Nothing has been that consistent as the change is for the knowledge revolution to nourish and cultivate. Different forms of changes are occurring in organizations with the aim to improve the output performances. Health organizations have been more attached to the changes and the consequences that are brought with such changes. Such consequences are primarily connected with concepts of unlearning and learning. Any form of the change if initiated in organization asks for new routines learning, tasks conductions and the organizational cultural revolution. These new routines have been occurring at individual and organizational levels. The unlearning at any level in the organizational culture can be performed through investigating a primary connection between the organizational and individual routines. At the individual level unlearning brings a number of psychological, cognitive, social and moral hurdles. These hurdles at individual level basically help the organizational unlearning to occur. All of the routines occurring at individual level encompass the necessary information that goes from lower levels to upward, strengthening and holding the organizational memory firm. This research was about to find how the health organizations unlearn the older practices and learn the new practices in IT change. This research had two streams i) finding whether there had been any connection between the organizational and individual unlearning in the cases of IT change, ii) For unlearning what kind of hurdles had been there at the individual level. Kalmar hospital pediatric department had been chosen for the empirical investigations. The research streams were about how and what parts which helped the researcher to go for the qualitative data gathering techniques. The Results showed there had been a very thin connectivity between the organizational and individual unlearning. The results revealed and unfolded that many of the new learning are occurring simultaneously with discarding the older ways of practices. The impression of absorbing the change with respect to the unlearning had been varied from person to person. There had been a numbers of individual hurdles observed at individual level of unlearning. Apart from them, many individual routines (performative tasks) had the primary connectivity with the organizational routines (Ostensive routines) and shaping and reshaping of the organizational memory. It is important to understand the unlearning notions with the type of change. In this research each of the interviewee had shared his thoughts of how the things could have been done differently by revealing the consequences with new learning. Literature suggests that for a profound and successful implementation of change more formal and informal trainings, clear strategy for shuffling the older individuals in the camp, more social and cognitive meetings and fast and quick actions in the cases of technical difficulties are to be taken. / Thesis

Nothing has been that consistent as the change is for the knowledge revolution to nourish and cultivate. Different forms of changes are occurring in organizations with the aim to improve the output performances. Health organizations have been more attached to the changes and the consequences that are brought with such changes. Such consequences are primarily connected with concepts of unlearning and learning. Any form of the change if initiated in organization asks for new routines learning, tasks conductions and the organizational cultural revolution. These new routines have been occurring at individual and organizational levels. The unlearning at any level in the organizational culture can be performed through investigating a primary connection between the organizational and individual routines. At the individual level unlearning brings a number of psychological, cognitive, social and moral hurdles. These hurdles at individual level basically help the organizational unlearning to occur. All of the routines occurring at individual level encompass the necessary information that goes from lower levels to upward, strengthening and holding the organizational memory firm. This research was about to find how the health organizations unlearn the older practices and learn the new practices in IT change. This research had two streams i) finding whether there had been any connection between the organizational and individual unlearning in the cases of IT change, ii) For unlearning what kind of hurdles had been there at the individual level. Kalmar hospital pediatric department had been chosen for the empirical investigations. The research streams were about how and what parts which helped the researcher to go for the qualitative data gathering techniques. The Results showed there had been a very thin connectivity between the organizational and individual unlearning. The results revealed and unfolded that many of the new learning are occurring simultaneously with discarding the older ways of practices. The impression of absorbing the change with respect to the unlearning had been varied from person to person. There had been a numbers of individual hurdles observed at individual level of unlearning. Apart from them, many individual routines (performative tasks) had the primary connectivity with the organizational routines (Ostensive routines) and shaping and reshaping of the organizational memory. It is important to understand the unlearning notions with the type of change. In this research each of the interviewee had shared his thoughts of how the things could have been done differently by revealing the consequences with new learning. Literature suggests that for a profound and successful implementation of change more formal and informal trainings, clear strategy for shuffling the older individuals in the camp, more social and cognitive meetings and fast and quick actions in the cases of technical difficulties are to be taken. / Thesis

Recent studies show that when words are correlated with the colours they are printed in (e.g., MOVE is presented 75% of the time in blue), colour identification is faster when the word is presented in its expected colour (MOVE in blue) than in an unexpected colour (MOVE in green). The present series of experiments explored the possible mechanisms involved in this colour-word contingency learning effect. Experiment 1 demonstrated that the effect was already present after 18 learning trials. During subsequent unlearning, the effect extinguished equally rapidly, suggesting that only a handful of the most recently encountered trials are used to predict responses. Two reanalyses of data from Schmidt, Crump, Cheesman, and Besner (2007) ruled out an account of the effect in terms of stimulus repetitions. Experiments 2 and 3 demonstrated that participants who carry a memory load do not show a contingency effect, supporting the hypothesis that limited-capacity resources are used to retrieve a small number of trial memories in order to prepare a response. Experiment 4 demonstrated that memory resources are required for both storage and retrieval processes.

Acquisitions represent a common modus operandi of firm growth. Notwithstanding their lasting popularity, the majority of deals are reported to be unsuccessful. Given their prevalence and practical relevance, acquisitions have attracted scholarly interest from diverse academic disciplines and traditions. Despite the extensive volume of the acquisition literature, some intriguing questions remain unanswered and some essential assumptions remain untested. This dissertation seeks to explore several of these unanswered questions: What determines “us versus them” type of thinking in acquisitions? What influences social preferences, willingness to learn and the type and degree of trust in acquisitions? What roles do culture, organizational identity and status play in this regard? Shall we expect differences to be problematic all the time? Could it be the case that cultural differences sometimes lead to positive perceptions and reactions among individuals involved in acquisitions?  Motivated by these questions and many others, this dissertation primarily looks at the human side of acquisitions, and, in so doing, it problematizes the sociocultural dynamics during the initial phases of the post-acquisition process. Building on theories of social-psychology and utilizing experimental designs, the dissertation consists of three theoretical and three empirical papers, which address the aforementioned questions. The theoretical arguments and the empirical findings reported in this dissertation suggest that status differences between acquiring and acquired firms have discernable effects on key sociocultural integration outcomes like trust, social preferences, organizational commitment and knowledge transfer. Taken together, the arguments raised and results reported in this dissertation point out the important, yet hitherto relatively neglected, role of status in acquisitions, and in other similar inter-organizational modes. / <p>Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, 2012</p>

The present thesis examined extinction of conditioned fear in the developing rat. In the adult rat, the hippocampus is thought to be important for the context-specificity of extinction. Because the hippocampus is a late-maturing structure, it was hypothesised that context-modulation of extinction may be different across development. The first series of experiments investigated reinstatement of extinguished fear in the developing rat (Chapter 2). The results showed that P24 rats exhibited context-specific reinstatement. On the other hand, P17 rats did not exhibit reinstatement of extinguished fear following a US reminder treatment. The failure to see reinstatement in P17 rats was not due to the reminder treatment being ineffective in these rats because the same treatment alleviated spontaneous forgetting in rat this age. The second series of experiments then examined the renewal effect and GABAergic involvement in extinction in P24 and P17 rats (Chapter 3). It was observed that P24 rats displayed renewal whereas P17 rats did not. Also, pre-test injection of FG7142 recovered extinguished fear in P24 rats but not in P17 rats, even across a range of doses. This failure to see any FG7142 effect on extinction in P17 rats was not due to the lack of responsiveness to this drug in these rats because FG7142 was found to be effective in alleviating spontaneous forgetting in rats this age. The third series of experiments then examined the effect of temporary inactivation of the amygdala on extinction and re-extinction in the developing rat (Chapter 4). It was observed that extinction retention is impaired in both P24 and P17 rats if the amygdala is inactivated during extinction training. Interestingly, when a CS that had been previously extinguished and then re-trained was re-extinguished, re-extinction was amygdala-independent if initial extinction occurred at 24 days of age but amygdala-dependent if initial extinction occurred at 17 days of age. That is, amygdala involvement in re-extinction was dissociated across development. Taken together, these experiments provide strong evidence for fundamental differences in mechanisms underlying fear extinction across development. The implications of the findings were discussed in light of the theoretical and neural models of extinction.

In response to criticism on the concept of "unlearning", we suggested that unlearning on an individual level should be defined as the reduction of the influence of old knowledge on cognitive and/or behavioural processes. In this article, we apply a systems thinking perspective on this definition to explore how far this kind of unlearning can possibly go and what happens if this process is inward-directed, i.e. affects the cognitive and behavioural patterns that define who we are. We take a knowledge perspective on the concept of the self and suggest that unlearning could trigger a disequilibrium, which in turn, enables a deep learning process and guides us to what is referred to as ideal or best version of the self. This does not only have implications for the individual level but it can initiate fundamental change processes in organizations.

A speculative inquiry into perception regimes, ‘unlearning’, entanglements and how to discuss re-production in the realm of (art) production today. A textual crossreading of how to actively admit and amplify the colonial and imperial consequences active in all levels of society, both personal and collective, and how these ideas continues to (re)produce in ways outside (and inside) of our imagination.  An experimental essay negotiating the relations and symbioses between form an ideology, a try to undermine binary thought formations such as nature and culture, private and public. A proposed crossreading of theory and lived life; how to deal with the (im)possibility of imagining outside of neoliberal conditions, of colonial and capitalist frameworks?

For a successful marketer, it is essential to be adaptable in a changing environment. To be competitive in the labor market as a professional marketer, they must understand how to reach their customers in the most efficient way, which often happens digitally on the customers phone or through other digital platforms. This study aims to investigate how marketers consider their education relevant, in relation to the digital age we find ourselves in today. The study is based on a constructivist approach where reality is subjective. To answer the research question, a qualitative study consisting of interviews was accomplished. The study is based on organizational learning theories which highlights that individual learning is essential for an organization's survival. The study also emphasizes the importance of an in-depth understanding of how today’s knowledge-based society works where education is fundamental for social development and economic growth. The study also highlights the importance of possessing alternative competencies that are required to be successful in the 21st century. The material was analyzed through a thematic analysis where the results are divided in 3 main themes. The result shows that in today’s knowledge society, education is fundamental rather than meritorious. There is also some lack of digital practical applications and digital marketing theory during their education. Perhaps the most prominent result was that marketers witnessed themselves as never fully learned. A successful marketer needs to continuously develop one's knowledge and skills in order to remain an attractive candidate in this changing world.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-06T12:44:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Érica de Aguiar Botelho - 2016.pdf: 1895411 bytes, checksum: 1fb1a988ccd7930fbdc3b1630b709338 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-06T12:47:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Érica de Aguiar Botelho - 2016.pdf: 1895411 bytes, checksum: 1fb1a988ccd7930fbdc3b1630b709338 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-06T12:47:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Érica de Aguiar Botelho - 2016.pdf: 1895411 bytes, checksum: 1fb1a988ccd7930fbdc3b1630b709338 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-27 / The aim of this study was to analyse how organizational unlearning occurs in ventures that have graduated from business incubation process. The research is exploratory, qualitative, with retrospective longitudinal time frame. A multiple case study was conducted, with the selection of six cases. Data was collected from semi-structured interviews, documentation and direct observations. Ventures and incubator perspectives were considered. Content analysis was taken. NVivo software was used to support the research. Based on theoretical backgrounds an analysis frame was elaborated in order to present the selected approaches. How organizational context of gradutated ventures that were bonded to a University Business Incubator in the technology sector can influence organizational unlearning was examined. Changes in organizational routines of graduated ventures were described, involving specific routines, from the new venture creation and development processes. Organizational unlearning was verified, predominantly in writing or updating business plan routine. Types of interplay between organizational learning and unlearning were identified. Isolated organizational learning was identified in every routine and all organizational unlearning situations were caracterized as isolated. Thus distinction between the two processes was corroborated. Situations where organizational unlearning precedes or occurs simultaneously to organizational learning were not observed. Relearning was verified only in writing or updating business plan routine. It was noticed that the context of these ventures offers opportunities for studying organizational unlearning not only after graduation but also during incubation period. Propositions were established based on venture incubation, new venture creation and development processes and organizational unlearning literatures. / Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar como ocorre a desaprendizagem organizacional em empresas que foram graduadas após processo de incubação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, qualitativa, abrangendo horizonte temporal longitudinal retrospectivo. Adotou-se a estratégia de estudo de casos múltiplos, tendo sido selecionados seis casos. Recorreu-se a entrevistas semi-estruturadas, documentação e observações diretas. Perspectivas relacionadas às empresas e à incubadora foram consideradas. Para a análise dos dados, foi realizada análise de conteúdo. Foi adotado o software NVivo para suporte à condução da pesquisa. Com base na fundamentação teórica, foi elaborado um quadro de análise que especificou as abordagens que foram seguidas. Foi examinado como o contexto organizacional das empresas graduadas, que tiveram vínculo com Incubadora de Empresas de Universidade com atuação no setor de tecnologia, pode influenciar a desaprendizagem organizacional. Foram descritas mudanças nas rotinas organizacionais das empresas graduadas, tendo sido tratadas rotinas específicas, a partir dos processos de criação e desenvolvimento de novos negócios. Foi verificada a ocorrência de desaprendizagem organizacional, com predominância do descarte da rotina de elaboração ou atualização de plano de negócios. Foram identificados tipos de interação entre aprendizagem e desaprendizagem organizacional, constatando-se ocorrência de aprendizagem organizacional isolada em todas as rotinas examinadas e classificação de todas as situações de desaprendizagem organizacional como isolada. Assim, foi corroborada a distinção entre os dois processos. Não foram observadas situações de desaprendizagem organizacional precedendo tampouco ocorrendo simultaneamente à aprendizagem organizacional. Foi verificada reaprendizagem apenas na rotina de elaboração ou atualização de plano de negócios. Percebeu-se que não somente após a graduação, mas também durante o período de incubação, o contexto dessas empresas oferece oportunidades para o estudo da desaprendizagem organizacional. Proposições foram formuladas, tendo sido fundamentadas nas literaturas de incubação de empresas, processos de criação e desenvolvimento de novos negócios e desaprendizagem organizacional.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-22T18:15:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielvalentimmansur.pdf: 1331865 bytes, checksum: f5bb0d7d46a9a32e09b4be36b94f90aa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T18:56:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 danielvalentimmansur.pdf: 1331865 bytes, checksum: f5bb0d7d46a9a32e09b4be36b94f90aa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T18:56:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 danielvalentimmansur.pdf: 1331865 bytes, checksum: f5bb0d7d46a9a32e09b4be36b94f90aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-16 / Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar as formas de criação artística engendradas pelo escritor Julio Cortázar a partir da noção de poética e de desaprendizado que ele retira da musicalidade do saxofonista Charlie Parker, um dos precursores do bebop surgido na virada para a década de 1940. Focando obras literárias e críticas selecionadas, produzidas pelo autor entre as décadas de 1940 e 1960, tentamos demonstrar como a transformação de Parker em personagem de Cortázar (Parker-em-Cortázar), no conto “O perseguidor” (1959), consolida um processo poético de acesso à realidade como fonte de criação artística, em constante tensão com o outro lado de nossa moeda: o processo racional e científico de produção de conhecimento. / This work aims at analyzing the forms of artistic creation engendered by writer Julio Cortázar from the notion of poetics and unlearning he derives from the musicality of saxophonist Charlie Parker, one of the pioneers of bebop, emerged at the turn of the 1940s. Focusing on selected literary and critical works produced by the author between the 1940s and 1960s, we try to demonstrate how the transformation of Parker in a Cortázar‘s character (Parker-in-Cortázar), in the short story "O perseguidor" (1959), consolidates a poetic access to reality process as a source of artistic creation, in constant tension with the other side of our same coin: the rational and scientific process of knowledge production.