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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

A partial validation of the WHOQOL-OLD in a sample of older people in South Africa / Lizanle van Biljon

Van Biljon, Lizanle January 2014 (has links)
This article describes the psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-OLD (an add-on module to the World Health Organization's Quality of Life measure for older people) in a South African sample. International literature cites three short versions of the WHOQOL-OLD instrument. The psychometric properties associated with these three short versions of the WHOQOL-OLD are also described. The unique challenges posed by ageing populations are evident in both developed and developing countries. In South Africa the elderly population is also increasing dramatically. There is a disproportionate distribution of older persons per ethnic group, with white older people representing the largest group of older South Africans (21%, proportional to ethnic group). Regardless of integration policies in post-apartheid South Africa, especially in terms of housing arrangements, the majority of long-term care facilities in South Africa remain to be occupied predominantly by white older people. For this reason the participants of this study were mostly older white South Africans. It is, however, projected that this picture will change in future times due to more aggressive transformation-driven policies. A national audit of residential care facilities by the Department of Social Development in 2010 indicated a need for psychosocial interventions since the QoL of residents was found to be undetermined. QoL research in South Africa has largely been conducted from socio-economic and health-care perspectives and has tended to focus on specific societies in which older people are usually not explicitly included. Evidence exists of various qualitative studies among older people living in long-term care facilities, from a psychological perspective. However, the short supply of quantitative studies in this setting is significant. The lack of measurements developed for an older population also resulted in an increasing need for the development of gerontological QoL measurements with sound psychometric properties. Internationally, various measures of QoL utilised in older age groups have become increasingly popular. This study took particular interest in the WHOQOL-OLD instrument. Under the auspices of the World Health Organization Quality of Life group, a collaborative effort among numerous researchers from various countries has led to the development of a measure focussing on the QoL in older population cohorts. The initial development of the generic WHOQOL measures of quality of life occurred in 15 different centres worldwide, excluding South Africa. In the development of an add-on module, 22 centres around the world were involved (again excluding South Africa). It cannot be assumed that measuring instruments developed in a Western context are applicable in an African context. South Africa is a very diverse nation - the majority of ethnic groups lead a collectivistic existence. As a result the determination of the psychometric properties of such instruments, for use within South Africa, was needed. It is of importance to note that the participants of this study were more individualistically inclined, which is comparable to Western societies. This study was the first step in exploring the instrument’s reliable use within South Africa. Surveys were completed by 176 older people who were fluent in both Afrikaans and English. Participants of the study resided in long-term care facilities in Potchefstroom in the North-West province of South Africa. Their ages varied between 61 and 95 and the mean age of participants was 77 years. Of the respondents, 50 were male and 126 were female. All reported average to good health and cognitive ability. The current study found encouraging results related to the original factor structure of the WHOQOL-OLD as well as the three shorter versions of this instrument. Results from the data of the current sample seem to fit the original structure model well. The reliabilities associated with the various sub-dimensions point to a reliable instrument. The original WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire with its 24 items or any of the three short versions of this instrument can therefore be utilised in a South African context. / MA (Clinical Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
42

A partial validation of the WHOQOL-OLD in a sample of older people in South Africa / Lizanle van Biljon

Van Biljon, Lizanle January 2014 (has links)
This article describes the psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-OLD (an add-on module to the World Health Organization's Quality of Life measure for older people) in a South African sample. International literature cites three short versions of the WHOQOL-OLD instrument. The psychometric properties associated with these three short versions of the WHOQOL-OLD are also described. The unique challenges posed by ageing populations are evident in both developed and developing countries. In South Africa the elderly population is also increasing dramatically. There is a disproportionate distribution of older persons per ethnic group, with white older people representing the largest group of older South Africans (21%, proportional to ethnic group). Regardless of integration policies in post-apartheid South Africa, especially in terms of housing arrangements, the majority of long-term care facilities in South Africa remain to be occupied predominantly by white older people. For this reason the participants of this study were mostly older white South Africans. It is, however, projected that this picture will change in future times due to more aggressive transformation-driven policies. A national audit of residential care facilities by the Department of Social Development in 2010 indicated a need for psychosocial interventions since the QoL of residents was found to be undetermined. QoL research in South Africa has largely been conducted from socio-economic and health-care perspectives and has tended to focus on specific societies in which older people are usually not explicitly included. Evidence exists of various qualitative studies among older people living in long-term care facilities, from a psychological perspective. However, the short supply of quantitative studies in this setting is significant. The lack of measurements developed for an older population also resulted in an increasing need for the development of gerontological QoL measurements with sound psychometric properties. Internationally, various measures of QoL utilised in older age groups have become increasingly popular. This study took particular interest in the WHOQOL-OLD instrument. Under the auspices of the World Health Organization Quality of Life group, a collaborative effort among numerous researchers from various countries has led to the development of a measure focussing on the QoL in older population cohorts. The initial development of the generic WHOQOL measures of quality of life occurred in 15 different centres worldwide, excluding South Africa. In the development of an add-on module, 22 centres around the world were involved (again excluding South Africa). It cannot be assumed that measuring instruments developed in a Western context are applicable in an African context. South Africa is a very diverse nation - the majority of ethnic groups lead a collectivistic existence. As a result the determination of the psychometric properties of such instruments, for use within South Africa, was needed. It is of importance to note that the participants of this study were more individualistically inclined, which is comparable to Western societies. This study was the first step in exploring the instrument’s reliable use within South Africa. Surveys were completed by 176 older people who were fluent in both Afrikaans and English. Participants of the study resided in long-term care facilities in Potchefstroom in the North-West province of South Africa. Their ages varied between 61 and 95 and the mean age of participants was 77 years. Of the respondents, 50 were male and 126 were female. All reported average to good health and cognitive ability. The current study found encouraging results related to the original factor structure of the WHOQOL-OLD as well as the three shorter versions of this instrument. Results from the data of the current sample seem to fit the original structure model well. The reliabilities associated with the various sub-dimensions point to a reliable instrument. The original WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire with its 24 items or any of the three short versions of this instrument can therefore be utilised in a South African context. / MA (Clinical Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
43

Vztah mezi latentní toxoplasmózou a schizofrenií / The relation between latent toxoplasmosis and schizophrenia

Sglundová, Markéta January 2014 (has links)
The relation between the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii and schizophrenia was studied and confirmed in several studies. There are proofs that latent toxoplasmosis deteriorates the course of schizophrenia. The goal of this study was to clarify whether there are differences between subjectively perceived quality of life of infected and non-infected psychiatric patients. We tested men and women from the PCP treated for the diagnosis of schizophrenia, who undertook serology blood tests for detection of anamnestic T. gondii antibodies. Patients also filled out two questionaires that assessed subjectively perceived quality of life - SOS-10 and WHOQOL-BREF. Patients filled out these questionaires twice, both at the start of the study before coming to psychiatric therapeutical institution and after one year. During the first testing were the questionaires filled out by 171 persons, after one year by 108 persons. Based on the results of these tests we found out that latent toxoplasmosis had a negative impact on subjectively perceived quality of life of schizophrenia patients, particularly on infected women. On the other hand, the quality of life of non-infected patients improved during one year. The effect of toxoplasmosis on quality of life was gender related, which could be explained by already...
44

Avaliação da qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores de serviços de radiodiagnóstico / Quality of life evaluation of workers for diagnostic radiology services

Fernandes, Ivani Martins 06 December 2011 (has links)
Este estudo teve como finalidade principal avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) dos profissionais de saúde que compõem o serviço de radiodiagnóstico de um hospital da cidade de São Paulo. Além disso, objetivou conhecer o perfil desses profissionais, identificando as variáveis que podem influenciar a QV desses profissionais. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados usando os questionários: o instrumento abreviado de avaliação de QV - World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument bref (WHOQOL-bref) da Organização Mundial da Saúde e um questionário sobre as variáveis de interesse: sociodemográficas, condições de trabalho e estilo de vida, ambos questionários auto-aplicáveis. A amostra foi constituída de 118 profissionais nas categorias de: médicos, tecnólogos/técnicos de radiologia, enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, entre outros. A análise dos dados envolveu estatística descritiva, testes não paramétricos e o uso de um modelo de regressão linear. O grau de confiabilidade do instrumento foi avaliado por meio do Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach (α). O WHOQOL-bref demonstrou ser um instrumento adequado, de aplicação fácil e rápida para a aferição da qualidade de vida; mostrou bom desempenho psicométrico e boa consistência interna (α=0,884). O estudo permitiu conhecer a percepção de qualidade de vida do grupo estudado. / The main objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of diagnostic radiology services workers at a hospital of São Paulo city. It aimed also to draw the profile of these workers identifying the variables, as its influence on their quality of life. A descriptive exploratory study with qualitative and quantitative approaches was carried out. The data were collected using the questionnaires: the abbreviated instrument for the assessment of the QOL, World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument bref (WHOQOL-bref) and a questionnaire including the social demographic variables, work conditions and the variables that express the lifestyle of individuals, both questionnaires self-applied. The sample was formed by 118 workers, among them: physicians, technologists/technicians in radiology, nurses, technicians and assistants in nursing, and others health professionals. The data analysis included descriptive statistics, nonparametric tests and the use of a linear regression model. The reliability of the instrument for the studied sample was verified by Cronbachs Alpha Coefficient (α). The WHOQOL-bref proved to be an adequate instrument, with a good level of internal consistency (α=0.884), being easily and quickly administrated for the evaluation of the QOL. The study provided an overview of the perception of quality of life of the studied group.
45

Avaliação da qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores de serviços de radiodiagnóstico / Quality of life evaluation of workers for diagnostic radiology services

Ivani Martins Fernandes 06 December 2011 (has links)
Este estudo teve como finalidade principal avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) dos profissionais de saúde que compõem o serviço de radiodiagnóstico de um hospital da cidade de São Paulo. Além disso, objetivou conhecer o perfil desses profissionais, identificando as variáveis que podem influenciar a QV desses profissionais. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados usando os questionários: o instrumento abreviado de avaliação de QV - World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument bref (WHOQOL-bref) da Organização Mundial da Saúde e um questionário sobre as variáveis de interesse: sociodemográficas, condições de trabalho e estilo de vida, ambos questionários auto-aplicáveis. A amostra foi constituída de 118 profissionais nas categorias de: médicos, tecnólogos/técnicos de radiologia, enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, entre outros. A análise dos dados envolveu estatística descritiva, testes não paramétricos e o uso de um modelo de regressão linear. O grau de confiabilidade do instrumento foi avaliado por meio do Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach (α). O WHOQOL-bref demonstrou ser um instrumento adequado, de aplicação fácil e rápida para a aferição da qualidade de vida; mostrou bom desempenho psicométrico e boa consistência interna (α=0,884). O estudo permitiu conhecer a percepção de qualidade de vida do grupo estudado. / The main objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of diagnostic radiology services workers at a hospital of São Paulo city. It aimed also to draw the profile of these workers identifying the variables, as its influence on their quality of life. A descriptive exploratory study with qualitative and quantitative approaches was carried out. The data were collected using the questionnaires: the abbreviated instrument for the assessment of the QOL, World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument bref (WHOQOL-bref) and a questionnaire including the social demographic variables, work conditions and the variables that express the lifestyle of individuals, both questionnaires self-applied. The sample was formed by 118 workers, among them: physicians, technologists/technicians in radiology, nurses, technicians and assistants in nursing, and others health professionals. The data analysis included descriptive statistics, nonparametric tests and the use of a linear regression model. The reliability of the instrument for the studied sample was verified by Cronbachs Alpha Coefficient (α). The WHOQOL-bref proved to be an adequate instrument, with a good level of internal consistency (α=0.884), being easily and quickly administrated for the evaluation of the QOL. The study provided an overview of the perception of quality of life of the studied group.
46

Aproximações entre o crer e o não-crer: avaliação de qualidade de vida em jovens evangélicos, ateus e sem-religião / quality of life; youth; religion; social psychology of religion; WHOQOL-BREF

Torres, Camila Mendonça 06 December 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Mendonca Torres.pdf: 1650894 bytes, checksum: 057d88f61d0eda43529562b477cdcea7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-06 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The research aimed to evaluate how much the religion (or no experience of it) may correlate to quality of life of healthy young adults of São Paulo through the application of a general questionnaire and instrument for assessing quality of life of the World Health in its short version - the WHOQOL-BREF in three comparison groups: one for protestants, one for atheists and one who call themselves non-religious. As a result, there was a connection between the behavior of believing and not believing, as no significant differences were found showing that the religious / non-religious position is correlated to the quality of life of young people. The group of protestants measured realize greater connection between body, mind and soul, and greater equilibrium and harmony in their lives when compared to other groups. The research shows trends and draws inferences about some issues which suggests that they be examined by future research using different methodologies and points of view. / A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o quanto a religiosidade (vivência ou não dela) pode estar correlacionada à qualidade de vida de jovens adultos saudáveis de São Paulo por meio da aplicação de um questionário geral e do instrumento de avaliação de qualidade de vida da Organização Mundial de Saúde em sua versão breve - a WHOQOL- BREF, em três grupos comparativos: um de protestantes históricos, um de jovens ateus e outro de jovens que se denominam sem religião. Como resultados, verificou-se uma aproximação entre o comportamento do crer e do não crer, já que não foram encontradas diferenças significativas que comprovem que a religiosidade/posição não religiosa está correlacionada à qualidade de vida dos jovens. O grupo dos jovens evangélicos mensurou perceber maior conexão entre corpo, mente e alma, bem como maior equilíbrio e harmonia em suas vidas quando comparados aos outros grupos. A pesquisa aponta tendências e traça inferências sobre algumas questões as quais sugere-se que sejam examinadas através de futuras pesquisas com diferentes metodologias e pontos de vista.
47

O impacto do tratamento periodontal na qualidade de vida de pacientes portadores de síndrome metabólica : uma análise parcial de um ensaio clínico randomizado

Milanesi, Fernanda Carpes January 2015 (has links)
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento periodontal na qualidade de vida de pacientes portadores de Síndrome Metabólica (SM), em uma amostra de 48 pacientes. Os pacientes apresentavam diagnóstico de Periodontite e SM e foram randomizados para dois grupos de tratamento: um grupo ao qual era oferecido tratamento periodontal imediato e outro grupo de tratamento tardio, que receberia o tratamento periodontal após seis meses da sua inclusão no estudo. Para aferir qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal e qualidade de vida geral, foram usados os instrumentos OHIP-14 e WHOQoL-bref, respectivamente. Exames periodontais completos avaliaram Índice de placa visível, Índice de sangramento gengival, Fatores retentivos de placa, Profundidade de sondagem, Sangramento à sondagem e Nível de inserção clínica, em seis sítios por dente. Além disso, exames antropométricos, exames sorológicos e entrevistas com os questionários de qualidade de vida foram realizados no momento inicial e após seis meses do início do estudo. Os dois grupos se mostraram semelhantes no momento inicial. Após seis meses, foram observadas reduções significativas no grupo de tratamento imediato para todos os parâmetros periodontais clínicos. A análise do WHOQoL-bref por domínios mostrou pequenas alterações não significativas em ambos os grupos. Na avaliação dos escores totais de OHIP-14 foi observada, após 6 meses, uma redução de 18,6 para 15 (Δ=3,6) no grupo tardio e de 15 para 5,7 (Δ=9,3) no grupo imediato, com diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos (p=0,003). Essas diferenças resultaram em um tamanho de efeito de 0,27 (pequeno) para o grupo tardio e 0,78 (moderado) para o grupo imediato. Na análise por domínios, foram encontradas diferenças significativas para o grupo imediato nos domínios limitação funcional (p=0,006), desconforto psicológico (p=0,001), incapacidade física (p=0,009) e incapacidade psicológica (p=0,007), comparado ao grupo tardio. Em pacientes portadores da SM, as mudanças na percepção da qualidade de vida aferidas pelo OHIP-14 foram significativas para o grupo de pacientes que recebeu tratamento periodontal imediato, em comparação ao grupo que recebeu o tratamento tardio. / The aim of this study was to assess the effect of periodontal treatment in quality of life of patients with Metabolic Syndrome, in a sample of 48 patients. The patients showed diagnosis of Periodontitis and Metabolic Syndrome and were randomized for two treatment groups: 1) immediate periodontal treatment 2) later treatment, six months after study inclusion. The instruments OHIP-14 and WHOQoL-bref were used to assess oral health related quality of life and general quality of life, respectively. Complete periodontal exams evaluated plaque visible index, gingival bleeding index, plaque retentive factors, probing depth, bleeding on probing and clinical attachment level, on six sites per tooth. Furthermore, antropometrics, blood exams and interview with quality of life measures instruments were performed in baseline and six months after the beginning of the study. Both groups were similar in baseline. After six months, significant reductions on immediate treatment group for all clinical periodontal parameters were observed. The WHOQoL-bref analysis by domains showed no significant small changes, for both groups. After six months, a decrease of 18,6 to 15 (Δ=3,6) for the later treatment group and 15 to 5,7 (Δ=9,3) for the immediate treatment group was observed in the evaluation of OHIP-14 for total scores, with statistical significant differences between the groups (p=0,003). These differences resulted in an effect size of 0,27 (small) for the later treatment group and 0,78 (moderate) for the immediate treatment group. In domains analysis, significant differences for the immediate treatment group on functional limitation (p=0,006), psychological discomfort (p=0,001), physical incapacity (p=0,009) and psychological incapacity (p=0,007) domains, were found compared to later treatment group. In patients with Metabolic Syndrome, changes on quality of life perception measured by OHIP-14 were significant for immediate treatment group, compared to the later treatment group.
48

Analýza kvality života u vychovatelů na Táborsku, navržení a ověření programu podpory zdraví / The Quality of Life Analysis at Educators and Propose a Program for Health Support in Tabor Region

HÁJKOVÁ, Martina January 2013 (has links)
Thesis The Quality of Life Analysis at Educators and Propose a Program for Health Support in Tabor Region support especially deals with tutorial profession in the theoretical part, competence of teachers and provides the tutor profile. It describes quality of life concept in the next chapter. Important thing especially is the quality of the teacher´s life and its issue as well as the support of the teacher´s health. There was my aim to analyze the quality of tutor life in Tábor area in the research section and to propose and to verify the program of the health support. The research was realized on the base of questionnaire survey with the help of questionnaire WHOQOL-BREF. There was found a good life quality of the tutors and there was even the quality of life improved in the group that participated of my intervention program.
49

Representa??es sociais do trabalho e da qualidade de vida para servidores de bibliotecas universit?rias

Tin?co, Ana Cristina Cavalcanti 07 August 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-10T19:56:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCristinaCavalcantiTinoco_DISSERT.pdf: 2278101 bytes, checksum: 9c175f7828460204dd99849c08d29edb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-11T21:32:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCristinaCavalcantiTinoco_DISSERT.pdf: 2278101 bytes, checksum: 9c175f7828460204dd99849c08d29edb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-11T21:32:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCristinaCavalcantiTinoco_DISSERT.pdf: 2278101 bytes, checksum: 9c175f7828460204dd99849c08d29edb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-07 / As bibliotecas acad?micas brasileiras se multiplicaram e modernizaram a partir das avalia??es obrigat?rias do Sistema Federal de Educa??o Superior. Na UFRN, o Sistema ? composto por 22 bibliotecas. Fatores como gest?o tradicional, cren?as e valores divergentes, tarefas repetitivas, entediantes, ou desafiadoras, que demandam tecnologias atuais e o funcionamento extenso das bibliotecas s?o objetos de tens?es e conflitos que parecem atingir o trabalho e outras dimens?es da vida. As quest?es da pesquisa se voltaram para compreens?es consensuais sobre trabalho e qualidade de vida (QV) dos servidores dessas bibliotecas, para identificar poss?veis aproxima??es entre os fen?menos. O estudo tem base na Teoria das Representa??es Sociais (TRS) de Serge Moscovici, utiliza principalmente a Abordagem Dimensional, al?m da Abordagem Din?mica de Denise Jodelet. O objetivo ? caracterizar as representa??es sociais de trabalho, da QV e analisar poss?veis associa??es entre os fen?menos. Apresenta abordagem mista concomitante, com predomin?ncia de aspectos qualitativos, delineamento explorat?rio, descritivo e transversal, do tipo compreensivo com levantamento de dados. Foram realizadas 30 entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais, com quest?es abertas monotem?ticas sobre trabalho e QV, quest?es objetivas sobre comportamentos e atitudes relacionados aos fen?menos estudados; percep??o subjetiva da qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-Bref), dados sociodemogr?ficos e laborais para delinear o perfil dos participantes. As entrevistas analisadas com aux?lio de um software de an?lise textual e os dados objetivos com estat?stica descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados revelaram RS do trabalho heterog?neas. O trabalho foi vinculado a prazer, equil?brio, harmonia, oportunidade de crescimento, mas tamb?m a subsist?ncia, obriga??o, responsabilidade e dever. Nas RS de QV o conte?do tamb?m se mostrou poliss?mico. A QV foi vinculada especialmente ao desejo de equil?brio (fam?lia x trabalho, sa?de x dinheiro, emocional x f?sico), chamando aten??o para a import?ncia das rela??es sociais (fam?lia, amigos, colegas de trabalho) na obten??o de maior QV. Nas an?lises estat?sticas h? poucas varia??es nas idades, no entanto, quanto maior a idade menor o escore de QV no WHOQOL-Bref. Em m?dia os participantes obtiveram bons escores na percep??o de QV. Menores escores para o dom?nio ambiente mostraram insatisfa??o com aspectos ergon?micos do trabalho. Espera-se, com a divulga??o, contribuir para novos olhares sobre o trabalho e a qualidade de vida; fomentar indica??es e diretrizes para a??es de gest?o e fortalecer pol?ticas institucionais. / Brazilian academic libraries multiplied and modernized as a result of mandatory evaluations of the Federal System of Higher Education. In UFRN, the system is consisted of 22 libraries.Factors such as traditional management, divergent values and beliefs, repetitive, boring or challenging tasks, which requires modern technologies and the extensive operation of libraries, are objects of tensions and conflicts that affect work and other aspects of life.The questions of this survey are focused on consensual understandings on work and quality of life of employees from these libraries to identify possible similarities between these phenomena. The study is based on the Theory of Social Representations (TSR) of Serge Moscovici, and primarily uses the perspective of Dimensional Approach, in addition to Denise Jodelet's Dynamic Approach. Its purpose is to characterize social representations of work, quality of life and analyze possible associations between these phenomena. It presentes concurrent mixed approach, with a predominance of qualitative aspects, exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional design, with comprehensive data collection. Thirty individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted, with monothematic, open questions about work and quality of life; objective questions about behaviors and attitudes related to the studied phenomena; subjective perception of quality of life (WHOQOL-Bref), and socio-demographic and labor data to outline the profile of the participants. The interviews were analyzed with the aid of a textual analysis software and objective data with descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed heterogeneous Social Representations of work. The meaning of work was related to pleasure, balance, harmony and growth opportunity, but also subsistence, obligation, responsibility and duty. Social Representations on Quality of Life (QoL) content was also polysemic. QoL was related especially for desire of balance (family x labor, health x money, physical x emotional), drawing attention to the importance of social relationships (family, friends, co-workers) for acquiring more QoL.Statistical analyzes identified little variations among age ranges; however, the greater the age, the lower the QoL score in the WHOQOL-Bref. On average the participants achieved good scores in the perception of QoL. Lower scores for work environment showed dissatisfaction with ergonomic aspects of work. It is expected that this study contributes to new perspectives on labor and quality of life and foster indications and guidelines for internal actions and strengthen institutional policies.
50

O impacto do tratamento periodontal na qualidade de vida de pacientes portadores de síndrome metabólica : uma análise parcial de um ensaio clínico randomizado

Milanesi, Fernanda Carpes January 2015 (has links)
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento periodontal na qualidade de vida de pacientes portadores de Síndrome Metabólica (SM), em uma amostra de 48 pacientes. Os pacientes apresentavam diagnóstico de Periodontite e SM e foram randomizados para dois grupos de tratamento: um grupo ao qual era oferecido tratamento periodontal imediato e outro grupo de tratamento tardio, que receberia o tratamento periodontal após seis meses da sua inclusão no estudo. Para aferir qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal e qualidade de vida geral, foram usados os instrumentos OHIP-14 e WHOQoL-bref, respectivamente. Exames periodontais completos avaliaram Índice de placa visível, Índice de sangramento gengival, Fatores retentivos de placa, Profundidade de sondagem, Sangramento à sondagem e Nível de inserção clínica, em seis sítios por dente. Além disso, exames antropométricos, exames sorológicos e entrevistas com os questionários de qualidade de vida foram realizados no momento inicial e após seis meses do início do estudo. Os dois grupos se mostraram semelhantes no momento inicial. Após seis meses, foram observadas reduções significativas no grupo de tratamento imediato para todos os parâmetros periodontais clínicos. A análise do WHOQoL-bref por domínios mostrou pequenas alterações não significativas em ambos os grupos. Na avaliação dos escores totais de OHIP-14 foi observada, após 6 meses, uma redução de 18,6 para 15 (Δ=3,6) no grupo tardio e de 15 para 5,7 (Δ=9,3) no grupo imediato, com diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos (p=0,003). Essas diferenças resultaram em um tamanho de efeito de 0,27 (pequeno) para o grupo tardio e 0,78 (moderado) para o grupo imediato. Na análise por domínios, foram encontradas diferenças significativas para o grupo imediato nos domínios limitação funcional (p=0,006), desconforto psicológico (p=0,001), incapacidade física (p=0,009) e incapacidade psicológica (p=0,007), comparado ao grupo tardio. Em pacientes portadores da SM, as mudanças na percepção da qualidade de vida aferidas pelo OHIP-14 foram significativas para o grupo de pacientes que recebeu tratamento periodontal imediato, em comparação ao grupo que recebeu o tratamento tardio. / The aim of this study was to assess the effect of periodontal treatment in quality of life of patients with Metabolic Syndrome, in a sample of 48 patients. The patients showed diagnosis of Periodontitis and Metabolic Syndrome and were randomized for two treatment groups: 1) immediate periodontal treatment 2) later treatment, six months after study inclusion. The instruments OHIP-14 and WHOQoL-bref were used to assess oral health related quality of life and general quality of life, respectively. Complete periodontal exams evaluated plaque visible index, gingival bleeding index, plaque retentive factors, probing depth, bleeding on probing and clinical attachment level, on six sites per tooth. Furthermore, antropometrics, blood exams and interview with quality of life measures instruments were performed in baseline and six months after the beginning of the study. Both groups were similar in baseline. After six months, significant reductions on immediate treatment group for all clinical periodontal parameters were observed. The WHOQoL-bref analysis by domains showed no significant small changes, for both groups. After six months, a decrease of 18,6 to 15 (Δ=3,6) for the later treatment group and 15 to 5,7 (Δ=9,3) for the immediate treatment group was observed in the evaluation of OHIP-14 for total scores, with statistical significant differences between the groups (p=0,003). These differences resulted in an effect size of 0,27 (small) for the later treatment group and 0,78 (moderate) for the immediate treatment group. In domains analysis, significant differences for the immediate treatment group on functional limitation (p=0,006), psychological discomfort (p=0,001), physical incapacity (p=0,009) and psychological incapacity (p=0,007) domains, were found compared to later treatment group. In patients with Metabolic Syndrome, changes on quality of life perception measured by OHIP-14 were significant for immediate treatment group, compared to the later treatment group.

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