O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os elementos contraditórios - ou seja, tanto as características aristocráticas quanto as modernizantes - próprios do período de transição em que a sociedade francesa se encontrava na virada do século XVIII para o XIX, presentes nos escritos de Dominique-Vivant Denon (1747-1825), Directeur Général des Musées durante o Consulado e o Império. Buscaremos compreender como uma figura oriunda da nobreza provinciana francesa conseguiu se equilibrar no jogo de forças políticas que se desenrolou na França com o advento da Revolução e como se tornou uma personagem fundamental na constituição de um dos grandes projetos políticos e culturais do período: a reformulação do Museu do Louvre. Em uma perspectiva mais ampla, pretenderemos investigar, através da produção de Vivant Denon, o fenômeno de reapropriação e ressignificação de uma tradição cultural associada ao Antigo Regime na construção do Império Napoleônico. / The object of this research is to study the contradictory elements - both aristocratic features as the modernizing ones - in the transition period from the eighteenth century to the nineteenth, present in the writings of Dominique-Vivant Denon (1747-1825), Directeur Général des Musées during the Consulate and the Empire. We seek to understand how a figure derived from the French provincial nobility managed to balance the game of political forces that unfolded in France with the Revolution and how he became a fundamental character in the consolidation of a major cultural and political projects of the period: the reformulation of Louvre Museum. In a broader perspective, the present study seeks to understand and investigate, through the writings of Vivant Denon, the phenomenon of reinterpretation of a cultural tradition associated with the Old Regime in the construction of the Napoleonic Empire.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os elementos contraditórios - ou seja, tanto as características aristocráticas quanto as modernizantes - próprios do período de transição em que a sociedade francesa se encontrava na virada do século XVIII para o XIX, presentes nos escritos de Dominique-Vivant Denon (1747-1825), Directeur Général des Musées durante o Consulado e o Império. Buscaremos compreender como uma figura oriunda da nobreza provinciana francesa conseguiu se equilibrar no jogo de forças políticas que se desenrolou na França com o advento da Revolução e como se tornou uma personagem fundamental na constituição de um dos grandes projetos políticos e culturais do período: a reformulação do Museu do Louvre. Em uma perspectiva mais ampla, pretenderemos investigar, através da produção de Vivant Denon, o fenômeno de reapropriação e ressignificação de uma tradição cultural associada ao Antigo Regime na construção do Império Napoleônico. / The object of this research is to study the contradictory elements - both aristocratic features as the modernizing ones - in the transition period from the eighteenth century to the nineteenth, present in the writings of Dominique-Vivant Denon (1747-1825), Directeur Général des Musées during the Consulate and the Empire. We seek to understand how a figure derived from the French provincial nobility managed to balance the game of political forces that unfolded in France with the Revolution and how he became a fundamental character in the consolidation of a major cultural and political projects of the period: the reformulation of Louvre Museum. In a broader perspective, the present study seeks to understand and investigate, through the writings of Vivant Denon, the phenomenon of reinterpretation of a cultural tradition associated with the Old Regime in the construction of the Napoleonic Empire.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver uma análise comparada da representação de Napoleão Bonaparte por meio do estudo da obra de Lev Tolstói, Guerra e paz, e dos exemplares da Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro. Para tanto, foi realizado o mapeamento de tais escritos com a finalidade de identificar as referências à figura de Napoleão e o contexto em que estão inseridas. Desta maneira, foi possível identificar as aproximações e os afastamentos entre os dois tipos de representações de Napoleão e a dimensão do mito napoleônico no imaginário de russos e luso-brasileiros. / This work aims to develop a comparative analysis of Napoleon Bonaparte representation through the study of Lev Tolstoys work, War and Peace, and Gazeta do Rio de Janeiros issues. Therefore, the mapping of such writings was done in order to find references to Napoleons figure and the context in which they are inserted. Thus, it was possible to identify the approaches and departures between two types of Napoleons representations and the size of Napoleonic myth in the minds of Russians and Portuguese-Brazilians.

Cette thèse a pour titre la législation sociale du Second Empire. Depuis la dichotomie imposée par Ernest Lavisse, ce régime est traditionnellement divisé en deux périodes : une autoritaire et une libérale. Un tel changement de cap est généralement expliqué par la perte des soutiens traditionnels du régime. Tentant de séduire l'électorat ouvrier, le gouvernement aurait alors décidé de se lancer dans une législation sociale plus ambitieuse. Un tel schéma voit donc dans l'accélération des mesures sociales de la deuxième moitié du règne, une simple réponse circonstanciée à un contexte politique défavorable ; la législation sociale du Second Empire laissant dès lors peu de place à une cohérence d'ensemble. Il ressort de cette étude que Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte s’est, dès ses premiers écrits de jeunesse, penché sur la question sociale. Ses solutions en la matière tenant en deux principes essentiels : l’ordre et le progrès. En favorisant la prospérité et le développement économique, la stabilité était considérée par le futur Empereur comme le premier remède aux difficultés des classes laborieuses. L’ordre retrouvé, Napoléon III souhaitait ensuite l’adoption de mesures sociales plus ambitieuses.Ainsi, loin d’être guidée par des contraintes extérieures, la législation sociale du Second Empire s’inscrit en réalité dans une logique définie dès l’origine du régime, formant dès lors un ensemble cohérent. / This thesis is entitled social legislation of the Second Empire. Since the dichotomy imposed by Ernest Lavisse, the Second Empire is traditionally divided into two periods : an authoritarian and a liberal. Such a change of direction is usually explained by the loss of the traditional support of the regime. Trying to seduce the working electorate, the government then decided to launch into a more ambitious social legislation. Such a scheme considers the acceleration of the social measures of the second half of the reign as a simple detailed answer to an unfavorable political context; social legislation of the Second Empire leaves little to overall consistency.It is precisely such a presentation that this thesis wished to question. For that, it proposed to redraw the history of the social legislation of the regime, from its origins to the last projects of power interrupted by the Franco-Prussian War.Well, this study underlines that Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, from his earliest youthful writings, turned his attention to the social question. His solutions in this area are based on two essential principles : order and progress. By promoting prosperity and economic development, stability was considered by the future Emperor as the first remedy for the difficulties of the working classes. The order regained, Napoleon III then wanted the adoption of more ambitious social measures.Thus, far from being guided by external constraints, social legislation of the Second Empire is actually part of a logic defined from the origins of the regime, forming a coherent whole.

[Truncated abstract] The Northern Bonaparte Basin and adjacent Darwin Shelf form part of a major petroleum province on the northwestern margin of Australia. The middle to Late Cretaceous Bathurst Island Group consists of siliciclastic and pelagic carbonate strata that form the regional seal to underlying Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous reservoir sandstones. The Bathurst Island Group has previously been subdivided into four stratigraphic sequences or ‘play intervals’ bound by regional disconformities in the Valanginian (KV horizon), Lower Aptian (KA horizon), upper Lower Cenomanian (KC horizon), Middle Campanian (KSC horizon), and at the CretaceousPaleocene boundary (T horizon). Correlation of these sedimentary packages and stratigraphic surfaces requires high-resolution calcareous microfossil biostratigraphy, while palaeobathymetric determinations based on benthonic foraminiferal assemblages are important for determining the subsidence history of the area and relative sea-level changes. This study presents the first detailed stratigraphic distributions, taxonomic lists and illustrations of foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils from the Bathurst Island Group of the Northern Bonaparte Basin and Darwin Shelf. A biostratigraphic framework has been constructed for the study area incorporating ‘standard’ (Tethyan) Cretaceous planktonic foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil events where applicable, and integrating locally defined events where necessary. This framework allows Cretaceous strata to be correlated regionally across the study area and to the global chronostratigraphic scale. Correlation of the Northern Bonaparte Basin and Darwin Shelf strata to the Cretaceous Stages and international time scale is based on recent ties of nannofossil and foraminiferal events to macrofossil zones and palaeomagnetic polarity chrons at ratified and proposed Global Stratotype Sections and Points (GSSPs). Calcareous nannofossil events recorded in the study area that are critical for defining stage boundaries include the lowest occurrences of Prediscosphaera columnata, Micula decussata, Lithastrinus grillii, and Aspidolithus parcus parcus, and the highest occurrences of Helenea chiastia, Lithastrinus moratus, Aspidolithus parcus constrictus, and Eiffellithus eximius. Important planktonic foraminiferal events for correlation include the lowest occurrences of Rotalipora gr. globotruncanoides, and Dicarinella asymetrica, and the highest occurrences of Planomalina buxtorfi, Rotalipora cushmani, and Dicarinella asymetrica. During the middle to Late Cretaceous the Northern Bonaparte Basin and Darwin Shelf occupied mid-high palaeolatitudes between 35ºS to 45ºS. These palaeolatitudes are reflected in the transitional character of the planktonic microfossil assemblages, which combine elements of the low-latitude, warm-water Tethyan Province to the north and the cool-water high-latitude Austral Province to the south. ‘Standard’ Tethyan zonations are most applicable for uppermost AlbianMiddle Campanian strata because equator-to-pole temperature gradients were weakly developed, and global climate was warm and equable during this interval. These conditions resulted in broad latitudinal distributions for Tethyan marker species, and consequently most UC calcareous nannofossil zones and European-Mediterranean planktonic foraminiferal zones are recognised. In contrast, the EarlyLate Albian and the late Middle CampanianMaastrichtian were intervals of greater bioprovinciality and stronger palaeotemperature gradients. In these intervals application of the Tethyan zonations is more difficult, and a number of the Tethyan biostratigraphic markers are absent from the study area (e.g. Ticinella species in the Albian and Radotruncana calcarata in the Late Campanian). Cretaceous palaeobathymetric reconstruction of the study area is based on comparison of the foraminiferal assemblages with those of previous Cretaceous palaeobathymetric studies. Marginal marine assemblages consist solely of low diversity siliceous agglutinated foraminifera (e.g. Trochammina). Inner and middle neritic water depths (0-100 m) contain rare to common planktonic foraminifera (mainly globigerine forms), robertinids (e.g. Epistomina), siliceous agglutinates, lagenids, buliminids (e.g. Neobulimina), and rotaliids. The outer neritic zone (100-200 m water depth) contains abundant planktonic foraminifera (keeled and globigerine), calcareous agglutinates (e.g. Dorothia), and diverse lagenids, buliminids, and rotaliids. Upper-middle bathyal water depths (200-1000 m) are characterised by abundant planktonic foraminifera, common siliceous agglutinated taxa (e.g. Glomospira), rare to common Osangularia, and globular species of Gyroidinoides, Pullenia, and Paralabamina.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:07:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo1481_1.pdf: 2581088 bytes, checksum: 0d5d8e8d5d3c09e8b35567c93097beb0 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / A presente pesquisa, que possui cunho qualitativo, é um estudo de casos múltiplos que busca compreender o processo de formação das estratégias de duas organizações do setor de gastronomia do Recife. Os objetivos específicos do estudo são: a) descrever as estratégias adotadas pelas organizações investigadas; e b) entender como os líderes empreendedores têm moldado o processo de formação das estratégias das organizações. O arcabouço teórico que conduziu a investigação contempla diferentes conceitos, modelos e teorias do campo da administração estratégica. De forma mais específica, no capítulo de revisão de literatura, a autora discute sobre diferentes questões acerca da escola empreendedora de formação de estratégias e liderança. Os Grupos Bonaparte e Parraxaxá/Papacapim foram investigados sob uma perspectiva histórica. Assim, diferentes fases e alguns eventos importantes foram identificados ao longo da evolução de cada organização e descritos no capítulo de resultados. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com as pessoas envolvidas na administração estratégica das organizações. Essas entrevistas foram acrescidas de análise documental. Os achados do estudo apontaram que, nos processos de formação das estratégias, predominaram as estratégias emergentes e que a visão, as redes de relacionamento, as experiências anteriores e o conhecimento íntimo sobre o negócio, desenvolvidos pelos líderes, moldaram esses processos. Além disso, percebeu-se que os processos de formação das estratégias eram moldados por diferentes líderes, discordando do líder único apontado na revisão de literatura. Finalmente, concluiu-se que diferentes questões das organizações investigadas podem ser explicadas por meio da escola empreendedora de formação de estratégias

Este trabajo tiene como propósito analizar la novela El reino de este mundo de Alejo Carpentier (1949), centrándose en el personaje literario de Paulina Bonaparte. Nos preguntamos si Paulina Bonaparte representa la nueva élite de Europa y la fascinación de ciertos personajes de la población del Caribe por Europa en la novela El reino de este mundo. Con esta pregunta destacamos al personaje Paulina Bonaparte desde un punto de vista nuevo, que hasta ahora no ha sido enfocado de esta manera en los estudios literarios, por lo que sabemos. La hipótesis que se formula es que Paulina Bonaparte se representa como una sinécdoque de las nuevas élites europeas durante los primeros años del siglo XIX en el libro El reino de este mundo. Principalmente hemos utilizado extractos de la novela y de artículos académicos que apoyan nuestra hipótesis. También hemos estudiado la obra analítica Historia y utopía en Alejo Carpentier de Oscar Velayos Zurdo (1990). Podemos concluir que hay indicios que muestran que Paulina Bonaparte representa la nueva élite de Europa en la novela El reino de este mundo.

"We Have to Record the Downfall of Tyranny": The London Times Perspective on Napoleon Bonaparte's Invasion of Russia aims to illustrate how The London Times interpreted and reported on Napoleon's 1812 invasion of Russia. This thesis explains how England feared its grip on Europe was slipping away due to a French takeover of the continent. This work details the English struggle in order to provide a broader analysis through a newspaper of how nations indirectly involved in the Napoleonic wars understood the conflict.

Aspetto sinora poco conosciuto della politica religiosa promossa da Bonaparte, strettamente legato alle esigenze dettate dalla ricerca di consenso, l’introduzione del culto di San Napoleone costituisce un esempio significativo del tentativo compiuto dal regime francese di circondare la figura e il potere del sovrano di un alone sacralizzante. Il presente lavoro, condotto sulla base di un’abbondante ricerca d’archivio e attraverso l’analisi di molto materiale documentario sinora inedito, si propone di indagare in profondità la genesi e lo sviluppo di tale culto, ponendo l’accento sulle motivazioni che furono alla base della sua introduzione in età consolare, sulle strategie che furono adottate dal governo napoleonico ai fini della sua diffusione, nonché sulle reazioni che si verificarono presso gli ambienti della Curia romana a seguito dell’istituzione della festività religiosa ad esso legata. / The religious policy promoted by Bonaparte is a little known topic at the moment. Closely linked to the needs to find consensus, the introduction of the cult of St. Napoleon is a significant example of the attempt made by the French government to surround the figure and the ruler’s a sanctifying aura. This study, based on an extensive archival research and through a deep analysis of many unpublished documents, aims to investigate in depth the genesis and development of this cult, with an emphasis on the motivations that were at the base of its introduction in consular age, on strategies that were adopted by the Napoleonic government for its spread, as well as on the reactions that occurred in the the Roman Curia following imposition of religious festivities connected to it.

This thesis analyzes an anonymous portrait painting of the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II (r. 1808-1839), called by its descriptive title Seated Portrait of Mahmud II, within the context of the extensive portrait campaign commissioned by the sultan. Surviving examples from this series of diplomatic portraits share a unique set of intercultural iconographic vocabularies as a reflection of their time as well as implicit reinforcement of the sultan's political goals. By focusing on Seated Portrait of Mahmud II, I argue that a closer inspection of the campaign within a context that pays attention to Ottoman, European, and Persian visual practices reveals a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of its cross-cultural histories and visual as well as ideological references. Structured to reflect the tripartite composition of the artwork itself, this thesis addresses the style and iconographies of the background, middleground, and foreground, respectively. Following a focused examination of the sultan's portrait, I compare Seated Portrait of Mahmud II to two contemporary paintings: Napoléon Bonaparte as First Consul (1808) from France and Portrait of Qajar Ali Shah Seated on a Chair Throne (1807) from Qajar Iran. While bringing attention to the art-historical implications of a hitherto understudied, yet significant portrait of Mahmud II, my work reexamines the early-modern history of Ottoman art within the larger framework of cross-cultural encounters.