Text in Afrikaans / Summaries in Afrikaans and English / The supposition exists that the Transvaal Education Department's Senior Primary Class Music syllabus is not being implemented in all aspects and that this is connected to teacher training. An empirical investigation was launched using three questionnaires and a classroom field study. Two questionnaires, completed by Class Music teachers, were used to assess to what extent the school syllabus was being followed. Teachers also had to provide information about their training in Class Music teaching. The third questionnaire offered a structured interview with school principals. The actualisation of Class Music, extra curricular music activities, the role of the teacher and teacher training were examined. Lessons for standard two pupils at twenty schools, were presented for an in-depth investigation. The results were tabulated, summarised in bar graphs and interpretations rendered. According to the findings, recommendations with regard to curriculum, the implementation of the syllabus, and tertiary Class Music training were made. / Daar is vermoed dat die seniorprimere Klasmusieksillabus van die Transvaalse Onderwysdepartement gedeeltelik gelmplementeer word en dat df t verband hou met onderwysersopleiding. In die lig hiervan is 'n empiriese ondersoek geloods deur middel van drie vraelyste en deur veldwerk. In die twee vraelyste wat deur Klasmusiekonderwysers voltooi is, is nagevors in watter mate die skoolsillabus gelmplementeer word. Verder het die onderwysers hulle Klasmusiekopleiding in hierdie verband aangetoon. Die derde vraelys vorm die raamwerk vir 'n gestruktureerde onderhoud met skoolhoofde. Die realisering van Klasmusiek, buite-kurrikulere musiekaktiwiteit en die rol van die onderwyser en onderwysopleiding is nagegaan. In 'n diepte-ondersoek is lesse by twintig skole vir standerdtweeleerlinge aangebied. Die resultate word in tabelle uiteengesit en in staafdiagramme saamgevat, terwyl waarnemings weergegee word. Op grondhiervan word aanbevelings gemaak oor kurrikulering, sillabusimplementering en tersiere Klasmusiekopleiding. / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / M.Mus

Text in English / This case study of the Caravan Traditional Dance group profiles Musisinyani Mackson Mavunda‘s contribution to Tsonga music and dance performing arts. The lack of documentation of the work of Tsonga local traditional composers and choreographers is well-known in South Africa. This is echoed by Kidula (2006: 109), stating that ‗many studies from the continent have few outlets in the global academy, inasmuch as the work done by foreign researchers is barely known in much of Africa‘. A few years in the future, it will not be known who the composer of a certain song was, and what their intentions were in composing that particular song. Naturally the composers want to send a message to the community and sometimes to entertain the community or compose for a certain ritual. Composers need a considerable amount of planning and carefully chosen words, choreography and so on and this becomes apparent when taking into account the time and effort they put into composing a song. In response to this problem and by placing the composers‘ narratives at the centre, the study examines the role of the founder of the Caravan Traditional Dance group (CTD), Musisinyani Mackson Mavunda, and his contribution to Tsonga music and dance performing arts. This requires a critical examination of all aspects of his CTD professional career: his musical beginnings, teaching career, teaching of Tsonga traditional dances and his social and cultural heritage in the society. The key finding of this study was that Musisinyani distinguishes the humanity of others, which is Ubuntu philosophy. Music is power. It has power from within the composer. This is seen through the composer‘s confidence, assertiveness and motivation when composing songs. Music has the power to do; this is the listeners‘ choice. Through the power of music, people can gain skills; they may be productive and can network and be innovative. Music also has power over people, and the power to influence communities, thereby helping unite community members to work towards a common cause to achieve a common goal. It therefore gives communities strength and cohesion. As the community they have the power to challenge the status quo and to encourage one another. / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / M. Mus. (Musicology)

La thèse exploite, pour la première fois, d’exceptionnels manuscrits de l’office cistercien. Comprenant la liturgie cistercienne d’origine messine copiée vers 1136/1140, ces documents ont servi, quelques années plus tard, de brouillons à la réforme liturgique et musicale de Bernard de Clairvaux. Ils ont été partiellement biffés et grattés de façon à correspondre aux nouvelles normes cisterciennes.<p>La principale liasse d’épreuves bernardines, constituée des quelque 185 folios de l’antiphonaire 12A-B de Westmalle, constitue le socle de la thèse et la matière du tableau liturgique général présenté dans l’annexe 3. Cette table distingue les pièces de première main de celles écrites par les correcteurs bernardins. Les autres épreuves, l’antiphonaire 6 de Tamié (Savoie) et les fragments de la Fille-Dieu (Suisse), ont été reproduites dans l’annexe 2. Avec les folios de Westmalle 12A-B, elles sont les seules à conserver une part importante des mélodies originelles, à révéler les corrections et les procédures bernardines. Les analyses codicologique et paléographique des documents, mises en relation avec les données historiques, ont permis de dégager deux phases de corrections et de situer l’achèvement de la réforme bernardine, vraisemblablement à Hautcrêt vers 1143.<p>Le répertoire de l’hymnaire a été revu (chapitre IV) et celui de la messe, réexaminé à la lumière des reliquats du premier graduel cistercien, jusqu’ici inexploités. Ces bribes intactes ont été confrontées aux équivalents de la deuxième réforme et ouvrent (chapitre III) l’étude comparative des chants de l’office du premier et du deuxième Cîteaux (chapitres VII à X). <p>Au fil de l’analyse, des échantillons tirés du graduel ou de l’antiphonaire sont présentés dans les tableaux synoptiques rassemblés dans l’annexe 1. Chacun d’entre eux comprend, quand c’est possible, la première version cistercienne originelle reconstituée, la version bernardine et, selon les besoins, un panel plus ou moins important de référents grégoriens (décrits au chapitre VI), destinés à replacer chaque liturgie cistercienne dans son contexte culturel et à en établir les sources. <p>Ce travail tend à modifier l’image de la réforme bernardine, censée avoir appauvri la tradition grégorienne par l’application stricte des règles musicales. Elle montre que de nombreuses pièces introduites par les correcteurs sont issues de la tradition clunisienne et parfois spécifiquement de la tradition de l’abbaye de Molesme d’où sont issus les pères fondateurs de Cîteaux. Les reliquats de la liturgie molesmienne notée, reproduits en fac-similé (annexes 2) et inconnus jusqu’ici, ont permis d’établir l’existence d’une chaîne de tradition musicale reliant Molesme aux monastères de sa tradition (Montier-la-Celle et Marmoutier) ;et de faire ressortir les liens qui unissent la tradition des premiers moines blancs à de nombreuses corrections bernardines. L’examen du bréviaire Paris 3241, sorti de l’anonymat en 2007 et exploité ici pour la première fois, a en particulier permis de conclure au transfert de pièces et formulaires entiers de la tradition molesmienne vers le deuxième Cîteaux. <p>Bien plus que la théorie musicale, réputée si importante, mais en réalité modérément appliquée, ce sont la raison pratique, le souci de l’authenticité et de la bonne articulation du texte latin, l’esthétique et la culture mélodique du terroir bourguignon qui ont guidé les choix des réformateurs bernardins. La liturgie messine, adoptée à Cîteaux entre 1108 et 1143, était porteuse de variantes dialectales que les Bernardins ont abandonnées pour se réapproprier leur patrimoine ancestral, marqué par des segments musicaux expressifs et des idiomes caractéristiques du domaine latin. <p>L’interprétation musicale de spécimens du premier et du deuxième Cîteaux, mis en regard, illustre ce basculement culturel de l’ensemble liturgique « est » vers celui de l’« ouest ». La pochette musicale comprend aussi quelques unica et emprunts traditionnels ciblés qui illustrent la richesse de l’esthétique du deuxième Cîteaux.<p> / Doctorat en Langues et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

La proposition centrale de cette thèse est double. D’une part, il s’agit de jeter les bases d’un modèle historique qui réunirait tous les dispositifs audiovisuels qui associent des images animées à une chanson populaire qui leur est préexistante sous un même paradigme culturel que nous baptiserons « phono-cinématographie ». Celui-ci aurait débuté vers la fin du XIXe siècle, avec l’invention du kinétoscope d’Edison, pour aboutir à nos jours avec l’émergence des vidéos musicales interactives sur Internet. D’autre part, il s’agit de nous interroger sur le rôle a priori central que les Beatles occupent au sein de cette histoire de la chanson populaire mise en image. Notre hypothèse principale est que le vidéoclip, tel qu’il s’est institutionnalisé au début des années 1980 pour ensuite se perpétuer jusque dans les années 2000, n’a rien d’une pratique culturelle (voir même d’un média) figé(e) :bien au contraire, cette pratique/ce média a été l’objet de réélaborations continues tant sur le plan de la production, de la diffusion que de la fonction.<p>Notre approche se situe à cheval sur l’histoire du cinéma, de la musique populaire et de la télévision. En nous appuyant sur certaines propositions théoriques et certains concepts formulés dans le champ des études cinématographiques ainsi que dans le champ des performance studies, nous serons particulièrement attentif aux questions de représentation qui se déploient dans ces différents dispositifs phono-cinématographiques :à savoir, les premiers films chantants (les phono-scènes Gaumont et les Vitaphone shorts), les juke-boxes équipés d’un écran (les Soundies et les Scopitones) et enfin les vidéos musicales télévisées (les films promotionnels et les vidéoclips). / Doctorat en Information et communication / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

PhD (African Studies) / Centre for African Studies / It has been shown that indigenous music and dance can help one to vividly fathom the behaviour, values and morals of particular cultural groups, they perform their music and dance for various reasons. For instance, there are songs for hoeing, weeding, reaping, for children, of mockery, during game, protests, by the fireside interspersed with folktales, love songs and so on. All these songs are immersed in culture-bound indigenous music. The indigenous music and dance of the Vatsonga play a vital role, not only in their lives but also for others who enjoy indigenous Xitsonga music and dance. There exists, however gaps regarding documentation, preservation and notation of this music and dance practices. In this study, therefore, indigenous Xitsonga music and dance genres are analysed descriptively and documented (with notation of common songs) for posterity. A qualitative approach was used to conduct this musicological study. A study such as this one can also contribute towards African indigenous knowledge systems and be used by the Department of Education. / NRF

Louis Cahuzac was one of the most sought-after clarinetists in the first half of the twentieth century. He was also highly respected as a conductor, as a teacher, and as a composer of music for the clarinet. The selections performed and discussed in the lecture depict Cahuzac's use of simple compositional forms and procedures which blend the expressive capability of the clarinet with its technical potential.

This dissertation presents a performance guide of two solos for early valved trumpet, as well as an appraisal of their historical significance. The first of these solos is F. G. A. Dauverné's Variations pour trompette à pistons avec accompagnement de Piano-forte, op. 3 (1833). The second solo examined is Amilcare Ponchielli's Concerto per Tromba e Banda, op. 123 (1866). Although Ponchielli's work dates from only the middle of the century, by time of its composition the valved trumpet had already been developed enough to have attained true artistic value. This dissertation provides evidence concerning the evolution of nineteenth solo literature for the Romantic trumpet by means of formal analysis in regard to form, harmony, and historical performance practice.

余詠宇. / 論文(博士)--香港中文大學, 1999. / 附參考文獻(p. 210-222)及索引. / 中英文摘要. / Available also through the Internet via Dissertations & theses @ Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Yu Yongyu. / Lun wen (bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1999. / Fu can kao wen xian (p. 210-222) ji suo yin. / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao.

The first indentured Indians arrived in South Africa in 1860. Their importation was a consequence of the British, who wanted cheap labour from their colony, India, to serve the Empire’s needs in South Africa. Several of these Indians, upon completion of their term of their indenture, chose South Africa as their new ‘motherland’. They settled in Durban and its surroundings with some migrating inland. Consequently, the largest community of Indians in South Africa is still located in the Durban area. Indian communities globally show clear socio-economic development coupled with a strong association to religion and worship. The South African Indian diaspora is no different. Religion is deeply embedded in the fabric of this community. Rooted within most Indian religious practices are strong ties with music. The immigrants who arrived in South Africa shared common religious associations with India, the major religions being Hinduism, Islam and Christianity. Christianity in South Africa includes established and mainline church denominations such as Roman Catholic, Anglican, Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian, Lutheran and Pentecostal movement. The Pentecostal movement includes the Full Gospel Church of God, Assemblies of God and Apostolic Faith Missions. Music, a subsidiary to worship within the Pentecostal church movement, provides certain unique dimensions to the religious service as opposed to the traditional repertoire and instrumentation (hymns being sung with organ accompaniment) of the mainline churches. To date, little is known about the music education, performance practice and music praxis in these churches. The lack of data on the latter provides the basis for this current investigation into Church Music praxis within the Pentecostal movement. A mixed method research approach which integrates both the qualitative as well as quantitative is adopted for this study. This approach allows for greater insight into the target population and their phenomena. The qualitative phase which consisted of informal structured interviews and a review of literature, provided in-depth knowledge and thematic data that informed the quantitative phase. The sample population used in the quantitative phase draws on six of the largest churches in the predominantly Indian areas of Durban. A questionnaire was developed specifically for this study, submitted for review to an expert, and administered to the sampled population. The results were coded and entered into a statistics database (SPSS) for analysis. Findings suggest that there is a unique stylistic development and performance tradition within these churches. Results reveal that the majority of Pentecostal church musicians in the Durban area have no formal training in music, yet are able to function as musicians within their congregations. Many musicians indicated their inability to read music as their greatest challenge. Consequently, this led to a great deal of time being spent on learning music. In almost all of the latter cases this occurred either autodidactally, communally and/or simply aurally. Musicians also indicated that financial difficulties were a setback, in that several were unable to purchase instruments and the necessary equipment to engage with their core music functions within the church. Many relied heavily on church support to assist with this need. These musicians possess an ability to perform technically and musically challenging music repertoire that demands advanced music skills and knowledge. This phenomenon attests to the power of informal music education. Many of these musicians go on to pursue successful careers as musicians and music educators. / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / D. Litt. et Phil.