Šiame magistro darbe nagrinėjama smurto žiniasklaidoje poveikio nepilnamečiams prevencijos problema. Aptartos žiniasklaidos, smurto, agresijos sampratos. Nagrinėtos aiškinančios smurto žiniasklaidoje įtaką žiūrovų agresyvumui ir nusikalstamumui teorijos. Atliktas kriminologinis tyrimas. Aptartos Lietuvos ir kai kurių(JAV, Danijos, Nyderlandų) užsienio šalių smurto žiniasklaidoje poveikio nepilnamečiams prevencijos priemonės. / In this research work the problem of influence of violence over mass-media on a minor audienceand prevention of this influence is considered. In this work the numerous theories explaining influenceof violenceover a degreeof aggression and a crime rate of televiewers were considered. Theauthor counts five theories as the main. Research consistedof two stages. The topic of negative effects prevention isdivided into two parts and dealing with a problem of macro social (at national level) and micro social level (family or school).

When It comes to the basic perspectives on personal and social reality, it is commonly assumed that these perspectives are learned within the parent-child relafionship. As a result, the family has been typically accorded a place of primary importance the explanation of socialisation. But another influence has been lurking in the background- the mass media . Media influence upon ~hildren has generally been assumed to be significant, with powerful, long lasting consequences. However, traditional explanatory attempts have predominantly dealt with the effects of media violence on juvenile behaviour. The result has been a relative neglect of empirical analysis of media socialisation as it relates to detinquent behaviour. a matter that the present study attempted to rectify. The present study proposes that the media's commitment to conformity varies in degree of congruence with societal expectations and this variation is directly "transmitted to the child influencing the child's behaviour. / Criminology / M.A.

This investigation deals with a change of congressional attitude concerning violence in entertainment media, from noninterference to investigation to initiation of research. The data are primarily from official government records. This study first examines a period of congressional reluctance to interfere with the violent content of movies and radio in 1929-45. Next examined is the period 1945-68, when Congress actively investigated media violence,, focusing on television. Finally, the study examines congressional activity concerning television violence in 1968-74 and the Surgeon General's report on television violence. This report concludes that, by 1955, the pattern of congressional interest in media violence had turned from reluctance to activity, -and discusses the likelihood of future control of television program content.

This research is premised on the understanding that media texts are discourses and that all discourses are functional, that is, they refer to things, issues and events, in meaningful and goal oriented ways. Nine articles are analysed to explicate the sorts of discourses that were promoted by The Chronicle during the Gukurahundi conflict in Zimbabwe between 1982 and 1986. It is argued that discourses in the news media are shaped by the role(s), the type(s) of journalism assumed by such media, and by the political environment in which the news media operate. The interplay between the roles, types of journalism practised, and the effect the political environment has on news discourses is assessed within the context of conflictual situations. This is done using insights from the theoretical position of peace journalism and its critique of professional or mainstream journalism as promoting war/violence journalism. Using the case of The Chronicle's reportage of the Gukurahundi conflict in Zimbabwe, it is concluded that, in performing the collaborative role, state owned/controlled media assume characteristics of war/violence journalism. On the other hand, it is concluded that The Chronicle developed practices consistent with peace journalism when it both espoused the facilitative role and journalistic objectivity. These findings undermine the conventional view among proponents of peace journalism that in times of conflict, the news media should be interventionist in favour of peace and that they should abandon the journalistic norm of objectivity which they argue, promotes war/violence journalism.

When It comes to the basic perspectives on personal and social reality, it is commonly assumed that these perspectives are learned within the parent-child relafionship. As a result, the family has been typically accorded a place of primary importance the explanation of socialisation. But another influence has been lurking in the background- the mass media . Media influence upon ~hildren has generally been assumed to be significant, with powerful, long lasting consequences. However, traditional explanatory attempts have predominantly dealt with the effects of media violence on juvenile behaviour. The result has been a relative neglect of empirical analysis of media socialisation as it relates to detinquent behaviour. a matter that the present study attempted to rectify. The present study proposes that the media's commitment to conformity varies in degree of congruence with societal expectations and this variation is directly "transmitted to the child influencing the child's behaviour. / Criminology and Security Science / M.A.

This thesis analyzes rape coverage in a Grahamstown newspaper, Grocott’s Mail. Critical discourse analysis is used to discuss and analyze articles about rape that appear in Grocott’s Mail between October 14th 2008 and October 29th 2009. Drawing on existing literature on ‘rape myths’ in media coverage of rape, this thesis argues that Grocott’s Mail perpetuates racial and gender stereotypes through the way in which it reports on rape. While not all of the articles included in the analysis use rape myths, most use one or more when discussing rape incidents. Specifically, Grocott’s Mail tends to use rape myths that blame the victim for the rape and de-emphasize the role of the perpetrator in the rape. This is problematic as it sustains existing racial and gender inequalities.

La violencia sexual es un tipo de violencia considerada como centro focal de la narrativa mediática, ya que tiende a ser disociada de la violencia en general y es integrada a una categoría propia e individual. La presencia de elementos afectivos o sexuales dentro de la violencia sexual genera una mayor repercusión mediática y capta con mayor facilidad el interés del lector. Es aquella constante inserción de la sexualidad en los medios la cual mantiene las estructuras sociales que reproducen estereotipos. En los discursos mediáticos, existe una asociación tácita entre el allanamiento corporal y el intercambio sexual, que permite insertar el lenguaje de medios judiciales para alimentar el contenido discursivo de la prensa. En el presente trabajo, se entiende la violencia o agresión sexual como cualquier intercambio carnal sin el consentimiento de ambas partes. (Fernández Díaz, 2003, pág. 24) Existe un límite entre la sexualidad y un acto de agresión sexual; no obstante, este tiende a ser desdibujado por la perpetuación de un discurso que asocia e intercambia ambos términos. Aquel límite es el referente a la voluntad y el deseo de la víctima. Pero existen dificultades al evaluar la presencia de la voluntad en casos de incidentes violentos y en el proceso se niega el deseo de la mujer o se le distorsiona mediante la presencia de la seducción o la provocación. Frente a la negación del deseo, la condescendencia o la entrega se convierten en sustitutos para éste en los discursos actuales. ¿Cuáles son los discursos presentes en la cobertura de prensa escrita peruana en relación a casos de violencia sexual y cómo se relacionan con la fabricación de estereotipos y el fenómeno de victimización? El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar cómo el uso del lenguaje y la comunicación, empleada en la cobertura de prensa escrita peruana en relación a casos de violencia sexual, forjan la base de estereotipos y reflejan y reproducen las relaciones de poder y el proceso de victimización. Específicamente, se busca identificar la presencia de mitos y estereotipos a través de su lenguaje y el planteamiento del juicio mediático, al igual que analizar el manejo del poder simbólico y el proceso de victimización de la prensa escrita peruana y su dimensión persuasiva en relación a la comunicación de ideologías patriarcales. / Trabajo de investigación

Text in English / This study aims to apply the biopolitical theories of Giorgio Agamben on homo sacer to the stereotypical representation of the violent woman. Using feminist methodologies for dismantling and exposing social stereotypes, this research explores the relationship between femininity, violence and the representation of these. By focussing on the influence of traditional narratives as found in ancient mythology and fairy tales, the study investigates the contemporary portrayal of the stereotypical violent woman using acts of dismemberment and dispossession in the work of Quentin Tarantino and Nathalie Djurberg, which serve as examples of the controversial relationship between real and filmic violence. / Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology / M.A. (Art History)

This study investigates Grocott’s Mail’s rape reporting through a participatory action research process. It draws on feminist cultural studies, sociology of news, and normative theories of the media to inform the research project. The participatory action research process explored three areas with the journalists at Grocott’s Mail: their understanding of the community they serve and their own professional identity as a community of practice, roles of the media in society which inform reporting, and rape as a social issue and problem. Through this process the study found that the pervasiveness of rape in the Grahamstown community, the complexities around rape reporting which include the significant legal challenges, the personal impact rape cases have on journalists, and the journalistic roles and approaches employed in rape reporting all influence how the paper covers rape. In analysing these matters the study found that the primary factor inhibiting a successful strategy for managing rape reporting was that Grocott’s Mail does not place gender-based violence on their news agenda as an issue requiring attention in order to develop the community they serve.

Text in English / This study aims to apply the biopolitical theories of Giorgio Agamben on homo sacer to the stereotypical representation of the violent woman. Using feminist methodologies for dismantling and exposing social stereotypes, this research explores the relationship between femininity, violence and the representation of these. By focussing on the influence of traditional narratives as found in ancient mythology and fairy tales, the study investigates the contemporary portrayal of the stereotypical violent woman using acts of dismemberment and dispossession in the work of Quentin Tarantino and Nathalie Djurberg, which serve as examples of the controversial relationship between real and filmic violence. / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / M. A. (Art History)