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Esta dissertação apresenta a pesquisa desenvolvida a partir da aplicação de uma sequência didática que utiliza os gêneros placa e cartaz para o ensino de língua portuguesa em uma turma de sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental. Tal proposta objetivou aprimorar as habilidades leitora e escritora dos alunos, além de ressaltar que o sentido dos enunciados é construído para além dos elementos linguísticos. As placas e cartazes são considerados enunciados (BAKHTIN, 2016) e em sua composição encontram-se os signos verbais e visuais. Tais signos produzem conteúdo explícito e implícito construídos a partir de elementos como: volume, cor e imagens. O trabalho com a linguagem verbo-visual dos gêneros mencionados é pautado na necessidade de explorar os elementos visuais, os artifícios utilizados na composição desses textos e as consequências disso no modo de interpretá-los. Como procedimento metodológico, opta-se pela pesquisa-ação, a partir das ideias de Santos (2012). Além disso, apresentam-se a contribuições teóricas de Volochinov/ Bakhtin (1999), Bakhtin (2016), Bortoluci (2010), Mirzoeff (2003), Kress (2005), Freedman (2003), Dondis (1991), Guimarães (2000) dentre outros, que discorrem sobre gêneros discursivos, cultura visual e elementos verbo-visuais. Para análise dos dados, realiza-se a comparação das duas produções de texto (inicial e final) elaboradas pelos alunos, além de pequenos relatos dos estudantes sobre as aulas que compuseram a sequência didática. / This dissertation presents the research developed from the application of a didactic sequence that uses the sign and poster genres for the teaching of Portuguese language in a class of sixth year of Middle School. The purpose of this proposal was to improve students\' reading and writing skills, as well as to emphasize that the meaning of statements is constructed beyond linguistic elements. Sign and posters are considered statements (BAKHTIN, 2016) and in their composition are verbal and visual signs. These signs produce explicit and implicit content constructed from elements such as volume, color and images. The work with the verbo-visual language of the mentioned genres is based on the need to explore the visual elements, the artifices used in the composition of these texts and the consequences of this in the way of interpreting them. As a methodological procedure, we opted for action research, based on the ideas of Santos (2012). In addition, Volochinov/ Bakhtin (1999), Bakhtin (2016), Bortoluci (2010), Mirzoeff (2003), Kress (2005), Freedman (2003), Dondis (1991), Guimarães (2000) among others, that talk about discursive genres, visual culture and verbo-visual elements. For the analysis of the corpus, the two text productions (initial and final) elaborated by the students are compared, as well as small reports of the students about the classes that composed the didactic sequence.

O propósito desta dissertação é estudar as representações femininas nas letras luso-brasileiras do século XVII, sempre levando em conta os pressupostos teóricos formulados pela crítica brasileira atual. Pretende-se examinar as práticas letradas seiscentistas pelo prisma dos critérios retórico-poéticos vigentes na época, em que se destacam a importância dos elementos visuais. O estudo tem como base o contraponto das figuras de Eva e Maria, formando o grande paradigma da dualidade feminina nas letras coloniais; tal construção da imagem da mulher como tentadora e salvadora foi um longo processo desde as letras dos tempos antigos, se intensificando no período medieval até chegar no século XVII. Desse modo, focalizamos as poesias de Gregório de Matos e alguns sermões do padre Antonio Vieira, dialogando com questões históricas, sociais e artísticas no momento de produção das obras para tentar reduzir os riscos de anacronismo, sempre presentes quando abordamos períodos tão distanciados no tempo. Analisamos variadas configurações femininas nas poesias líricas e satíricas de Gregório de Matos; já nos sermões de Vieira, percebemos que o contraponto entre as concepções mariana e eviana fica mais evidente. Mostramos como as figuras femininas examinadas se aproximavam de Eva ou de Maria, levando em conta o contexto sócio-econômico das mesmas. Notamos que o modelo ideal de mulher encarnando na figura de Maria, difundido pela Igreja com o objetivo de alcançar todas as mulheres, não correspondia à realidade das mesmas no sistema colonial e não se adequava as suas necessidades. Examinamos igualmente como tal construção feminina perfeita e submissa circulava nos manuais de boa conduta em que a família patriarcal se encaixava, atendendo às exigências dos modelos propagados pela Igreja Católica na época. Apesar de todos os esforços da Igreja Católica e do homem para domesticar a mulher, tão temida e admirada pelos mesmos, muitas mulheres fugiram aos padrões sociais e foram estigmatizadas, rotuladas, discriminadas, mas acima de tudo foram mulheres que ficaram registradas nas páginas da Inquisição, na história e principalmente, nas letras luso-brasileiras do século XVII, escritas por homens, como o poeta Gregório de Matos e o padre Antonio Vieira / The purpose of this dissertation is to study the female representations in Luso-Languages of the 17th century, always taking into account the theoretical assumptions formulated by current Brazilian criticism. It is intended to examine the seventeenth century literate practices through the prism of rhetorical-poetic criteria in force at that time, in which we highlight the importance of Visual elements. Such study is based on the counterpoint of the figures of Eve and Mary, forming the great female duality paradigm in colonial languages.This construction of women image as tempting and Savior was a long process since the ancient time languages , being intensified from the medieval period until the 17th century. Thus, we focus on Gregório de Matos poetry and some Father Antonio Vieira sermons dialoguing with historical, social and artistic issues at the time of production of the works to try to reduce the risks of anachronism, always present when we talk about periods so distanced in time. We analyze various female configurations in lyrical and satirical poetry of Gregório de Matos. In Vieira sermons ,we realize that the counterpoint between mariana and eviana conceptions becomes more evident. We show how the female figures examined approached to Eva or Mary, taking into account their socio-economic context .We realize that the ideal model of woman embodying in the figure of Mary and diffused by the Church with the goal of reaching all women did not correspond to their reality in the colonial system and didnt fit their needs. We also examine how such female construction ,both submissive and perfect, circulated in the manuals of good behaviour ,in which the patriarchal family fit, meeting the requirements of the models propagated by the Catholic Church at that time. Despite all the efforts of the Catholic Church and men to domesticate women,considered so feared and admired by them,many women fled social standards and were stigmatised, labelled, broken down, but most of all, were women who were registered in the pages of the Inquisition, in history and especially in the 17TH century Luso-letters written by men, as the poet Gregório de Matos and the priest Antonio Vieira

abstract: This research contributes to emergent body of knowledge regarding the understanding of relationship between visual elements and E-learning outcomes. Visual images and texts are the main visual elements within the study. A literature review was conducted on E-learning situations, and a discussion on the role of visual elements in E-learning. Data collection was also conducted by way of a test, which randomly placed participants into three groups and assigned them to three different E-learning courses. The texts for the three courses were the same font, but the first course had text only, the second course had text and "bad" images, and the third one had text and "good" images. Every time participants finished a short course, they were requested to do a short quiz based on what they had learned. In addition, every participant needed to do a survey based on his or her E-learning experience. Research data was finally collected through the test scores and surveys. Key findings of this research are: (1) The combination of text and "good" image materials in E-learning can greatly enhance the learning outcomes; (2) the "good" images in learning materials can add to the value of the text content as well as improve the satisfactory level of learners in E-learning; (3) "bad" images do not enhance E-learning outcomes; and (4) E-learners will spend a longer time to complete learning materials containing images, no matter how good or "bad" the images are. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Design 2015

O propósito desta dissertação é estudar as representações femininas nas letras luso-brasileiras do século XVII, sempre levando em conta os pressupostos teóricos formulados pela crítica brasileira atual. Pretende-se examinar as práticas letradas seiscentistas pelo prisma dos critérios retórico-poéticos vigentes na época, em que se destacam a importância dos elementos visuais. O estudo tem como base o contraponto das figuras de Eva e Maria, formando o grande paradigma da dualidade feminina nas letras coloniais; tal construção da imagem da mulher como tentadora e salvadora foi um longo processo desde as letras dos tempos antigos, se intensificando no período medieval até chegar no século XVII. Desse modo, focalizamos as poesias de Gregório de Matos e alguns sermões do padre Antonio Vieira, dialogando com questões históricas, sociais e artísticas no momento de produção das obras para tentar reduzir os riscos de anacronismo, sempre presentes quando abordamos períodos tão distanciados no tempo. Analisamos variadas configurações femininas nas poesias líricas e satíricas de Gregório de Matos; já nos sermões de Vieira, percebemos que o contraponto entre as concepções mariana e eviana fica mais evidente. Mostramos como as figuras femininas examinadas se aproximavam de Eva ou de Maria, levando em conta o contexto sócio-econômico das mesmas. Notamos que o modelo ideal de mulher encarnando na figura de Maria, difundido pela Igreja com o objetivo de alcançar todas as mulheres, não correspondia à realidade das mesmas no sistema colonial e não se adequava as suas necessidades. Examinamos igualmente como tal construção feminina perfeita e submissa circulava nos manuais de boa conduta em que a família patriarcal se encaixava, atendendo às exigências dos modelos propagados pela Igreja Católica na época. Apesar de todos os esforços da Igreja Católica e do homem para domesticar a mulher, tão temida e admirada pelos mesmos, muitas mulheres fugiram aos padrões sociais e foram estigmatizadas, rotuladas, discriminadas, mas acima de tudo foram mulheres que ficaram registradas nas páginas da Inquisição, na história e principalmente, nas letras luso-brasileiras do século XVII, escritas por homens, como o poeta Gregório de Matos e o padre Antonio Vieira / The purpose of this dissertation is to study the female representations in Luso-Languages of the 17th century, always taking into account the theoretical assumptions formulated by current Brazilian criticism. It is intended to examine the seventeenth century literate practices through the prism of rhetorical-poetic criteria in force at that time, in which we highlight the importance of Visual elements. Such study is based on the counterpoint of the figures of Eve and Mary, forming the great female duality paradigm in colonial languages.This construction of women image as tempting and Savior was a long process since the ancient time languages , being intensified from the medieval period until the 17th century. Thus, we focus on Gregório de Matos poetry and some Father Antonio Vieira sermons dialoguing with historical, social and artistic issues at the time of production of the works to try to reduce the risks of anachronism, always present when we talk about periods so distanced in time. We analyze various female configurations in lyrical and satirical poetry of Gregório de Matos. In Vieira sermons ,we realize that the counterpoint between mariana and eviana conceptions becomes more evident. We show how the female figures examined approached to Eva or Mary, taking into account their socio-economic context .We realize that the ideal model of woman embodying in the figure of Mary and diffused by the Church with the goal of reaching all women did not correspond to their reality in the colonial system and didnt fit their needs. We also examine how such female construction ,both submissive and perfect, circulated in the manuals of good behaviour ,in which the patriarchal family fit, meeting the requirements of the models propagated by the Catholic Church at that time. Despite all the efforts of the Catholic Church and men to domesticate women,considered so feared and admired by them,many women fled social standards and were stigmatised, labelled, broken down, but most of all, were women who were registered in the pages of the Inquisition, in history and especially in the 17TH century Luso-letters written by men, as the poet Gregório de Matos and the priest Antonio Vieira

Esta dissertação apresenta a pesquisa desenvolvida a partir da aplicação de uma sequência didática que utiliza os gêneros placa e cartaz para o ensino de língua portuguesa em uma turma de sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental. Tal proposta objetivou aprimorar as habilidades leitora e escritora dos alunos, além de ressaltar que o sentido dos enunciados é construído para além dos elementos linguísticos. As placas e cartazes são considerados enunciados (BAKHTIN, 2016) e em sua composição encontram-se os signos verbais e visuais. Tais signos produzem conteúdo explícito e implícito construídos a partir de elementos como: volume, cor e imagens. O trabalho com a linguagem verbo-visual dos gêneros mencionados é pautado na necessidade de explorar os elementos visuais, os artifícios utilizados na composição desses textos e as consequências disso no modo de interpretá-los. Como procedimento metodológico, opta-se pela pesquisa-ação, a partir das ideias de Santos (2012). Além disso, apresentam-se a contribuições teóricas de Volochinov/ Bakhtin (1999), Bakhtin (2016), Bortoluci (2010), Mirzoeff (2003), Kress (2005), Freedman (2003), Dondis (1991), Guimarães (2000) dentre outros, que discorrem sobre gêneros discursivos, cultura visual e elementos verbo-visuais. Para análise dos dados, realiza-se a comparação das duas produções de texto (inicial e final) elaboradas pelos alunos, além de pequenos relatos dos estudantes sobre as aulas que compuseram a sequência didática. / This dissertation presents the research developed from the application of a didactic sequence that uses the sign and poster genres for the teaching of Portuguese language in a class of sixth year of Middle School. The purpose of this proposal was to improve students\' reading and writing skills, as well as to emphasize that the meaning of statements is constructed beyond linguistic elements. Sign and posters are considered statements (BAKHTIN, 2016) and in their composition are verbal and visual signs. These signs produce explicit and implicit content constructed from elements such as volume, color and images. The work with the verbo-visual language of the mentioned genres is based on the need to explore the visual elements, the artifices used in the composition of these texts and the consequences of this in the way of interpreting them. As a methodological procedure, we opted for action research, based on the ideas of Santos (2012). In addition, Volochinov/ Bakhtin (1999), Bakhtin (2016), Bortoluci (2010), Mirzoeff (2003), Kress (2005), Freedman (2003), Dondis (1991), Guimarães (2000) among others, that talk about discursive genres, visual culture and verbo-visual elements. For the analysis of the corpus, the two text productions (initial and final) elaborated by the students are compared, as well as small reports of the students about the classes that composed the didactic sequence.

En esta investigación se analizaron las características de los elementos visuales utilizados en videojuegos independientes de plataforma en el Perú durante los últimos cinco años, a lo cual se formuló la hipótesis de que estas características generan su propia categorización de los elementos visuales, lo cual aporta a la narrativa visual e interacción de los usuarios. Para comprobarla, se analizaron 8 videojuegos independientes de plataforma desarrollados en Perú en los últimos cinco años. Además, se entrevistó a dos profesionales del área para conocer la situación real del desarrollo en la industria y ampliar los conocimientos para el análisis visual. Los resultados del análisis visual demuestran que el 50% de los juegos presentan un estilo pixel art, con elementos similares entre las diferentes entregas; sin embargo, tienen diferentes formas de expresar su temática usando los personajes y el entorno. La interfaz de los juegos mantiene las mismas características y solo cumplen la función de informar. Se concluyó que la mayoría de los videojuegos independientes de plataforma optan por el estilo pixel art para sus gráficas por ser fáciles de trabajar, pero solo se centran en la utilidad y no en el impacto visual. Por otro lado, se determinó la falta de experiencia de los desarrolladores al trabajar sus propuestas, lo que conduce a usar plantillas predeterminadas de los motores gráficos. / In this research, the characteristics of the visual elements used in platform independent video games in Peru during the last five years were analyzed, to which the hypothesis was formulated that these characteristics generate their own categorization of the visual elements, which contributes to the visual narrative and user interaction. To verify it, 8 independent platform games developed in Peru in the last five years were analyzed. In addition, two professionals from the area were interviewed to learn about the real situation of development in the industry and expand their knowledge for visual analysis. The results of the visual analysis show that 50% of the games have a pixel art style, with similar elements between the different installments; However, they have different ways of expressing their theme using the characters and the environment. The interface of the games maintains the same characteristics and only fulfill the function of informing. It was concluded that most of the independent platform video games choose the pixel art style for their graphics because they are easy to work with, but they only focus on utility and not on visual impact. On the other hand, the lack of experience of the developers when working on their proposals was determined, which leads to using predetermined templates of the graphics engines. / Trabajo de investigación

This study examines the relationship between the visual design of characters in thevideo game Genshin Impact and their character background. The study uses formal analysisand data collected on selected characters’ color choices, shapes, movements, facialexpressions, and backstories to analyze if the characters’ visual designs align with theirnarratives. This research is relevant to game designers, players, and game research scholars.Game designers can use the insights gained from this study to create more immersivecharacters that organically convey their backstories. The findings suggest that visual designplays a critical role in conveying character context and personality in the game. Thecharacters of the sample showed a strong visual appearance, effectively conveying theirbackground story and personality characteristics. The findings of this study confirm that thecharacter design in Genshin Impact effectively conveys the character’s background. Theanalysis revealed notable strengths in employing a skillful combination of color, shapes,movements, and facial expressions to evoke specific emotions, accentuate character traits, andenhance the storytelling experience. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of carefullyconsidering and refining visual design choices to align with the intended narrative and engageplayers effectively. Future research could explore other aspects of visual design and its impacton video game character development.

Advertisements and other media types have, for a long time, had a strong influence on society and the general public’s view of the world and different social concerns. Advertisements are often based on the stereotypes and societal norms that dominate in whichever culture they are broadcast in, which in the long run can be harmful to those who deviate from these norms. The purpose of the study is to investigate how different romantic and/or sexually intimate twosomes are visually represented in current Swedish televised advertisements to investigate potential differences and similarities, and to discover ways to improve their visual representation. It consists of a quantitative content analysis where different twosomes are documented, and a semiotic image analysis that examines how these different twosomes, from a design perspective, are represented visually and what they communicate to their audience.

This dissertation was driven by a lack of evidence substantiating the current state of visual literacy knowledge and skills of instructional design professionals and the continuing call for visual literacy assessment research. The project has contributed two manuscripts that examine the existing visual literacy assessment research and document an attempt at designing and developing an evidence-based visual literacy assessment product. The first manuscript, a comprehensive literature review, offers insights into how visual literacy has been assessed over the years and the challenges associated with establishing a research agenda for visual literacy assessment as revealed by current research and practice. The second manuscript, adopting the design and development research methodology, aims to design and develop a product that instructional designers can use to assess or diagnose the strengths and weaknesses in their knowledge regarding a fundamental vocabulary of visual literacy. / Doctor of Philosophy / Learning and training design professionals are often expected by the job market to communicate effectively using static or moving visual messages throughout the learning or performance problem-solving process. This process typically includes the analysis of the problem and the design, development, implementation, and evaluation of the corresponding solution. However, research has reported a mismatch between employers' and employees' perceptions of the visual competencies of learning and training professionals. Moreover, there is very limited evidence-based research assessing these visual competencies or producing assessment products or procedures. Therefore, this dissertation has contributed two manuscripts to address this issue. In the first manuscript, a comprehensive review of the relevant literature is presented to inform how these visual competencies have been assessed by previous efforts and to identify the difficulties or challenges associated with the assessment as revealed by the researchers and their work. The second manuscript designed and developed an open-access digital product for learning and training professionals to assess or diagnose their knowledge of a collection of foundational terms and concepts that underpin many visual competencies. Therefore, this product helps learning and training professionals to remediate their visual knowledge accordingly. As part of the design and development process, a group of learning and training professionals and another group of visual competency experts experienced the product and provided valuable feedback that has guided product modifications and identified areas for future development.