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Aldrig förr har det varit lika viktigt som nu, 2024, att fokusera på hållbarhet och att förvalta jordens resurser på ett bättre sätt. Nuförtiden cirkulerar det stora mängder material och produkter i byggsektorn, men det saknas ännu en hållbar och långsiktig strategi för ett mer cirkulärt byggande. Byggsektorn står årligen för 22 % av alla växthusgaser som släpps ut i Sverige. För att Sverige ska nå sina klimatmål är det nödvändigt att minska utsläppen. För att bidra till detta och främja ett mer cirkulärt samhälle krävs det att byggbranschen gör konkreta förändringar. En av dessa förändringar är att börja använda återbrukat material. Detta arbete har genomförts i samarbete med ByggDialog och det undersöker hur hanteringen av spillmaterial kan förbättras i byggbranschen samt vad effekterna av en förbättrad hanteringsprocess blir. Därtill ämnar även arbetet att besvara på hur beställaren, i detta fall, Karlstads kommun, ser på arbetet kring återbruk av spillmaterial. Målet med arbetet är ta fram en metod för att kunna hantera spillmaterial på ett sådant sätt att det går att återbruka. Vidare är målet, att ByggDialog genom metoden ska kunna redovisa i sin projektredovisning hur mycket koldioxidekvivalenter som har sparats. Arbetet är baserat på kvalitativa intervjuer med projektledare, projektingenjörer, energiexperter och andra personer som enbart arbetar med byggåterbruk. Därtill har enklare beräkningar genomförts med syftet att redovisa resultatet på ett tydligt sätt. Ett förslag på en lösning för att öka återbruket av spillmaterial är att implementera en återbrukscontainer på byggarbetsplatserna. Effekterna av att implementera en återbrukscontainer är väldigt positiva, bland annat underlättar det hanteringsprocessen. Resultatet från beräkningar visar på att en återbrukscontainer kan bidra till att minska utsläppen av CO2-ekvivalenter och idén kan således göra stor påverkan om den implementeras storskaligt utav ByggDialog. Det finns både fördelar och nackdelar med en återbrukscontainer men ställs dessa mot varandra är det tydligt att fördelarna väger över. Dock finns det frågor som vidare behöver utredas för att få ut maximal effekt utav idén men slutsatsen är tydlig. En återbrukscontainer är en bra lösning för att öka återbruket av spillmaterial och idén medför flera positiva effekter, främst ur miljösynpunkt. Att implementera idén är högst aktuell idag och anses vara helt i linje med att främja ett cirkulärt samhälle. / Never before has sustainability and the prudent management of earth’s resources been as crucial as it is now, in 2024. The construction industry circulates large quantities of materials and products, yet a sustainable and long-term strategy for more circular construction practices is lacking. The construction sector is responsible for 22% of Sweden's annual greenhouse gas emissions. To achieve Sweden’s climate goals, it is imperative to reduce emissions. Contributing to this reduction and promoting a more circular society requires concrete changes in the construction industry, one of which is the increased use of recycled materials. This study, conducted in collaboration with ByggDialog, explores how the management of waste material in the construction industry can be improved, as well as the effects of an improved management process. Furthermore, the study seeks to understand how the client, in this case Karlstad Municipality, views the reuse of waste materials. The aim is to develop a method to handle waste materials in a way that facilitates their reuse. Additionally, ByggDialog aims to utilize this method to report on the carbon dioxide equivalents offset in their project reports. The study is based on qualitative interviews with project managers, project engineers, energy experts, and others solely involved in construction reuse. Simple calculations were also performed to clearly present the results. A proposed solution to increase the reuse of waste material is to implement a reuse container at construction sites. The effects of implementing such a container are very positive, simplifying the handling process. The results from the calculations indicate that a reuse container can contribute to reducing emissions of CO2-equivalents, and thus the idea could have a significant impact if implemented on a large scale by ByggDialog. While there are pros and cons to a reuse container, when compared, the benefits clearly outweigh the drawbacks. However, further investigation is needed to maximize the effectiveness of the idea. The conclusion is clear: a reuse container is an excellent solution for increasing the reuse of waste materials, and the concept has several positive effects, primarily from an environmental standpoint. Implementing this idea is highly relevant today and is considered completely in line with promoting a circular society.

The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the multi-layer polymer flooring systems green products, where main focus is placed on recycled material fillers. The practical part is devoted to reference materials practical testing and also to testing of materials filled by secondary materials silicates with the conclusive tests support. The economic part should point out the advantages of the secondary raw materials use in terms of the final product lower price.

This qualitative diploma thesis deals with a specific view of art from the perspective of social science disciplines and in connection with the environmental problems of today. The theoretical part of the work is devoted to selected social and cultural concepts of the contemporary world, especially consumer society, waste and art, which puts in the context of the climate crisis. It describes the attributes of consumer society, the consequences of overproduction and consumption in the form of waste, which I further look through with the artistic eye. It addresses the social functions of art, its anchoring in social consciousness and the relationship with science. The empirical part of the work offers a view of the artistic environment, especially young artists on the climate crisis in both personal life and creation. It describes their motivations and limits leading to the sustainable implementation of the concept or activist approach to the audience in order to contribute to a better society. The work thus deals with the important role of artistic creation in our society. Keywords mass production, consumer society, climate change, recycling, waste material, art, activism

Around the world there is a great number of reinforced concrete structures, who´s life cycle, for which they were designed, is significantly shortened due to action of various aggressive environments, or due to defects created during the construction process. (i.e. insufficient steel reinforcement cover depth). One of the most common causes of problems in reinforced concrete structures is corrosion of steel reinforcement. It is necessary to repair structures degraded in this fashion and return them to their original state. We made a unique polymercement concrete repair system was developed with value added. Corrosion inhibitors, including the newly developed, are implemented into its polymercement matrix, which significantly limit the corrosive processes in all new materials. The principle of proposed solution is application of repair system on a corrosion damaged structure, and then the active substances in the repair material will penetrate into substrate concrete and protect corroded steel reinforcement. Another value added is the application of recycled raw materials into the proposed materials, which has indisputable environmental effect and simultaneously allows for improvement of some properties of the repair materials. Further was developed a new method for detecting corrosion inhibitors in concrete.

Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre a utilização do agregado reciclado de resíduos sólidos da construção civil e demolição, na execução do concreto compactado com rolo (CCR) como base de pavimento asfáltico ou de concreto, comparando suas características mecânicas com o CCR executado com agregado natural britado. O uso de resíduo da construção civil na Europa é muito comum devido a questões ambientais. No Brasil, somente a partir de 2002, o Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente estabeleceu as diretrizes, critérios e procedimentos para a gestão dos resíduos da construção civil através da Resolução CONAMA nº 307. O agregado reciclado estudado na pesquisa está em conformidade com a primeira norma brasileira vigente NBR 15116 - Agregados reciclados de resíduos sólidos da construção civil - Utilização em pavimentação e preparo de concreto sem função estrutural - Requisitos. Foram utilizados agregados reciclados coletados de uma usina de reciclagem sendo posteriormente amostrados e caracterizados de acordo com suas massas específicas para verificar a sua influência no comportamento mecânico dos concretos. Os agregados minerais convencionais são procedentes da britagem de granito. O cimento utilizado foi do tipo CP III 40 RS. Após a mistura e cura dos corpos-de-prova foram realizados ensaios de índices físicos e de caracterização mecânica, comparando-se os resultados com o CCR convencional de forma a analisar o potencial de utilização e a viabilidade técnica destes materiais. A oportunidade de mais uma alternativa de uso dos agregados reciclados de resíduos de demolição e construção (RCD) e uma alternativa de pavimento de baixo custo utilizando técnicas de dosagens consagradas para o concreto compactado com rolo (CCR) é que motivou a realização deste trabalho. / This thesis work seeks the study of rolled compacted concrete (RCC) mixtures employing recycled waste aggregate from civil construction and demolitions as alternative for asphalt or concrete pavement bases, comparing some mechanical and physical characteristics to traditional virgin stone aggregate RCC. It is usual the use of recycled waste aggregate in Europe due to environmental regulations. In Brazil, since 2002 the Environmental Federal Council fixed the rules and procedures for management of civil construction waste material (CONAMA resolution n. 307). For the research the recycled waste aggregate was in full conformity to the Brazilian standard NBR 15116. The recycled waste material was collected from a recycling plant and its physical properties then defined in order to verify its implications on RCC mechanical responses. The comparative RCC was manufactured from granite crushed stone. Portland Cement type CPIII 40 RS was employed for all mixtures. Suitability and mechanical potential for RCC mixtures were evaluated through conventional physical and mechanical tests. The main motivation for the study was to find out an alternative for using recycled waste material from civil construction and demolition as well the seek for low cost concrete alternatives using the widespread RCC technology for paving.

Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo sobre a utilização do agregado reciclado de resíduos sólidos da construção civil e demolição, na execução do concreto compactado com rolo (CCR) como base de pavimento asfáltico ou de concreto, comparando suas características mecânicas com o CCR executado com agregado natural britado. O uso de resíduo da construção civil na Europa é muito comum devido a questões ambientais. No Brasil, somente a partir de 2002, o Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente estabeleceu as diretrizes, critérios e procedimentos para a gestão dos resíduos da construção civil através da Resolução CONAMA nº 307. O agregado reciclado estudado na pesquisa está em conformidade com a primeira norma brasileira vigente NBR 15116 - Agregados reciclados de resíduos sólidos da construção civil - Utilização em pavimentação e preparo de concreto sem função estrutural - Requisitos. Foram utilizados agregados reciclados coletados de uma usina de reciclagem sendo posteriormente amostrados e caracterizados de acordo com suas massas específicas para verificar a sua influência no comportamento mecânico dos concretos. Os agregados minerais convencionais são procedentes da britagem de granito. O cimento utilizado foi do tipo CP III 40 RS. Após a mistura e cura dos corpos-de-prova foram realizados ensaios de índices físicos e de caracterização mecânica, comparando-se os resultados com o CCR convencional de forma a analisar o potencial de utilização e a viabilidade técnica destes materiais. A oportunidade de mais uma alternativa de uso dos agregados reciclados de resíduos de demolição e construção (RCD) e uma alternativa de pavimento de baixo custo utilizando técnicas de dosagens consagradas para o concreto compactado com rolo (CCR) é que motivou a realização deste trabalho. / This thesis work seeks the study of rolled compacted concrete (RCC) mixtures employing recycled waste aggregate from civil construction and demolitions as alternative for asphalt or concrete pavement bases, comparing some mechanical and physical characteristics to traditional virgin stone aggregate RCC. It is usual the use of recycled waste aggregate in Europe due to environmental regulations. In Brazil, since 2002 the Environmental Federal Council fixed the rules and procedures for management of civil construction waste material (CONAMA resolution n. 307). For the research the recycled waste aggregate was in full conformity to the Brazilian standard NBR 15116. The recycled waste material was collected from a recycling plant and its physical properties then defined in order to verify its implications on RCC mechanical responses. The comparative RCC was manufactured from granite crushed stone. Portland Cement type CPIII 40 RS was employed for all mixtures. Suitability and mechanical potential for RCC mixtures were evaluated through conventional physical and mechanical tests. The main motivation for the study was to find out an alternative for using recycled waste material from civil construction and demolition as well the seek for low cost concrete alternatives using the widespread RCC technology for paving.