Este trabalho explora o uso da Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS) como ferramenta de grande valor, aquela que perpassa pelas mais variadas disciplinas, como protagonista do estudo em alguns casos, como coadjuvante em outros. Para a Ciência da Informação, a ARS vem sendo empregada em estudos bibliométricos, procurando responder a questionamentos que intrigam pesquisadores da área ou de outros segmentos do conhecimento. Assim, a ARS ocupa seu espaço como o objeto principal dos estudos, enfatizando-a como ferramenta e, também, pelo seu uso direto em pesquisas nas quais aparece, frequentemente em conjunto com a estatística. Dessa forma, a ARS é empregada, pensando em Ciência da Informação, em ambos os papéis: como protagonista, nas frentes que abordam sua história, seus métodos e suas métricas, e, como coadjuvante, contribuindo na análise de redes de coautoria através de suas métricas de centralidade, mostrando a fluência das informações, determinando a posição de autores com relação à colaboração e seus comportamentos em rede para áreas como a Ciência da Informação, a Educação e a Sociologia. Os gráficos e tabelas foram elaborados com o apoio dos programas Microsoft Excel e, fundamentalmente para as redes de interesse, o programa de uso livre Pajek. Este último, alimentado por programas em VBScript, possibilitou, através de seus recursos de geração de imagens representativas das redes, a confecção dos gráficos e o cálculo dos indicadores para cada uma das três redes. Para a obtenção dos dados de entrada, foram utilizados os mecanismos de busca pela expressão \"Social Networks\" nas bases ASSIA (Sociologia), ERIC (Educação) e LISA (Ciência da Informação) e, com o uso de seus mecanismos internos, a massa foi exportada e empregada como exemplo de bases viabilizando a aplicação e verificação da metodologia proposta nos moldes dos estudos realizados. / This dissertation explores the use of Social Network Analysis (SNA) as a valuable tool, which runs through the most varied disciplines, as a protagonist in same study cases, as an adjunct in other cases. For the Information Science, the SNA has been used in bibliometric studies, trying to answer questions that intrigue researchers in this field or other segments of knowledge. So, the SNA occupies its place as the main object of the studies, emphasizing it as a tool and also for its direct use in researches in which it appears, often in conjunction with the statistics. Thus, the SNA is used, concerning the Information Science, in both roles: as the protagonist, foremost addressing its history, its methods and metrics, and, as an adjunct, contributing for the analysis of networks of co-authorship through its centrality metrics, showing the flow of information, determining the position of the authors, related to their collaboration and their behaviors on the network, for areas of study such as Information Science, Education and Sociology. The graphs and charts were elaborated with the support of Microsoft Excel program and, fundamentally to the networks of interest, the program of free use called Pajek. The latter, powered by VBScript programs, enabled, through its resources of generating representative network images, the elaboration of the graphs and the calculation of the indicators for each one of the three networks. To obtain the input data, search engines were used by the expression \"Social Networks\" in ASSIA (Sociology), ERIC (Education) and LISA (Information Science) bases and, using its internal mechanisms, the mass was exported and used as an example of bases enabling the application and verification of the proposed methodology along the lines of the studies.

Orientador: Hilda Carvalho de Oliveira / Banca: Eugenio Maria de França Ramos / Banca: Klaus Schlünzen Junior / Resumo: A construção de Objetos de Aprendizagem (OAs) é um importante processo de Educação a Distância. Padrões têm sido definidos com estruturas de metadados para favorecer a reutilização e portabilidade dos OAs, como SCORM, LOM, ARIADNE, entre outros. Mesmo assim, a portabilidade entre diferentes sistemas de e-Learning requerem conhecimentos específicos. A dificuldade aumenta quando se direciona a diferentes meios digitais e de comunicação, como ambientes da Web e da TV Digital Aberta (TVDA) - um meio alternativo de acesso à Educação que vem sendo integrado à vida dos brasileiros. Nesse contexto, o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi a investigação de um novo modelo, OAX, para implementação de OAs com portabilidade para ambientes Web e para a TVDA. O modelo, baseado em metadados e codificação Base64, foi definido com base na estrutura SCORM. Para a criação e gerenciamento dos OAs, segundo o modelo OAX, foi proposta a arquitetura de um sistema de autoria, SOAX - uma aplicação Web, composta por quatro componentes, visando: encapsulamento do átomo de conteúdo OAX, armazenamento do conteúdo, aplicativos de gerenciamento/visualização de conteúdo e APIs (Application Programming Interface) de importação e exportação para padrões de OAs. O sistema SOAX foi projetado com a finalidade de atender educadores com conhecimentos básicos de Informática, de forma que pudessem construir os OAs preocupados apenas com os aspectos didático-pedagógicos. O sistema converte automaticamente os OAs para os formatos de padrões de OAs e para ambientes da TVDA. Está disponível uma versão beta do SOAX. / Abstract: The construction of Learning Objects (LOs) is an important process for distance education. Standards have been defined with metadata structures to enhance the reutilizability and portability of LOs, such as SCORM, LOM, ARIADNE, among others. The portability between different systems of e-Learning requires expert knowledge. The difficulty increases when different digital media and communication environments are used, for example: Web and Open Digital TV (ODTV) - an alternative means of access to education that is being integrated into daily life of Brazilians. In this context, the main goal of this work was to investigate a new model for implementation of LOs (OAX) with portability to Web and ODTV environments. The model was defined based on the SCORM standard and was based on metadata and base64 encoding. The architecture of an authoring system (SOAX) was proposed for the creation and management of LOs, according to the OAX model. SOAX is a Web application and is composed of four components for: encapsulation of the OAX content atom, content storage, applications of viewing/management of content and APIs (Application Programming Interface) for import and export LOs for standards formats. The SOAX system was designed for educators with basic knowledge of computer. So they could concentrate efforts on didactic-pedagogic aspects of the LOs. The system automatically converts the LOs for the formats of the LOs standards and ODTV environments. A beta version of SOAX is available. / Mestre

Aplicações de captura e acesso (C&A) exploram o paradigma de computação ubíqua para dar apoio à captura automática de informação em experiências ao vivo e à correspondente geração de documentos passíveis de armazenamento, recuperação, visualização e extensão ao longo do tempo. Essas aplicações são potencialmente capazes de simplificar o processo de autoria de documentos multimídia visto que permitem a combinação e a sincronização automáticas de informação coletada por sistemas computacionais de uso pessoal e coletivo disseminados no ambiente. Aplicações de C&A também tornam possível a incorporação de sistemas de software que utilizem a capacidade computacional instalada para apoiar atividades humanas em andamento, promovendo novas formas de colaboração e de interação entre seus participantes e permitindo o registro dos acontecimentos, a geração de documentos que possibilitem sua reconstituição e o compartilhamento dos artefatos capturados. Este trabalho aborda de maneira conjunta diferentes aspectos envolvidos na captura automatizada de atividades humanas. Primeiramente, estende-se a visão tradicional com a sugestão da captura automatizada não apenas de mídias convencionais, mas do processo interativo do usuário como um todo, de modo a permitir a autoria e a personalização de conteúdo digital interativo e das anotações associadas. Ao mesmo tempo, são tratados aspectos colaborativos com o desenvolvimento e o uso de uma infra-estrutura distribuída de comunicação. Baseada em uma plataforma de computação peer-to-peer, os componentes e os serviços implementados suportam atividades de colaboração e compartilhamento de conteúdo entre os usuários. É feita experimentação das propostas com sua aplicação em cenários reais de ambientes de aprendizado, de computação móvel e de TV digital interativa / Capture and access (C&A) applications explore the ubiquitous computing paradigm to support the automated capture of information in live experiences and the corresponding generation of documents that can be stored, retrieved, visualized and extended along time. These applications are potentially capable of simplifying the authoring of multimedia documents by allowing the automatic combination and synchronization of information collected using personal and shared computational devices available in the environment. C&A applications also bring the opportunity for the incorporation of software systems that use such installed computational base to support on-going human activities, promoting new forms of collaboration and interaction among their users and enabling the recording of events, the generation of documents allowing their reconstitution and the sharing of the captured artifacts. This thesis addresses in a joint manner the different issues involved with the automated capture of human activities. First, the traditional vision is extended with the suggestion of automatically capturing not only conventional medias, but the general user interactive process as a whole, allowing the authoring and customization of interactive digital content and associated annotations. At the same time, collaborative aspects are treated with the development and use of a distributed communication infrastructure. Based on a peer-to-peer computing platform, the proposed components and services support collaborative activities and content sharing among users. The resulting systems and abstractions are experimented through their use in real scenarios comprising learning, mobile computing and interactive digital TV environments

The purpose of this research was to apply machine learning techniques to automate rule generation in the construction of Intelligent Tutoring Systems. By using a pair of somewhat intelligent iterative-deepening, depth-first searches, we were able to generate production rules from a set of marked examples and domain background knowledge. Such production rules required independent searches for both the“if" and“then" portion of the rule. This automated rule generation allows generalized rules with a small number of sub-operations to be generated in a reasonable amount of time, and provides non-programmer domain experts with a tool for developing Intelligent Tutoring Systems.

Submitted by Daniella Santos (daniella.santos@ufma.br) on 2017-11-23T13:50:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HedvanPinto.pdf: 2328772 bytes, checksum: d8b425eaee2ff4849509ead942f907ee (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-23T13:50:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HedvanPinto.pdf: 2328772 bytes, checksum: d8b425eaee2ff4849509ead942f907ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-24 / Nowadays, tablet and smartphones are commonly used by children for both entertainment and education. Interactive e-book for mobile devices offer a enhanced experience when compared to traditional books, being potentially more engaging and fun for readers. However, to explore the most interesting features in these environments, authors have scarce support. In the sense that there are not many high level support tools and that these features are usually only accessible programmatically. In this work, we intend to extract as main characteristics of interactive e-books and propose a model called Fábulas that allow authors to create declarative interactive e-books. The model was designed based on a systematic analysis of interactive e-books, authoring tools and authoring languages for multimedia applications. In addition, this dissertation presents a case study for an implementation of Fábulas for web browsers with Javascript and HTML and for a SceneSync language. / Hoje em dia, os tablets e smartphones são comumente usados por crianças tanto para entretenimento quanto para educação. E-books interativos em dispositivos móveis permitem uma experiência mais rica quando comparada com livros tradicionais, sendo potencialmente mais envolvente e divertido para os leitores. Contudo, para explorar os recursos mais interessantes nesses ambientes, os autores têm pouco suporte. No sentido de que não existem muitas ferramentas de apoio de nível elevado e que estas funcionalidades são normalmente acessíveis apenas através de programação. Neste trabalho, retendemos extrair as principais características de e-books interativos e propor um modelo chamadoFábulas que permite aos autores criarem e-books interativos declarativamente. O modelo foi concebido tomando como ponto de partida uma análise sistemática de e-books interativos, ferramentas de autoria e linguagens de autoria para aplicações multimídia. Além disso, esta dissertação apresenta um estudo de caso para a implementação de Fábulas para navegadores web com Javascript e HTML e para a linguagem SceneSync.

Aplicações de captura e acesso (C&A) exploram o paradigma de computação ubíqua para dar apoio à captura automática de informação em experiências ao vivo e à correspondente geração de documentos passíveis de armazenamento, recuperação, visualização e extensão ao longo do tempo. Essas aplicações são potencialmente capazes de simplificar o processo de autoria de documentos multimídia visto que permitem a combinação e a sincronização automáticas de informação coletada por sistemas computacionais de uso pessoal e coletivo disseminados no ambiente. Aplicações de C&A também tornam possível a incorporação de sistemas de software que utilizem a capacidade computacional instalada para apoiar atividades humanas em andamento, promovendo novas formas de colaboração e de interação entre seus participantes e permitindo o registro dos acontecimentos, a geração de documentos que possibilitem sua reconstituição e o compartilhamento dos artefatos capturados. Este trabalho aborda de maneira conjunta diferentes aspectos envolvidos na captura automatizada de atividades humanas. Primeiramente, estende-se a visão tradicional com a sugestão da captura automatizada não apenas de mídias convencionais, mas do processo interativo do usuário como um todo, de modo a permitir a autoria e a personalização de conteúdo digital interativo e das anotações associadas. Ao mesmo tempo, são tratados aspectos colaborativos com o desenvolvimento e o uso de uma infra-estrutura distribuída de comunicação. Baseada em uma plataforma de computação peer-to-peer, os componentes e os serviços implementados suportam atividades de colaboração e compartilhamento de conteúdo entre os usuários. É feita experimentação das propostas com sua aplicação em cenários reais de ambientes de aprendizado, de computação móvel e de TV digital interativa / Capture and access (C&A) applications explore the ubiquitous computing paradigm to support the automated capture of information in live experiences and the corresponding generation of documents that can be stored, retrieved, visualized and extended along time. These applications are potentially capable of simplifying the authoring of multimedia documents by allowing the automatic combination and synchronization of information collected using personal and shared computational devices available in the environment. C&A applications also bring the opportunity for the incorporation of software systems that use such installed computational base to support on-going human activities, promoting new forms of collaboration and interaction among their users and enabling the recording of events, the generation of documents allowing their reconstitution and the sharing of the captured artifacts. This thesis addresses in a joint manner the different issues involved with the automated capture of human activities. First, the traditional vision is extended with the suggestion of automatically capturing not only conventional medias, but the general user interactive process as a whole, allowing the authoring and customization of interactive digital content and associated annotations. At the same time, collaborative aspects are treated with the development and use of a distributed communication infrastructure. Based on a peer-to-peer computing platform, the proposed components and services support collaborative activities and content sharing among users. The resulting systems and abstractions are experimented through their use in real scenarios comprising learning, mobile computing and interactive digital TV environments

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-04-28T19:02:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Agnaldo Martins Rodrigues.pdf: 3935190 bytes, checksum: 46b1f019444554c37a2d064289176869 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-28T19:02:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Agnaldo Martins Rodrigues.pdf: 3935190 bytes, checksum: 46b1f019444554c37a2d064289176869 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-31 / Nenhuma / Com o uso crescentedas tecnologias de informação e comunicação na área educacional, torna-se cada vez mais necessária a criação de ferramentas de apoio ao professor, capazes de auxiliá-lo no planejamento e execução das aulas, bem como no acompanhamento do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Em alguns casos, o acesso a essas tecnologias, aliado ao conhecimento técnico limitado por parte dos docentes, pode comprometera maneira com que os conteúdos são desenvolvidos e utilizados pelos alunos. Essa é a principal área de pesquisa da presente dissertação, que se propõe a ajudar a tornar mais proficiente esse processo, pelo menos no contexto do ensino de dedução natural na disciplina de Lógica, através da criação de uma ferramenta inteligente de autoria e acompanhamento de uso de materiais educacionais, na forma de objetos de aprendizagem. A ferramenta, denominada SAAPIEnS,torna possível que o professor elabore objetos de aprendizagem customizáveis no domínio específico de dedução natural na lógica proposicional. Com base em um conjunto de ações, regradas por estratégias de ensino, almeja-se também instrumentalizar o docente no acompanhamento das atividades realizadas pelos alunos no ambiente computacional, apoiando o processo de avaliação do nível dedesempenho alcançado pelos alunos. Isso é feito por meio de um subsistema que oferece serviços de visualização e análise de dos conjuntos de interações dos alunos com os objetos de aprendizagem. A ferramenta é disponibilizada tanto via Web quanto via local (desktop), visando a uma maior flexibilidade para professor e alunos. Os possíveis impactos dessa ferramenta foram avaliados através de cenários hipotéticos de uso, que ilustram as principais contribuições possíveis para esse tipo de ferramenta. / With the increasing use of information and communication technologies in education, it becomes necessary to create supporting tools which can assist teachers in planning and implementing lessons as well as monitoring the process of teaching and learning. In some cases, access to these technologies, coupled with limited technical knowledge on the part of teachers, can compromise the way the contents are developed and used by students. This is the main research area of this dissertation, which aims to make this process more proficient, at least in the context of teaching natural deduction in the discipline of logic, through the creation of an intelligent authoring tool of learning objects, which also allows the teacher to follows the use of these educational materials by students. The tool, called SAAPIEnS, makes it possible for the teacher to prepare customizable learning objects in the specific domain of natural deduction in propositional logic. Based on a set of actions, regulated by a set of teaching strategies, the goal is to help teachers to monitor the activities performed by students in the computing environment, supporting the process of assessing the level of performance achieved by the students. This is done by means of a subsystem, which offers visualization and analysis service of the sets of interactions of students with learning objects. The tool supports Web and local (desktop) interfaces, giving greater flexibility for teachers and students. The possible impacts of this tool were evaluated through hypothetical usage scenarios that illustrate the main possible contributions to this type of tool.

In spite of the popularity of technologies that facilitate distance learning, institutions still educate students who gather together in shared physical spaces. But now even these traditional settings for learning are more collaborative and technology-rich environments. Qualitative methods in the sociolinguistic tradition allowed me to attend carefully to the vocal and non-vocal interactions of students engaged in a computer supported collaborative authoring assignment. Three research questions guided my inquiry: 1) In what ways did students negotiate roles and responsibilities?; 2) In what ways did students negotiate access to their assignment?; and 3) what was the nature of discourse in computer supported collaborative authoring? I conducted microanalysis of the communication in online discussions and face-to-face discourse throughout an entire semester of one graduate level course entitled The Psychology of Teachers and Teaching. My data revealed that the online discussion forum, physical proximity to the computer during face-to-face collaboration and instructor influence shaped the students’ roles and responsibilities as well as their entry into the assignment. I propose a model illustrating how students negotiate entry into computer supported collaborative authoring assignments and discuss its implications for teaching and learning. / text

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / Many South African Deaf people use their mobile phones for communication with SMSs yet they would prefer to converse in South African Sign Language. Deaf people with a capital `D' are different from deaf or hard of hearing as they primarily use sign language to communicate. This study explores how to design and evaluate a prototype that will allow a Deaf person using SASL to tell a hearing doctor how s/he is feeling and provide a way for the doctor to respond. A computer{based prototype was designed and evaluated with the Deaf people in a previous study. Results from the user trial of the computer{based mock{up indicated that Deaf users would like to see the prototype on a cell phone. Those user trial results, combined with our own user survey results conducted with Deaf people, are used as requirements. We built a prototype for a mobile phone browser by embedding SASL videos inside XHTML pages using Adobe Flash. The prototype asks medical questions using SASL videos. These questions are arranged in an organized way that helps in identifying a medical problem. The answers to the questions are then displayed in English and shown to the doctor on the phone. A content authoring tool was also designed and implemented. The content authoring tool is used for populating the prototype in a context free manner allowing for plug and play scenarios such as a doctor's office, Department of Home A airs or police station. A focus group consisting of Deaf people was conducted to help in the design and pilot trial of the system. A final user trial was conducted with more than thirty Deaf people and the results are presented and analyzed. Data is collected with questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and video recordings. The results indicate that most of the Deaf people found the system easy to learn, easy to navigate through, did not get lost and understood the sign language in the videos on the mobile phone. The hand gestures and facial expressions on the sign language videos were clear. Most of them indicated they would like to use the system for free, and that the system did not ask too many questions. Most of them were happy with the quality of the sign language videos on the mobile phone and would consider using the system in real life. Finally they felt their private information was safe while using the system. Many South African Deaf people use their mobile phones for communication with SMSs yet they would prefer to converse in South African Sign Language. Deaf people with a capital `D' are different from deaf or hard of hearing as they primarily use sign language to communicate. This study explores how to design and evaluate a prototype that will allow a Deaf person using SASL to tell a hearing doctor how s/he is feeling and provide a way for the doctor to respond. A computer{based prototype was designed and evaluated with the Deaf people in a previous study. Results from the user trial of the computer{based mock{up indicated that Deaf users would like to see the prototype on a cell phone. Those user trial results, combined with our own user survey results conducted with Deaf people, are used as requirements. We built a prototype for a mobile phone browser by embedding SASL videos inside XHTML pages using Adobe Flash. The prototype asks medical questions using SASL videos. These questions are arranged in an organized way that helps in identifying a medical problem. The answers to the questions are then displayed in English and shown to the doctor on the phone. A content authoring tool was also designed and implemented. The content authoring tool is used for populating the prototype in a context free manner allowing for plug and play scenarios such as a doctor's office, Department of Home A airs or police station. A focus group consisting of Deaf people was conducted to help in the design and pilot trial of the system. A final user trial was conducted with more than thirty Deaf people and the results are presented and analyzed. Data is collected with questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and video recordings. The results indicate that most of the Deaf people found the system easy to learn, easy to navigate through, did not get lost and understood the sign language in the videos on the mobile phone. The hand gestures and facial expressions on the sign language videos were clear. Most of them indicated they would like to use the system for free, and that the system did not ask too many questions. Most of them were happy with the quality of the sign language videos on the mobile phone and would consider using the system in real life. Finally they felt their private information was safe while using the system. / South Africa

L’essor des périphériques mobiles (ex. tablettes, smartphones) ainsi que leurs applications pédagogiques et ludiques ont contribué à la naissance des Jeux Éducatifs Mobiles (JEM). De nombreux chercheurs ont prouvé les effets positifs de ces JEM sur la motivation des apprenants et même sur certains apprentissages. Cependant, l’utilisation de JEM en contexte scolaire reste très limitée. En effet, les JEM existants, parfois assez coûteux, sont souvent conçus pour un domaine très spécifique, et n’offrent donc pas de possibilités de réutilisation. De plus, les outils auteur existants sont, soit riches en fonctionnalités mais nécessitent un investissement important des enseignants pour être pris en main, soit simples à utiliser mais ne permettent pas de concevoir des JEM qui répondent aux besoins pédagogiques. Pour s’attaquer à ces problématiques, nous proposons JEM iNVENTOR, un outil auteur de JEM, fondé sur une approche de conception gigogne, destiné aux enseignants, conservateurs de musée, ou toute personne non-informaticienne, qui souhaitent scénariser leurs propres JEM et les déployer sur les systèmes mobiles.Le modèle de conception gigogne a été validé par une série d’expérimentations auprès d’une vingtaine d’enseignants ayant des niveaux d’expertises et des domaines d’enseignement très variés. Nous avons également mené des expérimentations de terrain, auprès d’environ 1500 étudiants et élèves, afin d’évaluer la qualité des JEM créés avec JEM iNVENTOR ainsi que leur impact sur les apprenants. / The rise of mobile devices (e.g. tablets, smartphones) and their educational and recreational applications have contributed to the emergence of Mobile Learning Games (MLGs). Indeed, MLGs show great potential for increasing engagement, creativity and authentic learning. Yet, despite their great potential for education, the use of MLGs by teachers, remains very limited. This is partly due to the fact that MLGs are often designed to match a specific learning context, and thus cannot be directly reusable for other contexts. In addition, existing authoring tools are either feature-rich but require a significant investment by teachers to be used, or simple to use but do not offer enough features for the design of MLGs that meet pedagogical needs. To tackle these problems, we propose JEM iNVENTOR, a MLG authoring tool, based on a nested design approach, intended for teachers, museum curators, or any person without computer skills, wishing to script their own MLG and deploy them on mobile systems.The nested design model was approved through a series of experimentations with some twenty teachers from a wide range of expertise levels and teaching fields. We also conducted field experimentations with about 1500 students and pupils in order to evaluate the quality of MLGs created with JEM iNVENTOR as well as their impact on learners.