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The new knowledge economy has created a global interest on the valuation of intellectual capital as well as its impact on firm performance and value. Developing economies have relatively only begun to investigate this relationship and progress has already been made in South Africa by a few researchers. The purpose of this study is to add to this investigation by exploring the relationship between intellectual capital and firm performance for South African listed firms in intellectual capital-intensive industries. A gap exists in South African research regarding the long-term impact of intellectual capital on firm performance. This relationship is important to define as firms may well make inappropriate decisions based on short-term relationships that do not create long-term value. This study applies a lag model in an aim to investigate this relationship in addition to the short-term relationship that exists between intellectual capital and firm performance. The study involves a quantitative analysis of data collected from firms in intellectual capital-intensive industries and makes use of the VAIC model developed by Ante Pulic to value intellectual capital. Measures of firm performance used are return on assets, total asset turnover and market capitalization. This study also makes use of panel data covering 62 JSE listed companies over 10 years. Empirical results show mixed outcomes regarding the relationship between intellectual capital and firm performance for both short-term models and lagged models. In some instances, no association was observed between intellectual capital and performance.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T00:36:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Joao Francisco de Aguiar1.pdf: 1521288 bytes, checksum: 12c793c2bd4edcf459af8c0bd0c4e178 (MD5) Joao Francisco de Aguiar2.pdf: 1430280 bytes, checksum: 1496a64466299ab01cb45e5bf83ab6bd (MD5) Joao Francisco de Aguiar3.pdf: 1408783 bytes, checksum: 538e78badd398155d47774982d672ab2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-14 / In observing the growth of the market to book value ratio of companies in the period from 1959 to 2007, we can see an uptrend period from 1974 to 2007; in this period the same trend is confirmed this time by the ratio of Investments in Intangible Assets over GDP, reaching a percentage of 8 to 10% in the USA in 2007, just as important as that of Tangible Assets on the same date. What has been surprising is the ratio of Investments in Intangible Assets over GDP growth beyond expectations in the last 40 years. For this reason, entrepreneurs, scholars and researchers, particularly, have shown growing interest in getting to know, classifying and creating indicators, estimating value, and above all, understanding its influence in the creation of value at companies. an important group of researchers, led by economist John Kenneth Galbraith, in 1969, began to perceive intangible assets as Intellectual Capital in 1969. There are several proposals regarding its classification, including one that proposed three components: Structural Capital, Human Capital and Relational Capital. In this context, the aim of the current survey was to test Pulic‟s Model (2000) of the Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC), seeking to evaluate its significance and that of its components (Capital Employed Efficiency, Human Capital Efficiency and Structural Capital Efficiency) in the creation of value. This model was applied and confirmed to a database adjusted from IBGE‟s Annual Industrial Survey PIA, in the period from 2000 to 2006 with a static panel data for all the five sectors studied, belonging to the Brazilian transformation industry comprising companies with more than 100 employees. Dynamic panel data was also corroborated in three sectors of the Brazilian Manufacturing Industry ( Manufacturing and Assembling Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Chassis; Furniture, Manufacturing and Sundry Industries (Toys) and Machinery and Equipment Industry). / Ao se observar a evolução da razão valor de mercado das empresas pelo valor patrimonial, no período que vai de 1920 a 1997, observa-se uma forte elevação entre 1974 e1997. Esta mesma tendência é confirmada desta vez pela razão dos Investimentos em Ativos Intangíveis sobre o PIB, no mesmo período, de 1974 a 2007, alcançando, em 2007, uma participação da ordem de 8ª a 10% nos EUA, tão importante quando a dos Ativos Tangíveis na mesma data. O que tem surpreendido é o crescimento acima do esperado pela razão dos Investimentos em Ativos Intangíveis sobre o PIB, nos últimos 40 anos . Por este motivo, empresários, acadêmicos e pesquisadores, principalmente, têm manifestado crescente interesse em conhecer, classificar, criar indicadores, estimar o valor e, sobretudo, compreender sua influência na criação de valor nas empresas. |Um grupo importante de pesquisadores, liderados pelo economista John Kenneth Galbraith, em 1969, passou a conceituar os intangíveis como Capital Intelectual. Há várias propostas quanto à sua classificação, dentre elas uma que propôs três componentes: Capital Estrutural, Capital Humano e Capital Relacional. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa, foi o de testar o Modelo de Pulic (2000), do Coeficiente Intelectual do Valor Adicionado (em inglês VAIC), buscando avaliar a sua significância e a de seus componentes ( Eficiência do Capital Empregado, Eficiência do Capital Humano e Eficiência do Capital Estrutural) na criação de valor . Este modelo foi aplicado a uma base de dados ajustada a partir da Pesquisa Industrial Anual PIA, do IBGE, no período 2000 a 2006, por meio de painel de dados estáticos para os cinco setores da Indústria Brasileira de Tranformação analisados, compreendendo empresas com mais de 100 empregados. O modelo estático foi corroborado para todos os setores. O modelo dinâmico de dados em painel foi testado e confirmado pelo método de Arelano & Bond para três setores, quais sejam Fabricação e Montagem de Veículos Automotores, Reboques e Carrocerias, Fabricação de Móveis e Indústrias Diversas e Fabricação de Máquinas e Equipamentos.

Measuring knowledge management performance was one of, if not the most challenging knowledge management activities. This study suggested using intellectual capital as a proxy for knowledge management performance in evaluating its impact on organizational performance. The Value Added Intellectual Coefficient model was employed to measure intellectual capital. Although being used widely in research, the model had its limitations. Also, for intellectual capital measurement, there was a lack of guidelines supported by empirical evidence or best practices. The present study aimed to test the classic and a modified version of this model, and based on the results, shed light on whether the classic version was good enough or the modified one should be highly recommended. The financial fundamental and market data of 425 randomly selected publicly listed firms were collected, and the structural equation modeling technique was employed to test the models. Chi-square difference test was performed to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference between these two models. The results of the tests indicated that the difference between them was insignificant. Therefore, it was concluded that the classic model is adequate, and it can be used effectively to measure intellectual capital. Adding two new efficiency elements – research and development efficiency and relational capital efficiency – in the model did not provide any significant benefit.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe išnagrinėta įmonių intelektinio kapitalo vertinimo koncepcija. Pirmoje darbo dalyje teoriniu požiūriu remiantis tiek moksline lietuvių, tiek užsienio autorių literatūra. Analizuojama intelektinio kapitalo, kaip subjekto, koncepcija, struktūra, įmonių intelektinio kapitalo vertinimo metodai. Antroje darbo dalyje aptariamas intelektinio kapitalo vertinimo būtinumas, procesas, metodika. Sukurtas įmonės intelektinio kapitalo vertinimo modelis, pateikiami vertinimo metodai hipotezių tikrinimui: turto grąža (ROA), nuosavo kapitalo grąža (ROE), pridėtinės vertės intelektualusis koeficientas (VAICTM), intelektinio kapitalo efektyvumo koeficientas (ICE), apskaičiuojamoji nematerialioji vertė (CIV), tikrinami koreliaciniai ryšiai tarp rodiklių. Tyrmui atlikti atrinkos 10 OMX Vilnius ir 6 OMX Talinas vertybinių popierių biržose listinguojamos Oficialiojo sąrašo įmonės. Trečioje darbo dalyje atliekamas empirinis tyrimas, pateikiami biržoje listinguojamų įmonių intelektinio kapitalo vertinimo rezultatai 2009 – 2012 metais, intelektinio kapitalo lygio rodiklių koreliaciniai ryšiai tarpusavyje ir su įmonių turto grąžos ROA ir nuosavo kapitalo grąžos ROE finansiniais rodikliais. Gauti vertinimo rezultatai lyginami su OMX Talinas vertybinių popierių biržoje listinguojamų įmonių rezultatais. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos išvados ir siūlymai sudaryto modelio gerinimui. / This Master’s thesis examines the concept of intellectual capital valuation of listed companies. The first part of the thesis analyses the concept of intellectual capital as a subject, its structure and methods of intellectual capital valuation from the theoretical point of view on the basis of scientific literature of both Lithuanian and foreign authors. The second part of the thesis discusses the necessity, process and methodology of intellectual capital valuation. Intellectual capital valuation model of a company is created and valuation methods to test hypotheses are presented: return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), value added intellectual coefficient (VAICTM), intellectual capital efficiency ratio (ICE), calculated intangible value (CIV), correlations between the indicators are examined. 10 companies listed in the Official List of OMX Vilnius and 6 of OMX Tallinn have been selected for the research. The empirical study is carried out in the third part of the thesis, where the results of intellectual capital valuation of listed companies in 2009 – 2012 as well as intercorrelations of the indicators of intellectual capital level and correlations among return on assets ROA and return on equity ROE financial indicators of the companies are presented. The obtained valuation results are compared to the results of companies listed in OMX Tallinn Stock Exchange. Finally, the conclusions and recommendations to improve the formed model are provided at the end of the... [to full text]

Актуальность обращения к оценке вклада интеллектуального капитала в добавленную стоимость объясняется тем, что в современной экономике и для ученых, и для компаний приоритетным становится вопрос о том, как и в какой степени, интеллектуальный капитал влияет на деятельность компании, и чего можно добиться, обладая таким знанием, чтобы улучшить ее финансовые показатели. Целью магистерской диссертации является развитие теоретических и методических положений об интеллектуальном капитале, способах измерения его вклада в результаты деятельности фирмы для разработки модели управления интеллектуальной добавленной стоимостью. Анализ основывался на изучении научно-периодической литературы, изучении существующих методик оценки интеллектуального капитала и интеллектуальной добавленной стоимости. В качестве источников информации использовались нормативно-правовые акты, база публикаций Российского индекса научного цитирования, представленная на ресурсе Elibrary, данные статистики по тематике исследования, данные бухгалтерской (финансовой) отчетности и внутренние документы исследуемого предприятия. В ходе написания магистерской диссертации была разработана модель управления интеллектуальной добавленной стоимостью на промышленном предприятии, базирующаяся на процессном подходе и по методике VAIC Пулика, отличительной особенностью которой является декомпозиция базовых бизнес-процессов, расчет интеллектуальной добавленной стоимости предприятия. Данная модель позволяет сосредоточить внимание на управлении интеллектуальным капиталом и его влиянии на добавленную стоимость, повышая тем самым обоснованность принимаемых управленческих решений, направленных на повышение прибыльности и конкурентоспособности предприятия. В результате апробации разработанной модели были предложены алгоритмы принятия решений по управлению интеллектуальной добавленной стоимостью на каждой фазе управленческого цикла бизнес-процессов. / The relevance of referring to assessing the contribution of intellectual capital to value added is explained by the fact that in the modern economy, both for scientists and companies, the priority is the question of how and to what extent intellectual capital affects the company's activities, and what can be achieved with such knowledge to improve its financial performance. The purpose of the master's thesis is the development of theoretical and methodological provisions on intellectual capital, ways to measure its contribution to the results of the company to develop a model of intellectual value added management. The analysis was based on the study of scientific-periodic literature, the study of existing methods for assessing intellectual capital and intellectual value added. The sources of information were the regulatory legal acts, the base of publications of the Russian Science Citation Index, presented on the Elibrary resource, statistical data on the subject of the research, data of the accounting (financial) reporting and internal documents of the enterprise under study. During the writing of the master's thesis, a model of management of intellectual value added at an industrial enterprise was developed, based on the process approach according to the method of VAIC Pulika, a distinctive feature of which is the decomposition of basic business processes, the calculation of intellectual value added enterprise. This model will focus on the management of intellectual capital and its impact on value added, thereby increasing the soundness of management decisions to increase the profitability and competitiveness of the enterprise. As a result of testing the developed model, decision-making algorithms for intellectual value added management were proposed for management at each phase of the management cycle as a set of business processes. As a result of approbation of the developed model, measures were proposed for the management of intellectual value added for management at each phase of the management cycle as a business process.

Submitted by Adriana Reis Pereira Netto (adriana.rpn@gmail.com) on 2015-01-12T15:43:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_AdrianaReis_vf.pdf: 1773297 bytes, checksum: 3d2e9d5081825f8c041e165b566b3b5b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2015-01-15T13:11:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_AdrianaReis_vf.pdf: 1773297 bytes, checksum: 3d2e9d5081825f8c041e165b566b3b5b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-01-16T19:32:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_AdrianaReis_vf.pdf: 1773297 bytes, checksum: 3d2e9d5081825f8c041e165b566b3b5b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-16T19:33:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_AdrianaReis_vf.pdf: 1773297 bytes, checksum: 3d2e9d5081825f8c041e165b566b3b5b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-09 / A importância dos ativos intangíveis tem aumentado nas últimas décadas, principalmente devido às mudanças na sociedade que fazem com que as empresas se voltem para a economia do conhecimento. Dessa forma, o maior entendimento desses ativos, seu gerenciamento e mensuração tornam-se fundamentais para crescimento das empresas. Nesse sentido, esta dissertação busca verificar se existe relação entre o capital intelectual das empresas brasileiras - mensurado através da razão Market-to-book, do Q de Tobin e do VAIC - e o setor da economia em que atuam. Os seis setores avaliados foram: Indústria manufatureira; Empresa de eletricidade, gás e água; Comércio varejista; Construção; Imobiliária e locadora de outros bens; e Transporte e armazenamento. Além disso, este trabalho visa analisar a correlação existente entre essas três diferentes formas de quantificação desses ativos. Os resultados encontrados mostram que existe diferença no valor atribuído aos ativos intangíveis de empresas de setores distintos para todos os indicadores estudados e que, em alguns casos, é possível apontar relações entre esses setores quando comparados dois a dois. Porém não se pôde identificar consistência dessas relações entre os diferentes indicadores. Dessa forma, foi constatado também que a escolha do método de quantificação influencia o nível de ativos intangíveis quando o objetivo é comparar diferentes empresas e setores.

經濟時代，智慧資本係企業創造競爭優勢及永續經營之核心關鍵，基於有效管理智慧資本，對其進行衡量之應用需求日漸殷切。本研究嘗試利用資料包絡分析法整合系統理論「投入—轉化—產出」之觀念，將智慧資本衡量指標區分為投入與產出項目，建構企業智慧資本轉換能力，並藉複迴歸分析，探討其對企業績效之影響；此外，與另外一項評估工具—智慧資本增值係數比較，探討何者對於企業績效具有相對較高之解釋能力。研究對象為我國2005年至2007年92家資訊電子業上市公司之縱橫資料。 實證結果發現，智慧資本轉換能力對市價淨值比未達顯著影響，顯示目前大部分投資人進行投資決策時較關注反映企業營運結果之財務產出面向，而不注重過程面資源投入產出間之成本效益分析；智慧資本轉換能力與資產週轉率呈正向相關並達顯著水準，亦即轉換能力越高，企業運用資源的效率越好；而在Vuong test檢測下，智慧資本轉換能力對企業績效解釋能力並未顯著優於智慧資本增值係數。本研究結果顯示，智慧資本轉換能力確實可提供一具體衡量企業智慧資本之指標，作為企業資源配置決策之有用資訊以提升企業經營績效。 / Intellectual capital(IC) is vital to achieving sustainable competitive advantage in the knowledge-based economy. In attempting to effectively managing IC, demands for IC measurement and application are increasing. This study integrates the system theory with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure a firm’s intellectual capital transform capability (ICTC). The main purpose of this study is to examine the association between ICTC and corporate performance. Moreover, the study also compares the relative explanatory ability about business performance between ICTC and Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAICTM). Samples are drawn from 92 listed firms in Taiwan information and electronics industry, covering a 3-year panel data from 2005 to 2007. The result indicates ICTC has a significant positive impact on asset turnover ratio, which suggests that ICTC can be an indicator to measure a firm's operating capability. However, ICTC is unrelated to market-to-book ratio, which shows that ICTC explains business operating performance better than market performance. The Vuong test reveals that in explaining the performance of a business VAICTM does not have a higher explanatory ability than ICTC. This finding implies that ICTC can provide a valuable indicator for measuring IC, help a firm to efficiently allocate its resource and improve a firm's operating performance.