No description available.

This project uses system engineering and system management principles to analyze the problem of transactions in Nigerian universities and tertiary institutions. System management principles shall be used to highlight the imperfections in the transaction method currently in use especially the disconnect between the bank and the institutions using their services. It will explore other payment systems available in the country. This project will provide a recommendation of how to implement a better payment option through automating the process of school payments by using a system with a cloud-based educational software at the school bursary office and through the online payment processing on the school website. The system software will enable cashiering and payment management: centralized data, automated reports, and inventory controls. It will generate automatic invoices and receipts. This system will bridge the disconnect between the bank and the school since students would not need to deposit cash directly into the school account but into their accounts and then pay with their debit cards. The system will provide debit card encryption and protection using the Secure Socket Layer technology.

The University of Tennessee Space Institute’s (UTSI) active airborne science program often requires extensive modification to its fleet of aircraft in order to meet mission and customer requirements. These modifications can alter the flight characteristics of the aircraft. In order to determine if the aircraft is safe to fly after modification and to find any new flight characteristics resulting from the modifications, the flight test engineer (FTE) must plan and conduct limited flight testing on the aircraft and evaluate the resulting data to ensure safety of flight. The more efficient the data reduction and analysis process the quicker the aircraft can be released to the customer for flight operations. Flight-Data Analysis and RePorting System (F-DARPS) was developed in an attempt to decrease the time spent reducing data by automating the entire data reduction process. F-DARPS searches through a data file, determines when the aircraft is in a trim state, processes the data, and presents a limited number of performance and stability and control (S&C) parameters to the FTE in a meaningful manner. Because F-DARPS is in an early stage of development, the system requirements, architecture, code techniques, and a self case study with future revision recommendations will be discussed in detail.

abstract: Metal castings are selectively machined-based on dimensional control requirements. To ensure that all the finished surfaces are fully machined, each as-cast part needs to be measured and then adjusted optimally in its fixture. The topics of this thesis address two parts of this process: data translations and feature-fitting clouds of points measured on each cast part. For the first, a CAD model of the finished part is required to be communicated to the machine shop for performing various machining operations on the metal casting. The data flow must include GD&T specifications along with other special notes that may be required to communicate to the machinist. Current data exchange, among various digital applications, is limited to translation of only CAD geometry via STEP AP203. Therefore, an algorithm is developed in order to read, store and translate the data from a CAD file (for example SolidWorks, CREO) to a standard and machine readable format (ACIS format - *.sat). Second, the geometry of cast parts varies from piece to piece and hence fixture set-up parameters for each part must be adjusted individually. To predictively determine these adjustments, the datum surfaces, and to-be-machined surfaces are scanned individually and the point clouds reduced to feature fits. The scanned data are stored as separate point cloud files. The labels associated with the datum and to-be-machined (TBM) features are extracted from the *.sat file. These labels are further matched with the file name of the point cloud data to identify data for the respective features. The point cloud data and the CAD model are then used to fit the appropriate features (features at maximum material condition (MMC) for datums and features at least material condition (LMC) for TBM features) using the existing normative feature fitting (nFF) algorithm. Once the feature fitting is complete, a global datum reference frame (GDRF) is constructed based on the locating method that will be used to machine the part. The locating method is extracted from a fixture library that specifies the type of fixturing used to machine the part. All entities are transformed from its local coordinate system into the GDRF. The nominal geometry, fitted features, and the GD&T information are then stored in a neutral file format called the Constraint Tolerance Feature (CTF) Graph. The final outputs are then used to identify the locations of the critical features on each part and these are used to establish the adjustments for its setup prior to machining, in another module, not part of this thesis. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 2016

Context: Software testing is the process of assessing quality of a software product to determine whether it matches with the existing requirements of the customer or not. Software testing is one of the “Verification and Validation,” or V&V, software practices. The two basic techniques of software testing are Black-box testing and White box testing. Black-box testing focuses solely on the outputs generated in response to the inputs supplied neglecting the internal components of the software. Whereas, White-box testing focuses on the internal mechanism of the software of any application. To explore the feasibility of black-box and white-box testing under a given set of conditions, a proper test automation framework needs to be deployed. Automation is deployed in order to reduce the manual effort and to perform testing continuously, thereby increasing the quality of the product.   Objectives: In this research, cloud hosted application is automated using TestComplete tool. The objective of this thesis is to verify the functionality of Cloud application known as Test data library or Test Report Analyzer through automation and to measure the impact of the automation on release cycles of the organization.   Methods: Here automation is implemented using scrum methodology which is an agile development software process. Using scrum methodology, the product with working software can be delivered to the customers incrementally and empirically with updating functionalities in it. Test data library or Test Report Analyzer functionality of Cloud application is verified deploying testing device thereby the test cases can be analyzed thereby analyzing the pass or failed test cases.   Results: Automation of test report analyzer functionality of cloud hosted application is made using TestComplete and impact of automation on release cycles is reduced. Using automation, nearly 24% of change in release cycles can be observed thereby reducing the manual effort and increasing the quality of delivery.   Conclusion: Automation of a cloud hosted application provides no manual effort thereby utilization of time can be made effectively and application can be tested continuously increasing the efficiency and the quality of an application. / AUTOMATION OF A CLOUD HOSTED APPLICATION

Automated processes in the construction industry are made today by prefabricating the building items and then transport it to the building site. Instead of producing the building items and transport them to the building site there is an idea of bringing the automated process to the construction site is, as it would generate huge profits by reducing unnecessary resource waste. However, it is a difficult challenge to implement and therefore it has not got a big impact today. The standard method to build reinforcement cages today is a tiresome job for construction workers. The method to build this cages is by means of lashing reinforcements bar on sight or in be prefabricated in advance. To avoid this manual work on sight, an idea from the companies Skanska and Robotdalen is to build an automated facility that can perform this work. This idea based on today's technology can be a way to automate a process at the construction site. The objective of this facility is to enable this station to be able to be mounted and transportable. This work is based on investigating via a pre-study, how it would be possible to product realize this concept of mountable automation station for reinforcement cages. The problem that arises is that an automation station requires repeatable accuracy and very fine accuracy. That is, the automation system used to drive the station can find itself back to exactly the same position repeatedly. This places enormous demands on the design that it has to be extremely rigid in order not to be deformed. A smaller prototype of this automated station has shown that the concept works. This work is based on continuing the concept of this project and examining how a full-scale prototype of the construction can look as well as concepts for manufacturing and find solutions for possible design problems. To study this, the strategy for research been to carry out a case study for the development of this construction. The study has followed a product development model similar to the waterfall method. This means that the work has followed a step by step plan. Many steps and concepts along the way have been evaluated with interviews and with many experienced designers in the industry. Many design areas have been very special and specific, which means it has been difficult to find general data in those areas. This means that a lot of the conclusions have to been put together from the experienced interviewees. The end result of this work is a product realized model of the automation station. The model is in the form of a gantry. The gantry can be assembled into removable beams that can be placed in a 40 foot container. The conclusion of this work is that, although the concept of the design has been discussed with several parties there still remains some practical testing. The unevenness system for recurring accuracy remains to be seen if it works. The calculations that are made should also be double- check aw well complete with calculations that may not be done in this work but are required to realize the concept. Even though there needs some testing, the concept is still considered feasible. This means that it could be a possible application to automate an on-site construction process. / Automatiserade processer inom bygg industrin görs idag via att prefabricera byggämnena och skickas till byggplatsen i efterhand. Tanken om att föra den automatiska processen till byggarbetsplatsen finns då det skulle ge stor vinning genom att minska onödigt resurs slöseri. Dock är det en svår utmaning att genomföra ochdärför har det inte fått stort genomslag i dagsläget.Den standardiserade metoden för att bygga armeringskorgar idag är ett slitsamt arbete för bygg arbetare. Metoden går idag ut på att naja ihop korgar med hjälp av ett najverktyg eller förhand. För att undvika detta manuella arbete finns en idé från Skanska och Robotdalen att bygga en automatiserad anläggning som kan utföra detta arbete.Denna idé baserad på dagens teknik kan vara ett sätt automatisera en process på byggplatsen. Projektmålet med denna anläggning är att kunna göra denna anläggning monterbar och fraktbar. Detta arbete bygger på att undersöka via en förstudie hur det skulle gå att göra för att produktrealisera detta koncept av monteringsbara automationsstation för armeringkorgar. Problemetsom uppstår är att en automations stations kräver repeterbar noggrannhet. Det vill säga att automationssystemet som används för att driva stationen kan hitta tillbaka till exakt samma plats som ursprungsläget. Detta ställer ett enormt stort krav på konstruktionen att den måste vara enormt styv för att klara att inte deformeras.En mindre prototyp på denna konstruktion har visat att konceptet fungerar. Det här arbetet bygge på att ta vidare det konceptet i detta projekt ochundersöka hur en fullskalig prototyp av konstruktion kan se ut samt koncept för tillverkning samt lösningar för eventuella konstruktions problem.För att studera detta har undersökningen har strategin för forskningen varit att utföra en fallstudie för utvecklandet av denna konstruktion.Studien har följt en produktutvecklingsmodell som liknar vattenfallsmetoden. Detta innebär att arbetet har följt en steg för steg plan. Många steg och koncept på vägen har utvärderats med intervjuer med många erfarna konstruktörer inom branschen. Många konstruktionsområden har varit väldigt specialiserade vilket innebär att det har varit svårt att hitta generell information inom området utan mycket har gått ifrån erfarenhet från de intervjuade.Slutresultatet av detta arbete är en produktrealiserad modell av automationsstationen. Modellen är i form av en gantry. Gantry:n kan monteras ihop i löstagbara balkar som kan läggas i en 40 fots-container. Slutsatsen av detta arbete är att även om koncepten för konstruktionsdelarna har diskuterats med flera parter består en del att testa. Systemet för att ta upp ojämnheter för att få till repeterbar noggrannhet återstår att se om det fungerar. Det bör även dubbelkollas beräkningar samt komplettera de beräkningar som fattas. Utöver det som ska testas ses ändå konceptet ut att vara genomförbart. Detta innebär att det kan vara ett en möjlig applikation att automatisera en byggprocess på plats.

Le comportement mécanique des structures fibreuses, particulièrement le comportement transverse de filés de fibres et de mèches multi-filamentaires est tributaire entre autre du contact et glissement inter fibre. La connaissance de loi de comportement en compression transverse est un verrou scientifique de taille lors de la modélisation numérique du comportement mécanique de structures fibreuses. La mesure des propriétés frictionnelles des fibres, dont les dimensions transversales sont en général très faibles, est une entreprise très délicate. Le contact et le mouvement relatif entre deux fibres, malgré leurs complexités peuvent être résumés par trois cas simples, schématisés ci-dessous. Il existe dans la littérature scientifique un certain nombre d’études et de dispositifs sur le contact et le frottement interfibre, mais ils se concentrent tous sur les cas A et B, rien ne permet pour l’instant de modéliser et de mesurer le frottement interfibre dans la configuration C. Or, c’est bien dans cette dernière configuration que se produisent les mouvements interfibre lors de la compression transversale des filés ou mèches multi-filamentaire. De nouveaux dispositifs expérimentaux ont été conçus et développés afin de caractériser le frottement transversal entre fibres. / The mechanical behavior of fibrous structures, particularly the transverse behavior of spun yarns and multi-filament strands is among others dependent on contact and inter fiber slippage. Knowledge of law of transverse compression behavior is a relatively important lock at numerical modeling of fibrous structures’ mechanical behavior. Measuring of frictional properties of very thin fibers is not easy because of very low levels of normal and tangential interfiber forces developed during the fiber contact. The contact and relative motion between two fibers, despite their complexity, can be summarized by three simple cases shown above. In scientific literature, there are a number of studies and experimental devices on interfiber contact and friction, but they all focus on the A and B cases; nothing is proposed unfortunately in the experimental literature on the t-t friction measurement type (case (c) in Figure above). However, it is in this configuration that the inter fiber movements occur during transverse compression of yarns or multi-filament strands. New experimental devices have been designed and developed in order to characterize the transversal friction between fibers.

Finding a way to automate the generation of test data is a crucial aspect of software testing. Testing comprises 50% of all software development costs [Korel90]. Finding a way to automate testing would greatly reduce cost and labor involved in the task of software testing. One of the ways to automate software testing is to automate the generation of test data inputs. For example, in statement coverage, creating test cases that will cover all of the conditions required when testing that program would be costly and time-consuming if undertaken manually. Therefore, a way must be found that allows the automation of creating test data inputs to satisfy all test requirements for a given test. One such way of automating test data generation is the use of genetic algorithms. Genetic algorithms use the creation of generations of test inputs, and then choose the most fit test inputs, or those test inputs that are most likely to satisfy the test requirement, as the test inputs that will be passed to the next generation of inputs. In this way, the solution to the test requirement problem can be found in an evolutionary fashion. Current research suggests that comparison of genetic algorithms with random test input generation produces varied results. While results of these studies show promise for the future use of genetic algorithms as an answer to the issue of discovering test inputs that will satisfy branch coverage, what is needed is additional experimental research that will validate the performance of genetic algorithms in a test environment. This thesis makes use of the EvoSuite plugin tool, which is a software plugin for the IntelliJ IDEA Integrated Development Environment that runs using a genetic algorithm as its main component. The EvoSuite tool is run against 22 Java classes, and the EvoSuite tool will automatically generate unit tests and will also execute those unit tests while simultaneously measuring branch coverage of the unit tests against the Java classes under test. The results of this thesis’ experimental research are that, just as the literature indicates, the EvoSuite tool performed with varied results. In particular, Fraser’s study of the EvoSuite tool as an Eclipse plugin was accurate in depicting how the EvoSuite tool would come to perform as an IntelliJ plugin, namely that the EvoSuite tool would perform poorly for a large number of classes tested.

Användningen av Internet of Things inom sport är svår att hitta forskning om, inte minst i samband med ridsport. Kandidatarbetet forskar kring problemen vid användning av Internet of Things och hur man implementerar system på bästa sätt. Jag utvecklar en prototyp vars syfte är att underlätta hästhoppning genom att automatisera hästhinder då deltagande observation avslöjade problemen ryttare möter vid hoppträning. Vid varje rivning tvingas ryttaren hoppa ner från hästen och resa bommen, någonting som ödslar tid och energi, men inte minst påverkar hästens rygg. Med hjälp av Internet of Things, context mapping, deltagande observation och design utvecklade jag en produkt som underlättar och effektiviserar hoppträning och tävling. Tillsammans med ryttarna i stallet och i diskussioner har vi fokuserat på att designen är säkerhetsanpassad och att produkten fokuserar på det ryttarna själv anser är viktigt. Med teknikerna raspberry pi, stegmotordrivare och en stegmotor kan ryttaren styra hästhindret direkt från hästryggen och därmed underlätta träningen. / Usage of Internet of Things in relation to sports is a hard subject to find research about, especially with a connection to equestrian sports. This bachelor thesis researches the problems you face when developing Internet of Things and how to implement systems efficiently. I’ve developed a prototype whose purpose is to facilitate showjumping by automating a horse jumping obstacle since participatory observations revealed problems riders face when practicing showjumping. Every time the horse knocks down the bar the rider must jump off the horse and lift the bar up, wasting time and energy, but also with a risk of hurting the horse’s back. By using Internet of Things, context mapping, participatory observations and design I developed a product that facilitate showjump practice and competition. Together with equestrians in the stable and in discussions we’ve focused on making the design safe for the horses and riders, and that the product focuses on what equestrians believe is important. Through the usage of a Rapsberry pi 3, a stepper motor driver and a stepper motor the rider can control the horse jumping obstacle directly from the horse back and thus facilitating the practice.

Testning är en nödvändig men kostsam del av mjukvaruutveckling. Test utförs på olika abstraktionsnivåer och kan vara manuella eller automatiserade. På lägsta abstraktionsnivå, enhetsnivå, är automatiserad testning vanligt och relativt okomplicerat, medan systemtester är svårare att automatisera. I synnerhet gäller detta tester på ett grafiskt användargränssnitt (GUI) som kräver speciella verktyg.   Triona vill undersöka möjligheterna att automatisera regressionstester från GUI:t av sin produkt C-Load, en molnbaserad webbtjänst för avtalsbaserad transportbokning.    Det primära syftet med denna fallstudie är att med en anpassad urvalsprocess utvärdera ett möjligt verktyg i förhållande till C-Load-förvaltningens förväntningar på automatiserad GUI testning (AGT) och att utifrån resultatet föreslå hur C-Loadförvaltningen kan gå vidare med val av verktyg för AGT. För att uppfylla syftet användes litteraturstudier, intervjuer och observationer av praktiska test.    Verktyg för GUI-testning kan delas in i tre huvudkategorier: skriptbaserade, modellbaserade och skriptlösa. Baserat på tidigare forskning drogs slutsatsen att ett skriptbaserat verktyg där koden i testskripten skrivs manuell bäst passar C-Loadförvaltningens krav och förutsättningar. Det mest använda verktyget av denna typ, Selenium WebDriver, utvärderades kvalitativt gentemot identifierade krav.    Av tidigare forskning framgår att vanliga utmaningar med skriptbaserade GUI-tester är att arbetsinsatsen för att skapa och underhålla testskript är stor och att testen kan vara opålitliga. Dessa problem framkom också i studiens intervjuer och observationer.   Slutsatsen är att det vore möjligt att automatisera regressionstester av C-Load med hjälp av Selenium Webdriver, och att det på sikt skulle kunna frigöra tid. Initialt krävs dock en omfattande insats för att implementera automatiserade tester i förvaltningen och Selenium Webdriver uppfyller bara delvis C-Load-förvaltningens förväntningar på AGT. C-Load-förvaltningen rekommenderas att utvärdera fler verktyg innan beslut fattas. I en kommande urvalsprocess bör Triona beakta hur väl olika verktyg fungerar i förhållande till moderna webbramverk. / Testing is a necessary but costly part of software development. Tests are performed at different abstraction levels and can be either manual or automated. On the lowest level of abstraction, where unit testing is performed, automated testing is commonplace and relatively uncomplicated, whereas system testing is more difficult to automate. This is especially true for GUI-testing, which requires special tools.      Triona wished to investigate possibilities to automate regression testing of the GUI for its C-load product, which is a Cloud-based web-service for contract-based transport booking.      The purpose of this case study was to evaluate one tool for automated GUI-testing (AGT) against the C-Load team’s expectations on AGT, and based on the result recommend Triona how to proceed in the process of implementing AGT. Literature studies, observations and interviews were conducted to fulfil the purpose.      GUI-testing tools can be classified into three categories: script-based, model-based and scriptless. One conclusion was that a script-based tool, where test scripts are manually coded would best suit Triona’s needs. The most used tool in that category, Selenium WebDriver, was tested and evaluated against requirements.       Prior research shows that common challenges encountered when using script-based GUItests are the workload required to create and maintain test scripts and that the tests can deliver inconsistent or “flaky” results. These challenges were confirmed during our analysis.       Our conclusion is that it is possible to automate C-Load regression tests with Selenium WebDriver, and that it would eventually free up time. However, a considerable effort is initially required to implement automated testing. Selenium Webdriver only partly fulfills the C-Load team’s expectations on AGT. Before a decision is taken, the C-Load team should evaluate more tools. When evaluating tools for AGT, Triona should take note that Selenium Webdriver can be deficient when it comes to testing applications based on modern web frameworks.