Orientador: Maurício Boscolo / Coorientador: Roberto da Silva / Banca: Vanildo Del Bianchi / Banca: Milla Alves Baffi / Resumo: A aceitação de bebidas destiladas deriva principalmente de pequenas concentrações de numerosos compostos flavorizantes incluindo alcoóis superiores (óleo fúsel), ésteres, aldeídos, acetais, ácidos, cetonas, lactonas, fenóis voláteis, monoterpenos e norisoprenóides. Dentro deste contexto, para a melhora da qualidade da aguardente de cana-de-açúcar faz-se necessário pesquisas em aplicações tecnológicas e biotecnológicas que visem acentuar o sabor e o aroma, além do desenvolvimento de metodologias de analítica. Assim, neste trabalho foi analisado 21 variedades de cana-de-açúcar, sendo que na variedade SP813250 foi encontrado alta concentração do aldeído 2,6-decadienal, composto de aroma desagradável na produção de bebidas destiladas, e as variedades RB855536, RB987935 e RB975952 produziu grande diversidade e quantidade de voláteis favoráveis ao aroma de bebidas alcóolicas o que leva a inferir que estas variedades possam ser melhor indicadas para a produção de aguardente de cana e além disto, foi possível constatar que maior quantidade de voláteis foram obtidos na casca e nos nódulos da planta. Após a etapa de seleção variáveis para catálise enzimática foram indicadas pelo delineamento fatorial fracionado as seguintes condições: (i) o extrato do fungo Thermoascus aurantiacus, (ii) aplicação pós-fermentação alcoólica, (iii) Brix 16°, (iv) agitação de 200 rpm. Para a fase de otimização foram variados a concentração de extrato enzimático e tempo de aplicação assim, verificou-se aumento da concentração de terpenóides e norisoprenóides como limoneno, terpineol, isoeugenol, 4-alildimetoxibenzeno, α-ionona e linalol em função do tempo de hidrólise e da concentração de β-glicosidase. Nerolidol, 2,6,10,10-tetrametil-1-oxa-espiro-(4,5)-dec-6-eno e β-damascenona tiveram aumento... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The acceptance of liquor derives primarily numerous small concentrations of flavor compounds including higher alcohols (fuel oil), esters, aldehydes, acetals, acids, ketones, lactones, phenols volatile monoterpenes and norisoprenóides. Within this context, to improve the quality of sugar cane-sugar is necessary technological research and biotechnological applications aimed accentuate the flavor and aroma, and the development of analytical methodologies. Thus, this study was analyzed 21 varieties of cane sugar, and the variety SP813250 found high concentration of aldehyde 2,6-decadienal, unpleasant aroma compound in the production of distilled spirits, and the varieties RB855536, RB987935 and RB975952 produced great diversity and quantity of volatile friendly aroma of alcohol which leads to the inference that these varieties may be better suited for the production of sugar cane and in addition, it was found that greater amounts of volatiles were obtained from the bark and nodules of the plant. After the selection stage variables for enzymatic catalysis are indicated by fractional factorial design with the following conditions: (i) the extract of the fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus, (ii) applying post-alcoholic fermentation, (iii) 16° Brix, (iv) stirring 200 rpm. For the optimization phase were varied concentration of enzyme extract and application time thus found to increase the concentration of norisoprenóides as limonene and terpenoid, terpineol, isoeugenol, 4-alildimetoxibenzeno, α-ionone and linalool as a function of hydrolysis time and the concentration of β-glucosidase. Nerolidol, 2,6,10,10-tetramethyl-1-oxa-spiro-(4,5)-dec-6-ene and β-damascenone concentration had increased proportionately enzymatic activity leading... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

A proposta desse trabalho foi avaliar meios de cultivo para produção de lipase por Penicillium roqueforti e utilizá-la na forma bruta em um processo industrial em escala de bancada de síntese de aroma de queijo, procurando, desta forma, contribuir na busca por processos biotecnológicos viáveis para síntese de aroma natural desse produto que participa da formulação de muitos produtos alimentício, o aroma de queijo. Para tanto, estudou-se a produção de lipase pelo fungo em fermentação submersa, utilizando dez diferentes meios de cultivo, na presença e na ausência de óleo de oliva. Os extratos obtidos foram avaliados quanto à atividade de lipase, protease e quantificação de biomassa. O meio denominado H+óleo induziu a maior atividade lipolítica em 96 h (7,5 U/mL) e foi, portanto, selecionado para aplicação no processo industrial em escala de bancada. A produção da enzima foi realizada utilizando o fungo Penicillium roqueforti em meio H+óleo, sendo esta denominada extrato enzimático bruto, apresentando atividade lipolítica de 10,97 U/mL e atividade específica de 2184,07 U/mg. A atividade proteolítica desse extrato foi 166,30 U/mL e seu perfil eletroforético apresentou 7 bandas proteicas de massas molares variando entre 122,2 kDa e 11,9 kDa. Após a determinação das atividades enzimáticas, este extrato enzimático bruto foi aplicado no processo na indústria através de um planejamento fatorial completo avaliando a influência da temperatura, tempo de reação e pH sobre a intensificação de sabor e odor de queijo, sendo esta determinada através de análise sensorial utilizando Teste de Comparação Múltipla, definindo como padrão o aroma produzido por este processo nas condições realizadas pela empresa. O mesmo planejamento fatorial foi aplicado para este processo avaliando uma enzima comercial. O extrato enzimático aplicado nas condições de temperatura de 50°C, tempo de reação de 24 h e pH 5,0 levou a síntese de um aroma de queijo mais intenso, sendo este o preferido pelos provadores quando avaliado juntamente com o aroma padrão da empresa e o aroma mais intenso resultante do planejamento utilizando a enzima comercial, em análise sensorial utilizando teste de preferência. Esses resultados evidenciam a potencialidade do uso desse extrato enzimático na obtenção de aroma natural de queijo. / Not avaliable.

Orientador: Waldemar Gastoni Venturini Filho / Banca: Ricardo Figueira / Banca: Vanildo Luiz Del Bianchi / Banca: Luciana Trevisan Brunelli / Banca: João Batista de Almeida e Silva / Resumo: Atualmente os cervejeiros artesanais e caseiros vêm ganhando grande destaque no mercado nacional por apresentarem cervejas diferenciadas. O movimento dos cervejeiros caseiros e artesanais engloba a liberdade de adicionar características peculiares à bebida, com auxílio de uma gama de ingredientes (temperos, frutas, xaropes, extratos) podendo agregar assim perfis sensoriais que remetem ao provador uma identidade própria de um local. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo utilizar a jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora Berg.), fruto tipicamente brasileiro, na produção de uma cerveja de baixa fermentação (lager) do tipo fruit beer (cerveja com fruta), no intuito de agregar características sensoriais desta fruta a uma das bebidas mais consumidas do mundo. Esta tese foi dividida em cinco capítulos, sendo o primeiro uma revisão bibliográfica da temática abordada e, os demais, diferentes manuscritos relacionados ao planejamento experimental e à execução da pesquisa. Os capítulos de dois a cinco referem à maneira em que o fruto foi utilizado na fabricação da cerveja. O segundo capítulo corresponde à adição de frutos inteiros congelados in natura ao mosto nas etapas de fervura, fermentação e maturação. O terceiro capítulo corresponde à adição de frutos inteiros desidratados ao mosto nas mesmas etapas anteriores. O quarto capítulo do trabalho corresponde à produção de um xarope de jabuticaba (60 °Brix) e sua adição na cerveja. Para os três capítulos citados, utilizou-se como ba... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Nowadays craft brewers and homemade brewers have been gaining a great prominence in the national market for producing different beer styles. The movement of homemade and craft breweries includes the freedom to improve the beverage characteristics, using a range of ingredients (spices, fruit, syrups, extracts), thus adding sensory profiles that reminds the taster an especific place. The objective of this work was to use jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora Berg.), a typical Brazilian fruit, in the production of a bottom fermented beer (lager), fruit beer style, in order to provide jabuticaba's features to one of the most consumed beverages in the world. This thesis is divided into five chapters. Chapter one regards a general review of the subject. Chapters two to five are manuscripts describing the way jabuticaba was used in brewing. The second chapter describes the addition of whole frozen fruits to the wort in the stages of boiling, fermentation and maturation. The third chapter describes the addition of whole dried fruits to the wort in the same previous stages. The fourth chapter of the work describes the production of a jabuticaba syrup (60 °Brix) and its addition to the beer. An American lager beer style was used as the base for producing the previous three chapters. The fifth chapter describes the production of a fruit beer, Czech lager style, with jabuticaba extract. All beers produced were physicochemical and sensory analyzed. The results of this research indicate that jabuticaba is a fruit that presents great potential for a fruit beer production; can be used by several ways during brewing; improves both physicochemical and sensory features, providing a Brazilian identity to the beverage / Doutor

A number of methods for the analysis of free amino acids in melon fruit have been evaluated experimentally. Analysis of their tBDMS derivatives by GC (gas chromatography) was found to be the most suitable for the mix of free amino acid found in the melon matrix. It affords good yields of amino acid derivatives with excellent gas chromatographic properties and characteristic mass spectra. The single-step derivatization procedure is highly reproducible and allows simultaneous analysis of asparagine and glutamine together with their corresponding acids. Changes in amino acids, sugars, the principal acids, volatiles and minerals in the free form were studied in the fruit mesocarp during development, ripening and storage of the fruits. Sucrose was the principal sugar, absent in young fruit but showing a dramatic increase during ripening while the levels of fructose and glucose remained constant during the whole course of fruit growth or slightly decreased during ripening and storage. The quantitative determination of 22 free amino acids was achieved by GC analysis using the method developed. Total aroma volatiles were determined using a headspace-gas chromatographic technique. They increased and reached a maximum value just before fruit full slip. Most of the esters characteristic of melon aroma were absent in young fruit but developed at the ripening stage. Changes in the quantities of mineral nutrients present in the fruits were determined by ICP-AES analysis. The concentrations of most elements increased thoughout the fruit development except for Ca which decreased markedly and Cu which decreased during early growth then fluctuated around lower values later in the development stage. All of the above changes can be related to the metabolic activity during fruit growth and maturation. Statistical analysis showed changes in TV, TSS, TS, pH, some free amino acids and some minerals were strongly correlated. / Master of Science (Hons)

Selected food gums (hydrocolloids) were tested for their abilities to encapsulate enzymes for acclerating cheese ripening. The effect of pH and acidity on gel strength of the gums was determined. Enzyme was entrapped in k-carrageenan, gellan gum and milk fat and incorporated into cheese milk prior to cheese making. The cheese produced was tested for protein breakdown and amino acid production during ripening and textural and sensory properties of the ripened cheese were also evaluated. The findings and significance of this study and the literature review are presented. Gels were produced from alginate. Most gels showed reduced strength after treatment in solutions of either modified acidities or pH. There was, however, no significant change in gel strength between the different treatments for most of the gums. The activity of encapsulated enzyme were also investigated. Enzymes encapsulated in k-carrageenan, gellan and alginate gums retained higher activities than the other gums studied. Enzymes entrapped in agar gels had the least retention of activity. The retention of enzyme capsules produced from gellan, k-carrageenan and milk fat in cheese curd was investigated. Loss of encapsulated enzymes in cheese whey was also determined. Enzyme loss in the whey ranged from 5.6 to 17.9% with the highest losses observed with milk fat and the least with gellan gum capsules. Most of the cheeses treated with enzyme capsules showed higher levels of amino acid within two weeks than control cheese. After two weeks, all experimental cheeses showed higher production of amino acids than the control cheese. The addition of enzyme capsule to cheese did lead to a higher growth level of microorganisms. The experimental cheese exhibited lower score than the control cheese for most textural properties. The experimental cheeses were not significantly different in flavour and aroma from the control cheese. K-carrageenan treated cheeses were recorded as having the highest score for bitter after taste. Except for those cheeses treated with k-carrageenan capsules, the overall acceptability for the trial cheeses were not significantly different from that of 6 month old untreated cheese. / Master of Science (Hons)

Vineyards in New Zealand suffer bird damage caused by several avian species, including blackbirds and silvereyes. The introduced European Blackbird takes whole grapes which reduces yield. The self-introduced Australasian Silvereye pecks on grapes, leaving them on the vine to be further attacked by fungi and bacteria, and the subsequent off-odours can cause grapes to be refused by the winery or to suffer a price-reduction. Bird control methods remain primitive and largely ineffective during the long ripening period of wine grapes. An ecologically sound method to manage and reduce bird pressure requires deeper understanding of why some birds eat grapes, especially since grapes are not particularly nutritious. This work investigated the extent to which blackbirds and silvereyes are attracted by various compounds in ripening grapes. Since in natural grapes these compounds develop and change simultaneously, I developed an artificial grape in which a single parameter could be investigated. Artificial grapes (and sometimes nectar) were presented on a bird feeder table and the responses of birds to hexose sugars, the aromas 2-3-isobutylmethoxypyrazine and geraniol, tartaric and malic acids, grape tannins, and purple and green colour were recorded on timelapse video and analysed.

No description available.

Les fermentacions a baixes temperatures (13ºC o inferiors) són interessants en l'elaboració de vins blancs i rosats, ja que augmenten la retenció i la producció dels aromes, i per tant la qualitat del producte final. Però aquestes baixes temperatures també tenen certs desavantatges, com una disminució en la velocitat de consum de sucres, obtenint fermentacions més llargues i amb risc de parades.Per intentar millorar el procés fermentatiu i la qualitat del producte final es van fixar els següents objectius:- L'estudi del metabolisme del llevat a baixes temperatures de fermentació (13ºC), i la seva influència en aspectes com la cinètica fermentativa, el creixement dels llevats; el metabolisme lipídic; la producció dels aromes, i la expressió gènica global del llevat.- El coneixement del metabolisme nitrogenat del llevat en la fermentació alcohòlica, així com en les addicions de nitrogen realitzades a diferents moments de la fermentació.Els resultats obtinguts mostren que les baixes temperatures, a part d'augmentar la durada de fermentació, augmenten la viabilitat dels llevats al llarg del procés, provoquen canvis en la composició lipídica, augmentant la fluïdesa de la membrana, i milloren la composició aromàtica del vi, incrementant la producció d'aromes beneficiosos i disminuint-ne la de compostos perjudicials pel la qualitat vi final.Amb l'objectiu d'identificar els mecanismes moleculars que causen aquests canvis metabòlics a baixes temperatures, vam utilitzar la tècnica de "chips de DNA" o "microarrays" per comparar l'expressió global dels gens del llevat fermentant a 13ºC i fermentant a 25ºC. En general, aquest anàlisis de l'expressió global del llevat dut a terme per primer cop en condicions industrials rebel·la importants canvis en la expressió d'alguns gens tant al llarg de la fermentació com entre les dos temperatures. La fermentació a 13ºC presenta l'avantatge d'induir una ràpida resposta al estrès que podria aportar més resistència al llevat al llarg de la fermentació, i per això augmentar-ne la seva viabilitat. En l'estudi del metabolisme nitrogenat del llevat al llarg de la fermentació, vam observar que en la fermentació alcohòlica les cèl·lules evolucionen d'una situació de repressió per nitrogen al començament de la fermentació, quan hi ha compostos nitrogenats en el medi, a una situació de de-repressió quan el nitrogen ha estat consumit pel llevat. Aquestes situacions de repressió/de-repressió determinen el perfil de consum de l'amoni i dels aminoàcids, els quals determinen a la vegada la producció d'alguns compostos aromàtics. La repressió dels gens de les permeases GAP1 i MEP2, la baixa activitat arginasa o la inhibició en la captació de l'arginina, poden ser considerats bons marcadors de Repressió Catabòlica per Nitrogen (NCR). L'addició de nitrogen és una pràctica habitual en bodega per evitar problemes fermentatius. Els nostres estudis demostren que el moment de dur a terme aquesta addició condiciona no només la cinètica fermentativa i el creixement del llevat, sinó també el perfil de consum d'amoni i aminoàcids, i la producció de compostos secundaris. L'assimilació de nitrogen per part dels llevats també depèn de la temperatura de fermentació, la qual determina tant la qualitat com la quantitat dels requeriments nitrogenats dels llevats. A baixa temperatura de fermentació, l'amoni i la glutamina són menys consumits, mentre que els aminoàcids regulats per NCR ho són més.Aquesta tesi és una aproximació global al comportament del llevat a baixes temperatures i al metabolisme nitrogenat, i ens obra moltes possibilitats d'estudi, punts on s'hauria d'aprofundir per un millor coneixement i millora d'aquestes fermentacions. / Wines produced at low temperatures (10-15ºC) are known to develop certain characteristics of taste and aroma, not only related to primary aroma retention. However, low temperature fermentations have also some disadvantages that comprise an increase of the duration of the process and a higher risk of stuck and sluggish fermentation.In order to improve the fermentation performance and the quality of wine, we established the following objectives: - The study of wine yeast metabolism at low temperature fermentation (13ºC), and its influence in aspects as the fermentation kinetic, the yeast growth, the yeast lipid metabolism, the production of aromatic compounds, and the global yeast gene expression.- The study of nitrogen metabolism of yeast in alcoholic fermentation, as well as the study of nitrogen supplementations at different points of the fermentation.Our results showed that low temperatures increased the length of fermentation, the yeast viability along the process, but also modified the lipid composition of yeast cells, increasing the membrane fluidity, and improved the aromatic composition of the wine, increasing the flavour-active compounds and decreasing the unpleasant ones such as acetic acid and fusel alcohols. To identify the molecular mechanism that causes these changes in aroma profiles and to verify that 13°C-fermentation does not hinder other cellular properties, we compared the expression programs during wine fermentation at 13ºC and 25°C (using Microarrays technology), and tentatively correlated the differential genes expression with changes in intracellular lipid content, and in the production of flavour-active metabolitesThis genome-wide analysis carried out for the first time with a commercial yeast strain under true industrial conditions revealed many major differential genes expression both during the course of the wine fermentation and between two fermentation temperatures. With respect to industrial output, wine fermentation conducted at 13°C presents the advantage to induce an early cold stress response that apparently does not penalize the wine fermentation process, further than the longest fermentation length. In the study of the nitrogen metabolism of yeast along the fermentation we observed that in wine fermentations the cells evolve from a nitrogen-repressed situation at the beginning of the process to a nitrogen-derepressed situation as the nitrogen is consumed. These nitrogen-repressed/derepressed conditions determined the different patterns of ammonium and amino acid consumption. Arginine and alanine were hardly used under the repressed conditions, while the uptake of branched-chain and aromatic amino acids increased. The repression of GAP1 and MEP2 genes in the cells, low arginase activity or inhibition of arginine uptake could be considered as a good Nitrogen Catabolite Repression markers. Winemakers systematically supplement grape musts with diammonium phosphate to prevent nitrogen-related fermentation problems. The timing of the nitrogen additions influenced the biomass yield, the fermentation performance, the patterns of ammonium and amino acid consumption, and the production of secondary metabolites. These nitrogen additions induced a nitrogen-repressed situation in the cells, and this situation determined which nitrogen sources were selected. Nitrogen assimilation also depends on fermentation temperature. Fermentation temperature is an important factor determining utilization of nitrogen sources during fermentation of grape juice, and influences the quantity and the quality of nitrogen requirement. Ammonium and glutamine, the preferred source for biomass production, are less consumed at low temperature. Likewise amino acids that are only taken up under derepressed conditions (arginine, alanine, asparagine, etc.) are more consumed at low temperature.The information provided by this thesis represents a starting point for deciphering the regulatory circuits during wine fermentation, overall at low temperature, and should help us to understand the properties of wine yeasts. Our results open up a lot of interesting perspectives that will further our knowledge of wine yeast metabolism during wine fermentations.

This study was concerned with the recovery of aroma compounds from aqueous solutions by pervaporation using poly(ether-block-amide) (PEBA) membranes. Three model aroma compounds (i.e., propyl propionate, C6-aldehyde and benzaldehyde) were used in the study to represent ester, aldehyde and aromatic aroma compounds, respectively. The effects of process conditions (i.e., feed concentration and operating temperature) on the pervaporation performance (in terms of permeation flux and selectivity) for aroma-water separations were investigated. It was found that both the aroma permeation flux and the selectivity were affected significantly by the feed aroma concentration. The aroma permeability was in the order of propyl propionate > C6-aldehyde > benzaldehyde, and the membrane selectivity for aroma/water separation followed the order of C6-aldehyde > propyl propionate > benzaldehyde. In general, the aroma flux was found to be proportional to the aroma compound concentration in the solution. In the concentration range (390-3,200 ppm) tested, the effect of temperature on the permeation flux followed an Arrhenius type of relation. The solubility and diffusivity of the aroma compounds in PEBA membrane, which determine their permeabilities through the membrane, were determined from the pervaporation and sorption/desorption data. It was shown that the solubility of the aroma compounds in the PEBA membrane generally followed the Henry’s law where the sorption uptake was proportional to the feed aroma concentration. Among the three aroma compounds studied, benzaldehyde was found to have the highest solubility selectivity in the PEBA membrane, followed by C6-aldehyde and propyl propionate. The solubilities of pure propyl propionate and water in PEBA membrane were also estimated; the solubility of pure propyl propionate was around 130 times higher than that of pure water. This confirmed that PEBA was an excellent organophilic membrane. The diffusivity of the aroma compounds through PEBA membrane was affected by the feed aroma concentration. From steady state pervaporation and equilibrium sorption data, the diffusivity was calculated on the basis of solution-diffusion model, and the diffusivity was shown to be linearly dependent on the feed aroma concentration. On the other hand, from the sorption kinetics data obtained from the time-dependent sorption experiments, the diffusivity was shown to be affected by the feed aroma concentration exponentially. The main reason may be that the simple form of the solution-diffusion model is unable to precisely describe the mass transport through the membrane during pervaporation. As an alternative to pervaporation where the liquid feed is in contact with the membrane and the mass transport involves permeation and evaporation (thus the word “pervaporation”), evaporation-permeation (or evapermeation, where the feed liquid is not in direct contact with the membrane and the mass transfer involves evaporation and then permeation) was also studied for aroma compound separation from water. It was shown that evapermeation was no better than pervaporation in terms of permeation flux and selectivity. This again demonstrated that the state of the membrane and the location for liquid-vapor phase change were important to the mass transport through the membrane. For aroma recovery from dilute aqueous solutions, batch pervaporation is often preferred. Batch pervaporation coupled with permeate decantation and water phase recycle was studied parametrically. It was demonstrated that compared to the conventional pervaporation, the aroma recovery can be enhanced by recycling the water phase from the permeate decanter to the feed for further recovery. In addition, unlike the conventional batch operation where the product concentration starts to decrease beyond certain time, the modified batch pervaporation allows a longer period of operation without compromising the product purity.

This study was concerned with the recovery of aroma compounds from aqueous solutions by pervaporation using poly(ether-block-amide) (PEBA) membranes. Three model aroma compounds (i.e., propyl propionate, C6-aldehyde and benzaldehyde) were used in the study to represent ester, aldehyde and aromatic aroma compounds, respectively. The effects of process conditions (i.e., feed concentration and operating temperature) on the pervaporation performance (in terms of permeation flux and selectivity) for aroma-water separations were investigated. It was found that both the aroma permeation flux and the selectivity were affected significantly by the feed aroma concentration. The aroma permeability was in the order of propyl propionate > C6-aldehyde > benzaldehyde, and the membrane selectivity for aroma/water separation followed the order of C6-aldehyde > propyl propionate > benzaldehyde. In general, the aroma flux was found to be proportional to the aroma compound concentration in the solution. In the concentration range (390-3,200 ppm) tested, the effect of temperature on the permeation flux followed an Arrhenius type of relation. The solubility and diffusivity of the aroma compounds in PEBA membrane, which determine their permeabilities through the membrane, were determined from the pervaporation and sorption/desorption data. It was shown that the solubility of the aroma compounds in the PEBA membrane generally followed the Henry’s law where the sorption uptake was proportional to the feed aroma concentration. Among the three aroma compounds studied, benzaldehyde was found to have the highest solubility selectivity in the PEBA membrane, followed by C6-aldehyde and propyl propionate. The solubilities of pure propyl propionate and water in PEBA membrane were also estimated; the solubility of pure propyl propionate was around 130 times higher than that of pure water. This confirmed that PEBA was an excellent organophilic membrane. The diffusivity of the aroma compounds through PEBA membrane was affected by the feed aroma concentration. From steady state pervaporation and equilibrium sorption data, the diffusivity was calculated on the basis of solution-diffusion model, and the diffusivity was shown to be linearly dependent on the feed aroma concentration. On the other hand, from the sorption kinetics data obtained from the time-dependent sorption experiments, the diffusivity was shown to be affected by the feed aroma concentration exponentially. The main reason may be that the simple form of the solution-diffusion model is unable to precisely describe the mass transport through the membrane during pervaporation. As an alternative to pervaporation where the liquid feed is in contact with the membrane and the mass transport involves permeation and evaporation (thus the word “pervaporation”), evaporation-permeation (or evapermeation, where the feed liquid is not in direct contact with the membrane and the mass transfer involves evaporation and then permeation) was also studied for aroma compound separation from water. It was shown that evapermeation was no better than pervaporation in terms of permeation flux and selectivity. This again demonstrated that the state of the membrane and the location for liquid-vapor phase change were important to the mass transport through the membrane. For aroma recovery from dilute aqueous solutions, batch pervaporation is often preferred. Batch pervaporation coupled with permeate decantation and water phase recycle was studied parametrically. It was demonstrated that compared to the conventional pervaporation, the aroma recovery can be enhanced by recycling the water phase from the permeate decanter to the feed for further recovery. In addition, unlike the conventional batch operation where the product concentration starts to decrease beyond certain time, the modified batch pervaporation allows a longer period of operation without compromising the product purity.