Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-01-26T17:52:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BrenoGustavoPorfirioBezerra_DISSERT.pdf: 1680172 bytes, checksum: 0f4f20935e8e24b12e505645455bea08 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-28T19:06:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 BrenoGustavoPorfirioBezerra_DISSERT.pdf: 1680172 bytes, checksum: 0f4f20935e8e24b12e505645455bea08 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-28T19:06:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrenoGustavoPorfirioBezerra_DISSERT.pdf: 1680172 bytes, checksum: 0f4f20935e8e24b12e505645455bea08 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-03 / A ?gua produzida representa um grande problema associado com a atividade de extra??o de ?leo bruto. O monitoramento dos n?veis de metais nos res?duos ? constante e requer a utiliza??o de t?cnicas anal?ticas sens?veis. No entanto, a determina??o de elementos tra?o muitas vezes pode exigir uma etapa de pr?-concentra??o. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um m?todo anal?tico simples e r?pido para a extra??o e pr?-concentra??o baseada no fen?meno de extra??o no ponto nuvem para a determina??o do Cd, Pb e Tl em ?gua produzida amostras por Espectrometria de Absor??o de alta resolu??o com fonte continua e atomiza??o em forno de grafite. Um planejamento Box Behnken foi usado para obter a condi??o ideal de extra??o dos analitos. Os fatores avaliados foram: concentra??o do agente complexante (o,odietilditilfosfato am?nio, DDTP), a concentra??o do ?cido clor?drico e concentra??o do surfactante (Triton X -114). A condi??o ideal de extra??o foi obtida com: 0,6% m v -1 DDTP, HCl 0,3 mol L-1 e 0,2% m v -1 de Triton X - 114 para o Pb; 0,7% m v -1 DDTP, HCl 0,8 mol L-1 e 0,2% m v -1 Triton X-114 para Cd. Para o Tl foi evidenciado que melhor condi??o de extra??o se d? com aus?ncia de DDTP, as condi??es de extra??o foram ent?o HCl 1,0 mol L-1 e 1,0% m v -1 de Triton X - 114. Os limites de detec??o para o m?todo proposto, foram 0,02 ?g L-1 , 0,004 ?g L-1 e 0,06 ?g L-1 para o Pb, Cd e Tl, respectivamente. Os fatores de enriquecimento foram superiores a 10 vezes. O m?todo foi aplicado para a ?gua produzida da bacia Potiguar, e testes de adi??o e recupera??o foram realizados, e valores ficaram entre 81% e 120%. A precis?o foi expressa com desvio padr?o relativo (RSD) foi inferior a 5% / Produced water is a major problem associated with the crude oil extraction activity. The monitoring of the levels of metals in the waste is constant and requires the use of sensitive analytical techniques. However, the determination of trace elements can often require a pre-concentration step. The objective of this study was to develop a simple and rapid analytical method for the extraction and pre-concentration based on extraction phenomenon cloud point for the determination of Cd, Pb and Tl in produced water samples by spectrometry of high resolution Absorption source continues and atomization graphite furnace. The Box Behnken design was used to obtain the optimal condition of extraction of analytes. The factors were evaluated: concentration of complexing agent (o,o-dietilditilfosfato ammonium, DDTP), the concentration of hydrochloric acid and concentration of surfactant (Triton X -114). The optimal condition obtained through extraction was: 0,6% m v-1 DDTP, HCl 0,3 mol L-1 and 0,2% m v-1 of Triton X - 114 for Pb; 0,7% m v-1 DDTP, HCl 0,8 mol L-1 and 0,2% m v-1 Triton X-114 for Cd. For Tl was evidenced that best extraction condition occurs with no DDTP, the extraction conditions were HCl 1,0 mol L-1 e 1,0% m v-1 de Triton X - 114. The limits of detection for the proposed method were 0,005 ?g L-1 , 0,03 ?g L-1 and 0,09 ?g L-1 to Cd, Pb and Tl, Respectively. Enrichment factors Were greater than 10 times. The method was applied to the water produced in the Potiguar basin, and addition and recovery tests were performed, and values were between 81% and 120%. The precision was expressed with relative standard deviation (RSD) is less than 5%

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-22T19:38:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoCanindeDeSousaJunior_TESE.pdf: 1665223 bytes, checksum: a3c9c1fa573d5e42243d0808e537d798 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-28T19:44:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoCanindeDeSousaJunior_TESE.pdf: 1665223 bytes, checksum: a3c9c1fa573d5e42243d0808e537d798 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-28T19:44:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoCanindeDeSousaJunior_TESE.pdf: 1665223 bytes, checksum: a3c9c1fa573d5e42243d0808e537d798 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / O crescente interesse e aplica??es dos produtos biotecnol?gicos v?m aumentando o desenvolvimento de novos processos de recupera??o e purifica??o de prote?nas. A adsor??o em leito expandido (ALE) tem se destacado como uma t?cnica promissora para essa finalidade, pois combina em uma ?nica opera??o as etapas de clarifica??o, concentra??o e purifica??o da prote?na alvo, reduzindo assim tempo e custos de opera??o. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta tese foi avaliar a recupera??o e purifica??o do ant?geno 503 de Leishmania i. chagasi expresso em E. coli M15 e a remo??o de endotoxina por ALE. Na primeira etapa do trabalho foram realizados ensaios em taques agitados sob a forma de dois planejamentos experimentais, para definir as condi??es ?timas de adsor??o e elui??o do ant?geno na resina Streamline chelating. Nos ensaios de adsor??o usando o leito na forma expandida empregou-se uma coluna de 2,6 cm de di?metro por 30,0 cm de altura, acoplada a uma bomba perist?ltica. Na segunda etapa do trabalho, avaliou-se a remo??o de endotoxina durante o processo de recupera??o do ant?geno, empregando o tensoativo n?oi?nico triton X-114 na etapa de lavagem da ALE. Na terceira etapa, buscou-se elaborar um modelo matem?tico capaz de prever as curvas de ruptura do ant?geno 503 em coluna na forma expandida. Os resultados do planejamento experimental para adsor??o do ant?geno 503 mostraram o pH 8,0 e a concentra??o de NaCl de 2,4 M como melhores condi??es de adsor??o. No segundo planejamento, o ?nico fator significativo para elui??o foi a concentra??o de imidazol, definida em 600 mM. A isoterma de adsor??o do ant?geno 503 mostrou bom ajuste ao modelo de Langmuir (R=0,98) e os valores de qmax (capacidade m?xima de adsor??o) e Kd (constante de equil?brio) estimados foram de 1,95 mg/g e 0,34 mg/mL, respectivamente. Atrav?s dos testes de purifica??o diretamente do homogeneizado n?o clarificado obteve-se uma recupera??o de 59,2% da prote?na de interesse e um fator de purifica??o de 6,0. A adi??o do tensoativo n?o-i?nico Triton X-114 ? etapa de lavagem da ALE proporcionou altos valores (>99%) de remo??o do LPS inicialmente presente nas amostras para todas as condi??es estudadas. O modelo matem?tico obtido para descrever a curva de ruptura do ant?geno 503 na resina Streamline Chelanting em leito expandido apresentou bom ajuste aos dados experimentais, tanto para etapa de estimativa de par?metros quanto para de valida??o. O modelo validado foi utilizado na otimiza??o das efici?ncias, obtendo-se os valores m?ximos de efici?ncia do processo e efici?ncia da coluna de 89,2% e 75,9%, respectivamente. Portanto, ALE mostrou ser uma alternativa eficiente na recupera??o da prote?na-alvo e remo??o de endotoxina a partir de um extrato de E. coli n?o clarificado em apenas uma etapa. / The growing interest and applications of biotechnology products have increased the development of new processes for recovery and purification of proteins. The expanded bed adsorption (EBA) has emerged as a promising technique for this purpose. It combines into one operation the steps of clarification, concentration and purification of the target molecule. Hence, the method reduces the time and the cost of operation. In this context, this thesis aim was to evaluate the recovery and purification of 503 antigen of Leishmania i. chagasi expressed in E. coli M15 and endotoxin removal by EBA. In the first step of this study, batch experiments were carried out using two experimental designs to define the optimal adsorption and elution conditions of 503 antigen onto Streamline chelating resin. For adsorption assays, using expanded bed, it was used a column of 2.6 cm in diameter by 30.0 cm in height coupled to a peristaltic pump. In the second step of study, the removal of endotoxin during antigen recovery process was evaluated employing the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114 in the washing step ALE. In the third step, we sought developing a mathematical model able to predict the 503 antigen breakthrough curves in expanded mode. The experimental design results to adsorption showed the pH 8.0 and the NaCl concentration of 2.4 M as the optimum adsorption condition. In the second design, the only significant factor for elution was the concentration of imidazole, which was taken at 600 mM. The adsorption isotherm of the 503 antigen showed a good fit to the Langmuir model (R = 0.98) and values for qmax (maximum adsorption capacity) and Kd (equilibrium constant) estimated were 1.95 mg/g and 0.34 mg/mL, respectively. Purification tests directly from unclarified feedstock showed a recovery of 59.2% of the target protein and a purification factor of 6.0. The addition of the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114 to the washing step of EBA led to high levels (> 99%) of LPS removal initially present in the samples for all conditions tested. The mathematical model obtained to describe the 503 antigen breakthrough curves in Streamline Chelanting resin in expanded mode showed a good fit for both parameter estimation and validation steps. The validated model was used to optimize the efficiencies, achieving maximum values of the process and of the column efficiencies of 89.2% and 75.9%, respectively. Therefore, EBA is an efficient alternative for the recovery of the target protein and removal of endotoxin from an E. coli unclarified feedstock in just one step.

No description available.

The long-standing problem of possible formation of metastable states in collisions of the eta-meson with atomic nuclei is revisited. The two-body eta-nucleon interaction is described by a local potential, which is constructed by fitting known low-energy parameters of this interaction. The many-body eta-nucleus potential obtained within the folding model, is used to search for metastable states of the systems formed by the eta-meson with hydrogen and helium isotopes. It is found that all these systems generate strings of overlapping resonances. / Physics / M.Sc. (Physics)

Mycoplasma hominis est une bactérie opportuniste qui peut être responsable d’infections du tractus urogénital, d’infections néonatales ou d’infections disséminées notamment chez les patients immunodéprimés. La membrane des mycoplasmes constitue l’interface d’interaction directe avec le milieu extérieur en raison de l’absence de paroi. Cette membrane contient de nombreuses lipoprotéines qui ont le pouvoir d’activer des cellules dendritiques humaines (hDCs), d’induire la production de cytokines et de polariser le système immunitaire adaptatif. Nous avons étudié l’interaction de M. hominis PG21 avec les hDCs en nous penchant d’une part sur la fraction du mycoplasme qui active les hDCs et d’autre part sur la réponse immunitaire innée des hDCs. Apres avoir déterminé les lipoprotéines contenues dans un extrait TX-114 de M. hominis PG21, nous avons enrichi en lipoprotéines bioactives une fraction de vésicules membranaires du mycoplasme par une double extraction utilisant deux détergents non dénaturants, le Sarkosyl puis le Triton X-114. Apres séparation par SDS-PAGE, nous avons identifié vingt lipoprotéines qui pourraient entrainer la sécrétion d’IL-23 par les hDCs, notamment la lipoprotéine MHO_4720. Un lipopeptide synthétique correspondant à la fraction N-terminale de MHO_4720 est capable de stimuler les hDCs. En analysant les variations transcriptionnelles des gènes codant pour les 48 lipoprotéines de M. hominis PG21 par qRT-PCR, nous avons également déterminé que 21 lipoprotéines sont surexprimées après 4h ou 24h de contact entre le mycoplasme et les hDCs. Enfin, la réponse cellulaire a été évaluée par PCR array et ELISA. Nous avons observé l’activation d’inflammasome(s) par la mise en évidence de la production d’IL-1β dépendant de la caspase 5. / Mycoplasma hominis is involved in urogenital tract infections, neonatal infections or disseminated infections particularly in immunocompromised patients. Mycoplasmas have no cell wall and their membrane is the main interface mediating the interaction between the mycoplasma and its environment. Lipoproteins that are anchored to the extracellular side of the plasma membrane are known to induce the maturation of human dendritic cells (hDCs), to stimulate the pro-inflammatory cytokine production by hDCs and to polarize the adaptive immune system. We studied the interaction of M. hominis PG21 with hDCs in order to assess the lipoproteins that can induce the stimulation of hDCs, to determine the lipoproteins that are regulated upon interaction of the mycoplasma with the host cell and to evaluate the innate host cell response. Using a double extraction strategy with two non-denaturing detergents, Sarkosyl then Triton X-114, and separation by SDS-PAGE, we found that 20 lipoproteins may induce the secretion of IL-23 by the hDCs, especially the MHO_4720 lipoprotein. We showed that a synthetic lipopeptide corresponding to the N-terminus part of the MHO_4720 lipoprotein can stimulate the hDCs in a dose-dependent manner. Using qRT-PCR for the evaluation of the transcriptional regulation of the 48 lipoprotein-coding genes of M. hominis PG21, we also determined that 21 lipoproteins were upregulated upon 4h and 24h of contact of M. hominis with hDCs. Finally, the hDC innate immune response was evaluated by PCR array and ELISA. We observed a caspase 5-dependent production of IL- 1β corresponding to the activation of an inflammasome.

The long-standing problem of possible formation of metastable states in collisions of the eta-meson with atomic nuclei is revisited. The two-body eta-nucleon interaction is described by a local potential, which is constructed by fitting known low-energy parameters of this interaction. The many-body eta-nucleus potential obtained within the folding model, is used to search for metastable states of the systems formed by the eta-meson with hydrogen and helium isotopes. It is found that all these systems generate strings of overlapping resonances. / Physics / M.Sc. (Physics)

La BSP1, principale protéine du plasma séminal bovin, interagit avec les membranes des spermatozoïdes et joue un rôle crucial dans les événements qui conduisent à la fécondité des spermatozoïdes, lors du phénomène de la capacitation. Le but de cette recherche est d’investiguer la nature de ces interactions. Ce travail vise à démontrer l’influence des lipides qui composent les membranes sur l’action de la protéine BSP1. À l’aide de la fluorescence intrinsèque de la protéine, l’affinité de la protéine a été caractérisée pour quatre systèmes lipidiques. Les résultats montrent que la composition lipidique affecte significativement l'affinité de la protéine pour les membranes. Nous avons observé l'ordre suivant : 1-palmitoyl-2-oléoyl-sn-glycéro-3-phosphocholine (POPC) > POPC/1-palmitoyl-2-oléoyl-sn-glycéro-3-phosphoéthanolamine (POPE) ≈ POPC/1-palmitoyl-2-oléoyl-sn-glycéro-3-phospho-L-sérine (POPS) > POPC/cholestérol. La protéine interagit préférentiellement avec POPC. La présence de POPE, POPS, ou cholestérol dans la membrane diminue systématiquement l’affinité. Il est connu que la présence de POPE ou cholestérol augmente l’empilement des lipides dans les membranes. Cet effet de condensation des chaînes pourrait être défavorable à l’insertion de la partie hydrophobe de la protéine dans les membranes et réduire ainsi l'affinité. La diminution de l’affinité de la protéine induite par la présence de POPS, un lipide chargé négativement, pourrait être associée aux interactions électrostatiques répulsives car la protéine porte une charge globale négative. La littérature mentionne que la BSP1 extrait sélectivement les phospholipides de type choline et le cholestérol lors de son association avec les membranes de spermatozoïdes. Un efflux lipidique est aussi observé avec des membranes modèles. Nous avons désiré caractériser la « solubilisation » des membranes par la BSP1, par diffusion dynamique de la lumière. Comme étape préliminaire, nous avons étudié comment le détergent Triton X-100 solubilise les membranes en utilisant cette technique. Les mesures démontrent que la composition lipidique des membranes (POPC, POPC/POPE, POPC/1-palmitoyl-2-oléoyl-sn-glycéro-3- [phospho-rac-(1-glycérol)] (POPG)) n’affecte pas le mécanisme général de solubilisation/reconstitution des membranes modèles. Il a été montré qu'il existe trois régions lors des processus de solubilisation pour les différents systèmes lipidiques : i) le détergent se distribue dans les membranes, ii) une coexistence de membranes saturées en détergents et de micelles mixtes de phospholipides/Triton X-100 et iii) exclusivement des micelles mixtes de phospholipides/Triton X-100. Nos résultats montrent que la forme conique de POPE augmente la résistance des membranes à la solubilisation. La présence de POPG, apportant une charge négative à l’interface des membranes, n’induit aucun changement aux processus de solubilisation/reconstitution des membranes par Triton X-100. La diffusion dynamique de la lumière a également permis d’observer si la protéine BSP1 induit des modifications morphologiques des membranes suite à son interaction avec les membranes de POPC. Nos observations n'ont montré aucune variation significative de la taille des particules lors du titrage des vésicules de POPC par la protéine, sur une gamme de rapport molaire de POPC/BSP1 variant de 20 à 0.6. Avec des compositions aussi différentes, on suppose une transition des vésicules saturées en protéine à des complexes de protéine avec un peu de lipides. Cependant, il semble impossible avec la diffusion dynamique de la lumière de différencier ces particules. / BSP1, the main protein in bovine seminal plasma, interacts with sperm membranes and plays a crucial role in events that lead to sperm fertility, during the capacitation. The purpose of this research is to investigate the nature of these interactions. This work aims to demonstrate the influence of the lipids that compose membranes on the action of the BSP1 protein. Using the intrinsic fluorescence of the protein, the affinity of the protein was characterized for four lipid systems. The results show that the lipid composition significantly affects the affinity of the protein for membranes. We observed the following order: 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) > POPC/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (POPE) ≈ POPC/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine (POPS) > POPC/cholesterol. The protein interacts preferentially with POPC. The presence of POPE, POPS, or cholesterol in membranes decreases systematically the affinity. It is established that the presence of POPE or cholesterol increases the packing of lipids in membranes. This condensation effect could be detrimental to the insertion of the hydrophobic part of the protein into the membranes and reduces, as a consequence, the affinity. The decrease in protein affinity induced by the presence of POPS, a negatively charged lipid, could be associated with repulsive electrostatic interactions as the protein global charge is negative. The literature mentions that BSP1 selectively extracts choline phospholipids and cholesterol when combined with sperm membranes. A lipid efflux is also observed with model membranes. We characterized membrane "solubilisation" by BSP1, using dynamic light scattering. As a preliminary step, we studied how Triton X-100 detergent solubilizes membranes using this technique. The measurements showed that the lipid composition of the membranes does not affect the general solubilization/reconstitution mechanism of the model membranes (POPC, POPC/POPE, POPC/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1-rac-glycerol) (POPG)). It is known that three different regions exist during the solubilization process for the different lipid systems: i) the detergent is distributed in the membranes, ii) a coexistence of membranes saturated with detergents and mixed phospholipid/Triton X-100 micelles and iii) exclusively mixed phospholipid/Triton X-100 micelles. Our results show that the conical shape of POPE increases the resistance of the membranes to solubilization. The presence of POPG, bringing a negative charge at the membrane interface, does not induce any change in solubilization/reconstitution processes. Dynamic light scattering also made it possible to observe if the BSP1 protein induces morphological changes in the membranes following its interaction with POPC membranes. Our observations showed no significant variation in particle size during the titration of POPC vesicles by the protein, over a molar ratio range of POPC/BSP1 from 20 to 0.6. Considering such different compositions, a transition from vesicles saturated with protein to protein complexes with some lipids is assumed. However, it appeared impossible with dynamic light scattering to differentiate these particles.

In this diploma thesis was studied time-resolved fluorescence in polymer-surfactant system. At first aggregation numbers of cationic (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide), anionic (sodium dodecylsulfate) and nonionic (Triton X-100) surfactants were studied by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. These two methods were compared. Aggregation numbers by steady-state method were always lower than aggregation numbers measured by time-resolved method. Steady-state method of determination aggregation numbers is useless for surfactants with high aggregation number and for aerated samples. Addition of hyaluronan to surfactant system was studied. There was observed change in aggregation number after addition of hyaluronan and change in percentage of dynamic quenching after addition of hyaluronan. Hyaluronan affected aggregation number of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and Triton X-100. Hyaluronan increased percentage of dynamic quenching in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and in Triton X-100. Pyren in sodium dodecylsulfate was quenched by sphere of action with negligible percentage of dynamic quenching and addition of hyaluronan had no effect on quenching. As next goal of this thesis, the determination of the position of fluorescence probe pyrene in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, sodium dodecylsulfate and Triton X-100 micelles was chosen. Position of pyrene changed with charge and structure of micelles. Next was studied how percentage of dynamic quenching by iodide compounds changes with different charge of micelle. In all cases majority of dynamic quenching was calculated.

Stuxnet, Havex, BlackEnergy, Crashoverride, and now Triton/Trisis are all examples of cyber security incidents where industrial systems were targeted. The incident Triton/Trisis is new in it’s kind, as the attacker got all the way into the safety industrial system of an oil and gas refinery. Even if the final goal of the attack is still unknown the attacker had the power to put human life directly at risk. Details of the attack are still unknown and research and reverse engineering is still going on of the attack. The purpose of this study is to create an attack graph of the case. By collecting and combining information from publicly available material and grade all the sources by its trustworthiness the study resulted in a two-layered attack graph. Each node and vector in the graph have specified trustworthiness and the nodes contain related sources, tools, and network segments. The study shows that it is possible to construct an attack graph of the case even if details are still missing. Furthermore, it shows that the specific malicious code was tailor-made, but the steps needed to reach the safety industrial system itself were largely possible with the help of publicly available tools. As a result, the whole industrial industry needs to prepare for an escalation of cyber security incidents. / Stuxnet, Havex, BlackEnergy, Crashoverride och Triton/Trisis är alla exempel på cybersäkerhetsincidenter där industrisystem blivit angripna. Händelsen Triton/Trisis är ny i sitt slag, eftersom angriparen kom hela vägen in i det industriella säkerhetssystemet i ett olje- och gasraffinaderi. Ä ven om det slutliga målet för attacken fortfarande är okänt, hade angriparen möjlighet att sätta människor i fara. Detaljer av attacken är fortfarande okända och forskning samt rekonstruktion av attacken pågår. Syftet med denna studie är att skapa en attackgraf över incidenten. Genom att samla in och kombinera information från allmänt tillgängligt material och betygsätta alla källor genom dess tillförlitlighet resulterade studien i en attackgraf med två lager. Varje nod och vektor i grafen har givits en tillförlitlighet och noderna innehåller relaterade källor, verktyg och nätverkssegment. Studien visar att det är möjligt att konstruera en attackgraf av incidenten även om det saknas detaljer. Dessutom visar den att den specifika skadliga koden var skräddarsydd, men stegen som behövdes för att nå det industriella säkerhetssystemet var till stor del möjliga med hjälp av offentligt tillgängliga verktyg. Som ett resultat behöver hela den industriella industrin förbereda sig för en upptrappning av cybersäkerhetsincidenter. / Kandidatexjobb i elektroteknik 2020, KTH, Stockholm

This PhD study, developed at Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), aims to cover the first phase of the benchmark released by the expert group on Uncertainty Analysis in Modeling (UAM-LWR). The main contribution to the benchmark, made by the thesis' author, is the development of a MATLAB program requested by the benchmark organizers. This is used to generate neutronic libraries to distribute among the benchmark participants. The UAM benchmark pretends to determine the uncertainty introduced by coupled multi-physics and multi-scale LWR analysis codes. The benchmark is subdivided into three phases: 1. Neutronic phase: obtain collapsed and homogenized problem-dependent cross sections and criticality analyses. 2. Core phase: standalone thermohydraulic and neutronic codes. 3. System phase: coupled thermohydraulic and neutronic code. In this thesis the objectives of the first phase are covered. Specifically, a methodology is developed to propagate the uncertainty of cross sections and other neutronic parameters through a lattice physics code and core simulator. An Uncertainty and Sensitivity (U&S) analysis is performed over the cross sections contained in the ENDF/B-VII nuclear library. Their uncertainty is propagated through the lattice physics code SCALE6.2.1, including the collapse and homogenization phase, up to the generation of problem-dependent neutronic libraries. Afterward, the uncertainty contained in these libraries can be further propagated through a core simulator, in this study PARCSv3.2. The module SAMPLER -available in the latest release of SCALE- and DAKOTA 6.3 statistical tool are used for the U&S analysis. As a part of this process, a methodology to obtain neutronic libraries in NEMTAB format -to be used in a core simulator- is also developed. A code-to-code comparison with CASMO-4 is used as a verification. The whole methodology is tested using a Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) reactor type. Nevertheless, there is not any concern or limitation regarding its use in any other type of nuclear reactor. The Gesellschaft für Anlagen und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) stochastic methodology for uncertainty quantification is used. This methodology makes use of the high-fidelity model and nonparametric sampling to propagate the uncertainty. As a result, the number of samples (determined using the revised Wilks' formula) does not depend on the number of input parameters but only on the desired confidence and uncertainty of output parameters. Moreover, the output Probability Distribution Functions (PDFs) are not subject to normality. The main disadvantage is that each input parameter must have a pre-defined PDF. If possible, input PDFs are defined using information found in the related literature. Otherwise, the uncertainty definition is based on expert judgment. A second scenario is used to propagate the uncertainty of different thermohydraulic parameters through the coupled code TRACE5.0p3/PARCSv3.0. In this case, a PWR reactor type is used and a transient control rod drop occurrence is simulated. As a new feature, the core is modeled chan-by-chan following a fully 3D discretization. No other study is found using a detailed 3D core. This U&S analysis also makes use of the GRS methodology and DAKOTA 6.3. / Este trabajo de doctorado, desarrollado en la Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), tiene como objetivo cubrir la primera fase del benchmark presentado por el grupo de expertos Uncertainty Analysis in Modeling (UAM-LWR). La principal contribución al benchmark, por parte del autor de esta tesis, es el desarrollo de un programa de MATLAB solicitado por los organizadores del benchmark, el cual se usa para generar librerías neutrónicas a distribuir entre los participantes del benchmark. El benchmark del UAM pretende determinar la incertidumbre introducida por los códigos multifísicos y multiescala acoplados de análisis de reactores de agua ligera. El citado benchmark se divide en tres fases: 1. Fase neutrónica: obtener los parámetros neutrónicos y secciones eficaces del problema específico colapsados y homogenizados, además del análisis de criticidad. 2. Fase de núcleo: análisis termo-hidráulico y neutrónico por separado. 3. Fase de sistema: análisis termo-hidráulico y neutrónico acoplados. En esta tesis se completan los principales objetivos de la primera fase. Concretamente, se desarrolla una metodología para propagar la incertidumbre de secciones eficaces y otros parámetros neutrónicos a través de un código lattice y un simulador de núcleo. Se lleva a cabo un análisis de incertidumbre y sensibilidad para las secciones eficaces contenidas en la librería neutrónica ENDF/B-VII. Su incertidumbre se propaga a través del código lattice SCALE6.2.1, incluyendo las fases de colapsación y homogenización, hasta llegar a la generación de una librería neutrónica específica del problema. Luego, la incertidumbre contenida en dicha librería puede continuar propagándose a través de un simulador de núcleo, para este estudio PARCSv3.2. Para el análisis de incertidumbre y sensibilidad se ha usado el módulo SAMPLER -disponible en la última versión de SCALE- y la herramienta estadística DAKOTA 6.3. Como parte de este proceso, también se ha desarrollado una metodología para obtener librerías neutrónicas en formato NEMTAB para ser usadas en simuladores de núcleo. Se ha realizado una comparación con el código CASMO-4 para obtener una verificación de la metodología completa. Esta se ha probado usando un reactor de agua en ebullición del tipo BWR. Sin embargo, no hay ninguna preocupación o limitación respecto a su uso con otro tipo de reactor nuclear. Para la cuantificación de la incertidumbre se usa la metodología estocástica Gesellschaft für Anlagen und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). Esta metodología hace uso del modelo de alta fidelidad y un muestreo no paramétrico para propagar la incertidumbre. Como resultado, el número de muestras (determinado con la fórmula revisada de Wilks) no depende del número de parámetros de entrada, sólo depende del nivel de confianza e incertidumbre deseados de los parámetros de salida. Además, las funciones de distribución de probabilidad no están limitadas a normalidad. El principal inconveniente es que se ha de disponer de las distribuciones de probabilidad de cada parámetro de entrada. Si es posible, las distribuciones de probabilidad de entrada se definen usando información encontrada en la literatura relacionada. En caso contrario, la incertidumbre se define en base a la opinión de un experto. Se usa un segundo escenario para propagar la incertidumbre de diferentes parámetros termo-hidráulicos a través del código acoplado TRACE5.0p3/PARCSv3.0. En este caso, se utiliza un reactor tipo PWR para simular un transitorio de una caída de barra. Como nueva característica, el núcleo se modela elemento a elemento siguiendo una discretización totalmente en 3D. No se ha encontrado ningún otro estudio que use un núcleo tan detallado en 3D. También se usa la metodología GRS y el DAKOTA 6.3 para este análisis de incertidumbre y sensibilidad. / Aquest treball de doctorat, desenvolupat a la Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), té com a objectiu cobrir la primera fase del benchmark presentat pel grup d'experts Uncertainty Analysis in Modeling (UAM-LWR). La principal contribució al benchmark, per part de l'autor d'aquesta tesi, es el desenvolupament d'un programa de MATLAB sol¿licitat pels organitzadors del benchmark, el qual s'utilitza per a generar llibreries neutròniques a distribuir entre els participants del benchmark. El benchmark del UAM pretén determinar la incertesa introduïda pels codis multifísics i multiescala acoblats d'anàlisi de reactors d'aigua lleugera. El citat benchmark es divideix en tres fases: 1. Fase neutrònica: obtenir els paràmetres neutrònics i seccions eficaces del problema específic, col¿lapsats i homogeneïtzats, a més de la anàlisi de criticitat. 2. Fase de nucli: anàlisi termo-hidràulica i neutrònica per separat. 3. Fase de sistema: anàlisi termo-hidràulica i neutrònica acoblats. En aquesta tesi es completen els principals objectius de la primera fase. Concretament, es desenvolupa una metodologia per propagar la incertesa de les seccions eficaces i altres paràmetres neutrònics a través d'un codi lattice i un simulador de nucli. Es porta a terme una anàlisi d'incertesa i sensibilitat per a les seccions eficaces contingudes en la llibreria neutrònica ENDF/B-VII. La seua incertesa es propaga a través del codi lattice SCALE6.2.1, incloent les fases per col¿lapsar i homogeneïtzar, fins aplegar a la generació d'una llibreria neutrònica específica del problema. Després, la incertesa continguda en la esmentada llibreria pot continuar propagant-se a través d'un simulador de nucli, per a aquest estudi PARCSv3.2. Per a l'anàlisi d'incertesa i sensibilitat s'ha utilitzat el mòdul SAMPLER -disponible a l'última versió de SCALE- i la ferramenta estadística DAKOTA 6.3. Com a part d'aquest procés, també es desenvolupa una metodologia per a obtenir llibreries neutròniques en format NEMTAB per ser utilitzades en simuladors de nucli. S'ha realitzat una comparació amb el codi CASMO-4 per obtenir una verificació de la metodologia completa. Aquesta s'ha provat utilitzant un reactor d'aigua en ebullició del tipus BWR. Tanmateix, no hi ha cap preocupació o limitació respecte del seu ús amb un altre tipus de reactor nuclear. Per a la quantificació de la incertesa s'utilitza la metodologia estocàstica Gesellschaft für Anlagen und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). Aquesta metodologia fa ús del model d'alta fidelitat i un mostreig no paramètric per propagar la incertesa. Com a resultat, el nombre de mostres (determinat amb la fórmula revisada de Wilks) no depèn del nombre de paràmetres d'entrada, sols depèn del nivell de confiança i incertesa desitjats dels paràmetres d'eixida. A més, las funcions de distribució de probabilitat no estan limitades a la normalitat. El principal inconvenient és que s'ha de disposar de les distribucions de probabilitat de cada paràmetre d'entrada. Si és possible, les distribucions de probabilitat d'entrada es defineixen utilitzant informació trobada a la literatura relacionada. En cas contrari, la incertesa es defineix en base a l'opinió d'un expert. S'utilitza un segon escenari per propagar la incertesa de diferents paràmetres termo-hidràulics a través del codi acoblat TRACE5.0p3/PARCSv3.0. En aquest cas, s'utilitza un reactor tipus PWR per simular un transitori d'una caiguda de barra. Com a nova característica, cal assenyalar que el nucli es modela element a element seguint una discretizació totalment 3D. No s'ha trobat cap altre estudi que utilitze un nucli tan detallat en 3D. També s'utilitza la metodologia GRS i el DAKOTA 6.3 per a aquesta anàlisi d'incertesa i sensibilitat.¿ / Mesado Melia, C. (2017). Uncertainty Quantification and Sensitivity Analysis for Cross Sections and Thermohydraulic Parameters in Lattice and Core Physics Codes. Methodology for Cross Section Library Generation and Application to PWR and BWR [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/86167