This report presents an investigation into some merging options between an upper-layer Bluetooth (BT) protocol stack with a lower-layer ECMA-368/9 Ultra Wideband (UWB) radio connection. A Bluetooth over Ultra Wideband (BToUWB) system is implemented by channelling an existing compliant Bluetooth connection’s data over an Ultra Wideband Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical (PHY) layer radio channel. The aim of this project is to provide a description of the methodology used to create a BToUWB link and evaluate some advantages pertaining to the merger between the two Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) technologies. Prior to channelling data over a UWB connection, a compliant Bluetooth and UWB connection were configured between two Linux enabled computers by use of Bluetooth and UWB enabled Universal Serial Bus (USB) dongles. BlueZ, the official Bluetooth stack for Linux, were used to implement a modified Bluetooth stack. By modifying the open source BlueZ files, the Host Controller Interface (HCI) commands sent to the HCI sublayer by upper layer Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP) and Synchronous Connection-Oriented (SCO) implementations were hijacked and routed to a UWB “router and convergence” implementation for transmission over the UWB subsytem. Similarly lower level HCI events were spoofed to the L2CAP and SCO layers by the UWB convergence implementation upon receiving packets from the UWB subsystem. The commercial availability of UWB hardware through Wireless USB dongles enabled the realization of a compliant UWB link between the systems, requiring special driver modifications and Intel provided firmware to establish a WiMedia Logical Link Control Protocol (WLP) network. A specially developed test program generates L2CAP, Radio Frequency Communication (RFCOMM) and SCO Bluetooth data for testing the BToUWB link. The various Bluetooth data packets are routed from the Bluetooth stack to a developed kernel space routing module, which encapsulated the packets and route them via the WLP interface over the wireless high-speed UWB network to the remote system. On the remote side, the packets propagate its way back up through the UWB hardware and software module, and to the router module via call-back functions in the WLP interface. The router module strips the headers and injects the packets back into the Bluetooth L2CAP, RFCOMM or SCO layer for further Bluetooth processing. A test program running on the remote system, receives the test data and loops it back for asynchronous analyses, or stores it for later comparison in synchronous analyses. The results obtained from the system analyses shows how a Bluetooth system can benefit from implementing UWB as lower layer wireless interface over a short range by either improved asynchronous bandwidth, or synchronous reliability. The results also show some limitations of the pilot UWB hardware and firmware available over longer distances. In general, the successful transmission of Bluetooth data over the BToUWB implemented system proves the HCI layer to be a viable mergence point between the two protocols. / Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering / unrestricted

Táto práca je prípadovou štúdiou postupného vývoja a nasadzovania lokačného softwaru v reálnom čase. Cieľom tejto práce je zrýchliť tento proces. Zvolený problém bol vyriešený s konvenčnými testovacími nastrojmi, vlastným nástrojom pre generovanie sieťovej prevádzky lokalizačnej platformy a nástrojmi CI/CD Gitlab. Prínosom tejto práce je zrýchlenie vývoja, zaručenie kvality vyvijaného softwaru a predstavenie spôsobu ako platformu pre lokalizáciu v reálnom čase testovať.

The aim of the Master’s Thesis is to describe ideas of the MB-OFDM principle that represents the possibility of OFDM principle implementation in ultra wideband systems. There are compared physical layers of the IEEE 802.15.3a and the ECMA-368 standard which include the MB-OFDM principle. In practical part of the thesis, there was created a model of ECMA-368 physical layer in MATLAB environment including CDMA access principle. Finally, the MB OFDM system resistance against disturbance and the Peak-to-Average-Power Ratio is analyzed and commented.

Work is focused on both theoretical knowledge of the electromagnetic field and the specific properties of metamaterials measured. First, be informed about the fundamentals of electromagnetic fields, the issue of periodic structures to the properties required metastructures. Further experimental work is designed to measure the properties of metamaterials. The measurements will be used as harmonic signals and broadband signals in the frequency range 100MHz to 10GHz. In the last part of the proposed work is carried out experimental work and are evaluated some characteristics of the antennas and measurement of the selected sample.

The diploma project deals with the numerical modeling, implementation and measurement of dielectric dipoles excited by a coaxial probe. Attention was turned to shape optimization of dipoles from the viewpoint of ultra wideband parameters in the band group 6. (“Bandgroup 6“). Two antennas exhibiting the best parameters were fabricated. Results of measurements were compared with simulation results. Simulations and measurements were in agreement. For the simulations, we use program CST Microwave Studio.

Tato diplomová práce si klade za cíl návrh hybridního lokalizačního zařízení, které je schopno lokalizace uvnitř i vně budov. Lokalizace uvnitř budov je dosažena pomocí technologie Ultra Wideband a venkovní lokalizace je provedena pomocí kombinace technologie RTK GNSS a PPP pomocí open - source softwaru zvaného RTKLIB. První část textu se zaměřuje na vysvětlení používaných technologií a výběr nejpřesnější technologie pro venkovní lokalizaci. Druhá část se zaměřuje ma vývoj potřebného hardware a software finálního zařízení a na integraci systému pro venkovní lokalizaci do systému pro lokalizaci vnitřní. Výstupem práce je plně funkční zařízení, které je schopné plynulé lokalizace uvnitř i vně budov. Funčnost celého zařízení je dokázána na finálních testech uskutečněných ve vnitřních i venkovních prostorách. Na závěr také práce zmiňuje možná vylepšení celého zařízení, která mohou být v budoucnu provedena.

Les performances des antennes Ultra Large Bande (ULB) les rendent appropriées pour de nombreuses applications. En radar à pénétration de surface (SPR), application visée de cette thèse, une telle bande passante offre un excellent compromis entre capacité de pénétration et résolution spatiale en imagerie micro-ondes. De plus, il a été démontré que la prise en compte du champ rayonné par l'antenne en présence de la surface améliore considérablement la qualité des images obtenues. Cette thèse aborde la problématique de la quantité de données représentant les antennes ULB. En effet, les descripteurs classiques d'antenne ne suffisent pas à caractériser l’évolution en fréquence de leurs performances. Le développement en harmoniques ou vecteurs sphériques est utilisé pour modéliser le diagramme de rayonnement d’antennes tout en réduisant le volume de données. D'autre part, les méthodes d'expansion en singularités modélisent la réponse en fréquence (ou impulsionnelle) de l'antenne par un ensemble de pôles de résonance. Le but de ce travail de thèse est d'établir un modèle compact qui représente avec précision le rayonnement d'antenne, et permette la connaissance du champ à différentes distances. A cette fin, plusieurs combinaisons des méthodes de caractérisation ont été étudiées. L'approche proposée est validée par la modélisation du diagramme de rayonnement simulé et mesuré d'une antenne Vivaldi (ETSA). Le modèle établi fournit le champ rayonné à différentes distances de l'antenne avec une erreur inférieure à 3% avec un taux de compression de 99%. La dernière partie de cette thèse présente une application de l'approche proposée au rayonnement d’antennes en présence d’interfaces / UWB antennas bandwidth makes them highly suitable for a number of applications. In surface penetrating radar (SPR) applications, which is the focus of our research, such a bandwidth range allows good signal penetration ability and fine space resolution for microwave imaging. In addition, it has been shown that the knowledge of the radiated field by the antenna enhances drastically the quality of the resulting images. The work reported in this thesis deals with the problematic of the huge amount of data representing UWB antennas. Indeed, due to the frequency dependence, the classical antenna parameters are not sufficient to characterize this type of antenna. The scalar or vector spherical wave expansion is widely used to expand the radiation pattern of a radiating antenna and permit a high compression data rate. On the other hand, the Singularity Expansion Methods are used in frequency/time domain to model the antenna response by a set of resonant poles. The purpose of this thesis is to establish a compact model representing accurately the antenna radiation characteristics, which also allows to find the field at various distances. To this end, several ways of combining the aforementioned methods have been investigated. The proposed approach is validated by modeling the simulated and measured radiation pattern of an Exponential Tapered Slot Antenna (ETSA) in free space. Furthermore, we verify that the established compact model provide radiated field at different distances from the antenna with a compression of the initial pattern up to 99% and an error below 3%. The last part of this thesis, present an application of the proposed methodology to SPR context

Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, ein System zur Lokalisierung für die Testumgebung des APOLI Projekts zu implementieren und zu validieren. Dabei soll mit Hilfe von Ultrabreitbandtechnologie ein lokales Echtzeitpositionsbestimmungssystem implementiert werden, welches die Funktionalität eines GPS-Empfängers emuliert. Dabei sollen die Positionsdaten an einen Copter übermittelt werden.

Journeying into the information era the need for new technologies used forsending vast amounts of data eciently has risen, as has the possibilities and needfor dierent types of AI-controlled robots. In this project a RC-car was modiedand equipped with a Raspberry PI and laser radar to let it automatically navigatearound a room using UWB transmitters and receivers. A framework for roboticapplications called ROS, Robot Operating System, was used with a large numberof open source packages to ll dierent functions. Custom scripts was created totie everything together, allowing all dierent components in the system to work inunison.

No description available.