Thesis (DLitt)--Stellenbosch University, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: One of the questions that have challenged scholars of BH for many years is whether the language should be regarded as a tense, aspectual or modal language. In this thesis, I argue that the lack and application of a metacategory for describing any language in general, and BH in particular, has been the main problem of the debate. A sound methodology is needed in order to be able to make an argument that can be tested empirically. The present study presents such a viable methodological approach. Using Bhatian parameters for tense, aspect and modal prominent languages, crosslinguistic metacategories of tense, aspect and mood were developed. These were applied to BH and the outcome was the hypothesis that BH is an aspect-prominent language. After formulating the above-mentioned hypothesis for BH, a corpus had been selected in the light of which the hypothesis was tested. The result demonstrates that BH consistently maintains perfective and imperfective aspectual distinctions. It was found that even where aspectual distinctions are extended to modal categories, the distinction in meanings between the perfective and the imperfective forms of the BH verb are not neutralised. From these observations, it has been concluded that there is the need to revisit the semantics of Proto Semitic. A model like the one used in this study could be replicated in the study of Proto Semitic. Such a revisit, it is hypothesised, may give fresh insights into the verbal system of Proto Semitic in general and BH in particular / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Een van die vrae wat reeds vir baie jare vir kenners van Byblese Hebreeus (=BH) In uitdaging is, is of die taal 'n tempustaal, 'n aspektuele taal of 'n modale taal is. In hierdie tesis voer ek aan dat die gebrek aan die toepassing van 'n metakategorie vir die beskrywing van tale in die algemeen, en BH in die besonder, die hoof probleem in die debat is. 'n Deeglike begronde metodologie is nodig om 'n hipotese daar te stel wat empiries getoets kan word. Hierdie studie wil so 'n metodologie formuleer. Deur gebruik te maak van Bhat se parameters vir tale waarvan die tempus, aspek en modaliteit prominent is, is kruislinguistiese metakategorieë vir tempus, aspek en modaliteit ontwikkel. Hierdie metakategorieë is op BH toegepas en die resultaat daarvan was die hipotese dat BH 'n aspek-prominente taal is. Nadat die bogenoemde hipotese vir BH geformuleer is, is 'n korpus geselekteer in die lig waarvan hierdie hipotese getoets kon word. Die resultaat demonstreer dat BH konsekwent die perfektiewe en imperfektiewe aspektuele onderskeid handhaaf. Daar is gevind dat selfs wanneer aspektuele onderskeidings uitgebrei is na modale kategorieë, die onderskeid tussen die perfektiewe en die imperfektiewe vorme van die BH werkwoord nie geneutraliseer word me. Vanuit hierdie waarnemings is tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat dit nodig is om weer te gaan kyk na die semantiek van Proto-Semities. 'n Model soos die een wat in hierdie studie gebruik is, kan ook in die studie van Proto-Semities bebruik word. Die hipotese is dat so 'n hernude ondersoek nuwe insigte kan gee in die werkwoordsisteem van Proto-Semities in die algemeen en BH in die besonder.

陳遠秀. / "2013年9月". / "2013 nian 9 yue". / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-94). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract in Chinese and English. / Chen Yuanxiu.

Orientador: Angel Humberto Corbera Mori / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T11:50:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barbosa_RaphaelAugustoOliveira_M.pdf: 6827753 bytes, checksum: 5fbf5ed7a3d1be009919b6215bb5145c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Esta dissertação analisa o sistema de formação de palavras em um grupo de oito línguas da família Pano: Kashibo-Kakataibo, Katukina, Kaxinawa, Matis, Matsés, Shanenawa, Shipibo-Konibo e Yawanawa - sob a perspectiva teórica da linguística tipológicafuncional. O objetivo desta pesquisa é comparar e explicar as similaridades e diferenças de algumas propriedades semânticas a respeito dos elementos morfológicos usados pelos falantes desses idiomas com vistas a formar palavras por meio de três processos linguísticos: afixação, reduplicação e composição. Com este estudo, buscamos oferecer subsídios para novas pesquisas teóricas e aplicadas a respeito das funções e dos significados presentes na morfologia derivacional do grupo de línguas Pano estudado. Nesse sentido, descrevemos duas classes de prefixos (morfemas partes do corpo e aspectuais), e investigamos como a função locativa e os significados metafóricos são codificados pelo sistema conceptual de prefixação lexical, assim como analisar a função aspectual dos demais prefixos. A respeito da reduplicação, discutimos sua característica icônico-derivacional, sua função aspectual e numeral, e a ordem e significado de suas construções complexas (reduplicações com afixos). Ademais, além de descrevermos a distribuição da composição e seus significados, também analisamos como seus elementos lexicais se configuram da maneira como são observados. Para tanto, utilizamos trabalhos científicos já realizados por estudiosos desses idiomas, disponíveis em teses e outros tipos de publicação. Basicamente, o texto compõe-se de quatro seções, da maneira como se segue. Na introdução (1) apresentamos alguns aspectos etnolinguísticos da família Pano e o quadro teórico-metodológico utilizado na análise. Logo após (2) examinamos o sistema de prefixação e então descrevemos brevemente os sufixos e as construções analíticas do grau aumentativo e diminutivo. Em seguida (3) analisamos a reduplicação e a composição. Na conclusão (4) apresentamos os aspectos tipológicos do sistema de formação de palavras por prefixação, reduplicação, e composição do grupo de línguas Pano selecionado / Abstract: This dissertation analyses the system of word-formation in a group of eight languages of the Pano family: Kashibo-Kakataibo, Katukina, Kaxinawa, Matis, Mastsés, Shanenawa, Shipibo-Konibo e Yawanawa - from a functional-typological perspective. The objective of this research is to compare and explain the similarities and differences of some semantic properties related to the morphological elements used by speakers of these languages in order to form words using three linguistic processes: affixation, reduplication and composition. Futhermore, we aim to provide insight into new theoretical and applied research about the functions and meanings present in the derivational morphology of the Pano languages studied. Accordingly, we describe two classes of prefixes (parts of the body and aspectual morphemes), and investigate how locative functions and metaphorical meanings are encoded by the conceptual system of lexical prefixation, as well as analyzing the function of other aspectual prefixes. Regarding reduplication, we discuss its iconic-derivational quality, its aspectual and numeral functions, and the order and meaning of their complex constructions (reduplications with affixes). In addition, besides describing the distribution of the composition and its meanings, we also analyse how its lexical elements are configured in the way they are observed. We used scientific research already published by scholars of these languages, available in theses and other types of publication. Fundamentally, the text is composed of four parts. In the introduction (1) we present some ethnolinguistic aspects of the Pano family and the theoretical and methodological framework used in the analysis, follow by (2) an analysis of the system of prefixation, and a description of the suffixes and analitical constructions of augmentative and diminutive meanings. Next (3) we examine the reduplication and the composition. In conclusion (4) we present the typological aspects of the word-formation system of prefixation, reduplication, and composition of the Pano languages studied / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestre em Linguística

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-08-01T11:34:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Roberto Barbosa.pdf: 4034863 bytes, checksum: 144d52c271e54b59797af9f5e32876a3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T11:34:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Roberto Barbosa.pdf: 4034863 bytes, checksum: 144d52c271e54b59797af9f5e32876a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study deals with the analysis of issues related to the teaching of the textual genres present in the 9th Elementary School year Portuguese Language Student Notebook, a handout distributed in the public teaching system in the state of São Paulo. Its analysis was motivated by its scope and consequent relevance in the educational panorama of the state, since these handouts are used by all students. The objective that guides this research is to investigate the way in which textual genres are approached in the aforementioned in the Portuguese Language Student Notebook. This general objective is associated to the following specific objectives: to carry out a survey of the textual genres present in the handbook, relating them to their respective discursive domains; identify the typologies mobilized in the textual genres; and carry out an analysis of how and to what extent the argumentative and expository typologies can be internalized by students through proposed notebook activities. The theoretical contribution that guides the research is related to Textual Linguistics postulates, especially the intertextuality, cohesion and coherence concepts presented by the studies carried out by Fávero (2014, 2009 [1991]), Fávero and Koch (2012 [1983]) and Koch (2014 [1989], 2004, in addition to Bronckart's Sociodiscursive Interactionism (2012 [1997], 2006a), with a significant influence by Vygotsky’s (1989 1984) work. The study considers teaching based on the textual genres proposed by Bakhtin (2011 [1979]) and reinterpreted by the theoretical-methodological bias carried out by Bronckart (2012 [1997]), Marcuschi (2008) and Dolz and Schneuwly (2004), according to whom language is a form of action that takes place in the socially situated and shared discourse by means of textual genres. In this context, the present study is based on the resolutions stipulated by the National Curricular Parameters (BRASIL, 1998) regarding suggestions for the teaching of the Portuguese Language, from which the Curriculum of the State of São Paulo was developed (SÃO PAULO, 2012). These documents suggest that, in the 9th elementary school year, argumentative and expository texts should be studied with greater emphasis. In addition, this study also presents the historical course of the notebook in Brazil until its current application in the São Paulo public network. As a result of the notebook analysis, a distance was observed between what is prescribed in the State of São Paulo Curriculum and the proposed student activities concerning the learning of argumentative and exposure genres, since genres that compete in narrating were mostly inserted, while argumentative and expository genres, although appearing, were underexplored. There is, therefore, the understanding that, in order to promote the formation of socially active citizens, it is necessary to emphasize the interactive study of language, which occurs, essentially, through textual genres / Este estudo trata da análise das questões referentes ao ensino dos gêneros textuais presentes no Caderno do Aluno de Língua Portuguesa do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental, apostilado distribuído na rede pública de ensino do estado de São Paulo. Sua abrangência e consequente relevância no panorama educacional do estado motivaram nossa escolha por analisá-lo, visto que as apostilas são utilizadas por todos os alunos. O objetivo que norteia esta pesquisa é investigar a forma como os gêneros textuais são abordados no Caderno do Aluno de Língua Portuguesa. Esse objetivo geral se associa aos seguintes objetivos específicos: levantamento dos gêneros textuais presentes na apostila; relacionando-os a seus respectivos domínios discursivos; identificação das tipologias mobilizadas nos gêneros textuais; e análise de como e em que medida as tipologias argumentativas e expositivas podem ser internalizadas pelos alunos por meio das atividades propostas no apostilado. O aporte teórico que orienta a pesquisa se relaciona aos postulados da Linguística Textual, sobretudo os conceitos de intertextualidade, coesão e coerência apresentados pelos estudos de Fávero (2014, 2009 [1991]), Fávero e Koch (2012 [1983]) e Koch (2014 [1989], 2004), além do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo de Bronckart (2012 [1997], 2006a), com grande influência da obra de Vygotsky (1989, 1984). Este estudo considera o ensino com base em gêneros textuais propostos por Bakhtin (2011 [1979]) e reinterpretados pelo viés teórico-metodológico de Bronckart (2012 [1997]), Marcuschi (2008) e Dolz e Schneuwly (2004), segundo os quais a linguagem é uma forma de ação que se realiza no discurso socialmente situado e partilhado por meio dos gêneros textuais. À vista disso, tem-se como base as resoluções dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (BRASIL, 1998) – no que concerne às sugestões para o ensino da Língua Portuguesa, a partir das quais foi elaborado o Currículo do Estado de São Paulo (SÃO PAULO, 2012). Esses documentos sugerem que, no 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental, sejam estudados com maior ênfase os textos argumentativos e expositivos. Além disso, este trabalho também apresenta o percurso histórico do apostilado no Brasil até a aplicação desse material nos dias atuais na rede pública paulista. Como resultado das análises do apostilado, constatou-se um distanciamento entre o que está prescrito no Currículo Estado de São Paulo e as atividades propostas aos alunos para a aprendizagem dos gêneros da ordem do argumentar e do expor, já que se verificou a inserção majoritária dos gêneros que competem ao narrar, ao passo que os gêneros argumentativos e expositivos, embora tenham aparecido, foram pouco explorados. Houve, portanto, a compreensão de que, para promover a formação de cidadãos ativos socialmente, é preciso dar ênfase ao estudo interativo da linguagem, que acontece essencialmente por meio dos gêneros textuais

Abstract This thesis discusses the Veps indefinite pronoun system and its development. I show how the long lasting contact effect of Russian can be perceived in the Veps indefinite pronoun system. The approach I have adopted in this study combines insights from multilingualism and linguistic typology. The study is concerned mainly with the synchronic level of the language, but I have also examined the diachrony of the system. The data of this study consist of both sociolinguistic and language data, quantitative and qualitative data, old and new data, and data representing both written as well as spoken registers. The study consists of four separate publications. The first of them is a collaborative publication, Veps in Russia: ELDIA Case-Specific Report. The publication has a sociolinguistic viewpoint: it enlightens the linguistic situation of the Vepsians. In the article The Implicational Semantic Map for Veps Indefinite Pronouns, I describe the Veps indefinite pronouns by means of the semantic map methodology. I show that, despite the numerous similarities between the Russian and Veps pronominal series, the Veps indefinite pronouns actually constitute a distinctive system. In the article Borrowing Morphology: The Influence of Russian on the Veps System of Indefinite Pronouns, I classify the Veps indefiniteness markers as MAT (morpheme transfer) loans or PAT (morphological pattern transfer) loans, according to the manner in which they have been acquired from Russian. I show that the Veps indefinite pronominal system has undergone obvious contact-induced morphological changes. In the article Vepsän kielen paljaiden interrogatiivien indefiniittinen käyttö, I show that in addition to the interrogative-derived indefinite pronouns the use of bare interrogatives as indefinites is common in Veps. I have divided this use into nine different clause and phrase structures. In the study, I show that the diachronically unstable system of indefinite pronouns has undergone many changes in Veps, due to language contact with Russian. From the individual speaker’s mind and speech, the effect of Russian has gradually spread as a part of the linguistic system of the Veps speech community. Thus, the contacts of the Veps and Russian speech communities have resulted in changes in the Veps indefinite pronoun system. / Tiivistelmä Tarkastelen tutkimuksessani vepsän kielen indefiniittipronominijärjestelmää ja sen kehitystä. Osoitan, miten venäjän vuosisatoja jatkunut kontaktivaikutus näkyy vepsän indefiniittipronominien järjestelmässä. Tarkastelun näkökulmat olen omaksunut kontaktilingvistiikasta, monikielisyystutkimuksesta ja typologisesta kielentutkimuksesta. Tutkimus koskee pääosin kielen synkronista tasoa, mutta olen ottanut kantaa myös järjestelmän diakroniseen kehitykseen. Tutkimuksen aineistokokonaisuuteen kuuluu sekä sosiolingvististä että kieliaineistoa, kvantitatiivista ja kvalitatiivista aineistoa, uutta ja vanhaa aineistoa sekä niin kirjoitettua kuin puhuttuakin kieltä. Tutkimus koostuu neljästä erillisestä osajulkaisusta. Ensimmäinen niistä on yhteisjulkaisu, Veps in Russia: ELDIA Case-Specific Report. Julkaisu on näkökulmaltaan sosiolingvistinen: se valottaa vepsäläisten kielellistä tilannetta. Artikkelissa The Implicational Semantic Map for Veps Indefinite Pronouns kuvaan vepsän indefiniittipronomineja semanttisten karttojen metodologian avulla. Osoitan, että lukuisista venäjän ja vepsän kielen pronominisarjojen yhtäläisyyksistä huolimatta vepsän indefiniittipronominit muodostavat omaleimaisen järjestelmänsä. Artikkelissa Borrowing Morphology: The Influence of Russian on the Veps System of Indefinite Pronouns luokittelen vepsän venäjän kielestä lainatut indefiniittisyyden tunnukset niiden lainaustavan mukaan joko MAT- tai PAT-lainoiksi. MAT-lainoissa kielelliset segmentit toisinnetaan toisessa kielessä, PAT-lainoissa funktionaaliset mallit. Osoitan, että vepsän indefiniittipronominien järjestelmässä on tapahtunut selviä kontaktilähtöisiä morfologisia muutoksia. Artikkelissa Vepsän kielen paljaiden interrogatiivien indefiniittinen käyttö osoitan, että tunnuksisten indefiniittipronominien lisäksi käytetään vepsässä yleisesti myös paljaita interrogatiiveja. Olen jaotellut niiden esiintymisympäristöt yhdeksäksi erilaiseksi lause- ja lausekerakenteeksi. Tutkimuksessa osoitan, että indefiniittipronominien diakronisesti epästabiili järjestelmä on vepsässä kokenut venäjän kontaktivaikutuksesta monia muutoksia. Yksittäisen kielenpuhujan mielestä ja puheesta venäjän vaikutus on vähitellen levinnyt osaksi vepsäläisen kieliyhteisön kielen järjestelmää. Näin vepsäläisen ja venäläisen puhujayhteisön kontaktit ovat johtaneet vepsän kielen indefiniittipronominien systeemin muutokseen. / Lühenduz Ičein dissertacijas minä tarkištelen vepsän kelen indefinitižiden pronominoiden sistemad i sen kehitoitust. Ozutan, kut äjad voz’sadad olijad kontaktad tuleba sil’mnägubale vepsän kelen indefinitižiden pronominoiden sistemas. Tedotön perspektivaks olen otnu ičelein kontaktkel’oppindan, äikeližuz’oppindan i tipologižuz’oppindan pirdoid. Tedotö om tobjimalaz sinhronine, no olen tarkištanu mugažo erasid problemoid diahronižen kehitoitusen sistemaspäi. Tedotön lähtematerialoihe mülüb sociolingivistižid materialoid, kel’materialoid, kvantitativižid i kvalitativižid materialoid, uzid i vanhoid materialoid paginkelespäi i kirjutadud kelespäi. Neciš tedotös om nel’l’ erilašt kirjutest. Ezmäine niišpäi, Veps in Russia: ELDIA Case-Specific Report, om ühthižkirjutez. Necen kirjutesen nägemuz om sociolingvistine. Sen päazj om tedištada i ezitada vepsän kelen i vepsläižiden oloid nügüd’aigas. Kirjuteses The Implicational Semantic Map for Veps Indefinite Pronouns kuvadan vepsän indefinitižid pronominoid semantižiden kartoiden metodologian abul. Ozutan, miše hot’ venän i vepsän kelen indefinitižiden pronominoiden affiksoiden kogomused oma karthižed, vepsän indefinitižiden pronominoiden sistem om kaiken-se originaline. Kirjuteses Borrowing Morphology: The Influence of Russian on the Veps System of Indefinite Pronouns tarkištan venäkelespäi vepsän kel’he ottud affiksad MAT- i PAT- velgmaneran mödhe. MAT-velg znamoičeb, miše ühten kelen kel’material kopiruidas toižehe kel’he, a PAT-velgoiš kopiruidas vaiše znamoičendoid. Ozutan, miše vepsän indefinitižiden pronominoiden sistemas om sündunu morfologižid vajehtesid, miččed oma sel’ktad kel’kontaktoiden jäl’ged. Kirjuteses Vepsän kielen paljaiden interrogatiivien indefiniittinen käyttö ozutan, miše indefinitižiden pronominoiden ližaks vepsän keles voib kävutada interrogativižid pronominoid indefinitižiden pronominoiden sijas. Olen tarkištanu virkehid, kus nene azjad ezineba i olen mülütanu niid ühesandehe erazvuiččehe gruppaha. Indefinitižiden pronominoiden sistem ei ole diahronijan polespäi seižui. Ičein oppindas ozutan, miše vepsän kelen sistem om lujas vajehtanus venäkelen kontaktpainandan tagut. Ühten kelen pagižijan melespäi i paginaspäi om venäkelen painastuz aigan sirttes levitanus vepsän kelen sistemaha. Muga oma vepsän i venän pagižijoiden keskeižed kosketused vajehtanuded vepsän kelen indefinitižiden pronominoiden sistemad.