The problem of this study is whether between-channel redundancy in an instructional audio-visual message enhances immediate recall of information more than within—channel redundancy. A secondary purpose was to compare three forms of between—channel redundancy! audio—video, audio—video—caption, and audio-caption with one form of within-channel redundancy: video-caption. These comparisons were designed to demonstrate which form of redundancy had a higher association with recall of information. The subjects were administered the Kentucky Comprehensive Listening Inventory to measure listening skills, and the Receiver Apprehension Inventory to identify subjects who experienced significantly high apprehension as receivers of information. Then the subjects were randomly divided into four treatment groups and shown an eight minute newscast. All four groups were presented the same instructional message, but the mode of presentation differed depending upon the treatment group. After viewing the instructional program each member of each group was given a forty item multiple-choice retention inventory based on the information presented in the newscast. The data were presented in terms of correct responses on the Kentucky Comprehensive Listening Inventory and the forty item retention inventory. Discriminate analysis was used to determine which items from the multiple-choice retention inventory accounted for the most variance. Thirteen items were found to account for the greatest amount of variance. Reliability estimates were calculated for all four story categories and for the forty items collectively. All reliability estimates were acceptable.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-02-06T13:05:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Medeiros Priuli.pdf: 3201619 bytes, checksum: 2cb7e0e571227f150f388894cd8e4da1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-06T13:05:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Medeiros Priuli.pdf: 3201619 bytes, checksum: 2cb7e0e571227f150f388894cd8e4da1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present research aims at describing and interpreting a phenomenon of human experience understood as the process of transposition according to the conception of Field (2001), that is, an adaptation of the lesson for educational video from the perspective of the language teachers in formation. The focus of this study was experienced in the context of an extension course developed at a private university located in the eastern zone of São Paulo, targeting students from the first semester of the Language and Literature course. The course has as central theme the audiovisual language as an essential element for the technological and multilearning training of language teachers who are still undergraduate students. Audiovisual language is increasingly emerging in the education universe, mainly in the production of digital materials and resources for hybrid contexts and online teaching. Thus, it becomes relevant to study how the processes of transposition of the lesson to the educational video occur in the perspective of teacher-students of Letters who can act in new teaching scenarios and who need to have a qualification that will instrumentalize them to act in a empowered way Having as an interpretive material the textual record of the experiences lived in the course, this research was drawn from a qualitative research approach in the context of Applied Linguistics, denominated as Complex Hermeneutic-Phenomenological Approach (Freire 2010,2012,2017) that allows understand the phenomena of human experience from the textualization and routines of text interpretation. Based on the theoretical references of the area of complexity (Morin 2014a, 2015), and of audiovisual language, cinema, screenplay and pedagogy of the audiovisual (Wohlgemuth 2005), the findings allow reflections and discussions about the technological formation of teachers as autonomous subjects in the educational process in new teaching and teaching scenarios as suggested by Libâneo (2011), so that not only does it present an evident deficiency in the curriculum, but also possibility of technological qualification in face of the new challenges of teaching in the current scenarios of the educational universe that demand new knowledge / A presente pesquisa objetiva descrever e interpretar um fenômeno experiência humana compreendido como o processo de transposição1 na concepção de Field (2001), ou seja, uma adaptação da aula para videoaula na perspectiva dos professores de línguas em formação. A experiência foco deste estudo foi vivenciada no contexto de um curso de extensão desenvolvido numa universidade privada situada na zona leste de São Paulo, tendo como público alvo estudantes do primeiro semestre do curso de Letras. O curso teve como tema central a linguagem audiovisual como elemento essencial para a formação tecnológica e de multiletramento dos professores de línguas que ainda estão cursando uma licenciatura em Letras. A linguagem audiovisual é cada vez mais emergente no universo da educação, principalmente, na produção de materiais e de recursos digitais para contextos híbridos e online de ensino. Assim, torna-se relevante o estudo de como ocorrem os processos de transposição da aula para a videoaula na perspectiva dos professores-alunos que poderão atuar em novos cenários de ensino e que precisam ter uma formação que os instrumentalize para que atuem de forma empoderada. Tendo como material de interpretação o registro textualizado das experiências vivenciadas no curso, esta pesquisa desenhou-se a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa no contexto da Linguística Aplicada, denominada Abordagem Hermenêutico-Fenomenológica Complexa (Freire 2010,2012,2017) que permite compreender os fenômenos da experiência humana a partir da textualização e de rotinas de interpretação de textos. Fundamentando-se nos referenciais teóricos da área da complexidade (Morin, 2014a, 2015), e de linguagem audiovisual, cinema, roteiro e pedagogia do audiovisual (Wohlgemuth 2005), as descobertas realizadas permitem suscitar reflexões e discussões sobre a formação tecnológica de professores como sujeitos autônomos no processo educativo em novos cenários de docência e de ensino como sugere Libâneo (2011), de modo que não apenas apresente uma deficiência evidente no currículo, mas também proporcione uma possibilidade de formação tecnológica frente aos novos desafios da docência nos cenários atuais do universo educacional que demandam novos saberes

University of Macau / Faculty of Education

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1996. / Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Frank L. Smith. Dissertation Committee: Jeanette E. Fleischer. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-130).

M.Ed. (Media Studies) / The subject mathematics is for one reason or another regarded as a necessary prerequisite for various job directions by many countries (Del;we, 1988:1). This subject is also valuable as preparation for the contingency that the child in future may take up an occupation requiring knowledge of the subject in question (Young, 1927:14). What matters most is that·a large number of pupils fail mathematics every year in their examination in primary and secondary schools. This is a clear indication that there are problems in the teaching and learning of mathematics which need special attention. Mathematics is a sequential learning subject (Larcombe, 1985:12). By this is meant that new learning content cannot be grasped unless there is insight into and understanding of the previous learning content. This is true because the growth of mathematical understanding develops step by· step with each forward move depending upon the consolidation of previous experience. In the light of the evidence that primary school children are in the concrete reasoning state, most mathematics educators believe that it is desirable to use large amounts of manipulative materials with young children. The understanding of the nature of mathematics is more important in teaching, as the teaching of the subject is influenced and determined by the teacher's understanding of the nature of the subject. The theory, most prevalent among teachers is that mathematics affords the best training for the reasoning powers, and this is its traditional form (Young, 1927:15).

No description available.

These learning strategies have presented a theoretical framework for applying brain-based learning to EFL teaching. The model is based on the holistic principles of brain based learning rather than memorization of skills and knowledge as has been previously employed in EFL instruction.

Although many science educators and researchers believe that emotion is an important part of the learning process, few researchers have dealt with the topic in a systematic fashion. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of emotion in the learning process, particularly in the learning of science content. My study utilized a dimensional perspective which defined emotion in terms of arousal and valence, and drew on research from the fields of psychology and neuroscience to examine how emotion affects different aspects of cognition such as attention and memory. On the basis of these findings, I developed and tested a path model to investigate the predicted relationships among emotional arousal, valence, attention, intrinsic motivation and short- and long-term learning outcomes. I conducted the study in two phases. The first phase took place in a psychology laboratory in which participants watched either an exciting or neutral nature video, read a factual article related to the video and were tested on their learning. The second phase took place at the Oregon Coast Aquarium in which participants watched a narrated otter or sea lion presentation and took a short posttest after the show. In both phases, participants' emotional arousal, valence, attention, and motivation levels were also measured for inclusion in the model. The results indicated that emotional arousal was an important predictor of short-term learning in both experiments although its effect was fully mediated by attention at the aquarium. In addition, negative valence (displeasure) and intrinsic motivation were strong predictors of short-term learning in the laboratory experiment. At the aquarium, the narrator of the animal presentation strongly affected both attention and short-term learning—visitors who listened to a non-scripted rather than a scripted narration paid more attention and had significantly better short-term learning outcomes. In the aquarium study, emotional arousal correlated strongly with several measures of long-term learning. In particular, those who felt more arousal during the animal presentation were able to describe their experience at greater length and with more detail and complexity two to three months after their visit. My findings suggest that emotional arousal is an important component of science learning both directly and through its relationship with attention. Therefore, science educators in both informal and formal learning institutions may be able to increase both attention and learning outcomes by designing emotionally arousing learning experiences around the science content they wish to teach. In addition, the importance of narrator quality in the aquarium study suggests that narrators and teachers should be trained to deliver information in such a way that supports short- and long-term science learning. / Graduation date: 2012

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Acompanha: Epidemias na escola? Só em filmes: possibilidades de contaminação na aprendizagem significativa / Essa pesquisa surgiu da busca por uma metodologia de ensino que valorizasse o conhecimento científico com o uso de um recurso pedagógico atrativo - filmes comerciais -, que motivasse a aprendizagem significativa. Para tanto, apresenta uma análise de como os estudantes estabelecem relações do conhecimento científico com as imagens fílmicas e as possibilidades de contextualização acerca do tema “epidemia”. A metodologia de pesquisa envolve uma abordagem qualitativa, com alguns dados quantitativos das impressões dos estudantes em relação aos filmes de modo geral e sobre eles e a aprendizagem. Na pesquisa qualitativa, utilizou-se a categorização segundo Bardin (2011), para organizar as unidades contextuais produzidas pelos estudantes nas atividades educativas, e fazer a análise com base nos pressupostos da Teoria de Ausubel (2003) e Ausubel, Novak e Hanesian (1980). A partir da exibição do filme intitulado “Contágio”, utilizado como organizador prévio, buscou-se, nas dúvidas apresentadas pelos estudantes, identificar os conhecimentos prévios sobre o assunto. Por meio dessas dúvidas emergiram os subtemas, que foram categorizados em: epidemia, agente causador, incubação, transmissão, sintomas, prevenção e imunidade. Essas categorias serviram de elementos para a análise de indícios de aprendizagem levando a concluir que as narrativas fílmicas ajudam na formação de pontes cognitivas colaborando com a aprendizagem subordinada derivativa e correlativa, diferenciação progressiva e reconciliação integrativa, promovendo a assimilação e a retenção dos conhecimentos científicos. No referencial teórico utilizado para investigar os filmes como recurso pedagógicos é apresentado as considerações dos autores Rosália Duarte , Milton Almeida, Maria da Graça Setton, Marcos Napolitano, José Manuel Moran, entre outros. Como produto dessa pesquisa, elaborou-se um guia com outras propostas pedagógicas possíveis de trabalhar o tema “epidemia” utilizando filmes comerciais como organizadores prévios e para contextualização. O guia também apresenta uma linha do tempo sobre cinema e educação e um catálogo com filmes e seriados abordam o tema “epidemia”. / This research arose when searching for a teaching methodology that would value scientific knowledge with the use of an alluring pedagogical resource – commercial movies – to encourage meaningful learning. To this end, it provides an analysis of how students establish relations of scientific knowledge with movie images, and the possibilities of contextualization on the topic of “epidemics”. The research methodology comprehends a qualitative approach, including some quantitative data of the students’ impressions regarding movies in general, and about the movies and learning. The categorization according to Bardin (2011) was used in the qualitative research to organize the contextual units produced by the students in the educational activities, and to conduct an analysis based on the assumptions of Ausubel’s Theory (2003) and Ausubel, Novak and Hanesian’s Theory (1980). From the showing of the movie entitled “Contagion”, used as an advance organizer, we tried to identify prior knowledge on the subject through questions raised by the students. Those same questions brought up the subtopics, categorized as epidemics, causative agent, incubation, transmission, symptoms, prevention and immunity. These categories served as elements for the analysis of learning evidence, leading to the conclusion that movie narratives help in the creation of cognitive bridges while contributing to derivative and correlative subordinate learning, progressive differentiation and integrative reconciliation, as well as promoting assimilation and retention of scientific knowledge. The theoretical background used to investigate the movies as a pedagogical resource presents the considerations of authors such as Rosália Duarte, Milton Almeida, Maria da Graça Setton, Marcos Napolitano, José Manuel Moran, among others. As a product of this research, a guide with other pedagogical proposals that make it possible to work with the topic of “epidemics” was developed by using commercial movies as advance organizers and for contextualization. The guide also shows a timeline of cinema and education, as well as a catalog with movies and series that deal with the topic of “epidemics”.