The purpose of this study was threefold: (1) to write a narrative account of the meaning, objectives, and functions of -auditorium work in public schools and to note the importance of providing for pupil participation in auditorium classes, and recommended practices in planning for and presenting programs in this phase of the educational situation; (2) to develop in detail the practices, procedures, and techniques contained in printed and mimeographed materials distributed by the Board of Education to auditorium teachers to serve as guides in conducting auditorium work in the elementary schools of Dallas, Texas; and (3) to evaluate these instructional materials in the light of modern practices, procedures, and techniques advocated by authorities in the field of auditorium work. As an outgrowth of these three phases of the study, it was believed that certain conclusions might be evident as to the efficacy of the auditorium work in the elementary schools of Dallas in so far as it could be determined by a careful examination of materials prepared for the use of auditorium teachers in conducting their classes. It was believed, also, that it might be possible to make recommendations for the improvement of auditorium work in the elementary schools of Dallas in the light of the instructional materials now used by auditorium teachers as compared to modern conceptions of auditorium advanced by authorities in the field.

Maintaining IAQ (Internal Air Quality) and thermal comfort of occupants in buildings have been a challenge to overcome satisfying the two ends: criteria for sustainability and cost effectiveness. Although there was a movement for mechanical ventilation systems in the recent past, in addition to the cost involved, they are found to not deliver the desired air quality, lead to social consequences such as sick building syndrome, contribute to environmental consequences related to ozone-depleting substances with increasing energy consumption, generate noise and having difficulties in cleaning and maintaining. These consequences compelled research on natural ventilation systems, which were used in ancient buildings. Although it has been found that natural ventilation of buildings can become a substantial architectural design tool that leads to “breathing architecture,” fluctuations in indoor temperature and air quality makes depending entirely on natural ventilation less effective. The combination of natural and mechanical ventilation, the hybrid ventilation or mixed-mode ventilation, systems utilizes advantages and eliminates drawbacks from both mechanical and entirely dependent natural ventilation systems. Hybrid ventilation systems, which have been utilized in historical buildings, with less investment cost and reduction of energy usage have been found to be a solution to provide acceptable standards of IAQ and thermal comfort through natural air circulation in buildings. This research study was carried out to verify the effectiveness of a hybrid ventilation system in an auditorium built around 60 years back for its effectiveness as a provider of thermal comfort to its occupants. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) modeling was carried out on a Finite Element (FE) model owing to its capability of offering a wide range of flexible analytical solutions, lower realization time and comparative cost effectiveness to experimental methods of modeling. This verification of the system has revealed that hybrid ventilation systems could provide effective thermal comfort in buildings designed specifically to allow circulation of air through the system. The results of the study were in agreement with measured data and the expected flow of air through the building when the thermal load due to metabolism of occupants was not included in the analysis. In addition, the expected results complied with similar studies on natural/hybrid ventilation systems. With the addition of the thermal load, as a uniform heat flux from the flow of the auditorium, it was observed that the conditioning of the air throughout the space was better than the without thermal load scenario. In the case modeling people as cylinders, with a convective heat flux, it was observed that the air flow direction changes and the seating level of the auditorium do not get sufficient air flow to maintain a comfortable air quality.  Ineffective simulation of the inlet louver was assumed to be the primary reason for this scenario and other reasons such as the seating arrangement modeling too could have effects on the result. As conclusions of the study it was found that the whole building system properties have to be selected, as the control component to produce operating commands, to circulate air through the building in accordance with the air flow: both velocity and patterns, required to maintain thermal comfort of all occupants. Air inflow could be through windows as acquisition components to collect indoor and outdoor climatic parameters and air outflow could be mechanically controlled through exhausted fans turning on or off as the operating component in the system. The result of the study ensures the method of solutions through CFD to be utilized to provide effective and less costly path to verify systems such as natural or hybrid air flow systems through buildings.  The whole system studied could be applied with suitable contextual modifications to any new location, with similar cost effective modeling, to produce less fuel consuming building systems leading to sustainability of built environment.

Thesis (PH. D.)--Louisiana State University, 1962. / Vita. Includes abstract.

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Nowadays, the world is facing an ocean of social problems and different types of oppressions and systemic inequality from east Asia all the way to North America can be found regarding this issue. With pointing social oppression out, a long list of groups of people is considered including immigrants, religious people, LGBTQ, black society, native Americans, Latinos and etc. as well as the difficulty of relationship between these people with other groups. Many of these problems are the outcomes of the government behavior and written laws in the country's constitution which caused an inequality in society and daily life. Having said that, one of the most important questions is "what is the role of architecture here or what more can architecture do to solve any of those social problems?" In fact, the role of the governments is determinative and some of the social problems should be solved by the government, but architecture, in many different programs, could educate people to learn more about each other which in this case, in society scale, lots of social inequalities would be mitigated. While looking at several studies about social oppression and learning more about different types of groups in society, I decided to narrow down the strata to find an appropriate audience for my thesis project. In my opinion, one of the most interesting group of people in every society all around the world is women. My main focus in this research is to discuss more about women's future in society and argue political issues that women are facing nowadays. According to the rich history of the National Organization for Women (NOW) and the wide range of activities that this organization has done for women's rights, I decided to choose NOW as my case study to re-imagine a new Headquarter at the middle of the Washington D.C in a very fast growing Navy Yard neighborhood at the intersection of the M Street SE which is main corridor of this neighborhood and New Jersey Avenue SE which is a direct way to the U.S. Capitol Building . To sum up, my goal in this project is to bring architecture to help the oldest women's organization in the U.S. in a new decade of politics for women. / Master of Architecture / All around the world people must deal with social problems and systemic inequality issues. Women as the most vulnerable and valuable group of people in the world we live are the main audience for this thesis project. This study focuses on discussing more about the women's future in society regarding political issues that they are facing nowadays, also it emphasizes the role of architecture in solving any of these social problems. This project is about designing a new headquarters for the National Organization for Women (NOW), currently located in Washington D.C, as the main case study to help the oldest women's organization in the U.S. in a new decade of politics for women. The outcome of developing this research is to send a greater symbolic message about the women's future, a symbol that represents efforts and movements. In a way of educating people about future politics or trying to get the people together, hosting some of the most important conferences in the country, and making a platform to identify different cultures, this project is going to be a new landmark of the neighborhood.

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operahus

A countryside with strong cohesion and good communications. A population with a strong commitment and willingness to develop together. A school in the absence of premises for practical subjects, a society in the absence of space for association life. A community forgotten by the municipality without investments and that are forced to go west and east to complete their lives. Gillberga Activity House is a gathering place for the whole village. The location at Gillberga School maximizes the opportunities for utilization of the building during all hours of the day. The majority of the activity rooms can be used by both students and the general public. Gillberga also gets excellent premises for a leisure center that finally gives young people something attractive to do outside of school hours. In the house we find halls for crafts, home and consumer studies and music which during the day become teaching rooms. The music hall can also be opened up to the school yard and used for concerts and school graduations. One level down, the flexible auditorium can be used for both cinema and theater as well as school graduations, music performances and as a public gathering place. The library is both a school and a public library and its meeting and conference rooms are free to use by Gillberg residents. Gillberga Activity House has the youth in focus at the same time as it connects generations in a long-awaited people's house. / En landsbygd med stark sammanhållning och bra kommunikationer. En befolkning med starkt engagemang och vilja att utvecklas tillsammans. En skola i brist på lokaler för praktiska ämnen, ett samhälle i brist på utrymmen för föreningsliv. Ett av kommunen bortglömt community utan satsningar som tvingas slussas västerut och österut för att komplettera sina liv. Gillberga aktivitetshus är en samlingsplats för hela byn. Placeringen på skolområdet vid Gillberga skola maximerar möjligheterna för utnyttjande av byggnaden under dagens alla timmar. Majoriteten av aktivitetslokalerna kan användas av såväl elever som allmänheten. Gillberga får dessutom utmärkta lokaler för en fritidsgård som äntligen ger ungdomarna något attraktivt att göra utanför skoltid. I huset finner vi slöjdsal, hemkunskapssal och musikrum som under dagtid blir undervisningslokaler. Musikrummet kan även öppnas upp mot skolans innergård och användas vid konserter och skolavslutningar. Ett plan ner kan den flexibla biosalongen användas för såväl bio och teater som skolavslutningar, musikframträdanden och som allmän samlingsplats. Biblioteket är såväl ett skol- som ett folkbibliotek och dess mötes- och konferensrum går fritt att använda av Gillbergaborna. Gillberga Aktivitetshus har ungdomen i fokus samtidigt som det knyter samman generationer i ett efterlängtad folkets hus.

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