La naissance de la musique spectrale et du modèle compositionnel qui la sous-tend a été conditionnée par un contexte technoscientifique spécifique, au carrefour de disciplines aussi diverses que la physique, la psychoacoustique, l’électronique, l’informatique ou la philosophie. Le présent travail de thèse en retrace certaines des étapes. Tout en remontant jusqu’à l’avènement de la science moderne au XVIIe siècle, elle aboutit à une caractérisation de ce courant esthétique comme un exemple de révolution non-cartésienne dans le sens que Bachelard donna au terme dans son Nouvel Esprit Scientifique. Parallèlement, elle reprend les acquis musicaux antérieurs et montre comment la musique spectrale s’est constituée en thématisant les tentatives de systématisation du son complexe comme élément porteur de forme apparus tout au long du XXe siècle. / The rise of spectral music and of the compositional model that lies at its base has been conditioned by a specific technoscientific context, at a crossroads between disciplines as diverse as physics, psychoacoustics, electronics, computer sciences and philosophy. The present thesis retraces some of its stages. While going back to the advent of modern science in the 17th century, it leads to a characterization of this aesthetic movement as an example of a non- Cartesian revolution in the sense that Bachelard gave the term in The New Scientific Spirit. At the same time, it considers previous musical advances and shows how spectral music has formed itself by ‘thematizing’ attempts from throughout the 20th century to systematize complex sounds as form-bearing elements.

The thesis deals with dynamic simulation of real bell behavior over time. The model is created according to principles of physical discretization as a spring in the FyDiK3D software. In order for the model to be declared as relevant, it is necessary to prove the behavior of the structures used in the elementary tasks of the mechanics. It shows the correlation between the stiffness of normal and diagonal springs. Describes how to use software import tools to create a model. The resulting model approaches its real bell behavior.

The thesis deals the design and calculation of handling equipment designed for transport of Bell helicopter between the airport and hangar space. The first part contains an analysis of possible mechanisms applicable to the handling of the helicopter as well as an overview of the overall evaluation of some producers, engaged in the manufacture of this type of device. The second part presents the design, necessary calculations and drawing documentation. Handling equipment is designed for loading kapacity of 2000kg with a minimum 80 mm lift of helicopter to ensure safe transportation to the required distance.

The Diploma thesis describes the design, manufacture and testing of a universal automation machine for church bells. The research section summarizes the bell, way of use and properties. The drives and their starting and power switching characteristic are analyzed. The chain drive based on the selected engine and the whole assembly is designed and tested by using PLC. Unique controller based on a modular design was designed. Sensors based on magnetic rotary encoder were also created for this unit. The entire circuit was tested on three evangelical church bells in the town Klobouky u Brna.

The submitted thesis is focused on the development, optimization, testing and practical application of the new microextraction method called Bell Shaped Extraction Device assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (BSED-LLME). The method is based on the application of a miniature bell-shaped extraction tool in which the extraction takes place, so that only minimal solvent losses can occur, and which allows a reproducible dosing and collection of a small volume of the extraction solvent. The BSED- LLME method was used to preconcentrate selected volatile and less volatile analytes from aqueous samples into organic solvents of a density lower than water. After the extraction, the analytes were determined by fast gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The statistical methods known as Design of Experiment (DOE) were used for determination of the optimal extraction conditions for BSED-LLME procedure. DOE is based on a mathematical description of the system and the prediction of the optimal setting of experimental parameters that may influence extraction efficiency. Factors such as extraction time, volume of extraction solvent, addition of sodium chloride (ionic strength), stirring rate and the diameter of the extraction vessel ect., have been tested....

Deux expériences d'Optique Atomique Quantique sont étudiées dans ce manuscrit : l'expérience Hong-Ou-Mandel atomique ainsi qu'une expérience préliminaire au test des inégalités de Bell sur la variable d'impulsion de deux atomes. Ces deux expériences permettent de révéler des comportements très particuliers de la matière. La première produit une interférence à deux particules et la seconde suggère l'intrication de deux atomes en impulsion. Ces deux aspects de la mécanique quantique sont non-intuitifs et surprenants. Pouvoir les réaliser avec quelques atomes dans des environnements contrôlés est nécessaire à la consolidation de nos connaissances des lois de la nature et tout particulièrement quand mécanique quantique et gravitation sont à l'oeuvre simultanément. / We report two Quantum Atom Optics experiments : the atomic Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment and preliminary results toward Bell's inequality test on momentum of two atoms. Both experiments reveal interesting behaviors of matter. The first one shows a 2-particle interference and the second one suggests entanglement momenta between two atoms. These aspects of quantum mechanics are really surprising and unintuitive. Realizing these experiments with a few atoms in a controlled environment are necessary to strengthen our understanding of the world, particularly when quantum mechanics and gravitation act simultaneously.

No description available.

Nomenclature for the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic strata along the south flank of the Uinta Mountains has been somewhat confusing because of the position of the study area between southern Wyoming, where one set of names is used, and central/southern Utah where a different set of formation names is used. The Nugget Sandstone or Glen Canyon Sandstone of the eastern Uinta Mountains overlies the Upper Triassic Popo Agie or Chinle Formation. The nature of the contact between these two formations is unclear both in stratigraphic location and conformability. The Chinle Formation consists, in ascending order, of the Gartra Member, the purple unit, the ocher unit, and the upper red unit. The overlying Nugget Sandstone consists of two members, the lower Bell Springs Member and the overlying unnamed cross-bedded member, typically believed to be Navajo Sandstone equivalent. These two units of the Nugget Sandstone are thought to represent the Glen Canyon Group of the Colorado Plateau, although no obvious Wingate or Kayenta Formation equivalents have been recognized. The Bell Springs Member contains abundant fine-grained, ripple-laminated sandstones, red and green mudstones, occasional mudcracks and salt casts, evidence of burrowing and exposure, and some medium- to coarse-grained sandstones with small-scale (30-40 cm high) cross-beds. This member was deposited in a marine tidal flat environment, quite different from the mainly eolian environment of the rest of the Nugget Sandstone. The Bell Springs Member appears to be entirely Upper Triassic, based upon dinosaur tracks, while the upper windblown unit's age is unknown, but probably straddles the Triassic-Jurassic boundary. During mapping in the Donkey Flat, Steinaker Reservoir, Dry Fork, and Lake Mountain quadrangles, the Bell Springs Member of the Nugget Sandstone was mapped as a separate unit.

More than one-third of the U.S. citizens (over 70 million people) and 16% of children are classified as obese and are at risk of many diseases including heart disease. Research indicates that 65% of Americans over the age of twenty years old are considered overweight. To address this public health issue, the U.S. Food & Drug Administration has proposed new nutritional guidelines for restaurant menus. Thus, the current study investigated the preferences of quick service restaurant (QSR) industry consumers with reference to the newly proposed U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations. This study includes development and redesigning of drive thru menus to comply with the FDA guidelines. A 3x2 factorial design experiment was conducted using real drive thru menus from three major national restaurant chains. The control group consisted of normal drive thru menus obtained from national restaurant chains, and the experimental group was comprised of two sets of pre-tested experimental menus complying with the FDA guidelines. The first set of experimental menus includes presentation of calorie information for all menu items offered. The second set of experimental menus includes color coded calorie specific menu categories (low, regular and high). A set of research hypotheses were developed and data was collected from heavy users of QSR units using Qualtrics software. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. The obtained results indicated that the QSR menus designed to comply with the FDA’s guidelines do not result in loss of revenues as commonly feared by the restaurant industry. But interestingly the second set of experiment menus with color coded nutritional categories (low, regular, high) have led to increased consumer patronage and consumers’ willingness to pay. In iv addition, color coded nutritional menus were preferred over FDA suggested menus designs. The results from the current study are of significant importance to the QSR industry as they strive to comply with the new nutrition guidelines of FDA for drive thru menus

Denna uppsats behandlar Svenska kyrkans identitet i lag (1998:1591) ur ett rättshistoriskt perspektiv. När lagen stiftades var det med det uttalade syftet att bevara Svenska kyrkans identitet genom den stundande relationsförändringen mellan stat och kyrka. Men vilken identitet var det som skulle bevaras? En exposé över hur Svenska kyrkans identitet har beskrivits och diskuterats, i såväl statliga som inomkyrkliga utredningar, lagförslag och beslut jämte doktrin, påvisar att det kan ha rått delade meningar, eller åtminstone oklarhet,i den frågan. En genomgång av vart och ett av de identitetsbegrepp som idag återfinns i lagenleder till slutsatsen att oavsett vilken identitet som avsikten var att bevara så blev utfallet ett specifikt: En alltigenom demokratisk folkkyrka vars organisation omöjliggör för kyrkan att uppställa garantier för att hon ska förbli evangelisk-luthersk. En jämförelse mellan hur Svenska kyrkans identitet beskrivits i tidigare lagstiftning och hur den idag regleras föranleder slutsatsen att lagen om Svenska kyrkan inte orsakat, men bidragit till,att Svenska kyrkans identitet har bevarats sådan som den var år 1995. Därtill påvisas att denna identitet, i åtminstone två avseenden, utgör en anomali i samfundets historia vilket kan anses utgöra skäl att ifrågasätta lagens syfte.