Mittels optischer Emissionsspektroskopie (OES) kann die plasmainduzierte Emission und damit die Anregung der Gasteilchen im Plasma untersucht werden. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieser Untersuchungsmethode ist die Tatsache, dass das Plasma bei der Messung nicht beeinflusst wird. Dagegen ist die räumliche Auflösung der emittierten Intensität sehr schwierig. So geht die Tiefeninformation bei der Messung verloren, was einen wesentlichen Nachteil der OES darstellt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde deshalb die Zylindersymmetrie der untersuchten Magnetronentladung ausgenutzt und mittels Abel-Inversion räumlich aufgelöste Informationen zur Anregung des Plasmas zugänglich gemacht. Es werden die experimentellen Aufbauten sowie die verwendeten Algorithmen zur Auswertung beschrieben und charakterisiert. Als Modellsystem diente die Abscheidung von Titanoxid mittels reaktiver Magnetronzerstäubung. Die untersuchte Magnetronentladung wurde hinsichtlich der örtlich emittierten Intensität verschiedener Spektrallinien des Prozessgases Argon sowohl im Gleichspannungsbetrieb als auch im gepulsten Betrieb charakterisiert. / The excitation of gas particles in a plasma can be examined by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). During the measurement the plasma is not influenced, which is a significant advantage of this technique. On the other hand the spatial resolution is quite poor. Especially the depth resolution gets lost when measuring the integrated intensity along the line of sight. That's why in the present work the rotational symmetry of the examined magnetron discharge was used to calculate spatial resolved information about the gas particles' excitation by using Abel inversion. The experimental settings and the algorithms for analysis are described and characterized. Spatially resolved emission of the process gas argon during the deposition of titanium oxide by reactive magnetron sputtering was studied in dc as well as in pulsed dc mode.

Texte remanié de: Dissertation--Leipzig--Universität, 2003. / Bibliogr. p. 229-245.

The marine boundary layer (MBL) is the region where energy, momentum and masses are exchanged between the ocean surface and the free troposphere. The lack of observations with high vertical resolution over the ocean significantly restricts the understanding of the complex physical processes that occur inside the MBL. The relatively short vertical extent of the MBL (average about 1~2 km) and the frequent cloudiness at its top make probing the MBL extremely difficult from the space. Several features of the Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) technique suggest that it has a great potential for sensing the MBL. These features include global coverage, high vertical resolution, and the ability of GPS signals to penetrate clouds.Over moist marine areas, a large negative moisture gradient often exists across the thermal inversion capping the MBL, which can cause super-refraction (SR) or ducting. A large number of high-resolution soundings have shown that SR occurs about 90% of the time in a year over the subtropical and tropical oceans and even 50% at high-latitudes during the summer. In the presence of SR, the reconstruction of refractivity from RO data becomes an ill-posed inverse problem, i.e., a given RO bending angle profile is consistent with a continuum (an infinite number) of refractivity profiles. The standard Abel retrieval gives the minimum refractivity solution of the continuum and thus produces the largest negative bias, consistent with a negative bias that is often present in the retrieved refractivity profiles in the moist lower troposphere. Simulation studies indicate a large variation of the negative refractivity biases (could be over -15%). The impact of diffraction effects and the open-loop receiver tracking on the bending angle and refractivity retrievals are assessed. A novel approach is developed and tested to reconstruct the vertical refractivity structure within and below the SR layer, which yields a much-improved retrieval, especially below the SR layer (less than 0.5% error). Such a reconstruction method should greatly enhance our ability to measure the MBL globally using the GPS RO technique as well as to improve the MBL parameterizations used in weather and climate models.

El presente trabajo titulado Configuraciones de lo colonial chileno: La narrativa de Justo Abel Rosales, emerge a partir de diversas inquietudes relacionadas con la construcción simbólica de nuestra identidad nacional. Existen, a mi modo de ver, una serie de peguntas aún no resueltas consistentemente respecto de cómo y a través de qué estrategias, soportes y contenidos se han ido fijando estas narrativas de lo nacional. Ad portas de las celebraciones del Bicentenario me parece pertinente insistir en esta problemática enfatizando más que en los relatos que hegemonizaron esta construcción, en los que fueron marginados de ella, es decir, en las propuestas de construcción del imaginario nacional que no pervivieron, por lo menos, en los discursos oficiales y académicos. El autor al que me dedicaré a lo largo de esta Tesis, y su obra, forman parte de las propuestas intelectuales que, a finales del siglo XIX, es decir, en el contexto del Centenario Nacional, no se erigieron hegemónicamente, es más, no sólo no formaron parte de la ideología dominante, sino que fueron sepultadas y cayeron en el olvido. En este sentido mi trabajo tiene como primer objetivo dar a conocer la propuesta de Justo Abel Rosales, aunque su mirada no se haya constituido en versión oficial de nuestra historia cultural. Los textos que estudiaré, tres crónicas de la ciudad de Santiago y dos novelas históricas, dan cuenta de una producción narrativa que, en general, se resiste a ser clasificada según las categorías y conceptos tradicionales de la literatura y la historiografía. Esta desadecuación se relaciona en primer lugar con la necesidad de entenderlas como producciones híbridas que contienen características de diversas disciplinas. En este sentido, pretendo construir una mirada que no las reduzca a lo que se sabe o se ha fijado como lo que se supone que fueron este tipo de producciones en la época señalada. Mi mirada pretende construir una lectura desde las obras mismas y no forzar interpretaciones a partir de conceptos, géneros o categorías previamente consideradas que en realidad no dan cuenta del fenómeno textual analizado.

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo, em perspectiva comparada, analisar o encontro de duas artes: a literatura e a pintura, observado na obra O Barão de Lavos (1891), de Abel Botelho. O romance naturalista, com traços decadentistas, do escritor Abel Botelho que abre a série intiulada Patologia Social (1891) nos mostra, como diz José Carlos Seabra Pereira, um tempo em se convegiam o romantismo,o realismo e pretensões de modernidade baudealiriana (mais ou menos satanistas) (PEREIRA, 1995) e onde as diversas categorias das artes se encontram e se conjugam. Nesse cenário caótico, mas profícuo, temos este romance que estabelece a arte plástica como ponto focal dentro do texto. Analisa, sobretudo, o processo da escrita onde foi possível constatar a deformação do belo em grotesco ao longo do romance. Investiga a questão imagética encontrada no texto botelhiano, caracterizada através da gravura Rapto de Ganimedes; litografia de grande simbologia dentro dessa obra literária, pois representa o ideal estético idealizado pelo próprio Barão, e tudo de significativo que compõe a trajetória e as emoções de D. Sebastião ao longo de sua vida, portanto permeando e atravessando toda narrativa / The objective of the research presented is analysing in a compared perspective basis the combination of two types of art: literature and painting, observed in the book "The Baron of Lavos" (1891) by Abel Botelho. The naturalist romance, with decadent traces, of the writer Abel Botelho launches the series entitled Social Patology (1891) showing, as said by José Carlos Pereira (Pereira, 1995), "a time when the romantism, realism and baudealirian modern purpose (a bit satanic) would converge". The various range of art categories are joined as well. In the caotic but fruitful scenary a romance in which plastic art is the focus of the text is set. It is mainly analysed, as the romance unfolds, the writing process where it was possible to observe the deformation of beautiful in to grotesque. The image issue caractherized by the litograph Kdinapping of Ganimedes is investigated. The cited litograph plays an important role in this literary work as it represents not only the esthetic ideal idealized by the Baron himself but also the very meaning of the trajectory and emotions of D. Sebastian during his life

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo, em perspectiva comparada, analisar o encontro de duas artes: a literatura e a pintura, observado na obra O Barão de Lavos (1891), de Abel Botelho. O romance naturalista, com traços decadentistas, do escritor Abel Botelho que abre a série intiulada Patologia Social (1891) nos mostra, como diz José Carlos Seabra Pereira, um tempo em se convegiam o romantismo,o realismo e pretensões de modernidade baudealiriana (mais ou menos satanistas) (PEREIRA, 1995) e onde as diversas categorias das artes se encontram e se conjugam. Nesse cenário caótico, mas profícuo, temos este romance que estabelece a arte plástica como ponto focal dentro do texto. Analisa, sobretudo, o processo da escrita onde foi possível constatar a deformação do belo em grotesco ao longo do romance. Investiga a questão imagética encontrada no texto botelhiano, caracterizada através da gravura Rapto de Ganimedes; litografia de grande simbologia dentro dessa obra literária, pois representa o ideal estético idealizado pelo próprio Barão, e tudo de significativo que compõe a trajetória e as emoções de D. Sebastião ao longo de sua vida, portanto permeando e atravessando toda narrativa / The objective of the research presented is analysing in a compared perspective basis the combination of two types of art: literature and painting, observed in the book "The Baron of Lavos" (1891) by Abel Botelho. The naturalist romance, with decadent traces, of the writer Abel Botelho launches the series entitled Social Patology (1891) showing, as said by José Carlos Pereira (Pereira, 1995), "a time when the romantism, realism and baudealirian modern purpose (a bit satanic) would converge". The various range of art categories are joined as well. In the caotic but fruitful scenary a romance in which plastic art is the focus of the text is set. It is mainly analysed, as the romance unfolds, the writing process where it was possible to observe the deformation of beautiful in to grotesque. The image issue caractherized by the litograph Kdinapping of Ganimedes is investigated. The cited litograph plays an important role in this literary work as it represents not only the esthetic ideal idealized by the Baron himself but also the very meaning of the trajectory and emotions of D. Sebastian during his life

The purpose of this dissertation was to analyze the narrative works of Alejo Carpentier and Abel Posse within the context of the new Latin American historical novel that revises the Old World-New World Encounter. Focusing on El arpa y la sombra and Los perros del paraíso, the dissertation studied the particular manner in which Latin American novelists, and particularly Alejo Carpentier and Abel Posse, approach and question traditional historiography. The research also compared different novels to identify various trends within the new historical novel that rewrites the foundational period of Latin American literature. This study considered the theories of the new historical novel as proposed by critics such as Seymour Menton, Fernando de Aínsa, Linda Hutcheon, and Brian MacHale. The new novel was examined within the frameworks of postmodern literary and historiographic theories. The study also contemplated the philosophical views that have influenced postmodern thought, and, especially, the ideas of Nietzsche, Heidegger, Lyotard, Harbermas, and Foucault. Research showed two major trends within the new Latin American historical novel. In the case of the first trend, initiated by Alejo Carpentier in 1949 with El reino de este mundo, the novelist’s approach is founded on historicism and factual rigor. The second trend, initiated by Reinaldo Arenas with El mundo alucinante in 1969, is marked by irreverence, parody, irony, and carnavalization. Characterized by intertextuality, dialogism, and anachronism, novels such as Carpentier´s El arpa y la sombra and Posse´s Los perros del paraíso, undermine the values and beliefs instituted by the traditional historiographic paradigm and the discourse of power.

This Master’s thesis is dealt in the local area network security, cryptographic algorithms, particular attacks on computer networks a practical application these attacks in local area networks. To application particular attacks is used the Cain & Abel program. The detailed manual for this program is created from the results of these attacks. This manual contains the exhibits of usage particular program tools and the attack application exhibits. This manual considers consequences of particular attacks and summarises achieved results during work with tools too. Master thesis closely deals with one of the program tools called RSA SecureID Token Calculator. Authentication via hardware tokens is contained in this Master thesis. Thesis contains the way of authentication using RSA SecureID Token Calculator without physical owning of the hardware token. Cain & Abel program shows and interprets why cashed passwords in operation system are dangerous and it shows methods how attacker can reveal this passwords from the operation system memory. This Master thesis is focused on sniffing credentials and passwords in local area networks and it is focused on cryptographic algorithms cracking for username and passwords revealing.

Given that the Affinity 2.0 is a largely untested instrument that purports to measure sexual attraction, it was unknown whether or not the instrument is temporally stable and would provide a characteristic response curve for normal heterosexual male sexual interest. This study examined the Affinity 2.0, a newly standardized viewing time (VT) instrument that purports to measure sexual interest. More specifically, the Affinity 2.0 was examined in regard to its temporal stability and ability to generate a characteristic curve for non-pedophilic, exclusively heterosexual male interests. This examination was carried out by administering the Affinity 2.0 twice on a sample of 88 self-reportedly non-pedophilic, exclusively heterosexual men. The results of this study find the Affinity 2.0 to be mildly to moderately temporally stable and capable of rendering a characteristic sexual interest curve. Subjects created a typical profile that showed longest viewing time to images of adult and juvenile females with low viewing times to all other categories of attractors. Implications for norm-referenced decision making are discussed.

The Affinity 2.0 has been recently upgraded to the Affinity 2.5. Both instruments purport to measure sexual interest using viewing time as a form of measurement using non-pornographic images of people of varying ages and genders. The Affinity 2.5 increased the number of slides by 42.9%. This increase may have impacted the expected Chi square weights established for the Affinity 2.0 for non-pedophilic, exclusively heterosexual males. The purpose of this study was to create new expected Chi square weights for the Affinity 2.5 for non-pedophilic, exclusively heterosexual males. Additionally, this study re-examined the temporal stability of the Affinity 2.0 using a Chi-square procedure instead of traditional correlational procedures. The Affinity 2.5 was administered to 50 self-reported non-pedophilic, exclusively heterosexual males. The results of this study indicated that the expected Chi-square weights created for the Affinity 2.5 were extremely similar to the weights created for the Affinity 2.0. The re-examination of the temporal stability of the Affinity 2.0 using Chi-square procedures demonstrated that 76.6% of subjects were consistent in their responses from time-1 to time-2.