This study investigated the electro-optic characteristics of VAN ¡]vertical-alignment nematic¡^liquid crystal device in passive mode, and tried to present the advantage of high contrast ratio which belongs to VA mode. The experiment consisted of three parts: 1. Change different cell thickness¡]d = 12£gm¡B6£gm¡B4.9£gm¡^. 2. Chang LC with the different value of dielectric¡]£G£`= -3.7¡B-6.1¡^. 3. Chang LC with different refraction anisotropy¡]£Gn = 0.15¡B0.078¡^. We drive those samples with different number of duty in passive mode, and to measure the electro-optic characteristics, including VT curve, response time, and contrast ratio. We knew that STN¡]Super Twist Nematic LCD¡^has the drawbacks of lower contrast ratio, higher operational voltage and slower response time within higher duty in passive mode. And the same problem comes with VAN in passive-drive mode, although it is said VAN has the high performance of contrast ratio. The contrast ratio is worse then STN when driving in higher duty. As a result of VAN is kind of ECB mode, its transparency has a big matter with light retardation. We find that in the same condition of driving duty, the value of cell gap or the £Gn become larger, the value of the sharpness and the contrast ratio become larger.

This paper study the influence of surface properties of encapsulated CLC on response time and reflectance via polymerization induced phase separation. The cured polymer layer, which is composed of the mixture of EMA and TRI, adhere to the inside of the non-treated glass substrate and change the surface properties to vertical alignments. Different boundary conditions caused by various UV curing intensity and cell gap lead to different electro-optical properties for CLC display. With a proper boundary structure, the transition time from homeotropic to planar of CLC can be reduced obviously with slightly reduced reflectance.

Polyimide alignment layer is a very important liquid crystal alignment. The most well-known Liquid crystal display (LCD) alignment methods are homogeneous alignment and homeotropic alignment. This paper research uses different fluff depth and number of rubbing into polyimide,and changes the level of rubbing strength, to observe how electro-optical properties of vertical liquid crystal alignment changes with rubbing strength. By rubbing polyimide with different rubbing strength, this research uses two kind of negative liquid crystal (¡µ£`<0) as samples. This research finds that when rubbing strength increases, the contrast ratio tends to drop.However, the contrast ratio rises after certain level of rubbing strength is applied. Regarding the response time, this research finds that when rubbing strength increases, the response time tends to drop as well. However, the response time rises and falls irregularly after certain level of rubbing strength is applied.

We investigate some problems commonly found when dealing with stereo images. Working within the context of visual effects for films, we explore software solutions to issues arising with stereo images captured on-set. These images originate from a wide variety of hardware which may or may not provide additional data support for post-production needs. Generic software solutions are thus greatly to be preferred. This dissertation documents contributions in the following three areas. Each project was undertaken at Double Negative and investigated with the aim of improving the post-production pipeline for 3D films. Colour matching is the process whereby the colours of one view from a stereo pair are matched with those of the other view. This process is necessary due to the fact that slight differences in hardware and viewing angle can result in some surprisingly large colour discrepancies. Chapter 3 presents a novel approach to colour matching between stereo pairs of images, with a new tool for visual effects artists given in section 6.2.Vertical alignment of stereo images is key to providing a comfortable experience for the viewer, yet we are rarely presented with perfectly aligned footage from the outset. In chapter 4 we discuss the importance of correcting misalignments for both the final audience and the artists working on these images. We provide a tool for correcting misalignments in section 6.3.Disparity maps are used in many areas of post-production, and so in chapter 5 we investigate ways in which disparity map generation can be improved for the benefit of many existing tools at Double Negative. In addition, we povide an extensive exploration of the requirements of 3D films in order to make them presentable in the cinema. Through these projects, we have provided improvements to the stereo workflow and shown that academic research is a necessary component of developing tools for the visual effects pipeline. We have provided new algorithms to improve the 3D experience for moviegoers, as well as artists, and conclude by discussing the future work that will provide further gains in the field.

Vertical alignment liquid crystal display has the advantages of wide view angle, high contrast and good response time. Today vertical alignment liquid crystal display get flourishing development, and Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment (MVA) technology is progressive. In this report we would find an alignment materiel which could be fabricated easily, low cost and good E-O characteristic. The use of dimenthysiloxane (PDMS) in fabrication of microfluidic channels technology in biotechnology has the advantages of characteristics foregoing. In this study PDMS was used as LC vertical alignment materiel. We used the MVA structure and ASV structure to align LC direction because PDMS cannot be rubbed. In experiment we found that PDMS exhibited different surface energies when it was baked in different temperature. The results of measuring the pre-tilt angle in the different surface energy conditions are similar. ASV LC samples were fabricated using PDMS alignment layer. MVA LC cells were made using high viscosity PDMS. We found the characteristic of paper white at CIE chromaticity diagram in the ASV LC sample without any color filter and color correction technology.

Multi-domain Vertical Alignment Flexible Liquid Crystal Display based on photolithography and replica-Molding method has been demonstrated. In order to maintain a uniform cell gap between flexible substrate,the microstructures were fabricated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) material by replica-molding method. The microstructures master were designed and fabricated using a photosensitive resin (SU-8) by photolithography. The microstructures of pixel-encapsulated walls enhance the mechanical strength to prevent the liquid crystal molecules flow in the bend state deformations. Besides, the elastomeric material, PDMS, provide weak surface energy and induce vertical alignment for liquid crystal spontanelusly without any surface treatment. The microstructure protrusions made by PDMS can provide multi-domain vertical alignment (MVA) effect with wide viewing angle and high contrast ratio. Therefore, this method could be implemented for achieving multi-domain vertical alignment on a flexible LCD applications. The flexible LCD have great stability reproducibility, durability and good electro-optical performances.

Since the Depression era there has been an evolution in parkway usage. Parkways have outlived their recreational function and now must also serve as routes to recreational facilities. Since the elemental use of parkways has drastically changed, questions of how and why beg to be answered. How has parkway design and construction changed from the Depression era to today in terms of views, alignment, vegetation, natural and cultural features, and parkway details. How is parkway design and construction different from that of typical roadways; and how does this information effect the future design and construction of parkways? In addition, why can parkways no longer serve the same purpose that they did in the past? This thesis examines these questions through the creation of the Lorton - Laurel Hill Parkway. The main characteristics studied in this thesis will continue to be vital in future parkway design and construction. This thesis expresses that parkways can no longer serve as a destination, but instead must become an introduction to a recreational facility. Parkways will become increasingly important in the future as they can provide relief to congested roadways while simultaneously providing the motorist with an aesthetically pleasing entrance to recreational facilities. In the future, the components studied here must be instituted into highway and road engineering. The construction of motorways that incorporate parkway design principles will create more successful and vibrant routes between urban centers and their surrounding communities, and in so doing will increase the quality of life of its population. / Master of Landscape Architecture

In this study, a double-ellipsoid structure is proposed for measurements of optical properties of liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). By using the double-ellipsoid structure, light dispersion and measurement time, which occurs during the measurement of optical properties of LCDs, can be greatly reduced. The system also significantly decreases reflective loss on interface, increasing the accuracy of the measurement. Moreover, by using the conoscopy measured from the proposed structure, light distribution of the dark state along off-axis direction can be analyzed. Based on the analysis, the cell gap and pretilt angle of vertical alignment liquid-crystals (VA-LCs) are evaluated. The proposed structure, which exhibits a fast and high accuracy measurement, is highly promising for future optical measurement of LCDs.

The thesis is focused on the design of the northern bypass of the villages Želechovice nad Dřevnicí and Lipa. The reason for the study is excessive traffic intensity and with that associated noise intensity. The objective of study is drop of traffic in villages and faster and smoother passage of transit traffic continued toward the road I/49. Seven direction solutions were designed of which one was chosen for further solution. This solution was designed in two variants.

The Diploma thesis is devoted to working out the searching study for modernization of the road II/152 between the cities Modřice and Ivančice with connection of the existing infrastructure to the new transport solution. The aim was the improvement of the quality of transport, reduce the traffic in the municipalities and the noice related to it and the improvement of environment.Four variants were designed and the most suitable possibility was solved