As jornadas de trabalho excessivas são uma dura realidade para os condutores de veículos de carga no Brasil. Exigidos por um sistema de trabalho desleal estes condutores enfrentam ainda as péssimas condições da malha viária e o gargalo provado pelo crescente número de veículos de passeio em circulação. Essa mistura de fatores tem provocado um índice alarmante de acidentes de trânsito, com um número de mortes comparáveis aos de um conflito armado. Neste trabalho é apresentada a proposta de um equipamento registrador instantâneo e inalterável de velocidade e tempo, que combina as funções de um registrador convencional com um eficiente mecanismo de comunicação sem fios, fazendo com que o próprio equipamento reporte às autoridades de transito os excessos de jornada de trabalho dos veículos de carga. A identificação inequívoca do condutor é realizada através de uma estrutura de certificação digital baseada em cartões inteligentes que garante também a privacidade das informações. / The excessive hours of service is a harsh reality for drivers of goods vehicles in Brazil. Required by a system of unfair labor these drivers still face the bad conditions of roads and bottleneck proved by the increasing number of passenger cars in circulation. This mix of factors has caused an alarming rate of traffic accidents, with a death toll comparable to an armed conflict. This thesis presents a proposal for an electronic equipment, which combines the functions of a conventional tacograph with an efficient wireless communication system, making a auto reporting system of the driving excesses to the authorities of the transit. The unequivocal identification of the driver is done through a digital certification structure based on smart cards that also ensures the privacy of information.

Ce mémoire cherche à faire le point sur l’ouverture des données de l’administration publique, qui s’est généralisée depuis de 2009. Les données ouvertes s’inscrivent dans le mouvement du droit d’accès à l’information, mais se caractérisent par leur caractère proactif : plutôt que d’être diffusée à la demande, les données ouvertes sont divulguées en ligne, généralement regroupées sur un portail. L’ouverture des données vise plusieurs objectifs, dont notamment l’instauration d’un régime de transparence au sein de l’administration publique, et la stimulation de l’activité économique et de la participation citoyenne. Les applications des données ouvertes ont surtout été logicielles, mais nous avons repéré plusieurs sources qui démontrent le potentiel analytique du phénomène. Pour ce faire, les données doivent néanmoins répondre à plusieurs conditions : format, qualité et couverture appropriés, licence adéquate, etc. Nous avons examiné les politiques et pratiques sur deux sites québécois — Données Québec et le portail de données ouvertes de la ville de Montréal — afin de voir si ces conditions étaient respectées. Bien que la situation soit essentiellement convenable, nous avons noté certaines pratiques susceptibles de nuire à la réutilisation des données. Afin d’exposer ces problèmes et de proposer des stratégies pour les résoudre, nous avons procédé à des opérations de nettoyage et d’intégration de données. Nous expliquerons enfin l’intérêt analytique du croisement de plusieurs sources de données, en dépit des difficultés que présente cette approche. / The goal of this masters thesis is to assess the opening of public sector data, a phenomenon that became widespread since 2009. Open data stem from the freedom of information movement, with however a proactive dimension : rather than being provided on demand, open data are published online and usually centralized on a portal. Open data have several goals, in particular the promotion of transparency within the public sector, and the stimulation of both economic activity and civic participation. Open data have been mostly used to create software applications, but we found several sources that demonstrate the analytic potential of the phenomenon. However, to realize this potential, open data must comply with several conditions, such as appropriate format, quality and coverage, adequate user license, etc. We looked into the policies and practices of two Quebec portals — Données Québec and Montreal City open data portal — to see if these conditions were met. While the overall situation was acceptable, we noted some practices that could be detrimental to the reuse of data. In order to illustrate these problems and offer possible strategies to solve them, we performed data cleaning and integration. Finally, we explain the analytic gain of the data integration, despite the difficulties of the operation.

People without private transport are dependent on public transportation. Public transport, particularly minibus taxis, is the most popular mode of transport in the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth. The objective of the minibus taxi industry is to provide public transport to minibus taxi commuters in an economically, reliable and safe manner. The focus of this case study was to explore and determine the views of minibus taxi commuters who utilised minibus taxis as a form of public transport, as well as the views of minibus taxi drivers in terms of adhering to road safety requirements on Stanford Road in Port Elizabeth. The literature survey revealed that transport in South Africa has had a political dimension arising from the Group Areas Act 41 of 1950. One consequence of this Act, which imposed residential segregation on the country, was that poor black commuters were forced to live far out of town, forcing them to travel long distances to places of work and commercial centres, with a commensurate increase in transport costs. Data was collected by means of two structured questionnaires which were administered to minibus taxi drivers and minibus taxi commuters to explore their views and experience of road safety on Stanford Road in Port Elizabeth. A discussion on the minibus taxi industry, minibus taxi associations and law enforcement agencies in Port Elizabeth, as well as the sustainability of the minibus taxi industry, followed in Chapter Three. Through this case study, valuable insight was gained regarding the minibus taxi industry and road safety in Port Elizabeth. Finally, recommendations to improve road safety were made.

Bibliography: leaves 124-147 / BACKGROUND The leading and increasing contributor to the regional and global disease burden that leads to death and disability is represented by road accidents. An enormous toll on individuals together with communities and national economies has been observed because of the occurrence of road accidents. AIM The study developed guidelines to reduce road accidents amongst automobile drivers in Botswana. METHODS Study design The study was conceptualised using Haddon's theory and the mixed-method sequential explanatory design was utilized to conduct the study. Collection of data for this study was done over a period of time in two consecutive phases. v Study setting The study took place in Gaborone, and the study was conducted at Broadhurst Police Headquarters, Directorate of transport station, and the University of Botswana. Data Collection methods: The data for this study were collected through the usage of focus group interviews and document analysis using a checklist. The first phase involved collecting quantitative data through document analysis of 400 police records using a checklist. The second phase took place in Gaborone at the University of Botswana. It involved collecting qualitative data using two focus group interviews with various stakeholders like traffic police, third party claim officers, and emergency nurses/doctors who have been in contact with people involved in road traffic accidents. Study Population: The study population included traffic accident victims' documents at the police headquarters for Gaborone and Francistown, police and traffic officers, lawyers/third party claims officers, and emergency department staff such as nurses and doctors working in Gaborone and Francistown. Data analysis: A checklist was used in transforming observations of found categories into quantitative statistical data. Data generated from the content analysis were transformed into quantitative statistical data using a checklist. Quantitative data were entered and analysed principally using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 27) software to generate graphs and tables. Inconsistencies of the data set was managed by cleaning and editing the data. The data that were missing were not statistically imputed. The relationships of independent variables based on Haddon Matrix-like, drunk driving, unlicensed drivers, over speeding, deaths, and injuries were analysed against the dependent variable of having a road traffic accident using logistic regression. Qualitative vi data from focus group interviews was transcribed verbatim using a transcription protocol. Using transcription protocol ensured that transcription is done consistently and is of the appropriate type for analytic aims. Tesch’s framework for qualitative data analysis was used. UNISA, Botswana Ministry of Health and Wellness, and The Ministry of Defence, Justice, and Security granted the researcher the permission to conduct the study. Results The study found that most accidents are caused by the drivers’ carelessness followed by animals, both domestic and wild. The accidents had an impact on the health of drivers, passengers, and pedestrians. The accidents resulted in fatalities and lower limb fractures, upper limb fractures, and brain injuries. Over the past five years, Gaborone and Serowe recorded the highest cases of road traffic accidents. Most of the accidents occurred where there were no junction. Conclusion It is envisioned that the guidelines informed by research and literature will ensure a decrease in road traffic accidents and consequently fatalities and injuries among Botswana communities. / Health Studies / D. Phil. (Public Health)

The work evaluated on the basis of commonly available data some of the implications of collection toll of highway D1 and D5. It focuses on identifying potential alternative routes by using statistics of national traffic census. On these routes it evaluates the changes of traffic safety, which can show the change of traffic intensity of trucks. Next part evaluates potential economic benefits of bypassing toll routes. In the end it notes possible scenarios of impacts extended toll zones to the above fact findings.

Chaque année, des millions de personnes meurent et beaucoup d'autres subissent des séquelles graves à la suite d'accidents de la route. Malgré une multitude d’initiatives, le nombre de cas mortels et d'accidents graves augmente chaque année en engendrant des problèmes préoccupants à la fois sociaux, économiques et sanitaires. En raison de leur nombre élevé et de l'absence de protection personnelle, plus de la moitié de ces décès concerne les usagers vulnérables (en anglais, vulnerable road users - VRU) regroupant les piétons, cyclistes et motocyclistes. Les appareils mobiles, combinés à la technologie de Fog Computing (ou informatique géodistribuée, ou même informatique en brouillard), représentent une solution réaliste à court terme pour les protéger en les avertissant de l’imminence d'un accident de circulation. L’omniprésence des appareils mobiles et leurs capacités de calcul élevées font de ces appareils un élément important à considérer dans les solutions de sécurité routière. Le Fog Computing offre des fonctionnalités adaptées aux applications de sécurité routière, puisqu’il s’agit d’une extension du Cloud Computing permettant de rapprocher les services informatiques, le stockage et le réseau au plus près des utilisateurs finaux. Par conséquent, dans cette thèse, nous proposons une architecture réseau sans infrastructure supplémentaire (PV-Alert) pour des fins de sécurité routière et reposant uniquement sur les appareils mobiles des VRU et des conducteurs sur la route avec l’aide du concept de Fog Computing. Les données géographiques et cinématiques de ces appareils sont collectées et envoyées périodiquement au serveur fog situé à proximité. Le serveur fog traite ces données en exécutant un algorithme de calcul de risque d’accident de circulation et renvoie des notifications en cas d'accident imminent. L’évaluation de cette architecture montre qu’elle est capable de générer des alertes en temps réel et qu’elle est plus performante que d’autres architectures en termes de fiabilité, d’évolutivité et de latence. / Annually, millions of people die and many more sustain non-fatal injuries because of road traffic crashes. Despite multitude of countermeasures, the number of causalities and disabilities owing to traffic accidents are increasing each year causing grinding social, economic, and health problems. Due to their high volume and lack of protective-shells, more than half of road traffic deaths are imputed to vulnerable road users (VRUs): pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists. Mobile devices combined with fog computing can provide feasible solutions to protect VRUs by predicting collusions and warning users of an imminent traffic accident. Mobile devices’ ubiquity and high computational capabilities make the devices an important components of traffic safety solutions. Fog computing has features that suits to traffic safety applications as it is an extension of cloud computing that brings down computing, storage, and network services to the proximity of end user. Therefore, in this thesis, we have proposed an infrastructure-less traffic safety architecture that depends on fog computing and mobile devices possessed by VRUs and drivers. The main duties of mobile devices are extracting their positions and other related data and sending cooperative awareness message to a nearby fog server using wireless connection. The fog server estimates collision using a collision prediction algorithm and sends an alert message, if an about-to-occur collision is predicted. Evaluation results shows that the proposed architecture is able to render alerts in real time. Moreover, analytical and performance evaluations depict that the architecture outperforms other related road safety architectures in terms of reliability, scalability and latency. However, before deploying the architecture, challenges pertaining to weaknesses of important ingredients of the architecture should be treated prudently. Position read by mobile devices are not accurate and do not meet maximum position sampling rates traffic safety applications demand. Moreover, continuous and high rate position sampling drains mobile devices battery quickly. From fog computing’s point of view, it confronts new privacy and security challenges in addition to those assumed from cloud computing. For aforementioned challenges, we have proposed new solutions: (i) In order to improve GPS accuracy, we have proposed an efficient and effective two-stage map matching algorithm. In the first stage, GPS readings obtained from smartphones are passed through Kalman filter to smooth outlier readings. In the second stage, the smoothed positions are mapped to road segments using online time warping algorithm. (ii) position sampling frequency requirement is fulfilled by an energy efficient location prediction system that fuses GPS and inertial sensors’ data. (iii) For energy efficiency, we proposed an energy efficient fuzzy logic-based adaptive beaconing rate management that ensures safety of VRUs. (iv) finally, privacy and security issues are addressed indirectly using trust management system. The two-way subjective logic-based trust management system enables fog clients to evaluate the trust level of fog servers before awarding the service and allows the servers to check out the trustworthiness of the service demanders. Engaging omnipresent mobile device and QoS-aware fog computing paradigm in active traffic safety applications has the potential to reduce overwhelming number of traffic accidents on VRUs.

Seit den 80er Jahren des vergangenen Jahrhunderts erleben schienengebundene Nahverkehrsmittel vielerorts eine Renaissance. Hohe Kapazitäten bei der Personenbeförderung und abgasemissionsfreie Fahrzeuge sind häufig genannte Argumente für den Aus- oder Neubau von Straßen- und Stadtbahnnetzen. Unfälle zwischen Straßen- bzw. Stadtbahnen und anderen, vor allem nichtmotorisierten Verkehrsteilnehmern, sind oft besonders schwer. Hinzu kommt, dass der in Deutschland innerorts seit Jahren zu beobachtende Trend eines Rückgangs von Unfallzahlen und Unfallschwere für Unfälle mit Straßen- und Stadtbahnen nur sehr bedingt zu beobachten ist. In Deutschland existiert grundsätzlich eine Vielzahl aufeinander abgestimmter Verfahren, welche die Verbesserung der Verkehrssicherheit in Straßennetzen sowohl präventiv als auch nachträglich unterstützen. Diese sind leicht verständlich aufgebaut und einfach handhabbar. Sie berücksichtigen jedoch das Unfallgeschehen innerorts ganzheitlich und enthalten keine spezifischen Aspekte zu schienengebundenen innerörtlichen Nahverkehrsmitteln. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, Werkzeuge zur Verfügung zu stellen, die zur gezielten Analyse und Verbesserung der Verkehrssicherheit im Zusammenhang mit dem Unfallgeschehen unter Beteiligung von Straßen- bzw. Stadtbahnen herangezogen werden können. Zur Generierung der erforderlichen Datenbasis wurden zunächst die Unfalldaten der Verkehrsbetriebe dreier Städte systematisch vereinheitlicht, georeferenziert und für die weitere Verwendung aggregiert. In einem ersten Untersuchungsschritt wurde anschließend – in Anlehnung an vorhandene Instrumente - ein Verfahren zur Lokalisierung unfallauffälliger Bereiche für Straßen- und Stadtbahnunfälle entwickelt. Zu diesem Zweck wurden Kenngrößen der räumlichen Autokorrelation herangezogen, um über ein einheitliches, objektiv quantifizierbares Instrument für Vergleiche zwischen Netzen mit unterschiedlichen Sicherheitsniveaus bzw. Variationen von Betrachtungszeitraum und einzubeziehenden Teilkollektiven der Unfälle zu verfügen. Hierbei wurden Kriterien zur Lokalisierung unfallauffälliger Bereiche unter Voraussetzung des Einhaltens räumlicher und zeitlicher Stabilität abgeleitet. Zur Identifizierung und Quantifizierung infrastruktureller und verkehrlicher Einflüsse auf das Unfallgeschehen mit Straßen- und Stadtbahnen wurden in einem weiteren Schritt Unfallprognosemodelle erstellt, die das Unfallgeschehen mit entsprechenden Parametern verknüpfen und auf diese Weise Aussagen zu den Einflüssen einzelner Merkmale erlauben. Dabei wurden unterschiedliche Formen der Modellbildung vorgenommen: Neben Grundmodellen zur gemeinsamen Abbildung aller Unfälle wurden Modelle mit Differenzierungen nach Unfallschwere, infrastrukturellen Ausbauformen und Unfalltypen geschätzt und miteinander verglichen. Dies beinhaltete in einer ersten Stufe auch einen Vergleich zweier Städte untereinander, indem die Modelle zunächst stadtfein geschätzt und anschließend einander gegenübergestellt wurden. Dabei haben sich die typfeinen Modelle als methodisch überlegen in Zuverlässigkeit und Genauigkeit erwiesen, sie wurden daher in einer zweiten Stufe mittels Anwendung auf ein unabhängiges Kollektiv in Form der Daten einer dritten Stadt validiert. Im Ergebnis konnten Kriterien zur Identifizierung auffälliger Bereiche von Unfällen mit Straßen- und Stadtbahnen zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Ferner wurde abgeleitet, welche Ausprägungen entwurfstechnischer und betrieblicher Parameter das Unfallgeschehen in welchem Maße beeinflussen. Damit wird ermöglicht, im Rahmen der Verkehrssicherheitsarbeit Maßnahmen zielgerichtet und effizient in Bereichen, die entsprechende Effekte hinsichtlich der Verbesserung der Verkehrssicherheit erwarten lassen, einzusetzen. Ferner können Maßnahmenalternativen szenarienbasiert analysiert und (z. B. bei Neu- bzw. Umbaumaßnahmen) verglichen werden, indem die Maßnahmenwirkung auf das Unfallgeschehen mit Straßen- und Stadtbahnen quantitativ prognostiziert wird. / Since the 1980s, urban rail has been experiencing a renaissance. High capacities and emission-free vehicles are frequently cited arguments for the expansion or new construction of tram and light rail networks. Accidents between trams and other road users are often serious. Further, the trend of declining accident numbers and accident severity that has been observed in Germany for many years can only be observed to a very limited extent regarding accidents involving trams. In Germany, there are a large number of coordinated procedures that support the improvement of traffic safety in road networks. However, they consider the accident situation in urban areas in a holistic way and do not contain any specific aspects concerning trams. The aim of the present work is to provide tools that can be used for the analysis and improvement of traffic safety regarding trams. In order to generate the required database, the accident data of the transport authorities of three cities were systematically standardized, georeferenced and aggregated. In a first step, a procedure for the localization of black spots was developed. For this purpose, methods of spatial autocorrelation were used in order to have an objectively quantifiable instrument for comparisons between networks with different safety levels or variations of the period of time. As a result, criteria for the localization of black spots were derived under the condition of keeping spatial and temporal stability. In order to identify and quantify infrastructural influences on the occurrence of tram accidents, generalized linear accident prediction models were developed in a further step. Different levels of modeling were used: In addition to basic models for the common representation of all accidents, models with differentiations according to accident severity, infrastructural parameters and accident types were estimated and compared. In a first stage, this also included a comparison of two cities with each other by first estimating the models on a city-by-city basis and then comparing them with each other. The type-specific models proved to be best in reliability and accuracy, and were therefore validated in a second stage by applying them to an independent data set from a third city. As a result, criteria for identifying black spots could be provided. Furthermore, it was derived which characteristics of infrastructural design and operational parameters influence the occurrence of accidents and to what extent. This enables an efficient application of measures in the context of road safety work. Furthermore, alternative measures can be analyzed and compared, e. g. on the basis of scenarios.

Thesis(MPAM.) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Road traffic injuries negatively impact on the health and the development of the world’s population. The situation is not different in South Africa, particularly in Polokwane, Limpopo Province. In this area, over the past years there has been a steady annual increase of the number of fatalities in the national and provincial roads. This has necessitated the national department of transport to implement mitigating plans with the objective of promoting road safety. It is envisaged that if national road safety plan known as the National Rolling Enforcement Plan (NREP) is clearly defined and effectively implemented, the road fatalities can drastically be reduced. The plan provides some focus areas to be looked at in a way to promote road safety and reduce road accidents. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the NREP, whether it is consistently implemented; and to identify the gaps that affect the implementation process, and to recommend the mitigating factors that will improve the implementation processes of the NREP. A mixed method research approach was used in conducting the study. The first phase entails the collection of quantitative data through structured questionnaires involving traffic officers and traffic managers; while a second phase entails qualitative data collected through focus group discussions that involved traffic officers. The results show the extent at which the traffic officers are involved in the implementation of the NREP. To note, the findings are generalised to the national traffic operations. The study focussed on only one geographical area, namely Limpopo province in South Africa, and not on road transport operations in other parts of the country. Future research should expand on the nationalisation of traffic law enforcement officers.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur en ökad belysningsstyrka på övergångsställen påverkar bilisters hastighet. Vid vissa övergångsställen används idag intensivbelysning. Intensivbelysning innebär att belysningen förstärkts vid platsen och utformas av en eller flera armaturer över eller i anknytning till övergångsställen för att öka synbarheten för fotgängare. Målet med studien är att undersöka om en ökad belysningsstyrka på övergångsställen har en positiv eller en negativ påverkan på bilisters hastighet och därför kunna bidra till en ökad kunskap inom trafiksäkerhet. För att undersöka hur intensivbelysning påverkar bilisters hastighet har hastighetsmätningar utförts på två övergångsställen i centrala Jönköping samt vid en kontrollplats. Hastighetsmätningarna utfördes på en urban väg med en hastighetsbegränsning på 40 km/h. mätningarna utfördes under perioden 2020-03-16 – 2020-03-24. Det ena övergångsstället har intensivbelysning det andra har det inte, för att kunna jämföra de två platserna utfördes mätningar av både luminans och belysningsstyrka. Övergångsstället med intensivbelysning benämnt som observationsplats 1, hade en medelbelysningsstyrka på 73,27 lux och en medelluminans på 2,7 cd/m². Övergångsstället utan intensivbelysning benämnt som observationsplats 2, hade en medelbelysningsstyrka på 15.63 lux och en medelluminans på 1,3 cd/m². Det skiljer alltså 57,64 lux i medelbelysningsstyrka mellan observationsplats 1 och observationsplats 2, och 1,4 cd/m² i medelluminans. Vid observationsplats 1 uppmättes dagtid 10 passager. Vilket resulterade i en medelhastighet på 35,7 km/h (standardavvikelse 4,6 km/h). Kvällstid uppmättes 35 passager. Vilket resulterade i en medelhastighet på 37,49 km/h (standardavvikelse 5,3 km/h). Vid observationsplats 2 uppmättes dagtid 10 passager. Vilket resulterade i en medelhastighet på 40 km/h (standardavvikelse 4 km/h). Kvällstid uppmättes 34 passager. Vilket resulterade i en medelhastighet på 36 km/h (standardavvikelse 4 km/h). Resultatet från studien antyder att intensivbelysning vid övergångsställen leder till en högre fordonshastighet. Skillnaden i medelhastighet mellan observationsplats 1 och observationsplats 2 var låg 1,49 km/h, standardavvikelsen var hög (observationsplats 1 5,3 km/h observationsplats 2 4 km/h).

Die vorliegende Dissertationsschrift widmet sich der Beschreibung des Geschwindigkeits-verhaltens von Kraftfahrern auf innerörtlichen Straßen sowie dessen Auswirkungen auf die Verkehrssicherheit. Grundlage bilden manuelle und automatische Querschnittsmessungen von Einzelgeschwindigkeiten in Hauptverkehrs- und Erschließungs¬straßen mit zulässigen Höchstgeschwindigkeiten von 50 bzw. 30 km/h. Die Beschreibung von Wunschgeschwindigkeiten über unterschiedliche Abgrenzungen freifahrender Fahrzeuge, deren Geschwindigkeiten die Grundlage für die folgenden Modelle bilden, sowie die Überprüfung der Übertragbarkeit von Querschnittsmessungen auf die Strecke und die Analyse von Geschwindigkeitsganglinien dienen der Einordnung der in dieser Untersuchung vorgelegten Ergebnisse. Ziel des ersten Teils der Arbeit ist die Beschreibung möglicher Einflussfaktoren aus der Gestaltung, dem Betrieb sowie der Lage im Netz und dem Umfeld einer Straße auf die Wahl der Geschwindigkeit von Pkw-Fahrern. Erste Ansätze werden aus dem Vergleich von fahrtrichtungsbezogenen Geschwindigkeiten an einem Querschnitt mit asymmetrischer Gestaltung abgeleitet. Auf Basis querschnittsbezogener mittlerer und v85-Geschwindigkeiten werden verschiedene multiple Regressionsmodelle aufgestellt und miteinander verglichen. Die Modelle basieren auf Messungen im Straßennetz Dresdens und werden anhand von Messungen aus anderen deutschen Städten validiert. Signifikante Einflussgrößen ergeben sich aus den Bereichen Verkehrsbedeutung, Querschnittsgestaltung, Umfeldnutzung und Fahrbahnoberfläche eines Straßenquerschnitts. Die Einflussgrößen sowie deren Abhängigkeiten untereinander werden diskutiert und Potenziale für Maßnahmen zur Geschwindigkeitsreduzierung aufgezeigt. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit werden für Tempo-50-Straßen verallgemeinerte lineare Modelle zur Beschreibung des Einflusses der Geschwindigkeit auf die Verkehrssicherheit abgeleitet. Für unterschiedliche Unfallkollektive bezüglich räumlicher Abgrenzung, Unfallschwere und Verkehrsbeteiligung wird der Geschwindigkeitseinfluss auf die Unfallzahl anhand einer Potenzfunktion (Power-Modell) unter Kontrolle der Randbedingungen Verkehrsaufkommen des motorisierten Individual-verkehrs und Umfeldnutzung beschrieben. Die Zahl der Unfälle mit Personenschaden steigt progressiv mit der mittleren Geschwindigkeit und degressiv mit dem DTV an. / Driving speeds of personal vehicles on urban roads are analyzed and their influence on traffic safety is modeled. The speed data is measured at cross sections on major and minor roads with speed limits of 50 and 30 km/h. Different kinds of classification of free-flow-vehicles were analyzed for the description of the desired speed of a driver. Also local speeds along road sections as well as time variation curves of driving speeds are documented in order to interpret and classify the provided findings. The first part of this work deals with the prediction of local driving speeds based on parameters of the roadway environment determining road design as well as the land-use next to the road. One first simple approach is to compare both driving directions at non-symmetric cross sections. Then several multiple regression models for mean speeds and 85-percentiles of the speed distribution are estimated and compared with each other. The models are based on the road network of the city of Dresden and are validated with speed measurements in other German cities. Road classification, cross section characteristics, land-use and the road surface condition are found to be significant parameters that correlate with driving speed. The possible influences on the choice of speed and their interdependencies as well as their practical relevance are discussed. In the second part of this work the influence of speeds on the occurrence of traffic accidents is estimated using Generalized Linear Models. This is done for different accident groups under consideration of the annual daily traffic and a parameter that describes the length and type of land-use of the adjacent buildings next to the road section. The relationship between speed and accident counts can be described using a power function. Accident numbers rise progressively with increasing speeds and rise in a declining manner with increasing amount of traffic.