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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Avaliação do registro alimentar de tres dias, desenvolvimento pondero-estatural e perfil metabolico de adolescentes com diabetes melitus tipo 1 com e sem microalbuminuria / Evaluation of the food intake a 3 day food report, weight stature development and metabolic profile the adolescents with type 1 mellitus diabetes with and without microalbuminuria

Souza Netto, Maria Caroline Azevedo 28 February 2005 (has links)
Orientador: Vera Maria Santoro Belangero / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T19:37:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SouzaNetto_MariaCarolineAzevedo_M.pdf: 2303787 bytes, checksum: cceb6beee7102212f29f9d5381ff0fa7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Foram avaliados 30 adolescentes com diabetes melitus tipo 1, sendo 14 com microalbuminúria e 16 sem microalbuminúria, acompanhados no Ambulatório de Diabetes da FCM - UNICAMP, com o objetivo de estudar as possíveis diferenças destes grupos quanto à ingestão referida dos principais nutrientes, à distribuição do índice de massa corporal, ao perfil lipídico, à hemoglobina glicosilada, ao clearance de Cr EDTA, à dose de insulina, ao desenvolvimento pôndero-estatural e ao tempo de doença. Materiais e Métodos - Para a avaliação da ingestão alimentar foi utilizado o registro alimentar de 3 dias, sendo avaliados a calorias total / kg e os macronutrientes (carboidrato, proteína e lipídio). A avaliação da adequação do peso foi realizada através do cálculo do índice de massa corporal. A microalbuminúria foi medida por radioimuno-ensaio, em amostra de urina noturna. Os dados laboratoriais seguiram a rotina do laboratório de Patologia Clínica do HC da UNICAMP. Resultados - Foi demonstrado que os únicos dados que foram significativamente diferentes entre os grupo foi o maior tempo de doença e a prevalência do sexo feminino no grupo com microalbuminúria. Ambos os grupos apresentaram valores elevados de hemoglobina glicosilada, e dislipidemia. A distribuição do percentil de adequação do IMC mostrou maior risco de sobrepeso no grupo com microalbuminúria. A dose média de insulina foi elevada (0.98 u/kg), sem diferenças entre os grupos. A análise do sesenvolvimento pôndero-estatural após a instalação do diabetes mostrou que 83% dos pacientes não atingiram o percentil 50 de estatura e, houve um aumento significativo do percentil do peso em ambos os grupos. Conclusões - O grupo de pacientes estudado apresenta como um todo, mau controle metabólico do diabetes, de tal forma que o dado discriminatório mais significativo foi o tempo de doença maior nos pacientes com microalbuminúria. O registro alimentar mostrou elevados índices de sub-relato, tendo como padrão o valor do gasto energético total. A pequena confiabilidade do registro alimentar neste grupo de pacientes é relevante em dois aspectos: dificulta a abordagem e o impacto que as orientações nutricionais poderiam trazer ao paciente / Abstract: Thirty adolescents carrying type 1 mellitus diabetes were evaluated, fourteen of them with microalbuminuria and sixteen without, followed at Unicamp MCF Diabetes Ambulatory with the aim to study the possible differences between these groups regarding the referred ingestion of main nutrients, body mass distribution, lipid profile, glycacated hemoglobin, Cr EDTA clearance, insulin dose, weight-stature development and length of disease. Materials and Methods - for the evaluation of the food intake a 3-day food report was used, evaluating the total calories/kg as well as the macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids). The evaluation of the weight adequacy was established from the BMI calculation. The microalbuminuria was measured through radioimmune-essay, in night sample urine. The laboratory data followed Unicamp CH Clinical Pathology laboratory routine. Results - it was shown that the only data significantly different between the two groups was the longer time of disease and the prevalence of the female gender in the group containing microalbuminuria. Both groups presented high levels of glycacated hemoglobin and dislipidemy. The distribution of BMI adequacy percentile presented a higher risk of overweight in the group with microalbuminuria. The average dose of insulin was high (0.98 u/kg), presenting no differences between the groups. The analysis of the weight-stature development after the diabetes installation showed that 83% of the patients did not reach the 50 percentile of stature and there was a significant increase of weight percentile in both groups. Conclusions - the group of patients studied presents, as a whole, a bad metabolic control of the diabetes, in such way that the most significant discriminative data was the longer time of the disease in the patients with microalbuminuria. The food report showed high levels of under report, having as a pattern the total energetic expense. The little reliability in the food register in this group of patients is relevant in two aspects: it renders it difficult the approach and the impact that the nutritional orientations could bring to the patient / Mestrado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Mestre em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
2

Evaluating the Effects of Nutritional Intake During Adolescence on Educational Attainment and Labor Market Earnings as an Adult

Connell, Mikaela 01 January 2018 (has links)
In this thesis, I analyze whether nutritional intake at the time of adolescence can impact academic attainment and earnings later on in life. Millions of children in the United States are living in food insecure households and do not have access to an adequate nutritious diet. Since adolescence is a time period of intense growth and development, it is essential to meet nutritional needs at this time. Using data from the Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), I measure the nutrition of a nationally representative sample of youth in the United States through their daily food intake, and test the effects nutrition during adolescence has on future outcomes. I find a positive relationship between healthy eating and educational achievement, as well as a negative relationship between unhealthy eating and educational attainment. Nutrition has a smaller effect on earnings, but the results show that there is a minor negative relationship between healthy eating and earnings.
3

The relationship of the Diet Quality Index to prevalence of overweight in black and white adolescent girls: an examination of data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Growth and Health Study

McIntosh, Anna M. G. 31 January 2009 (has links)
The NHLBI's Growth and Health Study (NGHS) data set provided an opportunity to test differences in diet quality and its relationship to weight classification for black (n=270) and white (n=243) adolescent females. Three-day food records from adolescents enrolled in the Washington, D.C. center of the NGHS were scored according to the Diet Quality Index (DQI) developed by Ruth Patterson and others. This index stratifies food intake into three levels for scoring across eight dietary factors. A score of zero showed that the goal was met, while a score of one indicated a fair evaluation, and a score of two indicated a poor rating to create an index score ranging from zero to 16. Statistical analysis by a t-test showed whites had significantly better DQI scores than blacks in the NGHS sample (black mean = 9.4, white = 8.1). Black females had a greater prevalence of overweight than do their white counterparts. To evaluate how dietary quality relates to the development of overweight, DQI scores were compared to body mass index measurements to note the relationship of diet quality to increasing weight for body height. No relationship was found between BMI and DQI. When the independent variables of race and body weight classification were assessed for their impact upon the dependent variable of diet quality; the influence of race proved significant while weight classification did not. This evidence suggests that practitioners must assess the current dietary status of clients prior to assuming a particular dietary pattern based upon body weight for height alone. / Master of Science
4

Avaliação da ingestão e do estado nutricional em relação ao zinco de jovens na faixa escolar / Assessment of intake and nutritional status relative of zinc from schoolchildren

Michelazzo, Fernanda Beraldo 05 June 2007 (has links)
São poucas as investigações do estado nutricional de escolares, especialmente aqueles na faixa etária entre 9 e 12 anos que especifiquem o estágio de maturação sexual e que sejam norteados por parâmetros bioquímicos de avaliação de estado nutricional relativo a minerais, especialmente em relação ao zinco. ° presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional relativo ao zinco de escolares neste estágio de vida, de duas redes de ensino, pública e particular, de São João da Boa Vista/ SP, em três momentos ao longo de um ano (T1, T2 e T3), com intervalos de 4 meses. Para a avaliação antropométrica foram utilizados o IMC e a porcentagem de gordura corporal, esta última por meio da aferição de dobras cutâneas. A ingestão dietética foi analisada por programa de computador a partir de um recordatório de 24h e dois registros alimentares, e sua adequação foi avaliada pelas DRls(IOM, 2000). As concentrações de zinco plasmática, urinária e eritrocitária foram determinadas por espectrofotômetro de absorção atômica (comprimento de onda = 213,9 nm). Dos escolares avaliados, 19% estavam com o IMC&#8804;P15, sendo predominantemente do sexo feminino e da rede particular, 53% estavam com IMC=P15>P50<P85, e 28% estavam com o IMC&#8805;85, sendo predominantemente do sexo masculino e da rede pública. No T1(n=102), 12% dos escolares de ambos os sexos estavam inadequados para zinco plasmático; 32% e 37% com dieta deficiente em zinco e 81 % e 86% com deficiência de zinco eritrocitário, respectivamente para o sexo feminino e masculino. No T2 (n=92), 24% e 20% estavam inadequados para zinco plasmático, 45% e 38% com dieta deficiente em zinco, 65% e 56% com baixa excreção urinária, e 71 % e 63% com deficiência de zinco eritrocitário, respectivamente para o sexo feminino e masculino. No T3 (n=81), 39% e 4% estavam inadequados para zinco plasmático, 47% e 27% com dieta deficiente em zinco, 53% e 48% com baixa excreção urinária, e 63% e 44% com deficiência de zinco eritrocitário, respectivamente para o sexo feminino e masculino. Os resultados indicam inadequação do estado nutricional em relação ao zinco, com baixa ingestão e reservas reduzidas do mineral nos estoques teciduais, representando risco para esta população que se encontra em fase de intenso crescimento e proliferação celular. / Investigations on the nutritional status of schoolchildren are rare, especially those ones for children between 9 and 12 years old which indicate their pubertal maturation, and are directed by biochemical parameters of nutritional status in relation to minerais, mainly zinco The objective of the present study was the evaluation of the nutritional status of zinc at schoolchildren aged between 9 and 12 year old at public and private schools in São João da Boa Vista, SP (Brazil) considering three different times along one year (T1 , T2 e T3), with 4 months interval each. The anthropometric evaluation was done by body mass index (BMI) and the percentage of total body fat, this one by skinfold measurements. A software analyzed diet information based on one 24h recall and 2-d food records, and its adequacy was evaluated by DRls (10M, 2000). Zinc nutritional status was evaluated by zinc determination in plasma, erythrocyte, and 24h urine, by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Iambda = 213.9 nm). Out of the schoolchildren evaluated 19% presented BMI&#8804;P15, being the majority female attending private schools, 53% showed BMI=P15>P50<P85, and 28% with IMC&#8805;85, being the majority males attending public schools. At T1 (n=102), 12% of the children of both sexes was inadequate in terms of plasmatic zinc; 32% and 37% deficient in dietetic zinc and 81 % and 86% deficient in erythrocytic zinc, for female and males respectively. At T2 (n=92), 24% and 20% were inadequate for plasmatic zinc, 45% and 38% deficient in dietetic zinc, 65% and 56% presenting low 24h urine zinc, and 71 % and 63% deficient in erythrocytic zinc, for female and males respectively. At T3 (n=81), 39% and 4% were inadequate in plasmatic zinc, 47% and 27% deficient in dietetic zinc, 53% and 48% presenting low 24h urine zinc, and 63% and 44% deficient in erythrocytic zinc, for female and males respectively. The results indicate inadequacy of the nutritional status in relation to zinc with low intake and reduced reserves of the mineral at the tissue stocks, meaning risk for that population at an intense growth and cellular proliferation.
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Frequ?ncia alimentar e avalia??o nutricional de escolares matriculados no 4? e 5? ano da Rede Estadual de Ensino da cidade de Americana (SP) / Food frequency and school registered nutritional assesment for the 4th and 5th grade from the Public Educational System of Americana city (SP)

Bordon, Stephanie 15 December 2016 (has links)
Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-02-21T18:47:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Stephanie Bordon.pdf: 1732624 bytes, checksum: f6ad25909e204f11ce2acd9b13461a13 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-21T18:47:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Stephanie Bordon.pdf: 1732624 bytes, checksum: f6ad25909e204f11ce2acd9b13461a13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-15 / Dietary habits and nutritional status presented during adolescence are critical to the health situation and the individual well-being over the years. In this context, this research aims to achieve food and nutritional diagnostic evaluation of students, from 4 to 5 years enrolled in state schools in the city of Americana / SP. Cross-sectional study of 703 adolescents, being them 58% female and 42% male. Data collection was carried out within the school environment with the permission of those responsible for students by signing the Informed Consent and acceptance of the students themselves, which signed the Consent Agreement. Nutritional assessment was given from taking weight and height measurements. The socio-economic assessment is made from a validated questionnaire called Criteria Rating Socioeconomic Brazil. Already the assessment of consumption frequency occurred from a validated questionnaire and based on the "Ten steps to healthy eating" the Ministry of Health. Exploratory data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (meaning, standard deviation, minimum, median, maximum, frequency and percentage) and building graphics. The correlation between eating habits and the score of the class was assessed using the Spearman coefficient. The correlation between eating habits and classification of social class was assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn multiple comparison test. The Mann-Whitney test was used to assess differences in score class performed in relation to meals during the day. But the chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used when the class was studied in a categorical manner. It was observed that the most consumed food were rice and beans, with average consumption equal to 6.67 ? 1.20 and 5.81 ? 2.27, respectively. Food products consumed less were eggs (1.82 ? 2.20), pasta (1.86 ? 1.84) and vegetables (2.00 ? 2.22). Regarding the social-class, it was identified a larger number of adolescents belonging to the class C1 (40.00%), B2 (26%) and C2 (22%), which represented 88% of the total sample. There was no statistically significant association between eating habits and social class. Dinner (98.00%) and lunch (97.87%) were the most consumed meals, and regardless of social class, most teenagers have the habit of doing all meals of the day. The higher consumption of meat (4.7 ? 2.5), salad (3.5 ? 2.6) and fruit (4.5 ? 2.6) were given by the girls, when compared to the consumption of the boys who were , 4.2 ? 2.5; 2.8 ? 2.5 and 4.0 ? 2.5 respectively. The boys had a habit of eating more hamburger (2.9 ? 2.4). Almost the entire sample (97.00%) had adequate height for age and the boys presented higher overweight and obesity (41.81%) than girls (34.17%). Regarding nutritional assessment through the BMI/age, it was found that 59.17% of the sample are normal and 38.00% overweight and obese. We conclude that almost 40% of the studied population was overweight and obese, in this way, actions that encourage weight loss and healthy living habits are fundamental in this study population in order to prevent future injuries. / Os h?bitos alimentares e o estado nutricional apresentados durante a adolesc?ncia s?o decisivos para a situa??o de sa?de do indiv?duo. Neste contexto este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar o diagn?stico alimentar e avalia??o nutricional de escolares de 4? a 5? ano matriculados em escolas Estaduais de Americana/SP. Estudo transversal com 703 adolescentes pertencentes a 11 escolas da cidade, sendo 58% do sexo feminino e 42% do sexo masculino. Coleta de dados realizada dentro do ambiente escolar com a autoriza??o dos respons?veis pelos estudantes mediante assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido e com a aceita??o dos pr?prios estudantes, com a assinatura do Termo de Assentimento. Avalia??o nutricional foi feita a partir da tomada de medidas de peso e altura. A avalia??o socioecon?mica foi realizada a partir de um question?rio validado. J? a avalia??o de frequ?ncia de consumo se deu a partir de um question?rio validado e com base nos ?Dez passos para uma alimenta??o saud?vel?. Foi realizada an?lise explorat?ria dos dados atrav?s de estat?sticas descritivas (m?dia, desvio padr?o) e constru??o de gr?ficos. A correla??o entre os h?bitos alimentares e a pontua??o da classe social foi avaliada atrav?s do coeficiente de Spearman. A correla??o entre os h?bitos alimentares e classifica??o da classe social foi avaliada atrav?s do teste de Kruskal-Wallis seguido do teste de compara??es m?ltiplas de Dunn. O teste de Mann-Whitney foi usado para avaliar diferen?as na pontua??o da classe social em rela??o ?s refei??es realizadas ao longo do dia. J? o teste Qui-Quadrado ou exato de Fisher foi usado quando a classe social foi estudada em sua forma categ?rica. Observou-se que os alimentos mais consumidos num total de sete dias foram o arroz e o feij?o, com m?dias de consumo iguais a 6,67 ? 1,20 e 5,81 ? 2,27, respectivamente. J? os alimentos menos consumidos foram o ovo (1,82 ? 2,20), o macarr?o (1,86 ? 1,84) e os legumes (2,00 ? 2,22). No que diz respeito ?s classes-sociais, observou-se maior n?mero de adolescentes pertencentes ?s classes C1 (40%), B2 (26%) e C2 (22%), o que representou 88% da amostra total. O jantar (98%) e o almo?o (97,87%) foram as refei??es mais consumidas, sendo que independente da classe social, a maioria dos adolescentes apresentaram o h?bito de fazer todas as refei??es do dia. O maior consumo de carne (4,7 ? 2,5), salada (3,5 ? 2,6) e frutas (4,5 ? 2,6) foi feito pelas meninas, quando comparado ao consumo dos meninos que foi de 4,2 ? 2,5; 2,8 ? 2,5 e 4,0 ? 2,5, respectivamente. Os meninos apresentaram o h?bito de comer mais hamb?rguer (2,9 ? 2,4). Quase a totalidade da amostra (97%) apresentou estatura adequada para idade e os meninos apresentaram-se com mais sobrepeso e obesidade (41,81%) que as meninas (34,17%). No que diz respeito ? avalia??o nutricional atrav?s do IMC/ idade, verificou-se que 59,17% da amostra total encontram-se eutr?ficos e 38% com sobrepeso e obesidade. Conclui-se que aproximadamente 40% da popula??o estudada apresentou sobrepeso e obesidade, desta forma, a??es que estimulem a perda de peso e h?bitos de vida saud?veis s?o fundamentais na popula??o estudada a fim de se evitar agravos futuros.
6

Exploring rural adolescents’ dietary diversity, ultra-processed food consumption, and relevant socio-economic correlates: a cross-sectional study from Matlab, Bangladesh

Islam, Mohammad Redwanul January 2019 (has links)
Background: Bangladesh is home to 36 million adolescents with the majority living in rural areas. Adolescence presents an additional window of opportunity to correct nutritional deficits among rural Bangladeshi adolescents. A high-quality, diverse diet is pivotal in this regard. Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is an emergent threat to public health. This study aimed to explore dietary diversity (DD) and UPF consumption in terms of gender and socio-economic stratification among rural adolescents in Matlab, Bangladesh. Methods: Adopting cross-sectional design 1441 adolescents were surveyed. Dietary diversity score and ultra-processed food consumption score (UFCS) were constructed through 24-hour recalls. Means and consumption proportions were compared across gender and socio-economic strata. Binary and ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to isolate socio-demographic variables associated with inadequate DD and higher UFCS respectively. Results: 43% of the adolescents had inadequate DD. Pro-boy gap in DD was evident, so was heavy reliance on rice and scant consumption of nutrient-rich foods. UPF consumption was low. Belonging to the richest and to food secure households were associated with lower odds of inadequate DD. Girls were more likely to have inadequate DD but less likely to have higher UFCS. Gender modified the effect of socio-economic status on UPF consumption. Conclusions: The diet of adolescents in Matlab lacked diversity, putting them at significant risk of nutritional deficiencies. Improving their DD requires pragmatic policies and tailored programs to tackle affordability and food insecurity issues, address social norms and intra-household dynamics that favor boys, and sensitize the adolescents to importance of consuming diverse diet. / 15-year Follow-up of MINIMat Trial
7

ADOLESCENTES REFERENCIADOS NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA: PERFIL NUTRICIONAL E EFEITOS DE PROGRAMA DE EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE / TEENS REFERENCED IN PRIMARY CARE: NUTRITION PROFILE AND EFFECTS OF HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAM

Pereira, Aline Braido 11 July 2014 (has links)
Nutritional Health acquires great significance, especially during adolescence is a period of physical, social, economic and psychological transition. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of adolescents residing in the area covered by a family health strategy and the effects of a program of health education on anthropometric variables and physical activities. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study and intervention with 236 teens 10-19 years of age, referenced in a Family Health Strategy of the City of Santa Maria-RS. After approval of the Ethics Committee UFSM Research identification of adolescents was conducted (through home visits and active search for community health agent), a questionnaire and anthropometric assessment was done. The intervention took place over a period of six months where form held educational activities for healthcare professionals for groups of 18 adolescents. The data will be entered in Microsoft Excel ® version 2007, and the statistical analysis in Stata 10.0. Frequency distribution, mean or median was used depending on the normality of the variables and to check the differences we used the chi-square test, two proportions test, Mann-Whitney or Kruskal Wallis Test "t"-Student Recital the level of significance of 5%. The mean age of the 236 adolescents was 13.1 (± 1.9) years, and for girls 13.3 (± 2.0) years and for boys and 12.8 (± 1.8). The mean weight and BMI varied with age, but no statistically significant difference between boys and girls, with the exception of BMI at age 11 was higher in girls. Regarding the time the boys had higher scores than girls from the age of 13 (p <0.05). 53.8% were normal weight adolescents, 30.9% underweight, overweight 15.3% (11.9% overweight and 3.4% obese). The boys had a higher percentage of underweight (38.5% to 25.0% of girls) and they more overweight (18.9% to 10.5% of boys). Educational intervention activities on a theme of health education for adolescents, in twelve meetings were held for about 2 hours, every 15 days, with group dynamics that enabled each adolescent participation through the telling of their own experiences in relation health and nutrition. Participated in the intervention of 77.8% were girls, and in the post-intervention 50.0% increased height, BMI 77.8%, 61.1% decreased body weight and waist circumference and a significant increase (p = 0.001) of the adolescents who had physical activity (33.3% to 83.3%). The results of this study allow us to conclude that the growth in weight and height of adolescents suffered no negative influence of low socioeconomic status, although there is malnutrition, especially in boys and overweight girls in a special way. The educational intervention on health care with group activity was effective both in relation to anthropometric variables of adolescents, in which there was a decrease in body weight, BMI and waist circumference and increased stature, and in motivation and achievement of activity physical, evidenced by the significant increase in the number of adolescents who practice it. / A alimentação adquire grande significância, de modo especial na adolescência que é um período de transição física, social, econômica e psicológica. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o perfil nutricional dos adolescentes que residem na área de abrangência de uma estratégia de saúde da família e os efeitos de um programa de educação em saúde sobre as variáveis antropométricas e a realização de atividade física. Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo e de intervenção, com 236 adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos de idade, referenciados em uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família da cidade de Santa Maria-RS. Após aprovação no Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da UFSM foi realizada identificação dos adolescentes (através de visita domiciliar e busca ativa pelo agente comunitário de saúde), aplicado um questionário com questões qualitativas, quantitativas e realizada avaliação antropométrica. A intervenção ocorreu num período de 6 meses onde forma realizadas atividades educativas por profissionais da área da saúde, para grupos de 18 adolescentes. Os dados foram digitados no programa Microsoft Excel® versão 2007 e a análise estatística no programa Stata 10.0. Foi realizada distribuição de frequência, média ou mediana dependendo da normalidade das variáveis e para verificação das diferenças utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson, Mann-Whitney ou Kruskal Wallis, Teste t de student, considerando o nível de significância de 5%. A média de idade dos 236 adolescentes foi 13,1(±1,9) anos, sendo para as meninas 13,3(±2,0) anos e para os meninos e 12,8(±1,8). Eram eutróficos 53,8% dos adolescentes, magreza 30,9%, excesso de peso 15,3% (sobrepeso 11,9% e obesos 3,4%). Os meninos tiveram maior percentual de magreza (38,5% para 25,0% das meninas) e elas mais excesso de peso (18,9% para 10,5% dos meninos). Foram realizadas atividades de intervenção educativas sobre temática de educação em saúde para adolescentes, em doze encontros, de cerca de 2 horas, a cada 15 dias, com dinâmicas de grupo que possibilitaram a cada adolescente a participação através da narração de suas próprias experiências em relação à saúde e alimentação. Dos participaram da intervenção 77,8% eram meninas. Após a intervenção 50,0% aumentou a estatura, 77,8% o IMC, 61,1% diminuiu o peso corporal e a circunferência da cintura e houve aumento significante (p=0,001) dos adolescentes que realizaram atividade física (de 33,3% para 83,3%). Os resultados obtidos neste estudo permitem concluir que o crescimento em peso e estatura dos adolescentes não sofreu influência negativa das baixas condições socioeconômicas, embora ainda exista desnutrição, principalmente nos meninos e excesso de peso nas meninas. A intervenção educativa sobre cuidado em saúde, com atividade em grupo foi eficaz tanto em relação às variáveis antropométricas dos adolescentes, em que houve diminuição do peso corporal, do IMC e da circunferência da cintura e aumento da estatura, quanto na motivação e realização de atividade física, comprovada pelo aumento significativo no número de adolescentes que a praticam.
8

Avaliação da ingestão e do estado nutricional em relação ao zinco de jovens na faixa escolar / Assessment of intake and nutritional status relative of zinc from schoolchildren

Fernanda Beraldo Michelazzo 05 June 2007 (has links)
São poucas as investigações do estado nutricional de escolares, especialmente aqueles na faixa etária entre 9 e 12 anos que especifiquem o estágio de maturação sexual e que sejam norteados por parâmetros bioquímicos de avaliação de estado nutricional relativo a minerais, especialmente em relação ao zinco. ° presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional relativo ao zinco de escolares neste estágio de vida, de duas redes de ensino, pública e particular, de São João da Boa Vista/ SP, em três momentos ao longo de um ano (T1, T2 e T3), com intervalos de 4 meses. Para a avaliação antropométrica foram utilizados o IMC e a porcentagem de gordura corporal, esta última por meio da aferição de dobras cutâneas. A ingestão dietética foi analisada por programa de computador a partir de um recordatório de 24h e dois registros alimentares, e sua adequação foi avaliada pelas DRls(IOM, 2000). As concentrações de zinco plasmática, urinária e eritrocitária foram determinadas por espectrofotômetro de absorção atômica (comprimento de onda = 213,9 nm). Dos escolares avaliados, 19% estavam com o IMC&#8804;P15, sendo predominantemente do sexo feminino e da rede particular, 53% estavam com IMC=P15>P50<P85, e 28% estavam com o IMC&#8805;85, sendo predominantemente do sexo masculino e da rede pública. No T1(n=102), 12% dos escolares de ambos os sexos estavam inadequados para zinco plasmático; 32% e 37% com dieta deficiente em zinco e 81 % e 86% com deficiência de zinco eritrocitário, respectivamente para o sexo feminino e masculino. No T2 (n=92), 24% e 20% estavam inadequados para zinco plasmático, 45% e 38% com dieta deficiente em zinco, 65% e 56% com baixa excreção urinária, e 71 % e 63% com deficiência de zinco eritrocitário, respectivamente para o sexo feminino e masculino. No T3 (n=81), 39% e 4% estavam inadequados para zinco plasmático, 47% e 27% com dieta deficiente em zinco, 53% e 48% com baixa excreção urinária, e 63% e 44% com deficiência de zinco eritrocitário, respectivamente para o sexo feminino e masculino. Os resultados indicam inadequação do estado nutricional em relação ao zinco, com baixa ingestão e reservas reduzidas do mineral nos estoques teciduais, representando risco para esta população que se encontra em fase de intenso crescimento e proliferação celular. / Investigations on the nutritional status of schoolchildren are rare, especially those ones for children between 9 and 12 years old which indicate their pubertal maturation, and are directed by biochemical parameters of nutritional status in relation to minerais, mainly zinco The objective of the present study was the evaluation of the nutritional status of zinc at schoolchildren aged between 9 and 12 year old at public and private schools in São João da Boa Vista, SP (Brazil) considering three different times along one year (T1 , T2 e T3), with 4 months interval each. The anthropometric evaluation was done by body mass index (BMI) and the percentage of total body fat, this one by skinfold measurements. A software analyzed diet information based on one 24h recall and 2-d food records, and its adequacy was evaluated by DRls (10M, 2000). Zinc nutritional status was evaluated by zinc determination in plasma, erythrocyte, and 24h urine, by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Iambda = 213.9 nm). Out of the schoolchildren evaluated 19% presented BMI&#8804;P15, being the majority female attending private schools, 53% showed BMI=P15>P50<P85, and 28% with IMC&#8805;85, being the majority males attending public schools. At T1 (n=102), 12% of the children of both sexes was inadequate in terms of plasmatic zinc; 32% and 37% deficient in dietetic zinc and 81 % and 86% deficient in erythrocytic zinc, for female and males respectively. At T2 (n=92), 24% and 20% were inadequate for plasmatic zinc, 45% and 38% deficient in dietetic zinc, 65% and 56% presenting low 24h urine zinc, and 71 % and 63% deficient in erythrocytic zinc, for female and males respectively. At T3 (n=81), 39% and 4% were inadequate in plasmatic zinc, 47% and 27% deficient in dietetic zinc, 53% and 48% presenting low 24h urine zinc, and 63% and 44% deficient in erythrocytic zinc, for female and males respectively. The results indicate inadequacy of the nutritional status in relation to zinc with low intake and reduced reserves of the mineral at the tissue stocks, meaning risk for that population at an intense growth and cellular proliferation.
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Dieta habitual de adolescentes de uma escola estadual do município de São Paulo / The eating habits of adolescents in a state school in São Paulo

Mantoanelli, Graziela 30 June 2003 (has links)
Introdução: O padrão alimentar, com alto teor de gordura, colesterol, açúcar refinado e o baixo teor de ácido graxos poliinsaturados e fibras presente na dieta dos adolescentes, é considerado o principal responsável pelo aumento da morbidade e mortalidade em adultos, pois resulta em aumento da prevalência de obesidade e conseqüentemente de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Objetivo: Avaliar a dieta habitual qualitativa e quantitativamente de adolescentes de ambos os sexos de uma Escola Estadual do Município de São Paulo - SP. Casuística e Métodos: Foram avaliados adolescentes de ambos os gêneros entre 14 e 18 anos e 11 meses de idade, em quatro momentos diferentes durante seis meses. Utilizou-se o Recordatório 24 horas para avaliar o consumo alimentar e os dados foram processados pelo software Virtual Nutri. As análises estatísticas (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, teste T Student bicaudal para amostras repetidas, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test e McNemar) foram realizadas pelo SPSS 11.0. Resultados: O consumo de gordura total foi superior a 30% em todos os dias de análise; o consumo de fibras obteve uma tendência de melhora nos dias úteis, assim como a gordura insaturada; o alimento com consumo mais freqüente foi o arroz e o consumo dos salgados (pão de queijo, coxinha, esfiha, etc.) aumentou durante os dias da semana. O café da manhã teve um declínio de consumo durante o feriado. Conclusões: O conhecimento do da dieta habitual dos adolescentes possibilita o planejamento de políticas públicas de saúde voltadas à nutrição, orientações dietéticas específicas ao grupo e possíveis intervenções. / Introduction: High amounts of fat, cholesterol, refined sugar, and low amounts of fat acid and fibers present in the diets of adolescents is results in high rates of obesity, chronic non-communicable diseases, and death in adults. Objective: Evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the daily eating habits of adolescent males and females from a São Paulo city state school. Methods: Students between the ages of 14 years and 18 years 11 months old in four different times in a six month period were evaluated. The students logged their food intake over a 24 hour period and the data was processed by the Virtual Nutri software. The statistical analysis (Kolmogorov-Smirnow, T Student test for two repeated samples, Wilcoxon Signed Tank Test, and McNemar) was made by SPSS 11.0. Results: For every day of the test, fat accounted for more than 30% of the caloric intake. The fiber intake showed a tendency to improve on week days when compared with weekends, as did the intake of unsaturated fats. The food most frequently consumed was rice. Snacks were consumed mostly on the holiday, and during holidays the students frequently skipped breakfast. Conclusions: This study of the eating habits of adolescents can help shape the public policies of health, nutrition, and diet for specific groups and interventions.
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Dieta habitual de adolescentes de uma escola estadual do município de São Paulo / The eating habits of adolescents in a state school in São Paulo

Graziela Mantoanelli 30 June 2003 (has links)
Introdução: O padrão alimentar, com alto teor de gordura, colesterol, açúcar refinado e o baixo teor de ácido graxos poliinsaturados e fibras presente na dieta dos adolescentes, é considerado o principal responsável pelo aumento da morbidade e mortalidade em adultos, pois resulta em aumento da prevalência de obesidade e conseqüentemente de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Objetivo: Avaliar a dieta habitual qualitativa e quantitativamente de adolescentes de ambos os sexos de uma Escola Estadual do Município de São Paulo - SP. Casuística e Métodos: Foram avaliados adolescentes de ambos os gêneros entre 14 e 18 anos e 11 meses de idade, em quatro momentos diferentes durante seis meses. Utilizou-se o Recordatório 24 horas para avaliar o consumo alimentar e os dados foram processados pelo software Virtual Nutri. As análises estatísticas (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, teste T Student bicaudal para amostras repetidas, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test e McNemar) foram realizadas pelo SPSS 11.0. Resultados: O consumo de gordura total foi superior a 30% em todos os dias de análise; o consumo de fibras obteve uma tendência de melhora nos dias úteis, assim como a gordura insaturada; o alimento com consumo mais freqüente foi o arroz e o consumo dos salgados (pão de queijo, coxinha, esfiha, etc.) aumentou durante os dias da semana. O café da manhã teve um declínio de consumo durante o feriado. Conclusões: O conhecimento do da dieta habitual dos adolescentes possibilita o planejamento de políticas públicas de saúde voltadas à nutrição, orientações dietéticas específicas ao grupo e possíveis intervenções. / Introduction: High amounts of fat, cholesterol, refined sugar, and low amounts of fat acid and fibers present in the diets of adolescents is results in high rates of obesity, chronic non-communicable diseases, and death in adults. Objective: Evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the daily eating habits of adolescent males and females from a São Paulo city state school. Methods: Students between the ages of 14 years and 18 years 11 months old in four different times in a six month period were evaluated. The students logged their food intake over a 24 hour period and the data was processed by the Virtual Nutri software. The statistical analysis (Kolmogorov-Smirnow, T Student test for two repeated samples, Wilcoxon Signed Tank Test, and McNemar) was made by SPSS 11.0. Results: For every day of the test, fat accounted for more than 30% of the caloric intake. The fiber intake showed a tendency to improve on week days when compared with weekends, as did the intake of unsaturated fats. The food most frequently consumed was rice. Snacks were consumed mostly on the holiday, and during holidays the students frequently skipped breakfast. Conclusions: This study of the eating habits of adolescents can help shape the public policies of health, nutrition, and diet for specific groups and interventions.

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