No description available.

No description available.

Tesis por compendio / [EN] Throughout the pages of this document, I present the results of the research that was carried out in the context of my PhD studies. During the aforementioned research, I studied the process of Traceability Links Recovery between natural language requirements and industrial software models. More precisely, due to their popularity and extensive usage, I studied the process of Traceability Links Recovery between natural language requirements and Business Process Models, also known as BPMN models. In order to carry out the research, I focused my work on two main objectives: (1) the development of the Traceability Links Recovery techniques between natural language requirements and BPMN models, and (2) the validation and analysis of the results obtained by the developed techniques in industrial domain case studies. The results of the research have been redacted and published in forums, conferences, and journals specialized in the topics and context of the research. This thesis document introduces the topics, context, and objectives of the research, presents the academic publications that have been published as a result of the work, and then discusses the outcomes of the investigation. / [ES] A través de las páginas de este documento, presento los resultados de la investigación realizada en el contexto de mis estudios de doctorado. Durante la investigación, he estudiado el proceso de Recuperación de Enlaces de Trazabilidad entre requisitos especificados en lenguaje natural y modelos de software industriales. Más concretamente, debido a su popularidad y uso extensivo, he estudiado el proceso de Recuperación de Enlaces de Trazabilidad entre requisitos especificados en lenguaje natural y Modelos de Procesos de Negocio, también conocidos como modelos BPMN. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, mi trabajo se ha centrado en dos objetivos principales: (1) desarrollo de técnicas de Recuperación de Enlaces de Trazabilidad entre requisitos especificados en lenguaje natural y modelos BPMN, y (2) validación y análisis de los resultados obtenidos por las técnicas desarrolladas en casos de estudio de dominios industriales. Los resultados de la investigación han sido redactados y publicados en foros, conferencias y revistas especializadas en los temas y contexto de la investigación. Esta tesis introduce los temas, contexto y objetivos de la investigación, presenta las publicaciones académicas que han sido publicadas como resultado del trabajo, y expone los resultados de la investigación. / [CA] A través de les pàgines d'aquest document, presente els resultats de la investigació realitzada en el context dels meus estudis de doctorat. Durant la investigació, he estudiat el procés de Recuperació d'Enllaços de Traçabilitat entre requisits especificats en llenguatge natural i models de programari industrials. Més concretament, a causa de la seua popularitat i ús extensiu, he estudiat el procés de Recuperació d'Enllaços de Traçabilitat entre requisits especificats en llenguatge natural i Models de Processos de Negoci, també coneguts com a models BPMN. Per a dur a terme aquesta investigació, el meu treball s'ha centrat en dos objectius principals: (1) desenvolupament de tècniques de Recuperació d'Enllaços de Traçabilitat entre requisits especificats en llenguatge natural i models BPMN, i (2) validació i anàlisi dels resultats obtinguts per les tècniques desenvolupades en casos d'estudi de dominis industrials. Els resultats de la investigació han sigut redactats i publicats en fòrums, conferències i revistes especialitzades en els temes i context de la investigació. Aquesta tesi introdueix els temes, context i objectius de la investigació, presenta les publicacions acadèmiques que han sigut publicades com a resultat del treball, i exposa els resultats de la investigació. / Lapeña Martí, R. (2020). Traceability Links Recovery among Requirements and BPMN models [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/149391 / Compendio

<p dir="ltr">The increasing consumption of fresh produce such as cantaloupes, watermelons, lettuce, and cucumbers has been linked to multiple foodborne outbreaks, highlighting the urgency of implementing effective measures to prevent bacterial contamination, colonization, and internalization. This study evaluates various antimicrobial chemical washing solutions to reduce foodborne pathogens and improve the microbial quality of fresh produce. The research investigates the impact of netting density on cantaloupe rind surfaces and assesses the efficacy of sodium hypochlorite (FAC), peracetic acid (PAA), and chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) against <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, and <i>Salmonella </i>Typhimurium. Results suggest that higher netting densities decreased the efficacy of these treatments, with smooth rind cantaloupes showing the highest bacterial reduction when treated with PAA and FAC. Further investigations into the inline application of antimicrobial washing solutions under commercial packing house conditions revealed that combining ClO₂ and PAA significantly reduced pathogen loads on cantaloupes and watermelons without adversely affecting their sensory qualities. Additionally, the study assessed the effectiveness of PAA, FAC, and accelerated hydrogen peroxide (AHP) on fresh cucumbers, broccoli, and lettuce under conditions that emulate commercial retail facilities. The treatments achieved significant log reductions in aerobic mesophilic bacteria and common pathogens, highlighting the critical role of these solutions in preventing cross-contamination during postharvest handling. Finally, the research also examined the internalization of foodborne pathogens in lettuce and cucumber plants, revealing high recovery rates of <i>E.</i><i> </i><i>coli </i>O157:O157H7 and <i>S.</i><i> </i>Typhimurium from contaminated seeds, soil, leaves, and blossoms. These findings highlight the potential for pathogen colonization and persistence in fresh produce, indicating the need for preventative agricultural practices and microbial control measures throughout the cultivation and handling processes. Together, these studies suggest that integrating effective antimicrobial washing solutions with proper storage conditions and good agricultural practices is essential for enhancing fresh produce's microbial safety and shelf-life, thereby reducing the risk of foodborne illnesses.</p>

<p dir="ltr">Asset traceability systems support sustainable value creation. Use case scenarios include the transition from a linear to a circular economy (CE) and legislative initiatives in Europe and North America. Traceability systems are needed to consistently link physical assets with the corresponding digital life cycle data. However, there is a lack of system architectures for consistent asset life cycle traceability. Therefore, the work proposes a traceability system architecture using digital product passports (DPPs) and fingerprint (FP) technology. By providing asset related data, DPPs increase the transparency across value chain partners. The system architecture uses the Asset Administration Shell (AAS) to create interoperable and standardized DPPs. Besides, consistent product identification (ID) and unique (single occurrence) identifiers are a prerequisite for effective traceability systems. Using natural markers to identify assets can enhance consistent asset traceability in sustainable supply chains. When using FP technology, the inherent surface structure of an asset is captured by an imaging system and then compressed into a digital asset fingerprint. Since assets are not artificially marked, the work investigates the use of Bounding Symbols (BSs) to locate an asset’s fingerprint Region of Interest (ROI). Furthermore, four fingerprint creation algorithms are compared and evaluated regarding their feasibility for asset life cycle traceability. The research validates the proposed system architecture in an experimental setup by using aluminum raw castings (medallions) as the investigated asset type. Key findings include the successful identification of 80 medallions with a 100% success rate. The related fingerprint information was stored in a DPP as an AAS submodel.</p>

Purpose – This study aims to explore, and suggest solutions to, the gap between the supply of information from organic meat producers and the demand of information from consumers regarding traceable characteristics (attributes) of meat in a limited geographical area in order to maximize the utilization and value of collected data. Design/methodology/approach – A mixed methods research design is applied to collect both quantitative data from consumers and qualitative data from suppliers to produce empirical results of the supply and demand of information. A theoretical framework of organic food purchase intent is used for the quantitative study as well as the correlation between consumers’ perceived importance of attributes and their willingness-to-pay for meat. The results of the empirical studies are compared to each other in an effort to expose a possible gap using a gap analysis. Findings – Meat is shifting from a price based commodity to a product based on characteristics. This study reveals that there is now a gap between the information made available by organic meat producers and the demand of information from consumers that needs to be recognized in order to maximize the value of collected data. Information regarding environmental impact of raising and transporting the animals is not extensively collected. A substantial amount of data about attributes of perceived importance, such as safety and handling, animal welfare and medication or other treatments is collected but not extensively shared with consumers. Research limitations/implications – The small sample size in a unique area and the scope of the survey data does not provide a result that can be truly generalized. It is therefore suggested that future studies produce results from a larger sample that incorporates the perceived accessibility of important information for consumers. Practical implications – This contributes to the emerging literature of organic food production by comparing both the supply and the demand of information regarding attributes of meat. This information is valuable to organic meat producers and marketers as well as developers of agricultural systems and databases that should shift their focus to consumer oriented traceability systems. Originality/value – This study goes beyond the substantial body of literature regarding attributes of organic food and consumers preferences by comparing these factors to the available supply of information by meat producers and by suggesting solutions to bridge the gap between them. Keywords – Organic meat, Organic agriculture, e-Agriculture, Traceability, Traceability systems, Consumer oriented, Consumer behavior, Willingness-to-pay, Supply and demand, Information gap, Gap analysis, Business development, United States of America, Sense-making theory, Mixed methods Paper type – Research paper, Bachelor’s thesis

[pt] O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar os principais problemas e desafios da logística hospitalar e como o uso da tecnologia da informação pode ajudar a indústria da saúde a minimizar os impactos destes problemas e desafios. O mercado de saúde, envolvendo fabricantes, distribuidores, fornecedores e estabelecimentos de saúde, sofre grande controle dos órgãos reguladores para atendimento de exigências quanto à rastreabilidade, manipulação, acondicionamento, dispensação e descarte de produtos para a saúde. Complexidades como a dificuldade de gestão pela falta ou excesso de estoques, multiplicidades de itens comerciais, embalagens, especificações e apresentações de medicamentos e a obrigatoriedade de controle de lote de fabricação e data de validade de insumos para a saúde, são grandes impactantes e responsáveis por custos com suprimentos representarem 25 por cento a 35 por cento dos custos totais operacionais de uma organização de saúde. Outro grande desafio do gestor de saúde está em garantir a segurança do paciente, através de processos de prescrição, dispensação e administração de medicamentos de forma controlada, estruturada e segura. Estudos afirmam que os erros com medicação representam a maior causa de não conformidades no ambiente hospitalar. Neste contexto a tecnologia da informação se apresenta como ferramenta para realizar a gestão adequada da logística hospitalar, minimizando a complexidade e os desafios da indústria de saúde, destacando a utilização de código de barras e identificação por rádio frequência – RFID como umas das principais ferramentas da tecnologia da informação adotadas pelas organizações de saúde em busca de realizar uma gestão logística eficaz e eficiente. / [en] This paper aims to present the main problems and challenges of hospital logistics and how the use of information technology can help the healthcare industry to minimize the impacts of these problems and challenges. The healthcare market involving manufacturers, distributors, suppliers and healthcare facilities, suffers great control of regulators to fulfill such requirements as traceability, handling, packaging, dispensing and disposal of health products. Complexities such as the difficulty of managing the lack or excess inventories, multiplicities of commercial items, packaging, specifications and presentations of medicines and compulsory control of batch manufacturing and expiry date of health inputs are large and impactful responsible for costs with supplies representing 25 per cent to 35 per cent of total operating costs of a health organization. Another major challenge of the health manager is to ensure patient safety, through processes of prescribing, dispensing and administration of drugs in a controlled, structured and safe way. Studies claim that medication errors represent the major cause of non-conformity in the hospital setting. In this context information technology presents itself as a tool to achieve the proper management of hospital logistics, minimizing the complexity and challenges of the healthcare industry, highlighting the use of barcode and radio frequency identification - RFID as one of the main tools information technology adopted by healthcare organizations seeking to conduct an effective and efficient logistics management.

The world is facing new challenges caused by global warming and is puttingpressure on governments, companies and the civil society to act fast. Like all industries, the wine industry is affected by climate change and wine producers are simultaneously struggling to stay viable while competing on a global market. To become sustainable, transparency is needed in the supply chain so that stakeholders and consumers can influence it. In this study, blockchain technology is investigated as a possible technology that can increase sustainability, transparency and over-all efficiency in the supply chain. The study is a case study and takes place in South Africa. The study takes the perspective of small and medium sized enterprises because they are a big part of the market and has not been researched in this area. Empirical data was collected through interviews, observations and secondary data and it was analyzed through thematic analysis. The results show that there is a lot of administrative work in the industry where compliance and certifications take a lot of time and effort. The smaller wineries, that often want to focus on making good wine, have a harder time with the administrative work since the same person might have several roles or functions in the business. The current traceability system is also one of the best in the world but is largely paper based. In the discussion it is shown that the industry has some elements that would be good for a blockchain system but the smaller producers would probably not dare to invest in such a system since they need improvements in quality or efficiency to stay viable and the technology required is expensive. The thesis concludes that the industry has some structures in place that would be a good base for a blockchain system. This could add an extra level of security and trust to the system. The implementation for the small-scale producers seems far away since the technological requirements are expensive. / De rådande klimatförändringarna ställer nya krav på företag att ta ansvar för sina utsläpp och miljöpåverkningar. Därför blir det allt mer vanligt för företag att medvetet öka hållbarheten i sina värdekedjor eftersom det också blir allt viktigare för stakeholders och konsumenter. För att kunna sätta press på företag krävs dock transparens och med komplexa värdekedjor kan detta vara svårt att skapa. Därför krävs nya teknologier som kan hjälpa företag att öka transparens, effektivitet och integritet. Blockchain-teknologi är en relativt ny teknologi som med sina decentraliserade egenskaper har potential att användas i värdekedjan för att öka hållbarhet och transparens. Denna studie undersöker just det genom en fältstudie i den Sydafrikanska vinindustrin. Det är in riktadpå främst små- och medelstora företag och inkluderar också industriorganisationer för att bidra med en holistisk bild av värdekedjan för vin. Genom intervjuer, observationer och sekundärdata samlades empirisk data in och analyserades med tematisk data-analys. Resultaten visade att små-och medelstora vinproducenter fäktas med mycket administrativt arbete och har svårt att vara ekonomiskt hållbara på en global marknad. Spårbarheten i Sydafrika fungerar utmärkt och därför finns det redan viss infrastruktur på plats i landet som skulle kunna vara en grund till att utveckla ett blockchain-baserat system för att öka säkerheten, transparensen och minska administrativa kostnader för de mindre företagen. Ifall ett blockchain-system skulle implementeras skulle det troligtvis inte drivas av de små företagen även fast de hade gynnats mest, utan av större företag med finansiell kapacitet.

The purpose of the report is to analyse how automatic identification technology affects traceability, and then analyse the effects of automatic identification technology on inventory management. This report is based on the research questions "How can barcodes and RFID affect inventory management?" and "What advantages and disadvantages can automatic identification technologies lead to in warehousing?". In order to answer the report's purpose and research questions, a case study was conducted. The company is a manufacturing company and is active in the chemical industry. The company is categorized as a large company located in western Sweden. Two challenges for the company are to reduce the number of incorrect deliveries and improve the inventory accuracy. These problems are due to the fact that activities in the company's warehouse are done manually. The consequence is reduced inventory efficiency and a risk for dissatisfied customers. During the 2017 fiscal year 45 non-conformances were registered, some of which derives from incorrect deliveries. Empirical data was collected through interviews, observations and internal documents. The case study consists of a process mapping in which the company's processes and activities have been mapped. To obtain a better basis for analysis, a literature study of earlier research was conducted in the field of traceability and automatic identification technologies. A summary of the literature study is found in the theoretical framework. The theoretical framework includes traceability, automatic identification and data capture (AIDC), barcodes and radio frequency identification (RFID).The results shows which activities in the process mapping that identification technologies can be applied to and what effects an application may lead to. It appears that the identification technologies have similar effects on inventory management as they both result in automated product identification and automated transfer of information. These effects in combination with an integration with the ERP-system can lead to increased inventory efficiency with fewer incorrect deliveries and improved inventory accuracy. The company is recommended to implement AIDC, however the study shows that further research needs to be carried out to investigate what kind of barcodes or RFID is most beneficial. / Rapportens syfte är att undersöka hur identifieringsteknik påverkar spårbarhet, för att därefter undersöka vilka effekter en tillämpning av identifieringsteknik kan leda till inom lagerhållning. Denna rapport utgår från frågeställningarna “Hur kan streckkoder och RFID påverka lagerhållning?” och “Vilka för- och nackdelar kan automatisk identifieringsteknik inom lagerhållning leda till?”.För att besvara rapportens syfte och frågeställning genomfördes en fallstudie. Fallföretaget är ett tillverkande företag och är verksamt inom kemiindustrin. Företaget kategoriseras som ett storföretag med säte i Västsverige. Två utmaningar för företaget är att minska antalet felaktiga leveranser och förbättra precisionen i lagersaldot. Dessa problem är en följd av att aktiviteter i företagets lagerhållning sker manuellt. Konsekvensen är en försämrad lagereffektivitet och risk för missnöjda kunder. Under verksamhetsåret 2017 registrerades 45 avvikelser, där en del av dessa kan härledas till felaktiga leveranser. Empiriskt material insamlades genom intervjuer, observationer och dokumentstudier. Fallstudien består av en processkartläggning där företagets processer och aktiviteter kartlagts. För att få ett bättre underlag för analys så genomfördes en litteraturstudie av tidigare forskning inom ämnesområdena spårbarhet och automatisk identifieringsteknik. En sammanställning av litteraturstudien återfinns i det teoretiska ramverket. Det teoretiska ramverket innefattar spårbarhet, automatisk identifierings- och datafångstteknik (AIDC), streckkoder och radiofrekvensidentifiering (RFID). Resultatet visar vilka aktiviteter i processkartläggningen där identifieringsteknik kan tillämpas samt vilka effekter en tillämpning kan medföra. Det framkommer att streckkoder och RFID har liknande effekter på lagerhållningen då de båda medför automatiserad produktidentifiering och automatiserad informationsöverföring. Om streckkoder eller RFID integreras med affärssystemet kan det medföra en högre lagereffektivitet med färre felaktiga leveranser och ett mer korrekt lagersaldo. Företaget rekommenderas att implementera en teknik för produktidentifiering. Däremot visar studien att fortsatt forskning behöver genomföras för att undersöka vilken typ av streckkoder eller RFID som är mest gynnsamt.

Risk- och sårbarhetsanalys (RSA) är ett verktyg som kommuner och landsting enligt lag skall göra. Dessa RSA ska sedan ligga till grund för en utbildnings- och övningsplan. På så sätt kommer de övningar som genomförs på kommunal och länsnivå fokuseras på omhändertagande av dess risker och sårbarheter.Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap, MSB, gjorde 2018 en utvärdering och fann att inte alla övar på sina risker och sårbarheter men att det var oklart hur många de var. Denna studie ger en bild av vad kommuner väljer att öva på i sina årliga krisberedskapsövningar om de inte övar på att hantera sina risker och sårbarheter. För att svara på frågan har juridiska dokument analyserats samt intervjuer genomförts med representanter för Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap samt säkerhetscheferna vid två kommuner.Studiens slutsats är att kommunerna dels tar krisberedskapsarbetet på stort allvar, men att brister i spårbarhet mellan RSA och utbildnings- och övningsplan medför att man inte övar på sina risker och sårbarheter. Studiens resultat är fem hypoteser som skulle kunna användas vid efterkommande forskning. / Risk and Vulnerability Analysis (RSA) is a tool that municipalities and county councils must do according to law. The RSA will then form the basis of a training and exercise plan. In this way, the exercises that are carried out at municipal and county level will be focused on dealing with these risks and vulnerabilities.The Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, the MSB, made an evaluation in 2018 and found that not all were practising risks and vulnerabilities, but it was unclear how many they were. This study gives a picture of what municipalities choose to practice in their annual emergency preparedness exercises if they do not practice managing risks and vulnerabilities. In order to answer the question, legal documents have been analyzed and interviews have been conducted with representatives of the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency and the security managers at two municipalities.The study's conclusion is that the municipalities take the emergency preparedness work very seriously, but that deficiencies in traceability between the RSA and the education and training plan mean that they do not practice risks and vulnerabilities. The study's results are five hypotheses that could be used in subsequent research.