As humanity is increasingly confronted by shared, complex, multi-faceted problems, experts with particular knowledge and expertise are called upon to develop solutions which can be implemented internationally. Such a role requires that experts work alongside professionals from a variety of different fields as well as creating the necessary knowledge and skills to solve the problems at hand. This thesis presents the outcomes of grounded research into the dynamics of expert work based on a case study of the scientific directors of accredited sports anti-doping laboratories. The study addressed questions about how both the directors and their stakeholders viewed the work of these scientific experts. It also investigated how these experts maintained their expertise in the rapidly changing context of doping in sport. The research design integrated the methods of case study, grounded theory and developmental work research. Qualitative data was elicited using a combination of standard qualitative research methods such as semi structured interviews, surveys and participant observation, and an adaptation of the activity theory based developmental work research methods. The results of data analysis were interpreted using the theoretical frameworks of Activity Theory, Communities of Practice and the complexity based Cynefin model of organic sensemaking. The subsequent development of a grounded theoretically informed model pointed to the existence of multiple objects for expert work and the critical role of a trusted, private, shared space for the development of individual and collective identities, the expansion and application of validated knowledge within the field and the establishment of a shared and informed base from which experts can engage with other professional groups working in the field. The model identified relationships between the volume of routine processes within a workplace and both the extent of knowledge-generating research work and the development of an awareness by experts of the benefits of greater participation with other stakeholders in the broader problem context. This international study also provided insights into the complex, evolving and emergent nature of multi-stakeholder activity and identified avenues for further research into the optimum dynamics of inter-agency working in both local and global contexts.

Doctor of Philosophy(PhD) / The present study deals with the synthesis, characterization, determination of anticancer activity of three mononuclear trans-planaraminepalladium(II) complexes code named TH5, TH6 and TH7 and three trinuclear complexes code named TH1, TH8 and TH14. The activity of the compounds against human cancer cell lines: A2780, A2780cisR and A2780ZD0473R, cell uptake, DNA-binding and nature of interaction with pBR322 plasmid DNA have been determined. Whereas cisplatin binds with DNA forming mainly intrastrand GG adduct that causes local bending of a DNA strand, TH5, TH6, TH7, TH1 and TH8 bind with DNA forming mainly interstrand GG adducts that causes more of a global change in DNA conformation. Although TH5, TH6 and TH7 each have two substituted pyridine ligands in a trans-geometry (3-hydroxypyridine in TH5, 2-hydroxypyridine in TH6 and 4-hydroxypyridine in TH7), the compounds differ in their activity against ovarian cancer cell lines, indicating that non-covalent interactions involving the hydroxyl group may be playing a significant role in activity of the compounds. Among trinuclear complexes TH1 is found to be significantly more active than cisplatin. It is actually twice as active as cisplatin against the parent cell line A2780, thirteen times as active as cisplatin against the cisplatin-resistant cell line A2780cisR and 11.5 times as active as cisplatin against the cell line A2780ZD0473R. Whereas the resistance factor for cisplatin as applied to the cell lines A2780 and A2780cisR cell lines is 12.9 that for TH1 is 1.98. The results suggest that TH1 has been able to significantly overcome resistance operating in A2780cisR cell line. The compound is soluble in water so that it may be taken orally. Provided it has favourable toxicity profile, TH1 has the potential to be developed into a highly active anticancer drug with a wider spectrum of activity than cisplatin. Although platinum drugs use a shot-gun approach to kill cancerous cells, widespread use in the clinic and increasing volume of their sale indicate that even in the genomic age, there is still need for shot-gun drugs in the clinic.

Typescript (photocopy) / 199 leaves : / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (M.D.)--Dept. of Medicine, University of Adelaide, 1981

Typescript (photocopy)

Graduation date: 1999

There was no abstract conception of religion in antiquity, but religious beliefs and praxis were closely intertwined with ethnicity in the Greco-Roman period. Building on the groundbreaking studies by Denise Kimber Buell, this thesis investigates the use of ethnic reasoning in centrist Christian identity formation in the second century CE. Specifically, I closely examine four different Christian texts (1 Peter, the Epistle of Barnabas, Justin Martyrs Dialogue with Trypho the Judaean and the Epistle to Diognetus) to show how the centrist Christian elites utilized ethnic reasoning to construct a distinct Christian ethnic identity and to manufacture sharp differences between Christians and Judaeans. In order to defend the idea of a homogenous Christian ethnic identity with pure origins,centrist Christian intellectuals re-appropriated the legacy of Israel and represented the Judaeans as an adversarial foil. This rhetorical strategy of othering characterizes the Christian Adversus Ioudaios literature.

This research focuses on documenting the efforts of the Waponahki people to design and pass legislated policy that effectively addresses racism and the process of colonization in school curriculum. The Waponahki, Indigenous to Maine and the Maritime Provinces, set precedent in both Canada and the United States during the late 1990s for the development of progressive educational policy that was implemented as legislated policy; two public laws and one state rule. Research on these policies, including the processes of their development, is significant because it provides an educational and social justice policy-making model. This work also contributes to the emerging discourse on Indigenous Research Methodologies as critical to the transformation of policy development theory and practice amongst Indigenous peoples. In Alberta, Canada, the Aboriginal student population is the fastest growing of any other race/ethnicity in the province (Alberta Learning Commission, 2005). However, Aboriginal students have the highest drop-out rates, and are least likely of any group to complete university (Frideres, 2005 & Statistics Canada, 2001). Experiences of racism in schools continue and are cited as a leading reason for Aboriginal student attrition, and the implementation of policy and practice that values Aboriginal worldviews is key to Aboriginal student success in school systems (Hampton & St. Denis 2004, Wotherspoon & Schissel, 2003). This research documents and analyzes the development of such policy from the lens of an Indigenous Waponahki researcher. The project is also unique because it specifically articulates a Waponahki epistemology and ontology as its foundational research methodology. Guided by the essence, practice, and principles of Waponahki basket weaving and creation story, the project examines two key pieces of legislation (public law) and one state rule that address racism and support language revitalization: in 2000, Maine Public Law Chapter 27, Title 1 MRSA 1102, more widely known as the Squaw Law; in 2001,Maine Public Law, Chapter 403, Title 20-A MRSA 4706, known as the Wabanaki Studies Law; and in 2005, the Native Language Endorsement Rule, Maine Department of Education, 05 071 CMR 115 Part II section 1.17, a state rule authorized by the state legislature. The study employs data collection methods that examine published documents, texts and individual interviews related to the three examples of legislated policy. Discussions address not only the challenges and opportunities of designing and implementation, but also speak to how these legislated policies function in practice as policies that work toward Waponahki survival and beyond. By discussing the development of these three specific examples as policies that evolved from the knowledge, traditions and colonial experiences of Waponahki people, this research describes and analyses how Waponahki ways of knowing (epistemology) and ways of being (ontology) inform policy-making processes in Maine. / Indigenous Peoples Education

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-78).

<p>Övervikt och fetma är ett växande problem och betraktas som en global epidemi. Också i Sverige har detta ökat avsevärt. Ett för stort energiintag i förhållande till förbrukning är den största orsaken, men också ärftliga faktorer kan leda till övervikt. Detta medför ofta komplikationer för den enskilde personen i form av ökade hälsorisker och sämre livskvalitet. Större kunskaper om orsaker och prevention är viktigt, samt att ha ett korrekt och professionellt bemötande är av stor vikt hos vårdpersonalen som behandlar dessa patienter. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa vårdpersonals attityder till överviktiga patienter. Metoden var en litteraturstudie som var grundad på åtta vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultatet kunde indelas i två kategorier, positiva attityder och negativa attityder. Vårdpersonal som huvudsakligen arbetade med överviktiga patienter hade mer positiva attityder och ett bättre förhållningssätt gentemot de aktuella patienterna. Gruppen med negativa attityder, dominerade i resultatet, de visade fördomsfullhet och negativism och att överviktiga patienter ofta särbehandlas. Överviktiga ansågs som lata och själva skyldiga till sin övervikt. Vårdpersonalen uttryckte ofta att de helst skulle vilja slippa vårda överviktiga patienter. En ökad medvetenhet om egna attityder och större kunskap om denna sjukdom vore önskvärt för framtiden för att uppnå den bästa omvårdnaden för dessa patienter.</p>

Övervikt och fetma är ett växande problem och betraktas som en global epidemi. Också i Sverige har detta ökat avsevärt. Ett för stort energiintag i förhållande till förbrukning är den största orsaken, men också ärftliga faktorer kan leda till övervikt. Detta medför ofta komplikationer för den enskilde personen i form av ökade hälsorisker och sämre livskvalitet. Större kunskaper om orsaker och prevention är viktigt, samt att ha ett korrekt och professionellt bemötande är av stor vikt hos vårdpersonalen som behandlar dessa patienter. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa vårdpersonals attityder till överviktiga patienter. Metoden var en litteraturstudie som var grundad på åtta vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultatet kunde indelas i två kategorier, positiva attityder och negativa attityder. Vårdpersonal som huvudsakligen arbetade med överviktiga patienter hade mer positiva attityder och ett bättre förhållningssätt gentemot de aktuella patienterna. Gruppen med negativa attityder, dominerade i resultatet, de visade fördomsfullhet och negativism och att överviktiga patienter ofta särbehandlas. Överviktiga ansågs som lata och själva skyldiga till sin övervikt. Vårdpersonalen uttryckte ofta att de helst skulle vilja slippa vårda överviktiga patienter. En ökad medvetenhet om egna attityder och större kunskap om denna sjukdom vore önskvärt för framtiden för att uppnå den bästa omvårdnaden för dessa patienter.