In the base station system of the GSM mobile network there are a large number of counters tracking the behaviour of the system. When the software of the system is updated, we wish to find out which of the counters that have changed their behaviour. This thesis work has shown that the counter data can be modelled as a stochastic time series with a daily profile and a noise term. The change detection can be done by estimating the daily profile and the variance of the noise term and perform statistical hypothesis tests of whether the mean value and/or the daily profile of the counter data before and after the software update can be considered equal. When the chosen counter data has been analysed, it seems to be reasonable in most cases to assume that the noise terms are approximately independent and normally distributed, which justies the hypothesis tests. When the change detection is tested on data where the software is unchanged and on data with known software updates, the results are as expected in most cases. Thus the method seems to be applicable under the conditions studied.

For many data access applications, the availability of the most updated information is a fundamental and rigid requirement. In spite of many technological improvements, in wireless networks, wireless channels (or bandwidth) are the most scarce resources and hence are expensive. Data access from remote sites heavily depends on these expensive resources. Due to affordable smart mobile devices and tremendous popularity of various Internet-based services, demand for data from these mobile devices are growing very fast. In many cases, it is becoming impossible for the wireless data service providers to satisfy the demand for data using the current network infrastructures. An efficient caching scheme at the client side can soothe the problem by reducing the amount of data transferred over the wireless channels. However, an update event makes the associated cached data objects obsolete and useless for the applications. Frequencies of data update, as well as data access play essential roles in cache access and replacement policies. Intuitively, frequently accessed and infrequently updated objects should be given higher preference while preserving in the cache. However, modeling this intuition is challenging, particularly in a network environment where updates are injected by both the server and the clients, distributed all over networks. In this thesis, we strive to make three inter-related contributions. Firstly, we propose two enhanced cache access policies. The access policies ensure strong consistency of the cached data objects through proactive or reactive interactions with the data server. At the same time, these policies collect information about access and update frequencies of hosted objects to facilitate efficient deployment of the cache replacement policy. Secondly, we design a replacement policy which plays the decision maker role when there is a new object to accommodate in a fully occupied cache. The statistical information collected by the access policies enables the decision making process. This process is modeled around the idea of preserving frequently accessed but less frequently updated objects in the cache. Thirdly, we analytically show that a cache management scheme with the proposed replacement policy bundled with any of the cache access policies guarantees optimum amount of data transmission by increasing the number of effective hits in the cache system. Results from both analysis and our extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed policies outperform the popular Least Frequently Used (LFU) policy in terms of both effective hits and bandwidth consumption. Moreover, our flexible system model makes the proposed policies equally applicable to applications for the existing 3G, as well as upcoming LTE, LTE Advanced and WiMAX wireless data access networks.

Abstract BA CHAN LI LU YUN HE YUE ¡]Like cloud-veiled moon the thousand-mile land disappears . From the tune of Yue Fei¡¦s ¡§The River All Red¡¨.¡^, a TV program that cooperated with the government¡¦s 1987 open policy ( Taiwan residents can visit their relatives on the mainland ) in the early days , reinforced the Taiwan People¡¦s desire for the historically blood-related Mainland China, and even accidentally attracted a huge amount of Taiwanese venture capital to help create a magnet for China¡¦s Tourism. Frankly, Taiwanese traveling groups made a praiseworthy achievement for the development and advancement of China¡¦s livelihood nowadays; that proves the importance of tourism industry in one country¡¦s the economic development. Even though the government finally adopted a loose policy that people of Mainland Area could make a detour to Taiwan, our economy is in great recession at the same time. However, the tiny income of tourism and the very few number of traveling groups are just like a flat ball. Nowadays, Taiwan¡¦s livelihood is highly in need of RenMinBi. People of Mainland Area¡¦s craze and familiarity for Taiwan is no less than of which the Taiwanese for the ¡§BA CHAN LI LU YUN HE YUE¡¨. If the tourism industry of Southern Taiwan, suffered the most from the decreasing economy, could rely on visitors from Mainland Area, Taiwan¡¦s economy could revive again. This research is applied through a series of academic studies, in-depth interviews and strategic analysis .First of all , over a long period of time serving in the central institution of public opinions, I am exposed to all kinds of public affairs and pleas. Therefore, the part of in-depth interviews is accumulated by my personal experiences throughout years. Secondly, the occasions of interviews vary from personal pleas, group pleas to public hearings. Finally, the above records are restricted within my personal notes, and therefore it¡¦s a great regret that I can not list all the relative records. As for the strategic analysis, the government reform in the recent years is influenced by the enterprise¡¦s efficiency, and amongst all, the enterprise¡¦s strategic analysis is also entrusted by the analysis of public policy. The strategic analysis applied in this research includes basic legal institutions, SWOT and Michael Porter¡¦s five forces. Because the development of strategy should be provide with some fixed level of resources, in this research I systematically classify Taiwan¡¦s software and hardware¡¦s terms to accommodate visitors from Mainland and foreign countries. As the discovery of this research, Taiwan will face these three challenges from visitors of Mainland Area whom would become the largest proportion of tourists : first of all , the policy and the vision is not clear enough so that the partnership between the government and the private industry is unable to attract tourists together; secondly, the laws can¡¦t match the practice which leads to the incorporation in this partnership; finally, the marketing can¡¦t entirely integrated with the management which result in the waste of resources. Synthesized the opinions of interviews, facing with all the Asian countries target tourists from Mainland China, our whole country should make concrete efforts to build up the matters concerned about the new tourism industry. The policy needs new goal and new though and demands immediate attention. In the related strategies, ¡§MICE¡¨ is affirmed by realizing the concept of ¡§SMILE¡¨. ¡§MICE¡¨ is composed by the four initials of ¢Ûeeting, Incentives, Conference and Exhibition. According to the denotation is the abbreviation of business conferences and exhibitions. Namely, if the government and the private industry can make use of all kinds of local or cultural distinguishing features and hold international and dynamic conferences and exhibitions. Besides promoting the revival of business affairs, the tourism revenues will be increased by intellectually customized traveling services. The impressive ¡§SMILE¡¨ is the five initials of Service, Market, Inno-value, Life and Employment , passed in the Executive Yuan Council of ¡§Guilding Principles of Service Industry ¡¨. According to the above statements, I suggest we should use ¡§MAI SHI WEI XIAO¡¨ to replace ¡§MICE¡¨ and ¡§SMILE¡¨ as a embedded Taiwanese local expression and succinct marketing objective , and to represent the smile¡¦s renaissance of seller¡¦s market. In conclusion, in the era of consumers¡¦ awareness awaking, a country or a city which is lack of natural resorts should employ the trend of ¡§Global Business Era¡¨ to hold all kinds of international conferences and exhibitions which bring the benefit of economic scale based on its advantages creating a niche market, and match up ¡§Differentiated Marketing Strategy¡¨ and ¡§Value-adding Marketing¡¨ to generate the maximum profit.

Techn. Univ., Diss.--Braunschweig, 2007.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Dans la nature existent de nomreux exemples de systèmes dynamiques complexes: systèmes neuronaux, communautés, écosystèmes, réseaux de régulation génétiques, etc. Ces derniers, en particulier, sont de notre intérêt et sont souvent modélisés par des réseaux booléens. Un réseau booléenne peut être considérée comme un digraphe, où les sommets correspondent à des gènes ou de produits de gènes, tandis que les arcs indiquent les interactions entre eux. Une niveau d'expression des gènes est modélisé par des valeurs binaires, 0 ou 1, indiquant deux états de la transcription, soit activité, soit inactivité, respectivement, et ce niveau change dans le temps selon certains fonction locaux d'activation qui dépend des états d'un ensemble de nœuds (les gènes). L'effet conjoint des fonctions d'activation locale définit une fonction de transition globale: ainsi, le autre élément nécessaire dans la description du modèle est fonction de mise à jour, qui détermine quand chaque nœud doit être mis à jour, et donc, comme les fonctions local se combinent dans une fonction globale (en d'autres termes, il doit décrire les temps relative de les activités régulatoires). Comme un réseau booléen avec n sommets a 2 ^ n états globaux, à partir d'un état ​​de départ, et dans un nombre fini de mises à jour, le réseau atteindra un fixe point ou un cycle limite, appelée attracteurs qui sont souvent associées à des phénotypes distincts (états-cellulaire) définis par les patrons d'activité des gènes. Un réseau de régulation Booléenne (REBN) est un réseau Booléen où chaque interaction entre les éléments de la réseau correspond soit à une interaction positif ou d'une interaction négative. Ainsi, le digraphe interaction associée à une REBN est un digraphe signé où un circuit est appelé positif (négatif) si le nombre de ses arcs négative est pair (impair). Dans ce contexte, il y a diverses études sur l'importance du les circuits positif et négatifs dans le comportement dynamique de différents systèmes en Biologie. En effet le point de départ de cette thèse est basée sur un résultat en disant que le nombre maximal de points fixes d'une REBN dépend d'un ensemble de cardinalité minimale qu'intersecte tous les cycles positifs (également dénommés positive feedback vertex set) du digraphe signé associé. D'autre part, un autre aspect important de circuits est leur rôle dans la robustesse des réseaux booléens par rapport différents types de mise à jour déterministe. Dans ce contexte, un élément clé mathématique est le update digraphe qui est un digraphe étiqueté associé à la réseau dont les étiquettes sur les arcs sont définies comme suit: un arc (u,v) est dit être positif si l'état de sommet u est mis à jour en même temps ou après que celle de v, et négative sinon. Ainsi, un cycle dans le digraphe étiqueté est dite positive (négative) si tous ses arcs sont positifs (négatifs). Cela laisse en évidence que parler de "positif" et "négatif" a des significations différentes selon le contex: digraphes signé ou digraphes étiquetés. Ainsi, nous allons voir dans cette thèse, les relations entre les feedback sets et la dynamique des réseaux Booléens à travers l'étude analytique de ces deux fondamentaux objets mathématiques: le digraphe (de connexion) signé et l'update digraphe.

For many data access applications, the availability of the most updated information is a fundamental and rigid requirement. In spite of many technological improvements, in wireless networks, wireless channels (or bandwidth) are the most scarce resources and hence are expensive. Data access from remote sites heavily depends on these expensive resources. Due to affordable smart mobile devices and tremendous popularity of various Internet-based services, demand for data from these mobile devices are growing very fast. In many cases, it is becoming impossible for the wireless data service providers to satisfy the demand for data using the current network infrastructures. An efficient caching scheme at the client side can soothe the problem by reducing the amount of data transferred over the wireless channels. However, an update event makes the associated cached data objects obsolete and useless for the applications. Frequencies of data update, as well as data access play essential roles in cache access and replacement policies. Intuitively, frequently accessed and infrequently updated objects should be given higher preference while preserving in the cache. However, modeling this intuition is challenging, particularly in a network environment where updates are injected by both the server and the clients, distributed all over networks. In this thesis, we strive to make three inter-related contributions. Firstly, we propose two enhanced cache access policies. The access policies ensure strong consistency of the cached data objects through proactive or reactive interactions with the data server. At the same time, these policies collect information about access and update frequencies of hosted objects to facilitate efficient deployment of the cache replacement policy. Secondly, we design a replacement policy which plays the decision maker role when there is a new object to accommodate in a fully occupied cache. The statistical information collected by the access policies enables the decision making process. This process is modeled around the idea of preserving frequently accessed but less frequently updated objects in the cache. Thirdly, we analytically show that a cache management scheme with the proposed replacement policy bundled with any of the cache access policies guarantees optimum amount of data transmission by increasing the number of effective hits in the cache system. Results from both analysis and our extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed policies outperform the popular Least Frequently Used (LFU) policy in terms of both effective hits and bandwidth consumption. Moreover, our flexible system model makes the proposed policies equally applicable to applications for the existing 3G, as well as upcoming LTE, LTE Advanced and WiMAX wireless data access networks.

Zugl.: Braunschweig, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2006

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-03T21:52:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HUGO FEITOSA DE FIGUEIRÊDO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2009..pdf: 2524258 bytes, checksum: 14119ff36e281c839965a8a0ddc61686 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T21:52:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HUGO FEITOSA DE FIGUEIRÊDO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2009..pdf: 2524258 bytes, checksum: 14119ff36e281c839965a8a0ddc61686 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-18 / As aplicações cientes de contexto estão se tornando populares, como consequência de avanços tecnológicos em dispositivos móveis, sensores e comunicação de redes sem fio. Entretanto, desenvolver um sistema ciente de contexto envolve vários desafios. Por exemplo, quais serão as informações contextuais, como representar, adquirir e processar essas informações e como estas serão utilizadas pelo sistema. Alguns frameworks e middlewares foram propostos na literatura para auxiliar programadores a superar esses desafios, porém ainda faltam mecanismos que auxiliem usuários finais na personalização dessas aplicações. Além disso, a maioria das soluções propostas não possui um modelo de contexto extensível baseado em ontologias ou n˜ao utiliza uma comunicação que permita aproveitar as potencialidades dos modelos que seguem esta abordagem. Este trabalho propõe uma infraestrutura de suporte a aplicações cientes de contexto que possui um modelo de contexto extensível baseado em ontologias e comunicação entre os elementos utilizando SPARQL e SPARQL Update. Também são propostas ferramentas para usuários finais criarem e validarem visualmente regras contextuais. / Context-aware applications have become popular as a consequence of the technological advances on mobile devices, sensors, and wireless network communication. However, there are many challenges in the development of these applications. For instance, which contextual information will be used, how to represent, capture, proccess and use the context in the system are some of such application development challenges. Frameworks and middlewares to improve context-aware application development have been proposed, but they still lack helping users in customizing their applications. Furthemore most proposed solutions do not have an extensible ontology-based context model and an efficient communication which enables to explore the main features of such approach. This work proposes an infrastructure to support context-aware applications, which uses an extensible ontology-based context model and communication through SPARQL and SPARQL Update. Also there are visual tools aiming to helpend-users in the creation and validation of context rules.

Este trabalho é a narrativa de uma experiência didática de aplicação de um módulo que integrou o tópico de Supercondutividade no Ensino Médio regular de uma escola pública situada na cidade de Veranópolis, RS, sob o referencial teórico da Teoria dos Campos Conceituais de Gérard Vergnaud. Descrevem-se em detalhe as situações-problema e os recursos selecionados e utilizados, bem como a sequência de como o tema foi abordado no ensino regular, com turmas de terceiro ano. A forma como o módulo foi pensado e o nível de profundidade que foi possível alcançar aparecem ao longo do texto, que também oferece uma revisão da literatura em que a relevância da inclusão da Física Moderna e Contemporânea no currículo do Ensino Médio é discutida. O resultado indica que é possível trabalhar assuntos de Física Moderna e Contemporânea no ensino regular, que os alunos apreciam e mostram disposição para aprender assuntos atuais e que o esforço para introduzir pequenas atualizações curriculares é válido e precisa ser incentivado como uma das possíveis alternativas para se alcançar a melhoria de qualidade na Educação Básica. Ao final, um produto educacional em formato de texto de apoio, orientação e motivação aos professores de Física é apresentado. / This work is a narrative of an application teaching experience that composed the topic of Superconductivity in a Public High School located in Veranópolis city, RS, with the theoretical reference of the Conceptual Fields Theory from Gérard Vergnaud. The problem situations and the selected used resources are detailed described, as well the sequence like it was seen with high school third year students. The way the module was thought and the possible intensity level are throughout the text, which also offers a literature review where there are discussions about the relevance of the Modern and contemporary Physics inclusion in High School curriculum. The result indicates that it is possible to develop Modern and contemporary Physics issues in High School, because the students enjoy and cheer learning current topics, and that the effort to insert small curriculum changes is valid and needs to be encouraged as one possible solution to achieve the Basic Education quality improvement. At the end, it is presented an educational product as a supporting text, orientation and motivation to Physics’ teachers.