Since the late 1980s in most European countries the public sector has been characterized by ongoing privatization/liberalization strategies. Challenges related to this development are the merging of public institutions or units, the (re)creation of efficient processes, the increase in revenues, and the balancing between public service obligation and private sector competition. Approaching a case of a large Austrian company in the public health sector with a mixed methods design (narrative interviews, surveys), three major changes could be identified: a) breaking the bottleneck - development of processes, tools and awareness, b) reduction and regulation - ongoing business integration, and c) the good, the bad and the ugly - changing roles and status of clients, employees and managers. Organizational cultural subgroups relevant to the case are functional, occupational, geographical, political and structural subgroups. The political and the structural subgroups are fairly new dimensions in M&A research. The different subgroups identified show different resource dependencies, define perceptions about the ongoing changes and related approaches to change, face different organizational strategies and professional challenges. This explorative case study contributes to the understanding of developments of the public sector and related types of organisations. It provides practical recommendations for successful integration processes and managerial action. Approaching the case with the model of organizational culture challenges organisational cultural theory. New constructs relevant to change management are combined and a contribution to the field of mixed method M&A studies is made. (author's abstract)

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit Gründungstrends bei neu gegründeten Vereinen in Österreich von 2006-2017. Vereine haben ihre Anfänge zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts. Sie sind in Österreich die häufigste Rechtsform für Organisationen im Bereich der Zivilgesellschaft. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden mithilfe von Text-Mining-Verfahren die Namen neu gegründeter Vereine analysiert. Anschließend werden Kategorien gebildet und anhand der vorkommenden Worthäufigkeiten Trends dargestellt. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass im gesamten Untersuchungszeitraum diverse Förderungsvereine, Vereine in den Bereichen Kunst und Kultur sowie Sparvereine zu den häufigsten Neugründungen zählten. Zudem wird ersichtlich, dass Neugründungstrends oftmals mit politischen und gesellschaftlichen Vorgängen zusammenhängen. / Series: Working Papers / Institute for Nonprofit Management

胡麥爾(1778-1837)是一位奧地利鋼琴家、作曲家、教師及指揮家，生前與貝 多芬齊名，被譽爲是當時歐洲最重要的鋼琴作曲家之一。可是近代的學者和聽眾對他的評價甚低，認爲他的音樂作品守舊、媚俗、不能登大雅之堂。 / 本文借鑒胡麥爾創作時期的文化背景，重新評價這位被忽視的音樂家對於開 發十九世紀鋼琴音樂所作出的貢獻。十八世紀後期中產階級的興起令音樂會 不斷增加，鋼琴演奏家不但成爲音樂會中的主要角色，而且他們所演奏的 「流行音樂」對於後世鋼琴技巧及音樂創作的發展，有舉足輕重的影響。 / 胡麥爾的鋼琴作品顯露出嶄新的作曲手法，當中包括較自由的轉調和曲式結 構，以及特別的音形法等，均源自音樂會中常出現的即興演奏，亦即「幻想 曲風格」。胡麥爾在正統器樂體裁的語境中引入幻想曲的技法，展示出流行 曲風格與正統音樂的結合，並開創了混合體裁的先河。其中，幻想曲與奏鳴 曲的混合體裁，對於後世的浪漫派作曲家如簫邦和舒曼等的創作模式尤有啓發。 / Johann Nepomuk Hummel (1778-1837) was an Austrian pianist, composer,teacher, and conductor who was described in his time as one of Europe's greatestpianist-composers. However, his music has been neglected and underestimated inmodem times, and is not considered to have any lasting influence on later compositional developments in the 19th century. / The present study aims to demonstrate that, though identified as a conservative composer, Hummel played an important transitional role in the evolution between Classical and Romantic styles. I argue that the post-classicalpianism that he cultivated presaged many significant stylistic trends of later composers, and that these were stimulated by the rise of public concerts. The demand for virtuosic performances by middle-class concert audiences led pianistcomposers like Hummel to explore new modes of improvisation, which in turn had a profound impact not only on keyboard technique, but also on compositional practice. / A comprehensive study of Hummel's piano music reveals a new compositional practice featuring juxtaposition of different figurations, freedom of modulation, and new formal structures. The fantasy style derived from concert 11 improvisations came to be incorporated in different keyboard genres, resulting in generic mixture. In particular, the hybrid fantasy-sonata foreshadowed the later practice of Schumann and Chopin, and contributed towards the merging of serious and popular styles in Romantic piano music. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Kam, Cheok Weng. / "December 2011." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-174). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese. / List of Figures --- p.vii / List of Music Examples --- p.ix / Chapter Chapter One --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter Two --- Cultural Contexts for Hummel's Post-Classical Keyboard Style / The Rise of Public Concerts --- p.10 / The Development of Piano Music --- p.11 / Technical Innovations in Post-Classical Pianism --- p.12 / The Viennese Piano Style --- p.17 / The English Piano Style --- p.21 / Hummel's Keyboard Writing: Viennese Features --- p.28 / The Influence of the English Style --- p.31 / Legato Touch and the Chopin Style --- p.36 / Technical Innovations --- p.40 / Chapter Chapter Three --- Generic Transformation in Hummel's Piano Sonatas --- p.48 / The Keyboard Sonata in Hummel' s Time --- p.51 / Changing Approaches to Sonata Form --- p.56 / Hummel's Early Piano Sonatas --- p.61 / Sonata in F minor, Op. 20 --- p.67 / Sonata in C major, Op. 38 --- p.77 / Sonata in F-sharp minor, Op. 81 --- p.82 / Sonata in D major, Op. 106 --- p.93 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- The Evolution of Fantasias and Generic Innovations --- p.107 / Improvisation and Fantasy Style in the Eighteenth Century --- p.108 / The Eighteenth-Century Free Fantasia --- p.111 / Changing Conceptions of the Fantasy From C.P.E. Bach to Mozart --- p.118 / Changing Role of Improvisation in Performance Practice --- p.124 / From Harmonic Thinking to Thematic Thinking --- p.129 / Hurnmel's Fantasy Op. 18: The Fantasy-Sonata Hybrid --- p.134 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Other Types of Generic Mixture Prompted by Fantasy Style --- p.141 / Generic Mixture with Theme and Variations --- p.142 / Caprices --- p.148 / Potpourri --- p.150 / Rondo --- p.152 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusion --- p.156 / Bibliography --- p.160

This thesis explores the existence and outlook of a European officer class in the mid- to later 18th century by studying the army officers of Britain and the Habsburg Monarchy from the War of the Austrian Succession to the eve of the French Revolutionary Wars. It illuminates the character of such an officer class of ‘Military Europe’ with its own cultural customs and practices. Furthermore, it details similarities, differences and peculiarities of both officer corps. This is achieved by analysing the social and national composition of both armies, with a focus here on the Habsburg Army due to the fact that it took in great numbers of foreigners and that the muster lists give an indication of how great the proportion of nobility was. A comparison with the British case shows striking similarities but also obvious differences. In a further step the ability of individuals for social advancement and national mobility is scrutinised on both sides. In this context, the state’s care for its officers and their social security is also taken into account. One possibility to acknowledge the officers’ service was to raise their status, either by ennoblement or through increasing the prestige of the uniform in court and society, its transformation into an ‘Ehrenkleid’ (garment of honour). As officers increasingly became servants to the state, rather than noble retainers and military enterprisers, they were also subject to professionalization efforts by the sovereigns. What becomes apparent, however, is that the officers did not only react to such measures but that at least a significant part of them actively worked on improving the service, thereby exhibiting a growing professionalism. In order to explore the coherence of the officer corps in those armies, with officers all following the same codes and accepting each other as equals, the thesis looks into core values (including honour, duty, courage and loyalty) binding them together and separating them from the enlisted men. The thesis will also offer a glimpse of their engagement with civilian society and culture as well as their role as ‘foot soldiers of Enlightenment’. On a European level, interaction between these officers proves their general acceptance of and respect for each other, while at the same time acting as state representatives in wartimes. Their interaction with non-European and non-state military forces and their leadership marks out the fluid boundaries of military Europe, but also exhibits the pervasiveness of European military culture.

This thesis deals with the current situation of denominational religious education in Austria and the question of its future. The situation will be described including the historical development of the relationship between religion and politics and the legal framework of religious education in Austria. Afterwards models and systems of religious education in other European countries will be discussed. A major part of the thesis deals with challenges and recent developments of denominational religious education in Austria. This current situation will be discussed then against the historical background of the relationship between politics and religion in Austria. Afterwards the Austrian situation will be compared to other models in Europe to find out about similarities and differences. The final conclusion outlines what denominational religious education in Austria can learn from other systems in Europe and what are some ways it can be adapted to a more religiously diverse and secular Austria in the future.

This is an analysis of the contributions of Richard Wagner's ideas to the development of Adolf Hitler as seen by various historians. This author has consulted the works of many different authors to attempt to find the ideological roots of Adolf Hitler. The ideology of Richard Wagner, as seen by some of the most pre-eminent historians of this period, has been applied to the ideas of Hitler to find any continuity between these two men. All historians consulted thought Wagner was, for some more, others, less, a contributor to the development of Adolf Hitler and National Socialism. This author has concluded that Wagner was a contributor, but that Hitler's personal environment was more important to the development of National Socialism. This thesis explores an area into which no one has really delved in depth. Hopefully, this thesis can be a springboard for further research into this area.

En analysant les almanachs illustrés et les autres publications associatives [1880-1918], on tente de cerner la culture politique propre au milieu national-allemand d'Autriche. On étudie tout d'abord les lieux de mémoire mis en avant par les intellectuels et les leaders nationalistes, tels qu'ils se manifestent dans la liturgie politique et dans les grandes narrations historiques. On s'emploie à montrer que suivant leur degré de radicalité, les militants ne leur donnent pas le même éclairage et n'établissent pas la même hiérarchie entre les référents historiques. On montre également que les activistes observent très attentivement les organisations rivales [tchèques, slovènes, italiennes] et s'approprient leurs lieux de mémoire, tout en leur donnant une interprétation radicalement di é- rente. On montre ensuite que les leaders associatifs cherchent à mettre le sentiment d'appartenance locale au service du sentiment national. Pour ce faire, la jeune discipline de la Volkskunde [ethnologie nationaliste] leur apparaît comme un instrument adéquat, parce qu'elle théorise l'insertion des individus dans des cercles concentriques [famille, lignée, communauté linguistique, etc.]. On s'intéresse donc aux collections des petits musées locaux créés par les antennes locales des associations, au catalogue de leurs bibliothèques, qui ont toujours pour mission de sensibiliser les visiteurs aux spécificités de leur environnement géographique immédiat, et de leur montrer que ce dernier s'insère harmonieusement dans la grande nation allemande. / Working from an analysis of illustrated almanacs and other publications by nationalist organizations established in Austria between 1880 and 1918, this study attempts to outline the political culture of the German-national milieu in Austria. It focuses first on the significant landmarks of historical memory which nationalist intellectuals and leaders called attention to and which were highlighted in the political commemorations and the grand historical narratives which they upheld. Our work shows that depending on their degree of radicalization, activists did not regard these landmarks in the same way, and they didn't establish the same hierarchy between them. It also reveals that activists observed rival [czech, solvene or italian] organizations very closely, and that they appropriated their signi cant "realms of memory", albeit with radically different interpretations. This study then attempts to explore how organization leaders sought to make the sentiment of local belonging serve the feeling of national belonging. With this aim in view, the new discipline known as Volkskunde [nationalist ethnology] was perceived as an adequate tool, because it provided a theoretical frame inserting individuals into a series of concentric circles [family, genealogical line, linguistic community, etc.]. This work looks at the collections of small local museums created by local branches of organizations, and at their library catalogues, whose mission was always to make visitors aware of the specificities of their immediate geographical surroundings and to show them how these surroundings were a part of the overall harmony of the great German nation.

Victimes des persécutions du régime national-socialiste, près d’un demi-million d’Allemands et d’Autrichiens furent contraints à l’exil entre 1933 et 1945, en Europe puis outre‑mer. Plusieurs milliers d’entre eux trouvèrent refuge en Bolivie, le pays le plus pauvre d’Amérique du Sud. Nous nous proposons d’étudier la crise identitaire provoquée par la rupture de l’exil chez les personnes concernées ainsi que les stratégies identitaires qu’elles mirent en place pour tenter de la dépasser. Nous avons ainsi choisi d’interroger les difficultés spécifiques des exilés de langue allemande qui furent confrontés dans la république andine à un environnement socio-culturel très différent de celui qu’ils connaissaient en Europe et qui n’offrait que peu de repères identificatoires. Devant l’impossibilité d’une acculturation rapide, les exilés germanophones en Bolivie durent activer des mécanismes de défense et de (re)construction identitaire qu’ils mirent en place dans des espaces interstitiels transnationaux recréés sur place. Cette étude a pour objet l’analyse de la nature de ces espaces et des processus de recomposition identitaire différents, parfois divergents, mis en place chez les exilés de langue allemande en Bolivie. Notre réflexion s’inscrit ainsi dans le cadre de la sociologie des identités en contexte migratoire centrée sur les espaces socio-culturels et politiques collectifs ainsi que sur la (re)définition d’individus victimes d’une assignation identitaire discriminante. / Nearly half a million of German and Austrian nationals, fleeing persecution at the hand of the national‑socialist regime, were forced into exile in Europe and overseas. A few thousands of them found refuge in Bolivia, then the poorest country in South America. In our study, this dissertaition will analyse the identity crisis caused by the rupture of exile as well as the identity strategies those who were affected developed to overcome this crisis. We chose to focus on the specific difficulties of the Germann speaking exile who in Bolivia had to face a sociocultural environment widely different from what they had known in Europe and in which they couldn’t find any references to relate to. Since fast acculturation was nearly impossible, the exiles had to recreate transnational in-between spaces that would enable them to activate defensive mechanisms to (re)build their identities.Our study aims to analyse the nature of these spaces as well as the different - or even divergent - processes of identity reconstruction the German–speaking exiles established in Bolivia. Our work relies on the sociology of identity in a migratory context with a specific focus on collective sociocultural and political spaces and on the redefining of identities for people who were the victims of a discriminating label.

Knowing the factors that influence older people to volunteer is highly important for the evaluation of the productive potential of the growing population of older people. This diploma thesis aims to contribute to a better understanding of the determinants of volunteering among the elderly. Therefore, this study reviews a psychological, an economic and a sociological approach explaining volunteering and provides an overview about existing empirical findings. Using data from a survey conducted by Statistics Austria in 2006, the study applies the method of logistic regression to estimate the determinants of volunteering by older people in Austria for the first time. Results show that sex, age, level and field of education, employment status, migration background, household´s wealth and income, household size, existence of other volunteers in the same household and place of residence determine volunteering among older people. Moreover, the results demonstrate that the influence of those factors vary substantially for different types of volunteering. / Series: Forschungsberichte des Forschungsinstituts für Altersökonomie

Bibliography: p. 726-753. / 2 v. (753 p. ; [551] p.) : music ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Elder School of Music