and the traffic environment operated on the traffic accident and produced it? To find answers, along the chapters, I worked with State information, news about traffic and traffic accidents, as well as car advertising campaigns, articulated with data about health assistance provided by HPS due to traffic accidents and types of accidents by using information from the HPS database. I also performed interviews with men hospitalized because of traffic accidents. All that was added to my experience as a subject – a driver in the traffic environment, both in urban streets and roads, and a researcher of that space. This study has generated a singular space to problematize some issues concerning traffic accidents and the (re)production and exercise of masculinities in the traffic environment. Furthermore, it corroborates the thesis that the different ways men have been produced as well as the ways they have used their bodies and vehicles in the traffic environment constitute masculinity arrangements that shape a biomechanical rationality for the occurrence of traffic accidents.

Introdução: Os acidentes de trânsito e os traumas causados por eles constituem um grave problema social e de saúde pública em todo o mundo, atingem principalmente os adultos em faixa etária produtiva de vida. Além da morte, esses eventos podem causar nos acidentados comprometimentos na mobilidade, na vida ocupacional, nas relações sociais, na saúde física e mental e outras implicações para as vítimas e seus familiares. Objetivo: compreender e descrever a experiência vivenciada pelo acidentado ou vítima de trânsito com sequela física permanente e seus familiares. Método: os referenciais de Interacionismo Simbólico e História Oral, articulados a abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, fundamentaram teórica e metodologicamente este estudo. Foram realizadas entrevistas com dezoito vítimas de acidente de trânsito, sendo nove vítimas de acidente de trânsito com sequela permanente e um familiar de cada vítima. Resultados: o resgate das memórias individuais permitiu a elaboração das narrativas, que por meio de um processo analítico possibilitaram a construção da memória coletiva, organizada em quatro temas: Sofrimento e ruptura da maneira de viver, O acidente de trânsito como renascimento, Quotidiano familiar desestruturado e Esperança: criando um ambiente para dar continuidade a vida. Os resultados do estudo revelaram que as vítimas primárias de acidente de trânsito que sobrevivem e adquirem uma deficiência física e as vítimas secundárias, seus familiares, vivenciam sofrimento físico e emocional com significativo impacto em suas vidas. A sequela obriga a uma ruptura com o modo de vida anterior ao acidente e as modificações exigidas por essa ruptura são experienciadas com dor, tristeza, pesar, desespero e um misto de sentimentos negativos que fazem parte de todo sofrimento vivenciado por eles. Conclusões: partindo-se da concepção de que os acidentes de trânsito são em maior ou menor grau perfeitamente passíveis de prevenção tem-se a reflexão que todo o sofrimento e gastos envolvidos podem ser evitados, fato de grande magnitude ao analisar-se que toda a população, sem exceções, está sujeita a sofrer um acidente de trânsito. Os resultados permitem a reflexão sobre a importância da família no processo saúde e doença das vítimas, que não contam com ajuda do Estado para lidar com a situação. Percebe-se assim, que há necessidade evidente em fornecer assistência às vítimas de acidente com sequelas de maneira integral, dando especial atenção ao período pós-sequela e à inclusão da assistência à família, também uma vítima do acidente, nesse caso, uma vítima secundária. / Introduction: Traffic accidents and related traumas are a serious social and public health problem worldwide, ultimately affecting working-age adults. Besides death, such events may cause mobility impairment and harm in their occupational life, social relations, physical and mental health, and other implications for the victims and family members. Objective: to understand and describe the experience lived by victims of traffic accidents with permanent physical sequelae and their family members. Method: Symbolic Interactionism and Oral History, articulated with a qualitative research approach, were the theoretical and methodological backgrounds in this study. Interviews were carried out with eighteen victims of traffic accidents, comprising nine victims of traffic accidents with permanent sequelae, and one family member of each victim. Results: the recollection of individual memories enabled the elaboration of narratives, which furthered the construction of the collective memory by means of an analytical process, organized in four themes: Suffering and disruption in the way of life, Traffic accident as rebirth, Disrupted family daily life and Hope: creating an environment to carry on their lives. The study results uncovered that primary victims of traffic accidents who survive and get physically disabled, and the secondary victims, their family members, experience physical and emotional suffering with significant impact in their lives. Sequelae bring about a disruption in the way of life they used to have before the accident, and changes arising from that disruption are experienced with pain, sadness, grief, despair, and a mix of negative feelings which entail the suffering lived by them. Conclusions: Under the perspective that all traffic accidents are perfectly preventable in a higher or lower degree, we get to the reflection that all suffering and expenses involved can be prevented, which is highly significant if we analyze that all the population, without any exceptions, may have a traffic accident. The results enable the reflection on the importance of the family in victims health and disease process, who do not have any State assistance in order to cope with the event. Thus, it is perceived that there is evident need to provide impaired accident victims with special attention during the post-sequelae period on a full scale, extending it to their family members, also accident victims, in this case, secondary victims.

The doctoral thesis deals with problems of a safe longitudinal distance between vehicles. It includes an analysis of a set of factors influencing the safe distance between vehicles and is concerned with a research of effect of many of these factors on observance of the safe longitudinal distance between vehicles. In connection with these factors, this work deals with the solution of this issue in neighbouring countries through statutory measures, then with statistical analysis of traffic accidents in the Czech Republic caused by non-observance of the safe distance, also problems of assistance systems operating in this area, and subsequently, based on the findings, there are recommended suggestions of actions to increase safety in this area of road transport.

The diploma thesis deals with modeling and subsequent economic assessment of the traffic situation of a particular intersection, applying the rule of right turn on red light signal. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part, which describes the rule, the general procedure of creating transport microsimulation and the methodology of the evaluation of economic efficiency according to ŘSD. In practical part the interest area is described and microsimulation of existing and design variants was created in Aimsun. The Aimsun outputs are further compared and economically evaluated.

Disagreements regarding to what degree right-turn lanes improve or worsen the safety of intersections and driveways provided the motivation and the need for this study. The objectives of this study were to: a) carry out an in-depth study to determine the safety impacts of right-turn movements in different contexts, and b) develop safety-based volume warrants for right-turn lanes if safety indeed improves. Lack of adequate study on the applicability of past warrants and guidelines for the specific context of right-turn movements made from major uncontrolled approaches at unsignalized intersections, and particularly driveways, on two-lane roadways provided the scope for this study. Five-year historical data of statewide traffic crashes reported on Minnesota’s twolane trunk highways were analyzed using binary/multinomial logistic regressions. Conflicts due to right turns were analyzed by fitting least squares conflict prediction models based on the data obtained from field surveys and traffic simulations. The safety impacts of rightturn lanes were determined through crash-conflict relationships, crash injury severity, and crash and construction costs. The study found that the probabilities of right-turn movement related crash ranged from 1.6 to 17.2% at intersections and from 7.8 to 38.7% at driveways. Rear-end, samedirection- sideswipe, right-angle and right-turn crash types constituted 96% of right-turn movement related crashes. Rear-end crash probabilities varied from 13.7 to 46.4% at approaches with right-turn lanes and from 37.9 to 76.9% otherwise. The ratios of rearend/ same-direction-sideswipe crashes to conflicts were 0.759 x 10^6 at approaches with right-turn lanes and 1.547 x 10^6 otherwise. Overall, right-turn lanes reduced right-turn movement related crash occurrences and conflicts by 85% and 80%, respectively. Right-turn lanes also reduced crash injury severity, hence, reducing the economic cost by 26%. Safety benefits, in dollars, realized with the use of right-turn lanes at driveways were 29% and 7% higher compared to those at intersections at low and high speed conditions respectively for similar traffic conditions. Depending on roadway conditions, interest rate and construction costs, the safety-based volume thresholds ranged from 3 to 200 right turns per hour during the design hour at intersection approaches, and from 2 to 175 right turns at driveway approaches.

This thesis analyzes the specific critical accident points in the district Blansko. The purpose of this thesis is to suggest the organizational, constructional and technical measures needed to reduce the possibility of accidents, thus increasing road safety in these locations.

The aim of the thesis is to research the methodological approaches used for reducing traffic accidents. One part of the methods is focused on methods of evaluating traffic accident rate on roads in terms of macro-analysis. Another group of methods for the prediction of traffic accidents. Subsequently, in the practical part the methodology is applied on two selected sections of roads and the resulting values are then compared with the actual dates that can explanatory power of these methods. Another part relates to the economic evaluation of road accidents on selected sections of roads and applications of integral indicators.

This thesis named Analysis of the impact of fixed obstacles near roads on the course of traffic accidents deals with the diversification of fixed obstacles near the roads, brief theory of road accidents, possible consequences and shows statistics of road accidents with a fixed obstacle. The aim is to perform analysis of real traffic accidents with a fixed obstacle with serious consequences for health, life and property and with the help of a computer simulation software to analyze the same accident again, but for the condition if the fixed obstacle was removed. Finally, the consequences of accidents are compared, the analysis are evaluated and the proposed measures to eliminate the consequences are assessed.

In the era of the intensive operation on the communication, a question of the safety of the operation becomes one of the most important topics. This thesis deals with an analysis of the various factors, which just participate in the safety of operation on road in the Czech Republic. The thesis results from the comparative analysis of the traffic accident frequency in the allotted period and it takes an interest in how different factors (especially technical parameters of vehicles and human behaviour) influence the safety on highways.

The master´s thesis entitled The issue of obstacles on roads deals with the analysis of accidents with a obstacle in a selected area in the Czech Republic. The main purpose of the master´s thesis is to find out the details of the occurrence of traffic accidents with a obstacle and their other properties (type of obstacle, accident time, climatic conditions etc.).