Global ETD Search

11	Wireless access pricing. January 2011 (has links) Leung, Kwan Fong. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-66). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.10 / Chapter 1.1 --- Motivation and Overview --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2 --- Thesis Outline --- p.13 / Chapter 2 --- Problem Formulation --- p.15 / Chapter 2.1 --- Basic Wireless Market Model --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2 --- "User's Utility, Payment, Payoff, and Demand" --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3 --- Network Costs --- p.18 / Chapter 2.4 --- Access Price --- p.20 / Chapter 3 --- Fixed Coverage Two Base Stations Model --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1 --- Social Optimal User Pricing --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2 --- Social Optimal Access Pricing --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- "Networks' Profit-Maximizing User Pricing Given Fixed Access Prices:TT1* (α1 α2) and TT2* (α1, α2)" --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Social Optimal Access Pricing: αS1 and αS2 --- p.27 / Chapter 3.3 --- Deregulated User Pricing and Access Pricing --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- User's Optimal Data Rate Demand in Stage III --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Operators' User Pricing in Stage II --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Operators' Access Pricing in Stage I --- p.31 / Chapter 4 --- Full Coverage Two Base Stations Model --- p.34 / Chapter 4.1 --- Full Coverage Wireless Market Model --- p.34 / Chapter 4.2 --- Users' choice of service providers --- p.35 / Chapter 4.3 --- Social Optimal User Pricing --- p.36 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Numerical study --- p.38 / Chapter 4.4 --- Deregulated case - Profit-maximizing access price and user price --- p.41 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Numerical Study --- p.45 / Chapter 5 --- Full Coverage Three Base Stations Model --- p.46 / Chapter 5.1 --- Three base-stations Full Coverage Market Model --- p.46 / Chapter 5.2 --- Social Optimal User Prices --- p.48 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Numerical Study --- p.50 / Chapter 5.3 --- Deregulated scenario --- p.53 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Numerical Study --- p.57 / Chapter 6 --- Conclusions and Future Work --- p.60 / Bibliography --- p.63 Wireless communication systems--Prices Mobile communication systems--Rates User charges--Mathematical models
12	User fee for wilderness recreation: a comparison of user characteristics and travel cost demand functions for Linville Gorge wilderness area and Grandfather Mountain backcountry, North Carolina Cook, Philip S. January 1986 (has links) User fees for federal Wilderness have been suggested as a way to reduce deficit spending on Wilderness recreation and supplement decreasing management budgets. This study examines the users of Linville Gorge Wilderness, a federal free area, and Grandfather Mountain Backcountry, a nearby private fee area, to determine if fees would exclude any socioeconomic or other user group who presently uses wilderness and determine if fees are acceptable to users. The study compares users' socioeconomic characteristics and travel cost demand functions and analyzes attitudes towards fees to determine the extent to which fees are likely to change use behavior. No difference is found in the socioeconomic characteristics of the users of the fee and the free area, suggesting fees excluding any for federal Wilderness are equitable, not excluding any socioeconomic group currently using Wilderness. The trip demand functions of the travel cost models for the two areas are statistically the same, suggesting users are making the same economic decision when visiting each area. Fees are found to be acceptable to users if Wilderness will deteriorate without fees and fee revenues are spent on Wilderness management. Users suggest about $25 for an annual Wilderness permit and about two dollars for a daily fee as reasonable amounts. Most users say the fee at Grandfather Mountain does not influence their decision to visit, suggesting fees will not greatly affect demand at federal Wilderness. The site demand function for Linville Gorge predicts a large decrease in demand, but this is common to most travel cost models and does not usually prove true. Further research of the travel cost model and the administrative feasibility of suggested fee levels is recommended. / M.S. LD5655.V855 1986.C665 National parks and reserves -- Fees User charges
13	Eseje z ekonomie zdravotnictví a zdravotní politiky / Essays on Health Economics and Health Policy Votápková, Jana January 2020 (has links) Dissertation Thesis: Essays on Health Economics and Health Policy Author: PhDr. Jana Votápková Advisor: doc. PhDr. Martin Gregor, Ph.D. Academic year: 2019/2020 This dissertation thesis is a collection of three applied economics essays and a comprehensive discussion essay which includes policy recommendations resulting from the empirical essays included in this dissertation thesis, and other early work of the author. The topics analyzed were motivated by recent Czech healthcare reforms that address the recommendations raised by the OECD. Firstly, efficiency of Czech general hospitals is analyzed stressing the need for a well-functioning DRG system. Secondly, inpatient user charges which were introduced in 2008 and abolished shortly after, are analyzed as a tool which increases private participation in healthcare expenses and thus may boost healthcare efficiency both through additional resources and reduction of excess demand for healthcare services. Thirdly, personal savings, pre-retirement savings in particular, are viewed as another private source which could ease the tight public healthcare and pension budgets. It is shown that health status is a positive determinant for pre-retirement liquid savings, thus preventive health programs should be given a priority within the Czech healthcare system.
14	An evaluation on 2007 obstetric service policy in Hong Kong: a solution to the service-seeking behaviourof Mainland pregnant women? Shiu, Wan-yee, Ruby., 邵韻儀. January 2007 (has links) published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration User charges - China - Hong Kong.
15	Crisis of the user charges in the Argentine Republic: reflections in light of the jurisprudence of Peru, Uruguay and Brazil / Crisis de las Tasas en la República Argentina: reflexiones a la luz de Jurisprudencia de Perú, Uruguay y Brasil Luna Requena, Álvaro Carlos 10 April 2018 (has links) The article sets out that argentinean municipalities are legally banned from raising taxes, but are allowed to levy user charges for specific services. Nevertheless, such limitation is overlooked by the municipalities by means of introducing the “ability top ay” principle within the structure of the taxable base of said user charges. The author concludes that such mechanism distorts the user charge, altering its essence, with the result of transforming it into a mere tax, with the resulting violation of the current legislation.The author critically reviews argentinean case law that has given grounds to such a fiscal deviation and –in order to make his point- compares it with jurisprudence registered on this issue by the Supreme Courts of Peru, Brazil and Uruguay. Such comparison evidences that, if argentinean courts were to apply the criteria said of those Supreme Courts, almost every user charge in Argentina would have to be declared unconstitutional. / El artículo expone que los municipios argentinos están legalmente vedados de cobrar impuestos, viendo limitado su poder tributario al cobro de tasas. Sin embargo, en la práctica eluden esa prohibición mediante la maniobra de introducir en su base imponible criterios puros de capacidad contributiva (vgr. el monto de ventas), con total prescindencia del costo de los servicios retribuidos.El autor reseña críticamente la jurisprudencia de los tribunales argentinos, los cuales han convalidado el uso del principio de capacidad contributiva en materia de tasas. También efectúa una comparación con el tratamiento que esta cuestión ha tenido en los máximos tribunales de Perú, Brasil y Uruguay. Dicha comparación deja en evidencia que, de aplicarse en Argentina los criterios uniformemente sostenidos por los tribunales de estos tres países, una parte sustancial de las tasas hoy vigentes en este último país debería ser declarada inconstitucional. Law Fiscal Power User Charges Contributive Capacity Principle Equivalence Principle Cost Of Services Compared Case Law Poder Tributario Tasas Principio De Capacidad Contributiva Principio De Equivalencia Costo De Los Servicios Jurisprudencia Comparada
16	Financial Evaluation Of Milege Based User Fees For Florida's Transportation Funding Moradi, Massoud 01 January 2012 (has links) Motor fuel taxes have been collected as a principal source of highway funding for close to a century. They account for approximately two thirds of all the highway user fees and about half of all highway expenditures. Federal fuel taxes have not kept pace with the inflation in general and increasing traffic demand and resulting construction, maintenance and operation costs of the transportation assets in particular. Lack of political will, combined with rising anti-tax sentiment among the populace, has kept the federal tax level not only well below its initial intents, but also at a unsustainable level in future. Mileage based user fees are possibly an alternative to the fuel taxes, which have been the main mechanism for funding the transportation system. Mileage based user fees have been successfully utilized in many parts of the world with glowing results. Germany‟s “TollCollect”, a quasi government enterprise has utilized GPS technology in collecting the users‟ fee from the truck operators. The system has been a financial engine providing much needed funding for many major transportation projects. Oregon Department of Transportation, in a federally co-funded pilot project, examined the practicality of the mileage based user fee collection at the fuel pumps. According to the Oregon study, there are not any major technical difficulties in mileage based user fee collection at the pump. Study participants (general motorist) did not express any objection to the mileage based user fee collection. This dissertation evaluates revenue impacts of several pricing policies including: Current per gallon fuel taxes, conversion to a mileage based user fee, time of day user fee application, iv area type user fee and congestion priced user fees. State of Florida‟s years 2015-2035 fuel revenue forecast is used as a case study. A model is constructed to estimate annual vehicle miles travelled for the analyses period. Fuel efficiencies, current per gallon fuel taxes and their corresponding mileage-based user fee equivalents are the input to a financial model developed for comparisons. Results demonstrate that decrease in fuel revenues due to vehicles fuel efficiency improvements can be offset by replacing current per gallon fuel taxes with a mileage-based user fee. Pricing the user fee according to area type, roadway classification, time of day and congestion level can not only generate more revenues but also assist in demand management. Motor fuels -- Taxation -- Florida Transportation -- Florida -- Finance User charges -- Florida Fuel taxes miles per gallon vehicle miles travelled mileage based user fees transportation funding Civil Engineering Engineering
17	The financing of a nonpure public good : the case of roads Naude, C. M. (Clifford Marnetz), 1965- 06 1900 (has links) This dissertation is concerned with the financing of roads in terms of public finance economic theory. The theory of public goods is applied to the case of roads and it is concluded that roads possess significant elements of privateness and are therefore nonpure public goods. Given that roads are nonpure public goods, and that the market for roads has natural monopoly characteristics, it is proposed that user charges have a role to play in the financing of roads. Road user charging techniques such as licence fees, fuel levies, tolls, area licensing, parking charges and weight-distance charges are evaluated. The advantages of user charging versus tax earmarking and general fund financing are examined. A road financing system for South Africa is proposed, whereby National roads are financed by user charges, and Provincial and Local roads are financed partly by user charges and partly by general taxes. / Economics and Management Sciences / Thesis (M.Com.)--University of South Africa, 1996. Road financing Public finance Public goods theory Nonpure public goods User charges Licence fees Fuel levies Toll charges Area licensing Parking charges Weight-distance charges Tax earmarking General fund financing 388.114 Roads -- Economic aspects Roads -- Finance Toll roads
18	The financing of a nonpure public good : the case of roads Naude, C. M. (Clifford Marnetz), 1965- 06 1900 (has links) This dissertation is concerned with the financing of roads in terms of public finance economic theory. The theory of public goods is applied to the case of roads and it is concluded that roads possess significant elements of privateness and are therefore nonpure public goods. Given that roads are nonpure public goods, and that the market for roads has natural monopoly characteristics, it is proposed that user charges have a role to play in the financing of roads. Road user charging techniques such as licence fees, fuel levies, tolls, area licensing, parking charges and weight-distance charges are evaluated. The advantages of user charging versus tax earmarking and general fund financing are examined. A road financing system for South Africa is proposed, whereby National roads are financed by user charges, and Provincial and Local roads are financed partly by user charges and partly by general taxes. / Economics and Management Sciences / Thesis (M.Com.)--University of South Africa, 1996. Road financing Public finance Public goods theory Nonpure public goods User charges Licence fees Fuel levies Toll charges Area licensing Parking charges Weight-distance charges Tax earmarking General fund financing 388.114 Roads -- Economic aspects Roads -- Finance Toll roads
19	Crisis and mutation of the public health service in Spain / Crisis y mutación del servicio público sanitario en España Cantero Martínez, Josefa 10 April 2018 (has links) The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects that recent health reforms adopted in Spain because of the economic crisis have had on the National Health System. It is not only a matter of mere budgetary cuts or measures of saving in the public expense. Reforms are looking for the efficiency and financial sustainability of health care services. However, a «mutation» in the public service has taken place. Reforms have affected the basic principles of the public system: the insurance model, its universality, the financing of the system and the principles of equity and cohesion of the public service. / El objeto de este trabajo es analizar los efectos que las reformas adoptadas recientemente en España con motivo de la crisis económica han tenido en el servicio público sanitario. No se trata solo de meros recortes presupuestarios y de medidas de ahorro en el gasto público. Las reformas buscan la eficiencia y la sostenibilidad económica del sistema sanitario. Sin embargo, han producido una importante «mutación» del servicio público que ha afectado a los principios básicos inspiradores del modelo, al modelo de aseguramiento, a su universalidad, a su financiación y, con ello, a los principios de equidad y cohesión del sistema. National Health System Sustainability Of Health Care Services Universality Public Service Health Reforms User Charges Health Coverage Right To The Protection Of The Health Illegal Immigrants Sistema Público Sanitario Sostenibilidad Del Sistema Universalidad Reformas Sanitarias Servicio Público Copagos Cobertura Sanitaria Derecho A La Protección De La Salud Inmigrantes Irregulares
20	Les biens d'usage public en droit colombien / Regulation of public property available for public use in colombian law Pimiento-Echeverri, Julian-Andres 02 May 2011 (has links) Les biens d'usage public sont la catégorie centrale de la construction du droit administratif des biens. L'absence d'une analyse d'ensemble de la catégorie, en droit colombien, pousse à revoir les bases sur lesquelles elle repose et ses conséquences. Plus que toute autre catégorie juridique, les biens d'usage public sont tributaires de leur histoire, c'est dans l'étude de cette dernière que se trouvent les clés d'interprétation de tout le système. Le modèle utilisé par le code civil colombien a été calqué sur la division des biens publics, opérée par le droit espagnol colonial – inspirée à son tour du droit romain. Une mise à jour s'avère nécessaire. À partir de la notion de propriété publique, et de son régime constitutionnel, il est possible de construire une définition matérielle des biens d'usage public, permettant de comprendre les caractéristiques de l'usage public. Cela implique, aussi, une révision complète du régime juridique à la lumière de l'exploitation sociale et économique – valorisation – de la propriété publique. À une triple protection, celle de la propriété publique, du bien d'usage public et de l'usager, s'ajoute une nouvelle approche des occupations privatives. Cette idée d'exploitation sociale et économique anime un nouveau régime des titres habilitant l'occupation privative, des redevances pour occupation des biens d'usage public et des droits réels administratifs. / Regulation of public property available for public use is at the core of administrative law. The Colombian Civil Code has copied colonial Spanish law in the matter, which in turn was inspired by Roman law. However, the absence of an exhaustive and coherent regulation in Colombia has forced the interpreter to study its foundation and further developments to interpret it. An update of this legal system is, therefore, imperative. Beginning with the concept of public property and its constitutional regulation, it is poss ible to analyze the elements of its public use, which will allow proposing a definition of those assets. It is necessary to analyze the regulation of these public properties under the light of their social and economic value. The protection granted by the law to the concepts of public property, public use and public user, has to be assessed under the new approach of the administrative authorizations pertaining to such public property. This notion of social and economic value will also allow scholars/people to have a new vision of the regulation of administrative authorizations, the exclusive rights (in rem) they confer and the income they produce. Affectation Biens d'usage public Biens fiscaux Espace public Domaine éminent Domaine public Droit administratif des biens Droits collectifs Droit colombien Droit espagnol Droits fondamentaux Droit français Droits réels administratifs Espace hertzien Occupation privative Propriété publique Redevance Titres d'habilitation Valorisation Vendeurs ambulants Colombie Espagne France Administrative authorizations Administrative law Collective rights Collective Actions Colombian law French law Eminent domain In rem rights Private property Public domain Public property available for public use Public resources Exclusive rights on public property Property for public use User charges Colombia Colonies -- Spain -- Law and legislation France

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