The thesis analyses the role of industry in modern developed economies and the real approach of the Czech Republic to this fact. The first chapter deals with the general conditions of the Czech social and economic conditions containing relation between labour costs and productivity of labour, flexibility of labour market, economic implications of language and geography, institutional aspects. The second chapter is concerned about the importance of industrial sector in developed countries according to the discussion about the interpretation of statistical data, growth of productivity and flow of foreign direct investment. There is discussed the problem definiton of high-tech, medium-tech and low-tech branches. The third chapter deals with the causes of phenomenon called duality of economy. The causes are used as the reason for necessary connection between manufacturing process and qualified manual worker. The fourth chapter analyses qualitative aspects of qualified manual worker in the conditions of capital intensive processes, i.e. machine setter/maintenance man and programmable automation. The fifth chapter explains my methodological point of view, the necessity of technical knowledge for economic analysis. The sixth chapter contains analysis of the Czech secondary education, the vocational schools are stressed. The seventh chapter analyses some aspects of system supporting flow of direct investments to the Czech Republic.

The aim of this historical study was to investigate and describe the Swedish vocational educational school system from 1918 till the 1940's. The dissertation focuses upon vocational education related to industry and craft work. Questions include; who were the actors; and who's interests did they represent; how did the quantitative development of that school system look like; and which content, according to officiai authorities, should the education have. The work has a theoretical frame that comes closest to reproduction theories and educational sociology. The empirical material comprises the official documents, periodical journals and official statistics. The results showed that there was a wide gap between official rhetoric and what took place in reality. The development of the vocational training system did not follow expectations, neither in the quantitative nor the organisational sense. The national board of education also paid little attention to the vocational school system, once it was launched. Only a handfull of men persued the question and thereby at the same time made it their careers. The vocational educational school system branched out rather quickly and became incoherent. Futhermore there were difficulties in finding pupils who wanted to join the new school-form that vocational schools represented. The benefits from joining the many branches of the vocational educational system were few. The professional staff of teachers was diffuse, they were mostly recruited from "higher" school systems while the status of working as vocational educational teacher was low. In fact, the dissertation shows, that the vocational educational system that was introduced during the first half of the 20th century, had a very low status. The educational content looked very much like the content in the compulsory school, among other things, due to the ways of recruiting teachers. Overall results show that vocational training did not become a powerful means to carry into effect the rhetoric that underpinned it, but the period had significance at a symbolic level because it linked school and the labour market more firmly in popular consciousness. / digitalisering@umu

The importance of a social pedagogic‘s activities at school and attention to these activities are increasing in nowadays life. The activities of a social pedagogic at school, in families, in village communities, his/her professional image and conduction I.Leliūgienė has analysed ( Leliūgienė, 2002), G. Kvieskienė in her works analysed qualification necessary for a social pedagogic at school, a system of social work and its problems. (Kvieskienė, 2001). L. Stašiūnaitė examined the problem solving model application in a social pedagogic’s at school activities. (Stašiūnaitė, 2001). O. Merfeldaitė analysed social – psychological problems salvation for children from risk groups. The aim of study – to explose the expetations of vocational school leaders and to identify the qualities (persona and professional) required for social pedagogics at vocational schools. The activities of a social pedagogic at a vocational school are devoted to educational process improvement, to developing students' spiritual values and positive character feature. The main goals of a social pedagigic’s professional activities at school are – early prevention and aiming at children’s well – being. The purpose of a social pedagogic’s activity at school is to advocate a child in all critical situations. Methods used in a social pedagogic’s activities at school: 1. Theoretical: comparission, analysis, synthesis, indication, deduction 2. Practical: biographic, interviewing, modeling, consulting. The study... [to full text]

TITLE: The current risk management at secondary vocational schools - effect of the decline of students in secondary vocational schools and vocational schools in Prague. AUTHOR: Bc. Pavel Tuška DEPARTMENT: The Centre of the educational management SUPERVISOR: RNDr. Jana Marková ABSTRACT: The prosperity of every secondary vocational school and vocational school is primarily based on the demand for their service which also depends on the behaviour of the school in times of crisis. The rapid demographic decline of students entering secondary education nowadays significantly affects operation of all secondary schools in the Czech Republic. Prague secondary vocational schools and vocational schools have to deal with the massive loss of interest in studying these schools. The aim of this master's paper is therefore an effort to characterize the potential impacts of the crisis on these education organizations. At the same times it tries to outline possible activities to reduce the risk of vocational schools in Prague business failure. Each Prague secondary vocational school or vocational school, however, is an organization totally unique, and therefore it must always be based also on the specific conditions applicable to the school. KEYWORDS: Secondary vocational schools, vocational schools, reducing the number of...

Le lycée professionnel accueille des adolescents qui ont rencontré des difficultés au collège et sont en rupture avec le cheminement dit « normal ». Adolescents confrontés, non pas à une, mais à des situations d’échec, ils arrivent souvent dans ces établissements en disant d’eux-mêmes « je suis nul (le), je n’y arriverai jamais ». Se pose donc la question des stratégies pédagogiques à mettre en œuvre pour réengager ces élèves dans un processus de formation. L’hypothèse centrale de cette recherche est que les enseignants de ces établissements scolaires visent, dans leurs pratiques pédagogiques, à restructurer à la fois l’estime de soi et le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle de leurs élèves afin de les remobiliser et de les réengager sur la voie de la réussite scolaire.Une première recherche par entretiens a été menée auprès de vingt neuf professeurs de lycées professionnels. Les pratiques pédagogiques qu’ils déclarent élaborer confirment notre hypothèse.Cette étude est complétée par une enquête par questionnaires réalisée auprès de deux cent soixante cinq élèves de sections d’esthétique, coiffure, maintenance des équipements industriels (MEI) et métiers de la production mécanique informatisée (MPMI), effectuée en octobre 2007 et mai 2008. Les résultats montrent qu’estime de soi et sentiment d’efficacité personnelle sont relativement mobilisés. / French vocational schools provide education to pupils, aged 16 to 19. These pupils met difficulties in their studies and had to face a succession of failures. They have split with the ordinary process of education. They regularly say about themselves « I’m not worth, I’ll never get with it ».The hypothesis of this research was that the teachers who welcome these teenagers have to enhance their self-esteem and self-efficacy in order to make them able to accept new learnings and to feel successfull at school. In a first qualitative study, we asked twenty nine teachers the way they worked with this population of pupils. What they say about the strategies they use confirms our hypothesis.This study was completed by a quantitative enquiry. 265 boys and girls were tested twice, in october 2007 and may 2008 in order to observe the evolution in self-esteem and self-efficacy. The results are not totally convincing, particularly due to the small number of boys of the study, and even if a majority of them improved in self-esteem and self-efficacy.

The aim of this study was to examine the spread of the dependence on alcohol, smoking and internet and to estimate their connection with psychosocial state among the population of the students of vocational schools. Materials and methods. 395 students between 17-22 years old from Kaunas vocational schools took part in the survey the data of which has been analysed in this study. The habits related to alcohol, smoking and internet were assessed anonymously using the method of frequentative testing and Fagerstrom and AUDIT questionnaire developed for the research of these dependencies. The averages of the sample indications and standard errors of calculations were estimated whilst analysing the data. The criterion of the student (t) was used to compare the average variables of the independent samples. Independency of indications was checked with the help of chi square (x) criterion. Associations are considered to be statistically significant if p < 0,05. Results. After the habits of alcohol consumption had been estimated , it was defined that 89 % of male and 92.1 % of female respondents had tried alcohol and the bigger part of them (40.5%) had used alcohol 1-2 times a month. The most popular drink among girls is champagne ( 33.3 % ) and among boys – wine (50%). The examination of the smoking habits have shown that 79.7 % of girls and 83.8 % of boys have tried to smoke. 15.4% of girls and 33.5 % of boys have smoked 20-29 days during the last month. After examining the habits... [to full text]

Rhetoric is a vital subject of the Swedish school. It is only taught in the native language in the subject of Swedish but expects the students to be able to present orally in almost every other subject as well. Few Swedish teachers are educated in rhetoric, but all are expected to teach it. In vocational upper secondary schools, many do not students reach the highest letter grades (A and B) during national testing, where an oral presentation is a third of the test. This study aims to examine how Swedish teachers in vocational schools view their own teaching of rhetoric. More specifically the study examines what the teachers focus on, what their methods are for teaching and what factors they take into account when planning. To do this the study collects data through three interviews with teachers, their collected teaching material and a survey sent to 20 different vocational schools. A content analysis is used to analyze the transcribed interviews. The results show that the interviewed teachers tend to focus their teaching on what they believe is most important. This includes disposition, technical presentation aids, manuscripts and creating a safe environment for the students who fear public speaking. It also shows that teachers use varying types of scaffolding techniques to support their students’ needs. None of the interviewed teachers focus on rhetorical terminology and two of them create their own, but the students do not get the time they need to process the information and actually work with it in different ways. One teacher uses the terminology they see fit to use in practice with their students. This work later show that their students are able to apply what they have learned in rhetoric in written texts and through this elevate their writing skills. Finally, it shows that the teachers teach a very limited version of rhetoric.

São visíveis as necessidades de ocupação dos espaços de visibilidade na instância pública dentro da sociedade espetacularizada. A partir dessa premissa, a presente pesquisa, realizada na Oficina de Atores Nilton Travesso, busca pensar as possíveis contribuições de uma metodologia baseada nas aprendizagens existentes nas práticas simultâneas de atuação e fruição da cena adotadas na formação profissional dos estudantes. Esses experimentos foram fundamentados nos recentes estudos da recepção teatral, que no atual contexto surgem como possibilidade de equacionar os entraves relativos à experiência dos alunos como espectadores do fenômeno cênico e como autores de suas próprias escolhas. / It is noticeable the need to occupy spaces of visibility in the public spheres in the society of the spectacle. Using the former premise as a starting point and the Oficina de Atores Nilton Travesso as its space of research, this paper aims at thinking about the possible contributions of the methodology based on the present learning of simultaneous practices of acting and enjoyment of the studied scenes in the professional formation of the students. These experiments were based on recent studies of theater reception, which in the current context come up as a possibility to evaluate the difficulties related to the experience of the students as spectators of the scenic phenomenon and as subjects of their own choices.

São visíveis as necessidades de ocupação dos espaços de visibilidade na instância pública dentro da sociedade espetacularizada. A partir dessa premissa, a presente pesquisa, realizada na Oficina de Atores Nilton Travesso, busca pensar as possíveis contribuições de uma metodologia baseada nas aprendizagens existentes nas práticas simultâneas de atuação e fruição da cena adotadas na formação profissional dos estudantes. Esses experimentos foram fundamentados nos recentes estudos da recepção teatral, que no atual contexto surgem como possibilidade de equacionar os entraves relativos à experiência dos alunos como espectadores do fenômeno cênico e como autores de suas próprias escolhas. / It is noticeable the need to occupy spaces of visibility in the public spheres in the society of the spectacle. Using the former premise as a starting point and the Oficina de Atores Nilton Travesso as its space of research, this paper aims at thinking about the possible contributions of the methodology based on the present learning of simultaneous practices of acting and enjoyment of the studied scenes in the professional formation of the students. These experiments were based on recent studies of theater reception, which in the current context come up as a possibility to evaluate the difficulties related to the experience of the students as spectators of the scenic phenomenon and as subjects of their own choices.

Šio darbo tikslas – nustatyti narkotikų vartojimo paplitimą ir jį sąlygojančius veiksnius tarp Klaipėdos miesto profesinių mokyklų moksleivių. Tyrime dalyvavo visų šešių Klaipėdos m. profesinių mokyklų pirmo kurso moksleiviai, atvykę mokytis į Klaipėdą iš viso Vakarų Lietuvos regiono. Atlikti du momentiniai tyrimai 2004 m. (n= 912) ir 2006 m. (n=342), kurių metu respondentai anonimiškai atsakė į mūsų sudarytos anketos klausimus. Tyrimo metu nustatyti nelegalių narkotikų vartojimo paplitimo rodikliai ir jų skirtumai priklausomai nuo tiriamųjų lyties, amžiaus ir kitų demografinių charakteristikų. Buvo įvertintas atskirų narkotikų rūšių vartojimo paplitimas ir ištirti reguliariai narkotikus vartojančių moksleivių grupių ypatumai, išnagrinėtos moksleivių rūkymo bei alkoholio vartojimo sąsajos su nelegalių narkotikų vartojimu, įvertintas moksleivių požiūris ir žinios apie narkotikus, ištirtos sąsajos su narkotikų vartojimu ir dalyvavimu paskaitose apie narkotikų ����alą, įvertintas šeimos vaidmuo ir kitos galimybės, užkirsti kelią narkotikų vartojimui, palyginti nelegalių narkotikų vartojimo pokyčiai 2004 ir 2006 m. Tyrimas parodė, kad beveik pusė tirtųjų moksleivių 2004 ir 2006 metais nors kartą gyvenime buvo išbandę kokias nors nelegalias narkotines medžiagas. Per du stebėjimo metus (2004-2006 m.) statistiškai reikšmingai padidėjo reguliariai narkotikus vartojančių moksleivių procentas ir reikšmingai padaugėjo narkotikų vartotojų, išbandžiusių ne vieną, o kelias narkotikų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study was to establish the prevalence of drug abuse among students of vocational schools in Klaipeda city and to identify the determinants and risk factors for drug use in this group of young people. Questionnaire surveys were focussed on the samples of the first year students in all six vocational schools in Klaipeda city. Respondents have filled in special annonymous questionnaire forms in the classrom in year 2004 (n= 912) and 2006 (n=342). Results of the study. Current prevalence of illegal drug abuse and its demographical characteristics among first year students of vocational schools in Klaipeda were presented. The survey showed, that half of the respondents have reported the use of illegal drugs “at least once during their lifespan”. Relations of drug use with social, behavioural determinants were analysed and relationship with some of these risk factors were established. It was proved significant relation of drug use with alcohol abuse and smoking behaviours. Attitudes of drug users toward preventive measures (lectures, family involvement) were analysed. Trends of drug use during short period of observation 2004-2006 were described. The number of respondents who used more than one type of drugs has increased during two years. Significant increase (by 2 times) of regular “club” drug users was observed.