This paper investigates the Swedish emergency readiness and how it acts in a state of war forgovernmental archival institutes. The purpose of this study is to examine how the archivalinstitutes of the government act during war time, to further give an insight of how preparedthe Swedish National Archives and The Royal Library are in regarding to emergency of war,to preserve the archive itself. A qualitative textual analysis and survey results have been takenin use to answer the purpose of the study and its question at issue, through a context analysisof the empirical material gathered from both institutes. The method of use is based on textualanalysis and the theoretical approach applied is the theory of political contingency in regardsto division of responsibility. The content analysis of the gathered information consists of threedifferent types of source material: general knowledge of archival/library/museum institutes,scriptures from The National Archives and The Royal Library, as well as survey results.The result of the study demonstrates an inconsistency in the form of vague or scantformulations with regards to the responsibility of the archival institutes and the manner oftheir resource allocation. In this paper a theory emerges that with a rather great probability theresources within archival/library/museum institutes are scarce in regards to readiness, whichmost likely is due to the theory that the readiness during peacetime has been severely lackingfor decades.In conclusion it has been demonstrated that the need for concrete information regardingreadiness for emergencies or war is highly required from governmental agencies. All in all,this study has identified the need of additional research with focus on archival institutes in theevent of war.

With the increasing complexity in construction projects, monitoring project schedule and managing projects effectively is becoming increasingly important. Most projects being deadline oriented, timely completion becomes a must. Like every industry, the construction industry too lays a lot of emphasis on timely completion which makes it necessary to monitor the project schedule very closely. A schedule overrun is never predicted at the start of the project but during the course of the project, even the slightest change can result in delays. As per the current scheduling practices, float is considered free. It is an expiring resource and hence the party to the use the float first owns the float. The concept endorsed by the court for analyzing delay claims is the proximate cause concept. As per this concept, the party which is the immediate cause to a particular delay is held responsible for that delay irrespective of what has happened before in the project. Due the ambiguous nature of its interpretation, the present concept on float management has now become one the primary reasons for disputes amongst the participating parties. Parties in contract are always trying to appropriate float to suit their interests. This is why total float management has gained this level of importance in today's industry. To handle this issue of total float management more efficiently, Dr. Prateapusanond (2003) proposes a new concept of total float management as an effort towards a more fair and equitable system. This concept respects the dynamic nature of construction projects and recognizes float to be an asset for both parties. The new concept proposes to allocate float in the ratio 50:50 between the parties at the start of the project. This pre-allocated float owned by each party is called the Allowable Total Float (ATF). The implementation of this concept ensures that the parties are now aware that consumption of float in a way that it affects critical activities will expose them potential damages. This concept is an effort towards a more fair and equitable system for total float management. It appears impressive on paper but its practicality and applicability remains a major concern. This research is aimed at testing the practicality of the proposed concept of pre-allocation of total float. It introduces bookkeeping procedures that will facilitate the application of the concept of Pre-allocation of total float. These procedures have been developed and tested on certain case studies to make sure that they are robust. Once their ability to handle scheduling issues is determined, the bookkeeping procedure along with the concept of pre-allocation of total float is applied to a real construction project. This research presents an in depth analysis of the nature of the proposed concept of pre-allocation of total float, the scheduling issues which this concept does not address to, and certain assumptions which could be used in conjunction with the present concept to make it robust in nature. / Master of Science

Many beginner educators leave the profession within the first three years following their appointment. The security of educators, and especially that of the beginner educator is threatened from many angles. Beginner educators experience this threat very intensely and this weakened feeling of security they experience, has important implications for their role as educators. There are, however, many legal determinants that protect educator security and oppose each threat directly. This research falls within the field of Education Law and the security of beginner-educators is studied from this angle. The study focuses on the protection of security as offered by law determinants and the real experience of threats by beginner educators. In the research, law determinants such as the Constitution, education law, labour law and case law, as protectors of security, were studied. Using a qualitative study the experience and perceptions of a selection of participants was analysed. The participants, from different types of schools in a certain geographical area, were identified. During the analysis two aspects emerged that influence security. The first aspect is the beginner educator‟s lack of knowledge of the mechanisms that protect security and the second aspect was beginner educators‟ real experience of threats. Beginner educators‟ lack of security is the result of their lack of knowledge of the mechanisms that protect security. The findings of this research propose that more emphasis is placed on the legal aspects concerning the protection of security of educators during their training and that beginner educators are empowered to face threats of security and overcome it. / MEd (Education Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Many beginner educators leave the profession within the first three years following their appointment. The security of educators, and especially that of the beginner educator is threatened from many angles. Beginner educators experience this threat very intensely and this weakened feeling of security they experience, has important implications for their role as educators. There are, however, many legal determinants that protect educator security and oppose each threat directly. This research falls within the field of Education Law and the security of beginner-educators is studied from this angle. The study focuses on the protection of security as offered by law determinants and the real experience of threats by beginner educators. In the research, law determinants such as the Constitution, education law, labour law and case law, as protectors of security, were studied. Using a qualitative study the experience and perceptions of a selection of participants was analysed. The participants, from different types of schools in a certain geographical area, were identified. During the analysis two aspects emerged that influence security. The first aspect is the beginner educator‟s lack of knowledge of the mechanisms that protect security and the second aspect was beginner educators‟ real experience of threats. Beginner educators‟ lack of security is the result of their lack of knowledge of the mechanisms that protect security. The findings of this research propose that more emphasis is placed on the legal aspects concerning the protection of security of educators during their training and that beginner educators are empowered to face threats of security and overcome it. / MEd (Education Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The increasing dependence upon Information Systems (IS) in the last few decades by businesses has resulted in many concerns regarding auditing. Traditional IS auditing has changed from auditing "around the computer" to a hands-on approach (auditing through and with the computer). Technology is changing rapidly and so is the profession of IS auditing. As IS auditing is dependent on Infonnation Technology (IT), it is essential that an IS auditor possesses IT and auditing knowledge to bridge the gap between the IT and auditing professions. The aim of the study is to: 1) define the roles and responsibilities expected from IS auditors, based on the different types of audit assignments and the steps involved in perfonning an IS audit assignment; 2) describe the basic IT and audit knowledge required from IS auditors based on the roles and responsibilities identified; 3) describe the soft skills required from IS auditors to successfully perfonn an IS audit assignment; 4) define the main types of IS audit tools and techniques used most often to assist IS auditors in executing IS audit roles and responsibilities; and 5) establish an IS auditor's profile based on the 4 characteristics defined above / Computing / M.Sc.

Šio darbo pagrindinis tikslas buvo išsiaiškinti, ar galimas toks atvejis, kad tėvų teisė parinkti vaiko vardą būtų ribojama. Atlikus analizę, buvo nustatyta, kad esama tokių atvejų, kai tėvai parinkdami vardus savo vaikams elgiasi neatsakingai ir neapgalvotai, taip pažeisdami vaiko interesus. Darbe buvo išsiaiškintos vaiko ir vardo sąvokos, apžvelgiant tiek bendrinį, tiek teisinį apibėžimus. Pabrėžtina, kad vardo sąvoka darbe buvo naudojama siaurąją prasme. Buvo keliamas ir teisės į vardą bei privatumo santykio klausimas, išskiriant, kad vaiko vardas yra jo tapatybės sudėtinė dalis, Buvo padaryta išvada, kad vaiko teisė į vardą yra glaudžiai susijusi su kitomis vaiko teisėmis, tarp tokių buvo minima vaiko teisė į individualybės išsaugojimą, teisė į sveiką vystymąsi, orumo užtikrinimą ir nediskriminaciją. Pasiremiant psichologų atliktais tyrimų duomenis, buvo atkreipiamas dėmesys, kad asmens vardas yra gerokai daugiau nei skiriamasis ženklas, padedantis atskirti vienus žmones nuo kitų. Buvo pastebėta, kad vardo įtaką vaiko gyvenime yra matoma nuo tada, kai tik jis pradeda suprasti savo vardo skambesio prasmę. Darbe buvo iškeltas klausimas ar teisės į vardą ribojimas nepažeistų tėvų interesų, žvelgiant iš privataus šeimos gyvenimo perspektyvos. Tačiau buvo nustatyta, kad tai, jog valstybėje yra tam tikras teisinis reguliavimas dėl vardų registravimo tvarkos, dar nereiškia jog taip savaime pažeidžiama šeimos teisė į privatumą. Atlikus teisės aktų analizę, buvo pastebėta, kad... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether the parents’ right to choose a child’s name can be restricted. The subject is relevant and this is justified by reviews of legal regulations and case law of different countries. The analysis shows that there are some cases when parents irresponsibly choose names for their children, thus violating child’s interests. In order to answer this problematic question, it is important to clarify the concepts of a child and a name considering both general and legal definitions. In this paper, a child is a special entity for whose proper fulfillment of rights a special protection is provided. The thesis also assesses the functions of legal regulations taking into account whether the legal norms that regulate name registration process means that the country ensures and respects child’s rights. It is emphasized that the concept of name is used in its narrow sense, excluding last name and nickname. Moreover, another relevant question of the thesis is the right to the name and privacy relation. It is emphasized that child’s name is the component of identity, therefore both child’s parents and the country have to ensure that child’s identity and relation with the family are preserved. This aspect is investigated referring to both European Court of Human Rights and judicial judgments of other countries. Only those questions that are related to the content of child’s right to the name are discussed in the practical part. After a review of the... [to full text]

Bakgrund: Barns grundläggande språkkunskaper utvecklas under förskoleåldern (2-6år) och de befinner sig under denna period i ett språkfönster då språkutvecklingen är inne i en gynnsam fas. Upptäcks barn med språksvårigheter och får rätt insatser under denna period förbättras förutsättningarna för barnets fortsatta språkutveckling. Det är barnhälsovården och BHV-sjuksköterskans ansvar att upptäcka barn med atypisk språkutveckling, detta arbete sker genom upprepade språkbedömningar och språkscreeningar under tiden då barnet deltar i barnhälsovårdens verksamhet (0-6år). Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva BHV-sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att arbeta med barns språkutveckling inom barnhälsovården. Metod: En induktiv ansats valdes där datamaterialet analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Åtta intervjuer genomfördes med BHV-sjuksköterskor. Resultat: Ur analysen av datamaterialet framträdde tre kategorier såsom; upptäcker barn med atypisk språkutveckling, samarbetar med föräldrar och använder evidensbaserat screeningsverktyg med sex tillhörande underkategorier. Konklusion: I studien framkommer att BHV-sjuksköterskorna upplever ett stort ansvar i att upptäcka barn med atypisk språkutveckling. Detta för att barn med språksvårigheter får bättre förutsättningar om insatser startar i tidig ålder. Föräldrar upplevs sakna förståelse för barnets språkutveckling och vilken betydelse språket har för barnet. BHV-sjuksköterskorna försöker skapa kunskap och förståelse för barnets språkutveckling hos föräldrarna då de har en central roll i barnets utveckling. / Background: Children's basic language skills develop during the preschool age (2-6 years) and are at this time in a positive progress of language development. If children with language difficulties are detected and gets the right support during this period of time it improves the conditions for the child’s language development. It is the Child health care nurse’s responsibility to identify children with deviant language development. Aim:  The aim of the study was to describe Child health care nurses´ experience of working with children´s language development in Child health centre. Method: An inductive approach was chosen where data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Eight interviews were conducted with Child health care nurses. Results:  Three categories emerged from the analysis; detects children with deviant language development, collaborates with parents and use evidence-based screening instrument with six subcategories included.   Conclusion: It emerges from the study that Child health care nurses´ experience a major responsibility to detecting children with deviant language development. This is because children with language difficulties get better prerequisites if insertion starts at early age.  Child health care nurses perceive lack of understanding from parents regarding the child´s language development and the importance of language for the child.

This study analyzes the status and job functions of the 546 elementary school assistant principals in Texas during the 1985-1986 school year. It is concerned with the status of the position and the degree of responsibility assigned to the assistant principal for forty-eight specific job functions in the actual and ideal practice. A sample of 125 assistant principals, 125 supervising principals and a population of 135 superintendents whose districts employ assistant principals were included in the study. All three groups completed the role survey instrument. The results were analyzed by using the one-sample chi-square test to determine whether significant differences existed among the perceptions of the superintendents, principals, and assistant principals at the .01 level. The return rate was 60.8 percent for the assistant principals and principals and 84.6 percent for the superintendents.

The topic of this diploma thesis is the influence of joint custody on school successfulness of a child. In the theoretical part I describe a contemporary family and major functions of the family. I chart the situation of legislation in the Czech Republic, I deal with circumstances how the Czech courts make a decision about commiting children into parental care after a divorce of their parents and whether the number of children being involved in joint custody increases. I am really interested in the fact whether the courts make a decision based on the child needs. Following this part I focus on the definition of school successfulness of children and the behaviour of younger learners. I indicate the factors that could have an influence on school successfulness. In the practical part I present the results of my qualitative research. I explore the influence of joint custody into child school successfulness from the point of view of class teachers. I survey the behaviour of children who live in joint custody after the divorce of parents and I also take an interest into the fact whether the class teacher have noticed any features that could connect these children.

Organisationer står inför utmaningarna att rekrytera och ge möjligheter till kompetensutveckling. Den som utför rekrytering har en central roll och måste därmed ha rätt kompetens för att kunna arbeta på ett professionellt sätt. Syftet med studien är att undersöka rekryteringsprocessen i offentlig verksamhet och hur chefer med rekryteringsansvar upplever den egna kompetensen i arbetet med rekrytering. Frågeställningarna som besvaras är: Hur beskriver chefer med rekryteringsansvar inom offentlig verksamhet arbetet med rekrytering? Vilken kompetens upplever chefer med rekryteringsansvar efterfrågas respektive krävs vid utförandet av rekrytering? Upplever chefer med rekryteringsansvar inom offentlig verksamhet kompetens i arbetet med rekrytering? Genom en kvalitativ studie har semistrukturerade intervjuer utförts med chefer som innehar rekryteringsansvar i offentlig verksamhet. Resultatet visar att samtliga chefer med rekryteringsansvar tillämpar en gemensam rekryteringsprocess som innehåller skilda steg. De beskriver arbetet med rekrytering på liknande sätt. De upplever att det efterfrågas och krävs formell och reell kompetens och vissa personliga egenskaper vid arbetet med rekrytering. Cheferna upplever kompetens i arbetet med rekrytering, men för fram att det finns utvecklingsmöjligheter. / Organizations face the challenges of recruiting and providing opportunities for competence development. The person who performs recruitment has a central role and must have the right competence to be able to work professionally. The purpose of the study is to investigate the recruitment process in public sector and how managers with recruitment responsibilities experience their own competence in work with recruitment. The questions answered are: How do managers with recruitment responsibilities in public sector describe work with recruitment? What competence do managers with recruitment responsibilities experience as required and demanded in the performance of recruitment? Do managers with recruitment responsibilities in public sector experience competence in work with recruitment? Through a qualitative study, semi-structured interviews have been conducted with managers who hold recruitment responsibilities in public sector. The result shows that managers with recruitment responsibilities apply a common recruitment process with different steps. They describe the work with recruitment in a similar way. They experience that the work with recruitment require and demand formal and actual competence and certain personal characteristics. Managers with recruitment responsibilities experience competencies in work with recruitment, but suggest that there are development opportunities.