Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if respiratory and laryngeal function during spontaneous speech production were different for teachers with voice disorders as compared to teachers without voice problems. The basic research questions posed in this study, as assessed during spontaneous speaking were: 1) Do subjects with a voice disorder show differences in lung volume patterns relative to control subjects? 2) Do subjects with a voice disorder show differences in vocal fold approximation as measured by contact quotient and contact index relative to control subjects? 3) Are these between-group differences most pronounced for mock teaching tasks versus a conversational speaking task? 4) Do subjects with a voice disorder rely more on laryngeal versus respiratory-based strategies for increasing loudness level as compared to control subjects?Method: Nine teachers with and nine teachers without voice problems were included in this study. Respiratory function was measured with magnetometry, and laryngeal function was measured with electroglottography. Respiratory and laryngeal function were measured during three spontaneous speaking tasks: a simulated teaching task at a typical and increased loudness level, and a conversational speaking task. Two structured speaking tasks were included for comparison of electroglottography measures: a paragraph reading task and a sustained vowel.Results: Lung volume termination level in spontaneous speaking was significantly lower for the teachers with voice disorders relative to teachers without voice problems. Lung volume initiation level was lower for the teachers with versus without voice problems during teaching-related speaking tasks. Laryngeal function as assessed with electroglottography did not show between-group differences. Across tasks, the measure of contact index was lower (more negative) during the conversational speaking task as compared to the sustained vowel task, indicating greater contact phase asymmetry during vocal fold vibration.Conclusions: These findings suggest that teachers with a voice disorder use different speech breathing strategies than teachers without voice problems. Management of teachers with voice problems may need to incorporate respiratory training that alters lung volume levels during speaking. Future research is needed to determine whether altering such patterns results in improved voice parameters and self-perceived improvement in vocal symptoms.

Darbe atlikta teorinė balso sutrikimų sampratos bei balso sutrikimų atsiradimo aiškinimo teorijų analizė. Anketinės apklausos metodu buvo atliktas tyrimas, kurio tikslas – išsiaiškinti profesijos ir balso sutrikimų ryšį. Atlikta statistinė (aprašomoji procentų, x2 testo) duomenų analizė. Tyrime dalyvavo 308 respondentai. Kauno klinikų medicinos darbuotojai (40), Naujosios Akmenės ligoninės medikai (50), Šiaulių miesto pedagogai (89) iš jų lopšelio – darželio auklėtojų (23), tiksliųjų ir humanitarinių mokslų mokytojų (35), pradinių klasių mokytojų (31). Taip pat buvo apklausti pardavėjai (36), vadybininkai (27 ), įstaigų vadovai (31 ) bei nekvalifikuoti darbininkai (35). Empirinėje dalyje nagrinėjamas profesijos ir balso sutrikimų ryšys. Taip pat bandoma išsiaiškinti, ar yra ryšys tarp lyties ir problemų susijusių su balsu. Svarbiausios empirinio tyrimo išvados: 1. Pedagoginės, psichologinės ir medicininės literatūros analizė atskleidė, kad pagrindinės balso sutrikimų atsiradimo priežastys yra pinkaudžiavimas balsu ir netinkamas jo vartojimas. 2. Pedagogo profesija patenka į didžiausią rizikos grupę, pagal balso sutrikimų atsiradimą, o darbininkai ir vadybininkai mažiausiai jaučia neigiamų balso pokyčių. 3. Pojūčius bei pokyčius, susijusius su balso sutrikimų atsiradimu, dažniausiai jaučia lopšelio – darželio auklėtojai, o mažiausiai – darbininkai, vadybininkai bei vadovaujantis personalas. 4. Dėl aukšto balso tembro ir jaučiamos didesnės psichologinės įtampos bei jautrumo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / At Masters work carried out theoretical concepts of voice disorders and voice disorders emergence of theories of interpretation of the analysis. Questionnaire survey method was conducted with the aim - to find out the relationship between an occupation and voice disorders. Was made the statistical (descriptive percent, x2 test) data analysis. The study included 308 respondents. Kaunas Hospital medical personnel (40), Naujoji Akmenė hospital doctors (50), Šiauliai city teachers (89) consisting of the nursery - kindergarten teachers (23), the exact sciences and humanities teachers (35), primary school teachers (31). Also, sales consultant were interviewed (36), managers (27), heads of institutions (31) and laborers (35). The empirical part deals with the relationship between an occupation and voice disorders. It is also trying to find out whether there is a relationship between sex and the problems associated with voice. The main empirical findings: 1. Pedagogical, psychological and medical literature shows that the main causes of voice disorders is voice abuse and its inappropriate use. 2. Teacher’s profession enters of the highest risk group, according to the probability of occurrence of voice disorders among workers and the managers are reluctant to complain about the voice-related problems. 3. Most feelings and changes that may be the initial symptoms associated with voice disorders appearance, feel the nursery - kindergarten teachers, who have long hours of intensive... [to full text]

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2003. / Includes bibliography.

Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / "A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 4, 2001. Also available in print.

No description available.

A proposta deste trabalho foi estudar a avaliação perceptivo-auditiva e acústica de 25 indivíduos do gênero feminino, sendo 20 com nódulos vocais e 5 com laringe e vozes normais. O software VoxMetria. foi instrumento de análise para os dados acústicos. O estudo foi aprovado pela Comissão de Ética em Pesquisa (CEP) do Hospital Erasto Gaertner, em Curitiba/ Paraná e os indivíduos selecionadas foram submetidos a três avaliações: laringológica, perceptivo-auditiva e acústica. Para o exame de laringe, utilizou-se a videolaringoestroboscopia. Para a avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da qualidade vocal, utilizouse a escala RASAT. E e os parâmetros de freqüência fundamental (f0), a medida de ruído GNE (glottal to noise excitation ratio) e a espectrografia vocal para a análise acústica; sendo utilizado a vogal sustentada [é]. Os resultados revelaram que os valores da freqüência fundamental foram mais graves no grupo com nódulos vocais e o parâmetro GNE não mostrou-se sensível na avaliação dos dois grupos, apresentando os resultados dentro dos padrões de normalidade. A avaliação perceptivo-auditiva e a espectrografia vocal revelaram diferenças significativas entre as vozes normais e com nódulos vocais. A espectrografia vocal mostrou-se extremamente confiável quando comparada à avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da qualidade vocal. / This work ayms to study the perceptual evaluation and the acoustic analysis in 25 women. In this population, 20 women had vocal nodule and 5 had normal voices and larynx. It was defined the vocal node as the interest pathology, which is a reaction to the excessive use of the voice, that induces to the constant vocal folds movement. It was used VoxMetria software to analise the acoustic data. This research was approved by Hospital Erasto Gaertner Research and Ethics Commission, in Curitiba/ Paraná. The selected women were submitted to 3 evaluations: laryngological, perceptual and acoustic. In the larynx exam it was used the “videolaringoestroboscopia”. In the perceptual evaluation it was used the RASAT scale. The basic frequency parameters (f0), the noise measure GNE (glottal to noise excitation ratio) and the vocal spectrogram, to the acoustic analysis, where it was used the supported vowel [é]. The results showed that the basic frequency values were more thick in the group with vocal nodule and the noise measure GNE wasn’t sensitive in both group analysis and showed normal results. The perceptual evaluation and the vocal spectrogram revealed significant differences between the two groups. The vocal spectrogram were really sensitive when compared to the perceptual evaluation

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-07-28 / Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de alterações vocais em adolescentes de 16 anos, estudantes da rede pública estadual da cidade de Recife-PE, com características de bulimia nervosa. Método: Para este estudo foram avaliados 216 adolescentes sendo 80 do gênero masculino e 136 do gênero feminino para identificar os que apresentavam características de bulimia nervosa foi utilizado o Teste de Investigação Bulímica (BITE) e a identificação dos sinais e sintomas vocais foi por meio de análises vocais subjetivas (Escala de GRBASI e Escala Analógica Visual- Escala Numérica EAV-EN) e objetiva (Voxmetria). Resultados: A prevalência de características de bulimia nervosa entre a população estudada foi de 70 indivíduos (32,4%), tendo percentual maior para o gênero feminino 52(74,3%) e menor para o masculino 18(25,7%). Quanto à análise vocal destes indivíduos com características de bulimia nervosa, na escala de GRBASI 19(27,1%) apresentaram vozes normais enquanto que 51(73,9%) mostraram alterações na voz (p<0,001); na EAV-EN 31(44,3%) apresentaram vozes no padrão normal e 39(56,5%) tinham alterações vocais (p<0,001), para o Voxmetria 37(53,6%) possuíam vozes normais e 33(47,1%) tinham algum tipo de alteração (p=0,381). Conclusão: Este estudo apresentou uma alta prevalência de adolescentes com características de bulimia nervosa das escolas públicas da cidade de Recife, com 16 anos de idade, além de encontrar neste grupo um alto percentual de sinais na voz, com isso se conclui a necessidade de que haja uma maior atenção aos riscos causados pelos transtornos alimentares nas vozes dos adolescentes. / Objective: To verify the prevalence of voice disorders in teenagers of 16 years old, students from public schools in the city of Recife-PE, with characteristics of bulimia nervosa. Method: For this study, 216 teenagers were rated with 80 males and 136 females to identify those that had characteristics of bulimia nervosa was used Bulimic Investigatory Test (BITE) and the identification of signs and symptoms vocal was by analysis subjective voice (Scale GRBASI and Visual Analog Scale-Scale Numerical- EN VAS) and objective (Voxmetria). Results: The prevalence of features of bulimia nervosa among the study population was 70 individuals (32.4%) and higher percentage for females 52 (74.3%) and lower for males 18 (25.7%). As for vocal analysis of these individuals with characteristics of bulimia nervosa, scale GRBASI 19 (27.1%) had normal voices while 51 (73.9%) showed changes in voice (p <0.001) in VAS-EN 31 (44.3%) had voices in the normal pattern and 39 (56.5%) had vocal changes (p <0.001) for Voxmetria 37 (53.6%) had normal voices and 33 (47.1%) had some type of change (p = 0.381). Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of teenagers with bulimia nervosa characteristics of public schools in the city of Recife, with 16 years of age, and find this group a high percentage of sings in her voice, it concludes with the need that there is greater attention to the risks posed by eating disorders in the voices of adolescents. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-05-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:21:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 mendes_lcs_dr_botfm.pdf: 1401815 bytes, checksum: f964f51ca3bbb15eba4b33e0b3d96444 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Verificar a prevalência de alterações vocais em professores e correlacionar com as condições de trabalho. Delineamento: Estudo transversal. Participantes:381 docentes da rede de ensino da cidade de Bauru, SP., entrevistados entre 2009 à 2011, sendo 85% do sexo feminino, com idade mediana de 42 anos, entre 22 a 69 anos. Variáveis: Alterações vocal, laringológica e auditiva, variáveis de condições de trabalho. A qualidade vocal foi classificada por meio da escala GRBASI, a alteração auditiva foi medida por meio da avaliação das emissões otoacústicas transientes e as demais variáveis foram medidas por meio do questionário autoaplicável. Aleatória com alocação por cinco regiões geográfica da cidade de Bauru. A relação entre sexo, idade e condições de trabalho com as alterações foi estudada por modelo de regressão logística múltipla contendo, no modelo, as variáveis que se relacionaram significativamente de forma independente por meio do teste exato de Fisher, Qui-quadrado ou estimativa do Odds-Ratio. A reprodutibilidade inter avaliador (análise de concordância entre os juízes em relação ao estado da voz) foi realizada por teste de Kappa. A relação de professores do sexo feminino foi de 85%, com idade média de 42 anos, e com mais de 16 anos de docência. As condições de trabalho tanto física como emocionais foram consideradas como desfavoráveis, havendo associação estatisticamente significativa entre sexo, faixa etária que leciona, tempo que leciona, carga horária semanal de trabalho e, a acústica inadequada. A alteração vocal foi referida por 60% dos entrevistados, sendo a rouquidão o sintoma mais comum (83,5%), e para 48,9% a alteração vocal está presente há mais de 4 anos. O fator causal apontado foi o uso intensivo da voz para 88,4% e estresse 59,8%. A análise perceptivo-auditiva diagnosticou como... / To determine the prevalence of vocal changes in teachers and correlate with working conditions. Design: cross-sectional study. Participants: 381 teachers in the city of Bauru, SP, interviewed between 2009 to 2011, being 85% female, with median age of 42 years between 22 to 69 years. Variables: vocal, laryngologic and hearing changes, variable working conditions. The voice quality was classified by means of GRBASI, the hearing change scale was measured by assessing otoacoustic emissions and other variables were measured by means of a questionnaire. Five geographical regions of the city of Bauru were allocated randomly. The relationship between gender, age and working conditions regarding the changes was studied by multiple logistic regression model, containing in the template, the variables that significantly related independently through Fisher's exact test, Chi-square or estimate of the Odds-Ratio. Reproducibility inter evaluator (analysis of correlation between the judges in relation to voice condition) was held by Kappa test. The female teacher relationship was 85%, with an average age of 42 years, and with more than 16 years of teaching. Working conditions both physical and emotional were regarded as unfavorable, and there was statistically significant association between gender, age group, teaching time, work load, and improper acoustics. Vocal changes were referred to 60% of respondents, being hoarseness the most common symptom (83.5%), and for 48.9% vocal changes is present for more than 4 years. The main causal factor was intensive voice use for 88.4% and stress for 59.8% . A hearing-perceptual voice analysis found that 84.7% of teacher voices were altered, being 56.9% of moderate degree and there was no statistically significant relationship between working conditions. Laryngeal alteration was diagnosed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Resumo: Alterações na voz das crianças são geralmente confundidas pelos pais com sintomas de infecções de vias aéreas superiores ou tachadas como qualidade normal da voz. Foram objetivos deste trabalho verificar a opinião dos pais sobre a voz de seus filhos no que diz respeito a: percepção e preocupação relacionadas às alterações de voz de seus filhos, fatores que influem na qualidade vocal, atitudes tomadas frente às alterações de voz, percepção de problemas vocais e referência de queixas vocais pelos filhos, importância da voz na vida familiar, escolar e para o futuro do filho. Participaram do estudo 526 pais de crianças, com idade entre 5 e 12 anos, sendo 50,2% do sexo feminino, que freqüentam escolas da rede municipal e estadual da cidade de Garça, São Paulo. Os pais responderam a um questionário padronizado. Os resultados mostraram que 74% dos pais caracterizaram a voz de seus filhos como normal e/ou bonita, sendo que 26% percebem algum tipo de desvio, entre eles muito alta, alterada, nasal e rouca ; os pais referiram que 37,5 a 68% das crianças apresentam eventualmente alguma alteração na voz e 45% dos pais se preocupam com tais alterações. A maioria dos pais que percebem alterações na voz do filho (68%) tomam alguma atitude, 36% dos pais acreditam que as crianças não percebem quando têm alterações na voz, 77,5 a 92% dos pais referiram que o filho nunca relatou queixas vocais. Grande parte dos pais (80 a 95,8%) apontou que o filho nunca apresentou mudanças na voz no decorrer do dia, perda total da voz ou rouquidão, 44% dos pais responderam que a criança se sente incomodada quando tem alguma alteração na voz e relacionam a alteração com o abuso vocal, 79,5 a 49,5% afirmaram que a voz é muito importante para a vida pessoal, familiar, escolar e para o futuro do filho. Os hábitos considerados bons para a voz foram: dormir bem... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Child voice disorders are generally confused by the parents as both: upper respiratory diseases or with normal quality of voice. The aim of this work was to assess the parent's opinion about their child voice regarding factors that influence in vocal quality, perception and worries about the children voice modification. Moreover, perception and attitude taken for the parents facing their child voice alteration and finally, the parent's perception of the importance of their child voice for familiar and scholar life and for the child future. Participated in this study, five hundred and twenty-six parents of children with age between 5 and 12 years. 50,2% of them were female,that frequent private and public schools in the city of Garça, state of São Paulo. The parents answered a standard questionnaire. As a result of this study we had 74% of the parents caracterized the children's voice as normal and/or beautiful, 26% perceived any kind of deviation like very high, altered, nasal and hoarse. The parents also refered that 37,5% to 68% eventually has any voice disorder and 45% of the parents are worried about that disorders. The majority of the parents that perceive the child voice disorder (68%) take any attitude; 36% of the parents believe that children do not believe that children do not perceive when they have voice disturbances; 77,5% to 92% of the parents refered that the child has no voice complaint. Several parents (80 to 95,85%) reported that the child has never had voice changes in the course of the day, total lost of the voice or hoarseness; 44% answered that the child gets unquiet when has some voice disturbance and associate the disturbance with the vocal abuse; 79,5% to 49,5% affirmed that the voice is very important to the personal life, familiar, scholar and to the child future... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Ercília Maria Caarone Trezza / Coorientador: Mara Behlau / Mestre

Orientador: Jair Cortez Montovani / Coorientador: Alcione G. Brasolotto / Coorientador: Kátia Freitas Alvarenga / Banca: Eliana Maria Gradim Fabron / Resumo: Verificar a prevalência de alterações vocais em professores e correlacionar com as condições de trabalho. Delineamento: Estudo transversal. Participantes:381 docentes da rede de ensino da cidade de Bauru, SP., entrevistados entre 2009 à 2011, sendo 85% do sexo feminino, com idade mediana de 42 anos, entre 22 a 69 anos. Variáveis: Alterações vocal, laringológica e auditiva, variáveis de condições de trabalho. A qualidade vocal foi classificada por meio da escala GRBASI, a alteração auditiva foi medida por meio da avaliação das emissões otoacústicas transientes e as demais variáveis foram medidas por meio do questionário autoaplicável. Aleatória com alocação por cinco regiões geográfica da cidade de Bauru. A relação entre sexo, idade e condições de trabalho com as alterações foi estudada por modelo de regressão logística múltipla contendo, no modelo, as variáveis que se relacionaram significativamente de forma independente por meio do teste exato de Fisher, Qui-quadrado ou estimativa do Odds-Ratio. A reprodutibilidade inter avaliador (análise de concordância entre os juízes em relação ao estado da voz) foi realizada por teste de Kappa. A relação de professores do sexo feminino foi de 85%, com idade média de 42 anos, e com mais de 16 anos de docência. As condições de trabalho tanto física como emocionais foram consideradas como desfavoráveis, havendo associação estatisticamente significativa entre sexo, faixa etária que leciona, tempo que leciona, carga horária semanal de trabalho e, a acústica inadequada. A alteração vocal foi referida por 60% dos entrevistados, sendo a rouquidão o sintoma mais comum (83,5%), e para 48,9% a alteração vocal está presente há mais de 4 anos. O fator causal apontado foi o uso intensivo da voz para 88,4% e estresse 59,8%. A análise perceptivo-auditiva diagnosticou como... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: To determine the prevalence of vocal changes in teachers and correlate with working conditions. Design: cross-sectional study. Participants: 381 teachers in the city of Bauru, SP, interviewed between 2009 to 2011, being 85% female, with median age of 42 years between 22 to 69 years. Variables: vocal, laryngologic and hearing changes, variable working conditions. The voice quality was classified by means of GRBASI, the hearing change scale was measured by assessing otoacoustic emissions and other variables were measured by means of a questionnaire. Five geographical regions of the city of Bauru were allocated randomly. The relationship between gender, age and working conditions regarding the changes was studied by multiple logistic regression model, containing in the template, the variables that significantly related independently through Fisher's exact test, Chi-square or estimate of the Odds-Ratio. Reproducibility inter evaluator (analysis of correlation between the judges in relation to voice condition) was held by Kappa test. The female teacher relationship was 85%, with an average age of 42 years, and with more than 16 years of teaching. Working conditions both physical and emotional were regarded as unfavorable, and there was statistically significant association between gender, age group, teaching time, work load, and improper acoustics. Vocal changes were referred to 60% of respondents, being hoarseness the most common symptom (83.5%), and for 48.9% vocal changes is present for more than 4 years. The main causal factor was intensive voice use for 88.4% and stress for 59.8% . A hearing-perceptual voice analysis found that 84.7% of teacher voices were altered, being 56.9% of moderate degree and there was no statistically significant relationship between working conditions. Laryngeal alteration was diagnosed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor