Anecdotal information indicates that conflict exists between Adventure Tourism Operators (ATOs) and snowmobilers in the backcountry of British Columbia. Focusing on the Sea-to-Sky Corridor, a survey was conducted among winter ATOs to determine the extent of the conflict, the role of land management policies as well as the proposed Off-Road Vehicle (ORV) Management Framework in managing such interactions. Initial conclusions suggest that: 1) conflict does exist; 2) existing structure for managing interactions is inadequate; 3) ATOs consider it the responsibility of the BC Government to manage interactions, and; 4) ATOs have a low level of confidence in the BC Government to effectively manage interactions. This study presents five recommendations for government regulators to consider if or when the ORV Management Framework moves forward.

Many prey species exhibit antipredator responses in the presence of humans. These responses may lead in turn to behavioral modification and spatiotemporal avoidance strategies that may have implications for long term population dynamics. Our research was developed to measure the potential effects of backcountry recreation on the behavior and distribution of desert bighorn sheep in the Pusch ridge Wilderness Area (PRWA), Arizona, USA. Human use of the PRWA was quantified across the study site using real time observer field counts and modeled use metrics derived from motion activated trail cameras (n=15) placed on six US Forest Service (USFS) trails. We conducted 113 behavioral observations at multiple spatial scales from February of 2015 through May of 2016 to quantify female bighorn activity budgets and responses to human interaction. Bighorn behavior was characterized in a generalized linear model (GLM) to examine how human use and environmental covariates affect changes in the frequency of behaviors within the bighorn activity budget. Our models indicate that interactions between bighorn and humans are complex. An increase in human activity in the PRWA correlates inversely with bighorn time spent grazing. As a potential trade off bighorn significantly increased the frequency of time bedded. These results suggest that bighorn behavioral responses to human activity may carry costs associated with avoidance, however, behavioral analysis alone is not enough to measure the extent of such costs. This research has management implications where multiple use and high levels of human activity have the potential to negatively influence the behavior of wildlife species.

<p>In 1760, when British victory was all but assured and hostilities in the northeastern colonies of North America came to an end, the future of the southeastern colonies was not nearly so clear. British authorities in the South still faced the possibility of a local French and Indian alliance and clashed with angry Cherokees who had complaints of their own. These tensions and events usually take a back seat to the climactic proceedings further north. I argue that in South Carolina, by destabilizing relations with African and Native Americans, the Cherokee Indians raised the social and political anxieties of coastal elites to a fever pitch during the Anglo-Cherokee War. Threatened by Indians from without and by slaves from within, and failing to find unbridled support in British policy, the planter-merchant class eventually sought to take matters into its own hands. Scholars have long understood the way the economic fallout of the French and Indian War caused Britain to press new financial levies on American colonists. But they have not understood the deeper consequences of the war on the local stage. Using extensive political and military correspondence, ethnography, and eighteenth-century newspapers, I offer a narrative-driven approach that adds geographic and ethnographic breadth and context to previous scholarship on mid-eighteenth century in North America. I expand understandings of Cherokee culture, British and colonial Indian policy, race slavery, and the southeastern frontier. At the same time, I also explain the origins of the American Revolution in the South.</p> / Dissertation

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T11:07:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RITA DE CASSIA LEMOS AMOURY.pdf: 1013801 bytes, checksum: 3e2f30267c3c90a3cde742dd664b3ed3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-16 / This study is an analysis of the poetry construction of the author Joao Cabral de Melo Neto O cão sem plumas (The Dog Without Feathers) from the description of space, man and river poetic, there is also as corpus the poem Morte e vida severina (Death Life Severina). Em O rio seek searching to reflect on the images of water and the aesthetics of space according to the propositions of Gaston Bachelard d on the themes of the discourse of pain, distress, pessimism and death. And the book Morte e Vida Severina analysis from the study of genres: lyric, narrative and dramatic, plus a counterpoint to the polyphony of genres .This work is authoritative by the poetics of this author, the way of handling images, metaphors, or how he deals with all this semantic expression, however, with the figures of language, rhythm, wordplay The poetic course of his speech. And with this thread realize the poetic essence of the Wild and Sertanejo (backcountry) in the works analyzed. Implying also that hard, dry and painful reality of the backcountry also refers us to the way of production of poet João Cabral, to reveal the essence of the backcountry while describing his own manner of poetic construction. / Este trabalho constituiu uma análise da construção da poesia do autor João Cabral de Melo Neto em O cão sem plumas a partir da descrição do espaço, do homem e do rio poético, tendo ainda como corpus os poemas O rio e Morte e vida severina. Em O rio buscamos refletir sobre as imagens da água e da estética do espaço, segundo as proposições de Gaston Bachelard sobre os temas do discurso da dor, da angústia, do pessimismo e da morte. Morte e vida severina foi analisado a partir do estudo dos gêneros: lírico, narrativo e dramático, acrescido, no último capítulo de um contraponto em relação à polifonia de gêneros. Esta obra é abalizada pela poética desse autor, pela maneira de manusear as imagens, as metáforas, ou seja, a forma como ele lida com toda essa semântica da expressão, isto é, com as figuras de linguagem, o ritmo, os jogos de palavras, o percurso poético do discurso. E, com esse fio poético, percebemos a essência do Sertão e do Sertanejo nas obras analisadas. Inferindo, ainda, que essa realidade dura, seca e sofrida do sertanejo remete-nos também à maneira de produção do poeta João Cabral, que ao revelar a essência desse sertanejo, ao mesmo tempo, descreve a sua própria maneira da construção poética.

The purpose of this study was to gain understanding about the influence of technology, specifically cellular phones, on decision making during potentially risky situations in the backcountry. Previous research in this area is contradictory and some studies indicate technology is influencing people to take more risks while others suggest it is not. Further confounding the relationship is the fact that previous studies have found people may be taking more risk in the presence of technology were based largely on respondent perceptions, not observation data. The current study used a scenario-based decision model to examine the difference in decision making between those who carried a cell phone on a hike and those who did not. A one-way ANCOVA revealed there was no statistical difference (F=2.18, p=.0898) between the two groups. This indicated people did not take more risks because they carried a cell phone into the backcountry. Risk tolerance and experience hiking long mountain hikes similar to the mountain used in the scenario were the only two variables that influenced decision making in this model. Because cell phones do not adversely influence decision making, it is proposed cell phones and other wireless communication devices be added as a recommended piece of gear to the 10 essentials to help reduce the time it takes for search and rescue to arrive on scene when help is needed.

Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2009. / Title from screen (viewed on December 9, 2009). Department of History, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Elizabeth Brand Monroe, Marianne S. Wokeck, Erik L. Lindseth. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-167).

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--Royal Roads University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 71-75). Project presentation at BC Mountain Goat Workshop (March 1, 2005) also available electronically via Internet.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether ski tourers in the Swedish mountains have enough knowledge and experience to perform the activity safely. Adventure oriented activities that demands equipment has over the last years increased among outdoor practitioners in Sweden. Because of the growth, ski touring equipment have had a rapid development and made the activity more accessible. In the northern parts of Sweden a survey- and a field study, were examine risk behavior, avalanche equipment and techbindings. The results shows that ski touring has increased over the last years and that the activity is mainly performed by young men that are experienced downhill skiers. According to the result men seems to have a higher risk acceptance and many off-piste skiers are prepared to take risks to get good skiing/ski touring. Nearly everyone from the study are carrying avalanche equipment, but it seems like some are not sufficiently prepared in case of an accident. The results also indicates that some ski tourers dis-trust the retention function of techbindings and some manually lock out the release mechanism of the binding exposing themselves to a high risk of lower leg injury.

Submitted by Maria Dulce (mdulce@ndc.uff.br) on 2013-12-09T18:13:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Silva, Carolina-Dissert-Historia-2013.pdf: 1393729 bytes, checksum: 1159b41f8f014cee019e1d5f035ff5ae (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-12-09T18:13:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Silva, Carolina-Dissert-Historia-2013.pdf: 1393729 bytes, checksum: 1159b41f8f014cee019e1d5f035ff5ae (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Esta dissertação tem como eixo principal os depoimentos de duas escravas mestiças, Joana e Custódia de Abreu, que assumiram participar de encontros noturnos firmados por pactos diabólicos no Piauí colonial. O documento foi escrito e enviado ao Tribunal do Santo Ofício de Lisboa pelo jesuíta Manuel da Silva e possui descrições muito semelhantes com os elementos que definem o complexo sabático europeu. O texto foi resultado da confluência de diversas crenças mágico-religiosas, a descrição dos encontros noturnos com o diabo se aproximou ora da magia popular, ora dos calundus coloniais e ora do sabá europeu. As intenções do padre ao enviar as confissões para a Inquisição parecem vir da vontade de denunciar o estado de “abandono religioso” dos sertões e de destacar a importância da Ordem do qual fazia parte. As fontes também funcionaram como indícios que levaram a compreensão de um cenário mais amplo e multifacetado, no qual foi possível investigar: o amplo uso de práticas mágicas no reino e na América Portuguesa; o papel da Companhia de Jesus no processo de colonização e catequização dos ameríndios, e as adaptações que a Instituição sofreu no Brasil; a ocupação dos sertões através da “Guerra dos Bárbaros”; e a formação cultural e religiosa do Piauí no século XVIII. / This work has a main axis testimony from two slave crossbred, and Custodian of Jeanne Abreu, who took part in nightly meetings diabo9lical pacts signed by the colonial Piaui. The document whas written and sent to the Court of the Inquisition of Lisbon by the Jesuit Manuel da Silva and has very similar descriptions with the elements that define the complex European sabbatical. The text was the result of the confluence of the several magical-religious beliefs, the description of the nocturnal meetings with the devil approached either of folk magic, sometimes calunduns of colonial and now European Sabbath. The intentions of priest to send the confessions to the Inquisition seem to come from the desire to terminate the state of the “religious abandonment” of the interiors and emphasize the importance of which was part of the Order. The sources also functioned as evidence that led to understanding of a more broad and multifaceted, in which was possible to investigate: the widespread use of magical practices in the kingdom and in Portuguese America, the role of the Society of Jesus in the process of colonization and catechizing the Amerindians, and the adjustments that the institution has suffered in Brazil, the occupation of the hinterland through the “War of the Barbarians” and the cultural and religious formation of Piaui in the eighteenth century.