Bakgrund: Dysmorfofobi har uppmärksammats mer den senaste tiden, trots detta är området outforskat och okunskap hos sjuksköterskan kan leda till ohälsa hos dessa patienter. Dysmorfofobi kännetecknas av överdriven upptagenhet av utseendet där patienter som besväras av dysmorfofobi ofta söker kosmetisk kirurgi för att förbättra utseendet. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa hur hälsan påverkas hos patienter som lever med dysmorfofobi i samband med kosmetisk kirurgi. Metod: Studien utfördes som en litteraturstudie med induktiv ansats där åtta resultatartiklar med kvantitativ metod analyserades med stöd av innehållsanalys. Resultat: Två kategorier framkom ur analysen: avsaknad av hälsa i samband med kosmetisk kirurgi med en underkategori, samt resultat av kosmetisk kirurgi med två underkategorier. Patienter med dysmorfofoba symtom som söker kosmetisk kirurgi tenderade att uppleva avsaknad av hälsa, där vissa patienter upplevde förbättring av symtom och därmed hälsa postoperativt medan andra ej upplevde förbättring av symtom. Konklusion: Avsaknad av hälsa förekom hos patienter som sökte kosmetisk kirurgi som behandling och visades ha olika resultat beroende på vilken grad av dysmorfofoba symtom patienter visades besitta. Denna kunskap tillsammans med preoperativ screening av dysmorfofobi skulle kunna underlätta för sjuksköterskan att främja hälsan på bästa sätt för dessa patienter. / Background: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has received more attention lately. Despite this, the subject is unexplored and ignorance among nurses can lead to health problems in these patients. BDD is characterized by an excessive preoccupation with appearance where these patients often seek cosmetic surgery to correct the appearance. Purpose: To examine how health is affected in patients living with BDD in relation to cosmetic surgery. Method: An inductive approach was used in this literature study where eight articles with quantitative method was used and analyzed through content analyze. Results: Two categories emerged from the analyze: lack of health in relation to cosmetic surgery with one subcategory and outcomes of cosmetic surgery with two subcategories. Patients with BDD symptoms seeking cosmetic surgery tended to experience lack of health where some patients improved symptoms and thus health after surgery, while others did not experience improvement. Conclusion: Lack of health occurred in patients seeking cosmetic surgery as treatment and had different outcomes depending on the degree of BDD symptoms patients showed. This insight along with preoperative screening of BDD could make it easier for nurses to promote beneficial health of these patients.

Thesis title: Personality characteristics and sexuality of women before and after labiaplasty Thesis objectives: Determine the personality and sexology characteristics of women requesting labiaplasty plastic surgery, including examination of the risk of physical dysmorphic disorder in these women before and after they undergo the procedure. The main objective of the thesis is to determine the basic personality characteristics of female applicants, conduct screening for physical dysmorphic disorder, determine the characteristics of their sexual behaviour, identify potential differences in comparison with the general population and further examine whether labiaplasty itself leads to changes in their psychological characteristics, or possibly to improvement of their sexual experience or changes in their sexual behaviour. Thesis methodology: The research was carried out by a quantitative method of questioning, in the form of a questionnaire survey through standardised questionnaires arranged in a test battery. Personality characteristics were examined with the NEO-FFI personality clinical questionnaire, while a questionnaire relating to concerns about physical dysmorphic disorder, known abroad as DCQ, and a specially designed questionnaire for women requesting labiaplasty, known abroad as COPS-L, were...

Bakgrund Anorexia nervosa drabbar framför allt unga kvinnor i västerländska länder. Personer med AN har ett liv som kretsar kring mat, motion och viktnedgång. AN delas in i två sjukdomsbilder, AN med självrensning och AN utan självrensning. Sjukdomen kan leda till fysiska, psykiska och sociala konsekvenser. En störd kroppsuppfattning är ett av huvudsymptomen för sjukdomen och påverkar personens livskvalitet och självkänsla. Personen kan ha ögonblick med en realistisk kroppsuppfattning men den störda kroppsuppfattningen tar ofta över. Störd kroppsuppfattning förekommer även bland andra psykiatriska sjukdomar såsom dysmorfofobi. Syfte Att beskriva komplexiteten kring kroppsuppfattning vid Anorexia nervosa Metod En forskningsöversikt valdes som metod. Forskningsöversikten innefattade 17 vetenskapliga artiklar som granskades och sammanställdes. Artiklar togs fram genom sökningar i PubMed och PsycINFO samt manuella sökningar. Resultat Kroppsuppfattningen kunde vara störd taktilt, visuellt, subjektivt och objektivt. Kvinnor med AN överskattade sin kroppsstorlek, var missnöjda med sin kropp och önskade att de kunde vara smalare. Vissa kvinnor kunde erkänna sin undervikt medan andra förnekade undervikten. Kroppsuppfattningen varierade och en förändring kunde utlösas av exempelvis känslomässiga händelser. Cirka 39 procent av personerna med AN diagnostiserades även med dysmorfofobi, dessa personer visade sig ha en mer störd kroppsuppfattning. Kvinnor med AN-R hade en sämre insikt i kroppsuppfattningen och visade fler tecken på vanföreställningar. Det fanns ett signifikant samband mellan mödrars och döttrars kroppsuppfattning. Sexuella och fysiska övergrepp var överrepresenterat hos kvinnor med AN. De som blivit utsatta för fysiska övergrepp hade i större utsträckning störd kroppsuppfattning. Slutsats Resultatet av studien visade att kvinnor med AN överskattar sin kroppsstorlek, är missnöjda med sin kropp och önskar de kunde vara smalare. Kroppsuppfattningen kan variera under dagen och en förändring kan utlösas av måltider och känslomässiga händelser. En betydande del av kvinnor med AN uppfyller även de diagnostiska kriterierna för dysmorfofobi, vilket tyder på en samsjuklighet men är även en risk för eventuell feldiagnostisering. Det finns ett signifikant samband mellan kroppsuppfattning hos mödrar, deras döttrar och familjesituationen. Vidare forskning kan ha en klinisk betydelse för sjuksköterskans roll kring förebyggande arbete, upptäckt, stöd och behandling

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a mental disorder where the patient is preoccupied with a misperceived deficit in their appearance. It is a common disorder (~2% prevalence worldwide), leaving the patients significantly disabled and distressed. Comorbid disorders such as social phobia, depression, and anxiety disorders appear frequently. Previous neuroimaging studies have found heterogeneous abnormalities in brain regions involved in visual and emotional processing when comparing BDD patients to healthy controls. Some of these areas are involved in limbic structures. The emotional limbic system (involved in emotion recognition, reward, social behaviour, and decision-making) and the memory hippocampal limbic system (involved in episodic memory, information about objects, faces, and spatial locations) have been stated as two separate neural systems. The aim of this systematic review was to analyse the neural correlates of BDD focusing on structural changes in limbic structures, and further investigate whether the emotional limbic circuit exclusively is affected or solely higher influenced than the rest of the limbic structures. Abnormalities in information processing due to aberrant WM connectivity was found, as well as that volumetric alterations in GM and WM tracts correlate with clinical symptomatology. The relationship between visual and emotional processing system abnormalities and BDD severity suggests an involvement of the emotional limbic system in BDD.

No description available.

No description available.

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) share many similarities such as the presence of obsessions and compulsions, a similar age of onset and also similar activation of underlying structures within the brain related to obsessions and compulsion formation. The recently published DSM-V (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) has grouped the two conditions together in a chapter entitled Obsessive Compulsive -and related disorders, recognising the similarities in presentation. This appeared to echo the classification within the NICE guidelines for OCD and BDD (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2006) where the two conditions were grouped together on the presence of obsessions and compulsions, neurological evidence pointing to the activation of brain areas responsible for obsessive thoughts and compulsive acts alongside strong familial links. Both OCD and BDD were understood (from both sets of guidelines) to respond well to the use of Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors and the treatment use of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. This qualitative research study focuses on the gap in existing literature by studying the lived experience of individuals living with obsessions and compulsions. Much focus has historically remained on understanding the clinical symptomology and underlying constructs as related to living with obsessions and compulsions, through the use of questionnaires or brain imaging. With recent changes in the DSM-V (Statistical Manual for mental Disorders; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) recognising OCD and BDD as part of the same family of conditions, it appeared timely to focus on the individuals living with OCD or BDD and their sense and meaning making as informed by their experiences of obsessions and compulsions.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Katia Perez Ramos.pdf: 749029 bytes, checksum: 4936cc8552dcf26b27520a4fd7750c4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-11-23 / This research has as a general purpose of developing and validation na auxiliary scale of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) for healthcare professionals. Three samples of participants took part on it: Group 1: which comprises fifteen esthetic plastic surgery patients diagnosed as having BDD; Group 2: which includes fifteen esthetic plastic surgery patients diagnosed as not having BDD; Group 3: five professionals of psychiatry and psychology which stood as judges to evaluate the items of the scale. Initially, the items of the scale were generated from the study of 4 BDD evaluation questionaries which existed already, comtemplating the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-IV (1994) and of scientific assays on the BDD field. Fifty items were, then, built (1st version) which were evaluated by the authoress regarding relevance, objectivity, clearness and precision. From this analysis ten items were discarded, resulting in a 40-item scale (2st version). The relevance of the items to the construct by means of the theoretical analysis of judges. As a result from this analysis five more items were discarded for not obtaining an agreement of at least 80% among the judges (3sd version). The third version of the scale was applied on both groups (G1 and G2). The results from this aplication were submitted to the BDD construct study by means of factorial analysis. The discriminating validity was accomplised by the application of the 3sd scale version of the clinical population (G1) and of sample the non clinical population (G2). The estimate of the U Mann-Whitney Test showed that the scale is sensitive to distinguish the individuals diagnosed as having BDD from those diagnosed as not having the disorder. Besides, the instrument was applied once more twenty days later on both groups (G1 and G2), to submit the scale to the test-retest precision. Through the application of the Pearson Test one verified an expressive correlation between the first and the second application for group 1 as well as for group 2. As a result from these quantitative analyses no item was discarded for they showed to be relevant for the BDD measurement. It was, then, proposed a pilot version of the BDD diagnosis auxiliary instrument to be used by healthcare professionals. The current instrument consists of thirty five items measured by the four-point Likert scale. / A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo geral desenvolver e validar uma escala auxiliar de diagn?stico do Transtorno Dism?rfico Corporal (TDC) para profissionais da ?rea da sa?de. Para tanto contou com tr?s amostras de participantes: Grupo I: que englobou 15 pacientes de cirurgia pl?stica est?tica diagnosticados com TDC; Grupo 2: que incluiu 15 pacientes de cirurgia pl?stica est?tica sem o diagn?stico de TDC e; Grupo 3: 5 profissionais da ?rea de Psiquiatria e Psicologia que serviram como ju?zes para avaliar os itens da escala. Inicialmente os itens da escala foram gerados por meio do estudo de quatro question?rios de avalia??o do TDC j? existentes, contemplando os crit?rios diagn?sticos do DSM-IV (1994) e de trabalhos cient?ficos na ?rea do TDC. Construiu-se, ent?o, 50 itens (P Vers?o) os quais foram avaliados pela autora em rela??o a pertin?ncia, objetividade, clareza e precis?o. A partir desta an?lise foram descartados dez itens, o que resultou em uma escala de 40 itens (2a Vers?o). Analisou-se a pertin?ncia dos itens ao construto, por meio da an?lise te?rica de ju?zes. Como resultado desta an?lise mais cinco itens foram descartados por n?o obterem uma concord?ncia de no m?nimo 80% entre os ju?zes (3a Vers?o). A terceira vers?o da escala foi aplicada nos dois grupos (G1 e G2). Os resultados dessa aplica??o foram submetidos ao estudo do construto do TOC por meio da an?lise fatorial. A validade discriminativa foi realizada por meio da aplica??o da primeira vers?o da escala em uma amostra da popula??o cl?nica (G I) e uma amostra da popula??o n?o cl?nica (G2). O c?lculo da prova U de Mann-Whitney mostrou que a escala ? sens?vel para discriminar os indiv?duos diagnosticados com TDC dos indiv?duos sem o diagn?stico do transtorno. Al?m disso, o instrumento foi reaplicado ap?s 20 dias nos dois grupos (G1 e G2), para submeter a escala ? precis?o de teste-reteste. Atrav?s da aplica??o da correla??o de Pearson verificou-se uma alta correla??o entre a primeira e a segunda aplica??o tanto do Grupo 1 como do Grupo 2. Como resultado dessas an?lises quantitativas n?o foi descartado nenhum item pois os 35 mostraram ser significativos para a mensura??o do TDC. Foi proposta ent?o, uma vers?o piloto do instrumento auxiliar de diagn?stico do TDC para a utiliza??o por profissionais da ?rea da sa?de. O instrumento ficou composto por 35 itens medidos por escalas Likert de quatro pontos.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether picture presentation influenced men’s experienced body shame or Muscle Dysmorphia symptomatology, and whether there was a relationship between body shame and Muscle Dysmorphia. Participants were 112 men attending Western Kentucky University. Participants completed the Body Shame Questionnaire and Muscle Dysmorphia Inventory. Participants were randomly assigned to either view eight photographs of average men or eight photographs of muscular men. After viewing the photographs, the participants completed the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale and the Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale. Although there was a trend, results indicate that men who view photographs of muscular men do not experience more body shame than those who view photographs of average men. In the sample, 63.5% reported that they were dissatisfied with their bodies, 69% with their chest size, 69% with their own body build, 65% with their arms, and 63% were dissatisfied with their own abdomen. Results indicate that viewing photographs of muscular men does not increase one’s symptomatology of MD. However, there was a positive correlation between body shame and muscle dysmorphia symptoms for both men who viewed photographs of muscular men and those who viewed photographs of average men.

Thesis (M.S.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Psychology. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.