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Facetten des Körperbildes: Verlauf von negativen Emotionen und Arousal während einer Body Checking Episode und Unterschiede im Körperbild zwischen muslimischen, christlichen und atheistischen Frauen / Various aspects of body image: Time course of levels of negative emotions and arousal during a body-checking episode and differences in body image between Muslim women, Christian women, and atheist womenWilhelm, Leonie 18 December 2020 (has links)
Theoretischer Hintergrund: Laut epidemiologischen Studien entwickeln Frauen häufiger eine Körperbildstörung als Männer, daher ist es besonders relevant, die auslösenden und aufrechterhaltenden Faktoren dieser Störung an weiblichen Stichproben zu erforschen. Kognitiv-behaviorale Theorien zur Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von Körperbild-störungen nehmen an, dass das körperbezogene Kontrollverhalten (englisch: Body Checking), mediale Einflüsse und sportbezogene Einflüsse auf die Einstellungen bezüglich des eigenen Körpers einwirken. Allerdings sind zum einen viele der Annahmen der kognitiv-behavioralen Modelle bislang nicht hinlänglich belegt, zum Beispiel untersuchten nur wenige Studien den zeitlichen Verlauf von negativen Emotionen während einer Body Checking Episode. Die Erforschung der Wechselwirkung zwischen Body Checking und Emotionen ist von hoher Relevanz, da Body Checking als aufrechterhaltender Mechanismus für Essstörungen gilt. In den ersten beiden Studien der vorliegenden Dissertation wurde daher der Verlauf des Ausmaßes an negativen Emotionen und Arousal (Emotionsdimension: entspannt versus erregt) während des Checkings von gemochten versus nicht-gemochten Körperpartien erhoben.
Zum anderen bestehen die meisten Stichproben in Studien zu Zusammenhängen zwischen Körperbild und Religiosität mehrheitlich aus christlichen Teilnehmerinnen. Vor dem Hintergrund, dass die Anzahl von muslimischen Frauen weltweit zunimmt, scheint es relevant, in Studien zum Körperbild vermehrt muslimische Frauen miteinzubeziehen. Die dritte Studie erforschte daher Unterschiede im Körperbild von muslimischen, christlichen und atheistischen Frauen und untersuchte außerdem den postulierten negativen Einfluss von Schlankheit betonenden Medien auf das Körperbild. Darüber hinaus wurden in der vierten Studie das sportliche Engagement sowie sportbezogene Einflüsse auf das Körperbild von muslimischen, christlichen und atheistischen Frauen erforscht; das Augenmerk lag hierbei auf dem Streben nach einem definierten und muskulösen Körper. Methode: Die vorliegende Dissertation besteht aus vier separaten Studien und Stichproben. In Studie 1 wurde mithilfe eines web-basierten Designs das Ausmaß an negativen Emotionen und Arousal vor und während sowie unmittelbar und 15 Minuten nach einer Body Checking Episode erfasst. Hierbei wurde zwischen dem Checking von gemochten versus nicht-gemochten Körperpartien und zwischen normalgewichtigen Frauen mit hohen (n = 179) versus niedrigen (n = 176) Figur- und Gewichtssorgen unterschieden. Da Studie 2 eine Replikationsstudie von Studie 1 ist, wurde dort dieselbe Fragestellung an Frauen mit hohen (n = 63) versus niedrigen (n = 62) Figur- und Gewichtssorgen untersucht. Die Teilnehmerinnen waren jedoch nicht alle normalgewichtig. In Studie 3 wurde durch eine Online-Fragebogenbatterie zuerst das Trait-Körperbild von sich bedeckenden muslimischen (n = 67), christlichen (n = 90) und atheistischen Frauen (n = 74) erfasst. In einem separaten Laborexperiment wurden zunächst das State-Körperbild sowie die aktuelle Stimmung der Teilnehmerinnen erhoben. Danach wurden ihnen entweder Fotos von dünnen und attraktiven Models oder von Möbeln präsentiert. Abschließend erfolgte erneut eine Messung des State-Körperbildes und der aktuellen Emotionen. In Studie 4 wurden mithilfe eines „paper-and-pencil“-Fragebogens die sportliche Aktivität, körperliche Wertschätzung, das Selbstwertgefühl sowie das Streben nach einem definierten und muskulösen Körper von sich bedeckenden muslimischen (n = 70), sich nicht bedeckenden muslimischen (n = 50), christlichen (n = 79), und atheistischen (n = 68) Frauen ermittelt.
Ergebnisse: In Studie 1 zeigte sich, dass die negativen Emotionen 15 Minuten nach dem Body Checking von gemochten und nicht-gemochten Körperpartien geringer waren als vor dem Body Checking. Das Ausmaß an Arousal stieg in beiden Bedingungen zunächst an, nahm dann allerdings rapide ab und normalisierte sich wieder. Frauen mit hohen im Vergleich zu Frauen mit niedrigen Figur- und Gewichtssorgen berichteten zu allen vier Messpunkten ein stärkeres Arousal. In Studie 2 zeigte sich ebenfalls, dass das Level an Arousal in beiden Bedingungen kurz anstieg, sich jedoch anschließend normalisierte. Zudem wurden auch hier höhere Level an Arousal bei Frauen mit hohen im Vergleich zu Frauen mit niedrigen Figur- und Gewichtssorgen gefunden. Das Ausmaß negativer Emotionen war jedoch nur bei Frauen mit niedrigen Figur- und Gewichtssorgen 15 Minuten nach dem Body Checking von nicht-gemochten Körperpartien geringer als vor dem Body Checking. Gemäß den Ergebnissen von Studie 3 zeigten muslimische Frauen im Vergleich zu christlichen Frauen und atheistischen Frauen geringere Ausprägungen in der Internalisierung des Schlankheitsideals, des Schlankheitsdrucks sowie von aussehensbezogenen Vergleichen. Über die drei Gruppen hinweg verschlechterte sich das State-Körperbild nach der Exposition gegenüber den Models, während es in der Kontroll-Bedingung konstant blieb. Studie 4 ergab, dass muslimische Frauen im Vergleich zu christlichen Frauen und atheistischen Frauen weniger sportlich aktiv sind und ein geringeres Streben nach einem definierten Körper aufweisen. Sich bedeckende muslimische Frauen berichteten zudem eine höhere Wertschätzung des eigenen Körpers als christliche Frauen und atheistische Frauen. Hinsichtlich des Selbstwertgefühls sowie des Strebens nach Muskulosität fanden sich hingegen keine Gruppenunterschiede.
Diskussion: Die Ergebnisse der ersten beiden Studien bestätigten die in den kognitiv-behavioralen Theorien angenommenen divergierenden kognitiv-affektiven Prozesse bezüglich des Verlaufs negativer Emotionen und Arousal während des Body Checkings. Zudem unterscheiden sich die Effekte des Body Checkings auf negative Emotionen anscheinend in Abhängigkeit davon, ob gemochte oder nicht-gemochte Körperpartien gecheckt werden.
Die Ergebnisse der Studien zum Körperbild von muslimischen Frauen legen im Einklang mit bisherigen Befunden nahe, dass sich bedeckende muslimische Frauen ein positiveres Körperbild haben als sich nicht bedeckende muslimische Frauen, christliche Frauen und atheistische Frauen. Darüber hinaus verdeutlicht der Befund, dass muslimische Frauen ein geringeres Streben nach einem definierten Körper haben als christliche Frauen und atheistische Frauen, wie relevant die Bereiche Religiosität und kultureller Hintergrund für die Internalisierung von Körperidealen sind.
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Comparing to Perceived Perfection: An Examination of Two Potential Moderators of the Relationship between Naturally Occuring Social Comparisons to Peers and Media Images and Body DissatisfactionRidolfi, Danielle R. 07 October 2009 (has links)
No description available.
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Checagem do corpo em transtornos alimentares: relação entre comportamentos e cognições / Body checking and eating disorders : relationship between behaviors and cognitionsKachani, Adriana Trejger 12 March 2012 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes com transtornos alimentares (TAs) costumam checar o corpo repetidamente com atitudes tais como: pesar-se constantemente, estudar a si mesmo no espelho, experimentar roupas para avaliar se estão adequadas ou não, beliscar o corpo, comparar seu corpo com o de outras pessoas, entre outras práticas. Esses comportamentos podem prolongar-se por muito tempo, várias vezes ao dia. Por outro lado, alguns pacientes têm atitude oposta e evitam ao máximo checar seus corpos. Os referidos comportamentos estão associados ao constructo central da doença: superavaliação do corpo, do peso e da alimentação. OBJETIVOS: Comparar comportamentos de checagem corporal em pacientes com anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) e controles. MÉTODO: Aplicação de escalas padronizadas que avaliam checagem corporal, sintomas de AN e BN, imagem corporal, sintomas de depressão e transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo. A pesquisa foi realizada no Programa de Transtornos Alimentares (AMBULIM) do Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (IPq - HC-FMUSP) (grupo AN, n= 44 e grupo BN, n=41) e Ambulatório de Ginecologia do HC-FMUSP (grupo controle, n= 40). RESULTADOS: O grupo BN relatou checar mais o corpo (média = 57,83) do que os outros grupos (média AN = 46,05 e média controle = 22,80; p valor <0,001) e também evitar mais a checagem corporal do que os outros dois grupos (media AN= 1,91; média BN = 4,05; média controle = 0,80; p valor <0,001). O método mais comum para a checagem corporal foi a visualização no espelho, e a área corporal mais checada foi a barriga. Pacientes com AN indicam buscar, na checagem corporal, a verificação objetiva e o controle da dieta e ganho de peso, enquanto pacientes com BN indicam buscar segurança e garantia a respeito do corpo, além de antecipar as consequências de não checar. Já o grupo controle possui baixa motivação para se checar. A checagem corporal se relacionou com o peso desejado (þ = -340; p valor <0,001), com a restrição alimentar (þ = 0,501; p valor <0,001), com a gravidade de sintomas bulímicos no grupo BN (média = 67,08; p valor = 0,021), com a insatisfação corporal no grupo AN (média = 46,05; p valor = 0,001) e BN (média = 57,83; p valor = 0,022), com distorção da imagem corporal no grupo BN (média = 57,83; p valor = 0,030), com sintomas depressivos (þ = 0,509; p valor <0,001) e com alguns sintomas obsessivo-compulsivos, especialmente em pacientes com AN (média obsessões somáticas = 57,38; p valor = 0,004; média compulsão por rituais para comer = 58,33; p valor = 0,043). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados indicam existir diferenças nos comportamentos de checagem corporal e nas cognições relacionadas a esses comportamentos, nos três grupos estudados. O grupo BN relatou checar mais o corpo e também evitar mais a checagem corporal do que os outros dois grupos. O grupo que se preocupou menos com a checagem do corpo foi o grupo controle. As motivações para a checagem foram diferentes entre os grupos, sendo que o grupo controle teve baixa motivação para esse comportamento. / INTRODUCTION: Patients with eating disorders (ED) tend to repeatedly engage in body checking behaviors which includes constantly weighing themselves, looking in the mirror, trying on clothes to check for tightness, pinching body parts and comparing their own body to that of other people, among others. These behaviors may take a few seconds or carry on for several minutes many times a day. On the other hand, some other patients take an opposite attitude and completely avoid checking their body. These behaviors are associated with the core pathology of ED: overevaluation of body weight and eating. OBJECTIVES: To compare body checking behaviors in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and controls. METHODS: Standard scales for the assessment of body checking, anorexia and bulimia nervosa symptoms, body image, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms were used. The study was conducted at the Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM) of the Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine (IPq - HC - FMUSP) (AN group, n = 44; and BN group, n = 41) and at the Department of Gynecology, HC-FMUSP (control group, n = 40). RESULTS: The BN group reported more body checking (mean = 57.83) than all other groups (AN mean = 46.05; control mean = 22.80; p<0.001) as well as more body avoidance (AN mean = 1.91, BN mean = 4.05, control mean = 0.80; p<0.001). The most common body checking behavior was looking in the mirror, and the body part most frequently checked was the belly. Patients with AN seem to engage in body checking for objective verification and body and diet control while patients with BN engage in it for safety beliefs and reassurance of their own body. The control group showed low motivation to engage in body checking. Body checking was associated with the desired weight (þ = -340, p<0.001), dietary restriction (þ = 0.501, p<0.001), severity of bulimic symptoms in the BN group (mean = 67.08, p=0.021), body dissatisfaction in the AN (mean = 46.05, p = 0.001) and BN groups (mean = 57.83, p=0.022), body image distortion in the BN group (mean = 57.83, p=0.030), depressive symptoms (þ = 0.509, p<0.001) and some obsessive-compulsive symptoms, especially in patients with AN (mean somatic obsessions = 57.38, p=0.004, mean compulsive rituals eating = 58.33, p=0.043). CONCLUSIONS: Body checking behaviors and related cognitions were apparently different in the three groups studied. Patients with BN reported more body checking and body avoidance than patients with AN and controls. Controls engaged less in body checking. Motivations for engaging in body checking were different in all groups studied and controls showed low motivation to engage in body checking.
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Mixed Methods Analysis of Injury in Youth Ice Hockey: Putting Injury into ContextDavey, Matthew 28 April 2014 (has links)
This thesis will discuss the results of a two-year 90 game study to consider the role violence and aggression plays in competitive minor hockey and its role as a mechanism for injury. The second objective of this thesis was to determine the contextual factors that lead to injury on the ice. Using a mixed methods approach, the study followed three minor hockey teams from the Ottawa-Gatineau region over two sporting seasons. The study found that players are not being injured due to aggressive or violent play but rather players are being hurt within the rules of the game. The contextual factors that were shown to lead to injury included: (1) body-checking, (2) time of the game, (3) player’s body mass, (4) position played and (5) legal plays. Injuries were
also broken down by anatomical site (head/neck, upper body and lower body); the upper body
was affected by injury most.
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Checagem do corpo em transtornos alimentares: relação entre comportamentos e cognições / Body checking and eating disorders : relationship between behaviors and cognitionsAdriana Trejger Kachani 12 March 2012 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes com transtornos alimentares (TAs) costumam checar o corpo repetidamente com atitudes tais como: pesar-se constantemente, estudar a si mesmo no espelho, experimentar roupas para avaliar se estão adequadas ou não, beliscar o corpo, comparar seu corpo com o de outras pessoas, entre outras práticas. Esses comportamentos podem prolongar-se por muito tempo, várias vezes ao dia. Por outro lado, alguns pacientes têm atitude oposta e evitam ao máximo checar seus corpos. Os referidos comportamentos estão associados ao constructo central da doença: superavaliação do corpo, do peso e da alimentação. OBJETIVOS: Comparar comportamentos de checagem corporal em pacientes com anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) e controles. MÉTODO: Aplicação de escalas padronizadas que avaliam checagem corporal, sintomas de AN e BN, imagem corporal, sintomas de depressão e transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo. A pesquisa foi realizada no Programa de Transtornos Alimentares (AMBULIM) do Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (IPq - HC-FMUSP) (grupo AN, n= 44 e grupo BN, n=41) e Ambulatório de Ginecologia do HC-FMUSP (grupo controle, n= 40). RESULTADOS: O grupo BN relatou checar mais o corpo (média = 57,83) do que os outros grupos (média AN = 46,05 e média controle = 22,80; p valor <0,001) e também evitar mais a checagem corporal do que os outros dois grupos (media AN= 1,91; média BN = 4,05; média controle = 0,80; p valor <0,001). O método mais comum para a checagem corporal foi a visualização no espelho, e a área corporal mais checada foi a barriga. Pacientes com AN indicam buscar, na checagem corporal, a verificação objetiva e o controle da dieta e ganho de peso, enquanto pacientes com BN indicam buscar segurança e garantia a respeito do corpo, além de antecipar as consequências de não checar. Já o grupo controle possui baixa motivação para se checar. A checagem corporal se relacionou com o peso desejado (þ = -340; p valor <0,001), com a restrição alimentar (þ = 0,501; p valor <0,001), com a gravidade de sintomas bulímicos no grupo BN (média = 67,08; p valor = 0,021), com a insatisfação corporal no grupo AN (média = 46,05; p valor = 0,001) e BN (média = 57,83; p valor = 0,022), com distorção da imagem corporal no grupo BN (média = 57,83; p valor = 0,030), com sintomas depressivos (þ = 0,509; p valor <0,001) e com alguns sintomas obsessivo-compulsivos, especialmente em pacientes com AN (média obsessões somáticas = 57,38; p valor = 0,004; média compulsão por rituais para comer = 58,33; p valor = 0,043). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados indicam existir diferenças nos comportamentos de checagem corporal e nas cognições relacionadas a esses comportamentos, nos três grupos estudados. O grupo BN relatou checar mais o corpo e também evitar mais a checagem corporal do que os outros dois grupos. O grupo que se preocupou menos com a checagem do corpo foi o grupo controle. As motivações para a checagem foram diferentes entre os grupos, sendo que o grupo controle teve baixa motivação para esse comportamento. / INTRODUCTION: Patients with eating disorders (ED) tend to repeatedly engage in body checking behaviors which includes constantly weighing themselves, looking in the mirror, trying on clothes to check for tightness, pinching body parts and comparing their own body to that of other people, among others. These behaviors may take a few seconds or carry on for several minutes many times a day. On the other hand, some other patients take an opposite attitude and completely avoid checking their body. These behaviors are associated with the core pathology of ED: overevaluation of body weight and eating. OBJECTIVES: To compare body checking behaviors in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and controls. METHODS: Standard scales for the assessment of body checking, anorexia and bulimia nervosa symptoms, body image, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms were used. The study was conducted at the Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM) of the Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine (IPq - HC - FMUSP) (AN group, n = 44; and BN group, n = 41) and at the Department of Gynecology, HC-FMUSP (control group, n = 40). RESULTS: The BN group reported more body checking (mean = 57.83) than all other groups (AN mean = 46.05; control mean = 22.80; p<0.001) as well as more body avoidance (AN mean = 1.91, BN mean = 4.05, control mean = 0.80; p<0.001). The most common body checking behavior was looking in the mirror, and the body part most frequently checked was the belly. Patients with AN seem to engage in body checking for objective verification and body and diet control while patients with BN engage in it for safety beliefs and reassurance of their own body. The control group showed low motivation to engage in body checking. Body checking was associated with the desired weight (þ = -340, p<0.001), dietary restriction (þ = 0.501, p<0.001), severity of bulimic symptoms in the BN group (mean = 67.08, p=0.021), body dissatisfaction in the AN (mean = 46.05, p = 0.001) and BN groups (mean = 57.83, p=0.022), body image distortion in the BN group (mean = 57.83, p=0.030), depressive symptoms (þ = 0.509, p<0.001) and some obsessive-compulsive symptoms, especially in patients with AN (mean somatic obsessions = 57.38, p=0.004, mean compulsive rituals eating = 58.33, p=0.043). CONCLUSIONS: Body checking behaviors and related cognitions were apparently different in the three groups studied. Patients with BN reported more body checking and body avoidance than patients with AN and controls. Controls engaged less in body checking. Motivations for engaging in body checking were different in all groups studied and controls showed low motivation to engage in body checking.
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Mixed Methods Analysis of Injury in Youth Ice Hockey: Putting Injury into ContextDavey, Matthew January 2014 (has links)
This thesis will discuss the results of a two-year 90 game study to consider the role violence and aggression plays in competitive minor hockey and its role as a mechanism for injury. The second objective of this thesis was to determine the contextual factors that lead to injury on the ice. Using a mixed methods approach, the study followed three minor hockey teams from the Ottawa-Gatineau region over two sporting seasons. The study found that players are not being injured due to aggressive or violent play but rather players are being hurt within the rules of the game. The contextual factors that were shown to lead to injury included: (1) body-checking, (2) time of the game, (3) player’s body mass, (4) position played and (5) legal plays. Injuries were
also broken down by anatomical site (head/neck, upper body and lower body); the upper body
was affected by injury most.
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Imagem corporal e obesidade em universitários de Juiz de Fora-MGRio, Giselle Teixeira Mauler do 27 July 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-07-27 / Atualmente, vive-se uma epidemia da obesidade. Como o estereótipo de beleza caracteriza-se pelo corpo magro, ser obeso pode gerar uma imagem corporal negativa de si mesmo. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a imagem corporal e obesidade em estudantes de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior particular, em Juiz de Fora - MG. Este estudo se caracteriza como quantitativo e transversal. Para tanto, esta pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas: na primeira, foi realizada uma triagem inicial nos alunos da Instituição, a fim de determinar quais destes apresentavam obesidade; na segunda etapa, foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos nos indivíduos obesos: Escala de figuras de silhuetas, BSQ, BCQ, MBCQ, BDI e IPAQ, validados para a população adulta. Estes instrumentos avaliaram a imagem corporal atual e ideal, a insatisfação corporal, os comportamentos de checagem corporal em mulheres e homens, depressão e nível de atividade física, respectivamente. Também foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e antropométricos. Da primeira etapa deste estudo participaram 2376 alunos. Da segunda etapa, participaram 199 alunos classificados como obesos, a partir do IMC autorreferido coletado na primeira etapa. Verificaram-se elevados coeficientes de consistência interna dos questionários utilizados. De maneira geral, os resultados da primeira etapa deste estudo apontaram baixo percentual de alunos com obesidade. Já os resultados da segunda etapa apontaram confiabilidade nos dados autorreferidos de altura, embora exista uma tendência a subestimar a massa corporal em ambos os sexos. A caracterização da amostra mostrou elevado índice de obesidade entre as mulheres, consumo de álcool e refrigerantes. Além disso, foi notado alto percentual de obesos na família, realização de tratamentos para emagrecer, percepção do estado de saúde ruim, presença de dor e sedentarismo. Esses resultados mostraram hábitos pouco saudáveis nos indivíduos obesos. Foi verificada diferença estatisticamente significativa dos valores médios de imagem corporal, entre a percepção de imagem corporal atual e a ideal. Esses resultados mostraram existir insatisfação corporal em ambos os sexos. Tanto obesos satisfeitos como insatisfeitos apresentaram a mesma percepção da imagem corporal. O tamanho da diferença observada entre a imagem corporal atual e ideal foi de elevada magnitude. Observou-se forte correlação da insatisfação corporal com a depressão. Os obesos insatisfeitos com a imagem corporal apresentam elevado grau de depressão (p<0,001). Os resultados da presente pesquisa mostraram que os obesos insatisfeitos com a imagem corporal apresentam maior número de dores, maior tempo em atividades sentado, são os que menos realizam atividades físicas e apresentam maiores valores de checagem corporal. Já os resultados do instrumento IPAQ, correlacionaram-se negativamente com a insatisfação corporal. Quanto mais ativo o indivíduo, menos insatisfeito ele estará com a sua imagem corporal. Assim, os resultados do presente estudo evidenciam para a necessidade de orientação dos universitários obesos para um estilo de vida saudável e a oferta de programas de atividades físicas que visem à redução do excesso de peso e depressão. Sugere-se novas pesquisas que vinculem a imagem corporal, inatividade física e depressão à obesidade, no público em geral. / An obesity epidemic is currently noticed among society. Since the stereotype of beauty is characterized by having a thin body, being obese can lead to a negative body image regarding one’s own body. This study aims at evaluating body image and obesity among students of a private higher education institution, in the city of Juiz de Fora, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This is characterized as being a quantitative, cross-sectional study. Therefore, this study was divided into two stages: first, an initial screening was performed on the students of the institution in order to determine which of these were obese; in the second stage, the following instruments were applied to the obese individuals: Silhouette Scale Figures, BSQ, BCQ, MBCQ, BDI and IPAQ validated for the adult population. These instruments assessed both the current and the ideal body images, body dissatisfaction, body checking behaviors in women and men, depression and level of physical activity, respectively. Demographic and anthropometric data were also collected. A total of 2,376 students participated in the first stage of the study. As for the second stage, 199 students classified as being obese took part in the study, based on the self-reported BMI collected in the first stage. High internal consistency coefficients were noticed regarding the questionnaires used. Overall, the results of the first stage of this study show a low percentage of obese students. As for the second stage, results showed reliability in terms of the self-reported data for height, although a tendency to underestimate body mass in both genders was noticed. The characterization of the sample showed high rates of obesity among women, as well as high consumption of alcohol and soft drinks. In addition, a high percentage of obese individuals was noticed within the family, as well as treatments for weight loss, perception of poor health, pain and inactivity. These results showed unhealthy habits among the obese individuals. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean values when comparing the currently perceived and ideal body images. These results showed body dissatisfaction in both genders. Both satisfied and dissatisfied obese individuals had the same body image perception. High magnitude was noticed regarding the size of the difference between the current and the ideal body images. A strong correlation was shown between body dissatisfaction and depression. Obese individuals dissatisfied with their body images have a high degree of depression (p <0.001). The results of this study showed that obese individuals dissatisfied with their body images have more pain, spend more time performing sitting activities, present the lowest amount of physical activities and have the highest values for body checking behaviors. As for the results of the IPAQ instrument, a negative correlation was shown with body dissatisfaction. The more active the individual, the less dissatisfied they will be with their body image. Thus, the results of this study indicate the need for guiding obese students towards a healthy lifestyle, as well as providing them with physical activity programs aimed at reducing their overweight and depression. It also suggests further research binding body image, physical inactivity and depression caused by obesity among the individuals in general.
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