Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 185-193).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed May 15, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 226-239).

The democratic deficit in the U.S. becomes strikingly evident as statistics show that only half of the population actually votes in elections. Seeing that many who do not participate in the electoral processes are also generally members of socially marginalized groups then this is an increasing social issue. The effects of this become deepening socio-economic inequalities, greater marginalization and a weakened democracy. This study argues that social workers can contribute to solve this democratic deficit by using social work to reach and include socially marginalized groups in the democratic process of electoral participation. Focusing specifically on San Francisco and the greater Bay Area, I have used qualitative method to interview representatives from non-profit organizations that provide different kind of social service and academic professors from the disciplines of Social Work and Political Science in order to investigate how social work can include marginalized non-voting groups in the electoral process. The result is analyzed together with a theoretical framework built from research on democracy, welfare research, empowerment theory and theories on community practice. The findings show that social work has an important role in creating belonging among these marginalized groups and to bring them into the political process by using social mobilizing and advocacy social work with an empowerment perspective.

Orientador: Antonio Luis Caldas Junior / Resumo: O termo “Humanização” tem sido constantemente empregado no âmbito da saúde e visa recuperar a dimensão essencial do cuidado e a relação entre humanos. Para viabilizar a implantação desse cuidado nos serviços de saúde foi criada pelo Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS - a Política Nacional de Humanização - PNH. A maneira como as atividades de um hospital são desenvolvidas, bem como a forma como os recursos humanos e materiais disponíveis são geridos e aplicados à prestação dos serviços influencia diretamente no atendimento à referida política, tornando-se extremamente relevante para a qualidade dos serviços prestados. Considerando a relevância do assunto e com anseio de avaliar se as práticas de um hospital atendem ao preconizado pela PNH foi desenvolvido o presente trabalho. Trata-se de um estudo quanti-qualitativo que aborda uma avaliação das atividades desenvolvidas pelo Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (HCFMB) sob a perspectiva dos usuários que registraram demandas na ouvidoria do HCFMB, tendo a PNH como referencial conceitual. Por meio de análise quantitativa das demandas registradas, complementada com a análise subjetiva do sentimento expressado pelos usuários através da descrição do ocorrido, foi realizado um diagnóstico situacional dessas demandas, identificando os principais motivos que caracterizam as práticas não humanizadas reportadas à ouvidoria, bem como os locais onde essas práticas ocorrem com maior frequência. A análise dos dados permitiu q... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The term "Humanization" has been used systematically in aims of health and the goal is to recover an essential dimension of care and a relationship between human beings. To enable the implementation of care with health services for the Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS - the Política Nacional de Humanização - PNH. The way a hospital's activities are developed, as well as how the available human and material resources are managed and applied to the provision of services directly influence on accomplishment to these standards, it has become very important for the quality of services provided. Considering the relevance of the subject and with the wish to evaluate if the practices of a hospital attend to recommended by the PNH, the present work was developed. This is a quantitative-qualitative study that addresses an evaluation of the activities developed by the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (HCFMB) from the perspective of users who registered demands in the ombudsman's office of HCFMB, having a PNH as a conceptual reference. Through a quantitative analysis of the recorded demands, complemented with a subjective analysis of the feeling expressed by users through of a description of the occurrence, a situational diagnosis of these demands was carried out, identifying the main reasons that characterize the non-humanized practices reported to the ombudsman's office as well as the places where these practices occur more frequently. The analysis of the data all... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Base teórica: A violência contra crianças e adolescentes é um problema que está assumindo proporções epidêmicas, manifestando-se em todas as culturas, classes, níveis de escolaridade, faixas de renda e origens étnicas. Tal fenômeno, que contradiz obrigações de respeito aos direitos humanos e às necessidades de desenvolvimento da criança, é frequentemente aprovado e autorizado pela sociedade e pelo Estado. Diante do problema apresentado, a legislação brasileira determina, ao Sistema de Saúde, diferentes obrigações, objetivando restabelecer os direitos violados de crianças e adolescentes vítimas de violência. Tais obrigações envolvem o atendimento integral da saúde da criança e do adolescente, incluindo, como obrigação, a notificação dos casos de suspeita ou confirmação de violência. Apesar das determinações legais, o atendimento às crianças e aos adolescentes vítimas de maus-tratos se encontra pouco estruturado em muitos locais do país, sendo insuficiente para a demanda que chega aos serviços de saúde. Objetivo:Avaliar o atendimento hospitalar de crianças e adolescentes em situações de violência.Método:Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 28 profissionais que atuam no atendimento de crianças e adolescentes vítimas de violência. Foram incluídas perguntas sobre a percepção de violência, o entendimento sobre proteção à criança e interdisciplinaridade, além da percepção sobre os diferentes recursos intra e extra-hospitalares de proteção.A avaliação dos dados foi realizada com o programa QSR NVivo ®, versão 11, utilizando como referência a Análise de Conteúdo. Conclusão:A partir do presente trabalho, pode-se constatar que o atendimento hospitalar de crianças e adolescentes em situação de violência, por vezes, se apresenta de modo precário. Tal precariedade surge da limitação e fragmentação que os profissionais de saúde demonstram em relação à percepção e à compreensão da violência e proteção sobre crianças e adolescentes. / Background: Violence against children is a problem that is assuming epidemic proportions, manifesting itself in all cultures, social classes, schooling levels, income brackets and ethnic origins. Such a phenomenon, which contradicts obligations to respect human rights and the child's developmental needs, is often approved and authorized by society and the State. In view of the problem presented, the Brazilian legislation determines, to the Health System, different obligations, aiming at restoring the violated rights of children and adolescents victims of violence. These obligations involve the integral care of the children's health, including, as an obligation, the notification of cases of suspected or confirmed violence. Despite the legal provisions, the care of children and adolescents victims of abuse is poorly structured in many places througout country, being insufficient for the demand that reaches the health services. Aim: To evaluate the hospital care of children in situations of violence. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 professionals who work in the care of children victims of violence. Questions about perceptions of violence, understanding about child protection and interdisciplinarity, and perceptions about the different intra- and extra-hospital protection resources were included. The data evaluation was performed with the QSR NVivo ® program, version 11, using as a reference the Content Analysis. Conclusion: Based on the present study, it can be observed that the hospital attendance of children in a situation of violence sometimes presents in a precarious way. Such precariousness arises from the limitation and fragmentation that health professionals demonstrate regarding the perception and understanding of violence and protection of children.

This thesis brings together democratic theory's calls for an understanding of the actually existing democratic state and anthropological work on innovative forms of citizen participation. Building on the work of Joao Biehl and Steven Robins, the research focuses on access to knowledge and claims of expertise as grounds upon which politicians and bureaucrats exclude citizen participation. It argues, using an ethnographic case study of South African student activist group Equal Education, that authors such as Max Weber, Michel Foucault, and James Scott are wrong to imply that citizens cannot train themselves in the technocratic manner frequently deployed by the state's representatives. It also argues, however, that the state's representatives are often not the technocrats they are hypothesised to be or that they claim to be, and their knowledge practices cannot be separated from politics. This makes the process through which citizens establish expertise and credibility with the government more complicated than simply training themselves in the government's knowledge practices. Drawing on the work of Danielle Allen and Francesca Polletta, the thesis thus also examines how questions of personal experience and identity on grounds of lived experience as well as claimed or perceived identity often interact with claims to knowledge, opening up or shutting down citizens' ability to participate. Even when citizens are able to leverage their technocratic expertise to successfully influence policy creation, they may still find it difficult to effectively participate in the implementation thereof beyond external monitoring and accountability enforcement. The thesis concludes that the current democratic theory ought not be so pessimistic about the spectre of a know-nothing citizenry, but nor ought it presume that education and expertise alone will be sufficient for democratic governments to take seriously an involved and engaged citizenry.

abstract: Professional environmental scientists are increasingly under pressure to inform and even shape policy. Scientists engage policy effectively when they act within the bounds of objectivity, credibility, and authority, yet significant portions of the scientific community condemn such acts as advocacy. They argue that it is nonobjective, that it risks damaging the credibility of science, and that it is an abuse of authority. This means objectivity, credibility, and authority deserve direct attention before the policy advocacy quagmire can be reasonably understood. I investigate the meaning of objectivity in science and that necessarily brings the roles of values in science into question. This thesis is a sociological study of the roles environmental values play in the decisions of environmental scientists working in the institution of academia. I argue that the gridlocked nature of the environmental policy advocacy debates can be traced to what seems to be a deep tension and perhaps confusion among these scientists. I provide empirical evidence of this tension and confusion through the use of in depth semi-structured interviews among a sampling of academic environmental scientists (AES). I show that there is a struggle for these AES to reconcile their support for environmentalist values and goals with their commitment to scientific objectivity and their concerns about being credible scientists in the academy. Additionally, I supplemented my data collection with environmental sociology and history, plus philosophy and sociology of science literatures. With this, I developed a system for understanding values in science (of which environmental values are a subset) with respect to the limits of my sample and study. This examination of respondent behavior provides support that it is possible for AES to act on their environmental values without compromising their objectivity, credibility, and authority. These scientists were not likely to practice this in conversations with colleagues and policy-makers, but were likely to behave this way with students. The legitimate extension of this behavior is a viable route for continuing to integrate the human and social dimensions of environmental science into its practice, its training, and its relationship with policy. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Environmental Social Science 2012

This study examines the advocacy coalitions in Russia. Using the Advocacy Coalition Framework, it looks at the power resource distribution amongst the coalitions, and how this distribution affects Russian foreign policy. The power resources examined are: Formal Legal Authority; Public Opinion; Information; Mobilizable Troops; and Financial Resources. In addition to this, the study used quantitative and qualitative methods to identify these resources. There are a couple of conclusions we may draw from this study. The method is useful in identifying power resources. It is not enough to use only the distribution of resources amongst coalitions in order to explain policy changes. It is found that the distribution of resources, coupled with coalition interaction, is enough to explain changes in Russian foreign policy.

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-04-20T17:33:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) wagner_britto_martins.pdf: 9116081 bytes, checksum: 7092c75d8f5b0619e42cea581ff82264 (MD5) / Rejected by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br), reason: N?o consigo acessar o PDF. on 2017-04-20T19:10:37Z (GMT) / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-04-20T19:50:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) wagner_britto_martins.pdf: 9116081 bytes, checksum: 7092c75d8f5b0619e42cea581ff82264 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-04-24T13:26:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) wagner_britto_martins.pdf: 9116081 bytes, checksum: 7092c75d8f5b0619e42cea581ff82264 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-24T13:26:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) wagner_britto_martins.pdf: 9116081 bytes, checksum: 7092c75d8f5b0619e42cea581ff82264 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / INTRODU??O: na atualidade h? avan?os acerca do direito da pessoa com defici?ncia, existindo no Brasil vasta legisla??o que evoca os direitos desta popula??o, no entanto, h? car?ncia de estudos sobre a real consci?ncia das pessoas com defici?ncias acerca de seus direitos e usufruto dos mesmos. Compreender esta tem?tica do ponto de vista da pessoa com defici?ncia permitir? a formula??o de propostas de interven??es futuras no sentido do efetivo acesso destas pessoas ao usufruto de seus direitos fundamentais. OBJETIVO: verificar se a pessoa com defici?ncia motora tem consci?ncia, ou n?o, e o quanto usufrui de seus direitos. MATERIAIS E M?TODOS: foi realizado estudo transversal descritivo com uma amostra de conveni?ncia composta por 39 pacientes com defici?ncia motora. Os participantes responderam a um question?rio de formula??o pr?pria sobre direitos e usufrutos de direitos da pessoa com defici?ncia. RESULTADOS: verificou-se que o grupo foi formado por adultos que deambulam, desfavorecido socioeconomicamente e de maioria feminina. A maioria parou de trabalhar ap?s o evento/doen?a, recebe algum benef?cio do governo e praticamente n?o saem de casa, com exce??o para o tratamento da sa?de. O grupo demonstrou conhecer pouco sobre os seus direitos espec?ficos, usufruindo daqueles mais divulgados como, por exemplo, benef?cios previdenci?rios e o atendimento priorit?rio. A acessibilidade em locais externos foi apontada como dificuldade para a maioria. CONCLUS?O: ? importante n?o apenas aprova??o de leis, mas o conhecimento por parte da sociedade e das pr?prias pessoas com defici?ncia acerca dos seus direitos para que os fa?am valer e sejam usufruidos. Assim, a pessoa com defici?ncia poder? ser efetivamente inserida na sociedade, exercendo seu papel de cidad?o, sujeito de direitos e deveres no ?mbito social. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de, Sociedade e Ambiente, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / INTRODUCTION: Nowadays there are advances about the right of people with disabilities. Exists in Brazil wide legislation that evoke the rights from the people with disabilities, however, there are few studies about the awareness of this population about their rights and usufruct. To understand this issue of the person's point of view will be possible to formulate proposals for interventions to the effective access of disabled people to the enjoyment of their fundamental rights. AIMS: To verify if the motor disabled persons are aware and also if they enjoytheir rights. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 39 patients with motor disabilities composing a convenience sample. Participants answered a questionnaire, prepared by the researchers of this study, about awareness and usufruct about their rights. RESULTS: It was found that the group was formed by adults, deambulants, socioeconomically disadvantaged and female majority. Most stopped working after the event/illness, receives some benefit from the government and practically they do not leave home, except for medical treatment. The group demonstrated knows little about their specific rights, only those most publicized, such as government benefits and priority seating. The accessibility of external sites was identified as difficulty of the majority. CONCLUSION: It is important not just approval laws, but knowledge on the part of society and disabled people themselves about their rights, so they can usufruct theirs rights. Thereby the disabled persons will be effectively inserted in society, exercising their citizen role, subject to the fulfillment of rights and duties in the social sphere.

While much is known about what contributes to teacher attrition, there is less research on those who leave teaching positions to work as a union representative. The purpose of this study was to explore how three teacher union representatives frame their experiences with mobility, leadership, and advocacy in education. The research question was: How do former teachers enter and perform the role of teacher union representative? The sub-level questions were: a) How do they story their transition from teaching students to representing teachers? b) How do they frame the responsibility of teacher unions and teacher union representatives to advocate? Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, examined for story elements and plot, and interpreted using a framework on working conditions (House, 1981). The major theme was that educators left their positions as teachers in response to emotional, instrumental, informational and appraisal factors, namely discrepancies between what they wanted and what was provided as part of their working conditions. The findings are: 1) Working conditions pushed educators to pursue union leadership, 2) Professional responsibilities of a Union Representative varied 3) Issues for which Union Representatives advocated involved the improvement of working conditions. The findings are discussed, as are implications for revising the theoretical framework for use in future studies with regard to the fluidity of the advocacy process, and the long-term sustainability of American Educational Unions. Recommended are longitudinal studies to determine how teacher union representatives’ frame their narratives of working conditions and advocacy in response to changes in legislation, including union decertification, over time. Keywords: advocacy, union representation, working conditions, administrators, teacher’s rights, framing and professional mobility.