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Proposition d'une méthode de référencement d'images pour assister la conception architecturale application à la recherche d'ouvrages /Kacher, Sabrina Bignon, Jean-Claude January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Thèse de doctorat : Sciences de l'architecture : Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL : 2005. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.
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A study of architectural amenities in three waterside communitiesCervoni, Francis 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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A proposition for an (express)way architectureBencich, John Andrew 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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Modelem řízený vývoj softwarových cyber-physical systémů / Model-Driven Development of Software-Intensive Cyber-Physical SystemsGerostathopoulos, Ilias January 2015 (has links)
Software-Intensive Cyber-Physical Systems (siCPS) are modular, open-ended, networked, large-scale embedded Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems that are increasingly depending on software. They need to be both dependable and flexible to adapt to changes in their dynamic environments. This combination poses challenges in their design and development, as traditional model-driven design and development techniques cannot account for both dependability and self-adaptivity. The thesis proposes (1) a new, model-based design process for siCPS, which comprises both appropriate methods and models and deals with dependability and self-adaptivity, and (2) a mapping of the design models to implementation-level abstractions, which allows for model-driven development and early experimentations in siCPS. Specifically, the thesis delivers (1) by introducing and elaborating on the Invariant Refinement Method (IRM), and its extension for self-adaptivity, for the design of siCPS based on the ensemble paradigm. IRM was integrated into the ensemble development life cycle, a methodology for the development of autonomic ensemble-based systems. Contributing to (2), the thesis provides a mapping of the IRM concepts to the concepts of the DEECo components model. The mapping is supported by prototype...
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Visual analysis : an empirical evaluation of design guidelines for downhill ski trails and mountain support facilitiesJoseph, Robert B January 2011 (has links)
Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas State University Libraries
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Lightweight Remote Collaboration System based on WebRTC : Improving Remote Collaboration FlexibilityTinashe, Kurehwaseka January 2016 (has links)
Context. Introduction of efficient multimedia technologies combined with the spreading of high-speed internet connection all over the world has led to the continuous increase in demand of multimedia services, particularly video and audio. One of the major demands are flexible, interoperable and cost-effective lightweight remote collaboration systems in companies. Web Real Time Communication (WebRTC) is an emerging peer to peer technology that is promising to be the solution to many digital real-time communication challenges. With its fantastic one-to-one communication capabilities, WebRTC supports fast and smooth audio calls, video calls, conferencing, data (media file, document and screen) sharing, gaming and all sorts of messages exchange, all being done straight out of the browser. However, as shown by investigations and interviews supported by Ericsson AB and Semcon AB as party of the MERCO (Mediated Effective Remote Collaboration) international project, many corporate use cases of remote collaboration involve applications beyond the conventional one to one communication. Present videoconferencing systems (telepresence) limits the collaboration flexibility due to their lack of the ability to adapt to system resource usage, hence tend to be too heavy for less powerful devices (laptops, tablets, phones). Moreover, their installation and maintenance costs are too expensive for small companies. Therefore, new flexible, lightweight and less expensive solutions for remote collaboration need to be developed. Objectives. The main objective of this thesis is to identify technical solutions to address the challenges of resource usage flexibility in WebRTC multi-party remote collaboration systems. Despite concurrent developments of both commercial and free solutions that provide multi-party videoconferencing services using WebRTC, present solutions such as the conventional Multipoint Control Unit (MCU), Selective Forwarding Unit (SFU) and Fully Meshed architectures suffers from issues of excessive resource usage and cannot deliver the acceptable quality of experience in different use cases, particularly the mobile environment. The aim of this thesis is to investigate lightweight technical solutions that can be used to improve the system resource usage in WebRTC multiparty conferencing systems. Through understanding the architectural designs, benchmarking the performance of various technologies used in WebRTC and selecting the most suitable techniques a prototype is developed as a proof of concept. Methods. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to comprehensive study of fundamentals, background information and related works on WebRTC. This gives knowledge of technologies, techniques and performance evaluation metrics which help in making appropriate technical decisions during the experimental development of WebRTC solutions. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to experimental investigation in which two WebRTC signaling technologies (XSockets and NodeJs) are evaluated based on call setup time in WebRTC group call. Two lightweight technical solutions for improving resource usage flexibility (Switching video quality based on speech and using emotions and gestures instead of video) are evaluated based on system resources (CPU, memory, disk and network) and user experience. Results. Based on call setup time of WebRTC multi-party calls, the experimental results indicates that XSockets is a better signaling technology than NodeJs. The two proposed lightweight solutions have shown a remarkable improvement based on systems resource usage. A 15% reduction of CPU usage is observed when using speech controlled video quality switching and further 10% reduction is observed when video is replaced by emotions and gestures. Conclusions. Despite the minimal resource usage achieved by using emotions technique, this solution has usability issues as it cannot detect emotions in poor lighting environment. Consequently, the solution of switching video quality based on speech is chosen for further implementation. Though, this technique can be further improved through using machine learning techniques, the current implementation can significantly reduce the amount CPU, memory, disk and network usage to allow up to 6 participants to join a single conference call while maintain acceptable quality of experience.
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Edifício Copan: uma análise arquitetônica com inspiração na disciplina análise musical / Copan Building: an architectural analysis inspired on the discipline of music analysisOukawa, Carolina Silva 16 April 2010 (has links)
Esta pesquisa investiga a contribuição da análise musical, disciplina consolidada no estudo de música, ao desenvolvimento de uma disciplina analítica em arquitetura. Para tanto, empreendeu-se a análise do Edifício Copan (1951), de Oscar Niemeyer, a partir dos parâmetros musicais adotados por Stefan Kostka (2006). Por meio da análise de um exemplar arquitetônico, procurou-se apontar a procedimentos inerentes à análise arquitetônica de modo geral, propondo-se a elaboração de parâmetros mais sensíveis do que os verificados até o presente. / This research examines the contribution of the Musical Analysis, a traditional discipline in the study of music, to the development of an analytical discipline on architecture. To do so, an analysis of Copan Building (1951), built by Oscar Niemeyer, has been done based on musical parameters adopted by Stefan Kostka (2006). Through this architectural case study, this report aimed at pointing the general procedures involved in the architectural analysis out, suggesting the development of more sensitive parameters than those found so far.
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O ensino da arquitetura e a construção da modernidade / Architecture education and the construction of modernityDomschke, Vera Lúcia 07 March 2008 (has links)
O trabalho expõe e busca discutir experiências de ensino de projeto de arquitetura, tendo sido motivado pela minha vivência na Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Unisantos, como colaboradora na disciplina de Projeto Arquitetônico. Aborda inicialmente, de forma ampla, as condições do ensino da arquitetura e a conjunção entre essa situação e a construção do ofício de arquiteto até o século XX. Foi eleito como motivo de interpretação a instituição do ensino na França e os desdobramentos da industrialização e da instituição de métodos científicos elaborados ao longo do século XIX. A partir de então, esses métodos científicos instruíram o pensamento e a construção do conhecimento, superando as situações anteriores voltadas para a composição da obra arquitetônica no que dizia respeito à sua criação. Como a então moderna tecnologia industrial informa, as abordagens apoiadas no pensamento que buscava critérios e razões da produção industrial, seus princípios e seus produtos finais convergem na formação de duas escolas seminais o Vkhutemas e a Bauhaus para o ensino do projeto de arquitetura ao longo do século XX: na União Soviética, após a Revolução Bolchevique de 1917, e na Alemanha, durante o curto período da República de Weimar. A institucionalização do ensino da engenharia em São Paulo deu-se em 1894 com a fundação da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, procedendo-se, então, à instituição do ensino de arquitetura no Brasil, gênese das faculdades de Arquitetura e Urbanismo em São Paulo, a partir de 1947/1948. É relatado também o processo de integração horizontal introduzido nos primeiros anos da Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo e da Unisantos, durante o período compreendido entre os anos de 2001 e 2006, e o ateliê vertical da Escola da Cidade. / This work puts forward teaching experiences in architectural design motivated by my practice in FAU of Unisantos as a collaborator in the subject Architecture Design. Initially, we discuss broadly the teaching conditions in Architecture and the connection between this situation and the construction of the profession of Architect up to the XX century. The learning institution in France was elected as a interpretation motive, as well as the evolution of industrialization and adoption of scientific methods during the XIX century. From then onwards, scientific methods commanded thought and building up of knowledge surmounting the previous situation focused on the composition of an architectonic work. As the modern technology informs the approaches supported by a reasoning which sought criteria and reasons of industrial production, its principals and final products converge to the formation of two seminal schools Vkhutemas and Bauhaus for the training in architectonic design during the XX century in the Soviet Union after the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, and in Germany during the short period of Weimar Republic. Institutional schooling in Engineering was instituted in 1894 with the foundation of Escola Politécnica in the University of São Paulo when the training in Architecture was instituted in Brazil, being the birthplace of the Architecture and Urbanism Colleges in São Paulo in 1947/48. The process of horizontal integration during the first years in the Architecture and Urbanism College University of São Paulo, Unisantos during the period 2001-2006 and the Vertical Studio in Escola da Cidade are described.
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Edifícios de escritórios na cidade de São Paulo / Office buildings in the city of São PauloFialho, Roberto Novelli 20 September 2007 (has links)
O trabalho se propõe a compilar material de referência e registrar a produção de edifícios destinados ao trabalho burocrático (de escritório) na cidade de São Paulo, dos primeiros, datados do início do século XX, até aqueles recentemente construídos. Entre as questões discutidas estão: as implicações da legislação; as relações entre dimensões do lote, legislação e viabilidade econômica; a identificação de uma distribuição espacial na cidade refletindo momentos específicos desta produção; as configurações espaciais mais freqüentes e a influência das inovações tecnológicas no desenvolvimento dos projetos estudados. Em seu conteúdo, discorre brevemente sobre a história da torre de escritórios, identificando origens e aspectos fundamentais de sua evolução, e aborda aspectos da urbanização relacionados à verticalização da cidade. A partir deste contexto, apresenta, num relato cronológico, os edifícios pioneiros desta trajetória, os desenvolvidos sob a influência do movimento moderno a partir da década de 1940 e, a seguir, a produção do período iniciado em 1972, com a substituição do Código de Obras Arthur Saboya pela Lei de Zoneamento. O resultado final da pesquisa apresenta, além deste panorama geral, com aproximadamente 200 obras registradas, o estudo detalhado de 100 edifícios, que tem como objetivo identificar as diferentes tipologias implantadas na cidade e a diversidade de configurações e combinações possíveis a partir de opções de partido arquitetônico, sistema estrutural, condicionantes de legislação, localização geográfica, sistema construtivo e tipo de uso. Estes estudos de caso estão organizados em 5 percursos - Centro, Paulista, Faria Lima, Berrini e Itaim - que os agrupam geograficamente e explicitam a distribuição espacial de diferentes momentos de verticalização da cidade. Complementa este conjunto um grupo formado por 11 edifícios isolados, significativos por compreenderem uma diversidade de soluções que exemplificam a heterogeneidade da ocupação física a partir do uso do solo. Em suas conclusões, o trabalho discute a influência decisiva da legislação sobre a configuração dos edifícios e sua viabilidade, a localização dos empreendimentos na cidade, sua relação com o delineamento de vetores de expansão, sua influência na alteração das infra-estruturas urbanas e, ainda, o uso e influência dos componentes tecnológicos no projeto dos edifícios. Finalmente, identifica a crescente opção por construções flexíveis, a busca pelo aproveitamento máximo de área útil dos empreendimentos e a valorização do conceito de edifício inteligente. Complementando o conteúdo, estão incluídos no trabalho 3 anexos: o anexo I apresenta um resumo visual da evolução dos edifícios de escritórios que faz um contraponto entre a experiência internacional e os principais edifícios construídos na cidade (linha do tempo); o anexo II, um diagrama comparativo da volumetria dos edifícios analisados, também organizados cronologicamente; e o anexo III, índices organizados por data, autor e edifício, para facilitar a consulta isolada das diversas obras apresentadas no trabalho. / The research sets a compilation of reference material and registers the production of office buildings in the city of São Paulo, from the first ones dated from the beginning of the 20th century, to those recently built. Among the discussed issues are: legislative implications; the relations between plot dimensions, legislation and economical feasibility; the identification of a spatial distribution in the city according to specific moments of the production; the most common spatial configurations and the influence of technological innovations in the projects\' development. In its content there is an overview on the history of the office tower, identifying its origins and fundamental aspects of its evolution and it analyses aspects of urbanism related to the city\'s verticalization. From this context, it presents in a chronological line the pioneer constructions, then the ones developed from the 1940\'s under the influence of the modern movement and, finally, the production after 1972, when the Arthur Saboya Building Code was substituted by the Zoning Law. Besides this general background with approximately 200 buildings registered, the research presents a detailed survey of 100 buildings, aiming the identification the different typologies developed in the city and the diversity of possible configurations and combinations derived from the options on architectural conception, structural system, legislation issues, geographic situation, building system and use type. These case studies are organized in 5 itineraries - Center, Paulista, Faria Lima, Berrini and Itaim - that sets a geographical organization and shows the spatial distribution of the city\'s different growth phases. In addition to this, there is another group formed by 11 isolated buildings that become meaningful as a sample of the diversity of solutions obtained from the physical occupation of the city. In its conclusion, the research deals with the decisive influence of the legislation over the buildings\' configuration and its viability, the location of investments within the city, its relation with the setting of growth vectors, its influence on the alteration of urban infrastructures, as well as the use and influence of technological components in the buildings projects. Finally, it identifies the tendency of choice for flexible constructions, the search for maximum use of floor area rates and the valuation of the concept of intelligent buildings. As a complement, there are three appendixes: the first one presents a timeline as a visual summary of the office tower\'s evolution, establishing a counterpoint between the international experience and the most important buildings in the city; the second one is a comparative diagram of the analyzed building\'s mass also in chronological order; the third one comprehends indexes organized per time, author and building, in order to make the data search easier.
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Sobre fazer projeto e aprender a fazer projeto / About design and design learningBrandão, Otávio Curtiss Silviano 13 February 2009 (has links)
Para se fazer projeto arquitetônico, e também para se discorrer a esse respeito, é possível constatar que os arquitetos geralmente recorrem a dois tipos de operadores, antagônicos entre si. O primeiro é a prefiguração da idéia; o segundo é a prefiguração do método. Enquanto um sugere que o que é criado surge primeiramente na idéia, para, em seguida, ser representado, outro sugere que, para se fazer projeto, é necessário, primeiramente, saber fazer, para, em seguida, fazê-lo. Este trabalho procura conhecer alternativas para tal estado de coisas. Questionando as prerrogativas dos operadores citados, proponho aqui novos modos de se compreender e discorrer acerca da criação em arquitetura, na qual a atenção às contingências, bem como a interação entre condicionantes da forma e a compreensão do projeto como desenvolvimento, processo ou coisa distendida no tempo, possibilita a gestação de uma forma legitimada por coerência interna, mais que por recurso a quaisquer conjuntos de conhecimentos prefigurados. Para atingir tal objetivo, o primeiro capítulo apresenta o problema, as hipóteses de trabalho, o objeto sobre o qual me debrucei e o método de pesquisa empregado. Para situar o ponto de vista a partir do qual o problema é enfocado, o segundo capítulo apresenta uma crítica ao papel legitimador de proposições metafísicas para quem faz projeto, e, também, alguns conceitos sobre os quais trabalhei, como o perspectivismo nietzschiano, duas concepções distintas acerca do conhecimento, as epistemologias construtivistas e um histórico sobre o conceito idéia. O terceiro capítulo apresenta os modos como o problema aqui enfrentado foi considerado ao longo da história moderna. No quarto capítulo, entro em campo, e apresento o relato do acompanhamento de um projeto arquitetônico. Em seguida, inicio um movimento de convergência entre a prática ali observada e o material teórico introduzido nos capítulos anteriores. No quinto capítulo, elaboro algumas leituras possíveis do relato, visando sistematizar os dados obtidos. À luz dos conceitos desenvolvidos em capítulos anteriores, o sexto capítulo critica o modo usual de se compreender a criação arquitetônica e propõe alternativas à compreensão e discussão acerca da criação em arquitetura. A conclusão apresenta os resultados da tese e lança propostas de trabalhos possibilitadas pelas novas perspectivas aqui apresentadas. / It is possible to perceive that architects have generally used two types of strategies, as antagonists operators, when concerning a discussion about doing architectural projects and yet even focusing on the discursive manner to refer to some topics of that discussion. The first concerns to a pre-figuration of an idea, which means the act of imagining it in advance. The latter relates to the pre-figuration of the method itself, planning the stages beforehand. Whereas the first strategy suggests that what is created comes firstly from an idea, the latter suggests that in order to do a project one should know how to do it and only then, he/she will be able to create. This research will address to different alternatives for creating architectural projects. Arguing those aforementioned strategies, it will be suggested new ways to understand and discuss the architectural creation. This discussion will bring forward that the attention to the contingencies, the interaction between different conditions of the architectural form itself, the approach of the architects that considers the project as a process in development - or a thing unbend in time - all of these can lead to the creation of architectural forms that are made authentically by their internal coherence, instead of the strategies that use the prefigured things and methods. In order to achieve this, the first chapter introduces the problem, the hypotheses, the object of research and the method. The second chapter situates the point of view of this research and introduces a discussion about how metaphysical propositions supports the architects on doing projects, and also some concepts as the nietzschian perspectivism, the constructivists conception of knowledge and a history of the term idea. The third chapter introduces the ways through which the problem is considered in the course of the modern history. In the chapter fourth it is shown the records about an architectural project that was observed while it was being made. From this point on, a convergence between practice and theory takes place. In the fifth Chapter some narratives are elaborated in order to systematize the records. In the light of the knowledge developed in chapters two and third, Chapter Six criticizes the usual manner to understand the architectural creation, proposing alternatives to it. Finally, the conclusion presents the results and suggests new possibilities of future inquiries supported by the new perspectives introduced by this research.
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