Den aktuella studien har som syfte att visa på hur barn synliggörs samt i vilken grad de ges möjlighet till delaktighet i LVU-förhandlingar i Förvaltningsrätten i Stockholm. Detta genom en kvalitativ textanalys baserad på samtliga ansökningar från socialnämnd som tagits upp till muntlig förhandling, gällande barn mellan 0-18 år under januari månad 2014. Jag har även använt mig av juridisk metod då jag studerat de olika lagrum som berörs och hur dessa tolkas och även hur dessa påverkar det enskilda barnet. Resultatet visar att barnets inställning utifrån eget eller ombudets perspektiv synliggörs i samtliga utom två av de studerade domarna, dvs. drygt 90% har dokumenterat ett barnperspektiv och eller barnets perspektiv. Dock saknar ca 30% av det studerade materialet formuleringar direkt ur barnets perspektiv. I detta material beskrivs barnet endast ur den vuxnes, ombudets, föräldrarnas, nämndens, perspektiv. I endast ca 40% av de mål där LVU till följd av brister i omsorgen behandlas lyfts barnets inställning i bedömningen. Det finns förbättringsområden för att stärka barnperspektiv samt barnets rätt att deltaga och få möjlighet att komma till tals. Ett av dessa är att det i nuläget saknas krav på att den som arbetar med att företräda barnet genom en process i förvaltningsrätten ska ha särskild barnkompetens.

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The aim of this study was to increase understanding of the extent to which the child's will is given in Swedish courts' overall assessments of the best interests of the child in disputes on custody, resident and visitation (VBU). 18 District Court judgments have been collected from the database Zeteo via court judgments from Sweden's six Courts of Appeal. Based on a qualitative research effort, a content analysis was conducted on the judgments. The content analysis resulted in the following three categories being identified: The court judges according to the expressed will of the child, The court judges against the expressed will of the child, and The will of the child was omitted in the district court's assessment. The results were mainly analyzed based on childhood sociological perspectives, Hart’s ladder of participation and family law regulations. The theoretical framework was used to illustrate how the child was presented and socially constructed, and what impact this had on the space the child's will was given in the court's assessments of the best interests of the child. This was then reflected in the prevailing laws. The results of the study showed that the child's will appeared in about half of the cases, and that the court judged according to the will of the child in less than one third of them. The study also showed that the court tended to question the authenticity of the will of the children whose wishes did not comply with what the court considered to be the best interests of the child. In the majority of the cases where the children’s will were not given any room in the judgment, the court generally gave no reasons why the will was not reported.

In 2020, approximately 6900 children in Sweden were relevant for investigation of custody disputes. During the same year, 1802 court decisions were enforced regarding supervision by a contact person. Previous research has shown that children often have a lack of participation and opportunity to influence in these cases. It has also shown that parental rights and the child´s need for protection often outweigh the child´s expressed will. The aim of this study was to investigate children´s participation in the district court´s judgments regarding supervision by a contact person. What an impact the child´s will have and how factors such as age, risks and their best interest affect children´s ability to be involved. Through a qualitative content analysis, nine judgments from various district courts in Sweden during 2018-2021 have been selected. The material was then analyzed with the help of social constructivist theory and Roger Hart´s ladder of participation. The study shows that in six out of nine judgments, children are involved based on different levels and that 44% of the judgments are in accordance with the child´s expressed will. However, it has been difficult to read out how the child´s will has actually had a bearing on the verdict. The result also shows that factors such as age, risks and the best interests of the child affects the child´s ability to participate. In cases where the district court has not reported the child´s will or participation, no explanation or clarification is given as to why it is so.