Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T23:15:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo5710_1.pdf: 14565279 bytes, checksum: 70e1c2feb1b884dff48e961fb43dbdc0 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta pesquisa analisa as histórias em quadrinhos da revista Ragú para entender a forma como se dá o percurso gerativo de sentido, ou as escolhas na construção do discurso, e a partir das estratégias discursivas empregadas, compreender as questões sociais que podem transparecer a partir das entrelinhas. Este estudo de caso se deu na revista Ragú por ser uma revista pernambucana com baixa inserção comercial, pois esta pesquisa visa compreender como o discurso das histórias em quadrinhos brasileiras recentes é construído. Para tanto, foi empregada primeiramente a semiótica como ferramenta metodológica, a partir dos conceitos de Greimas e José Luiz Fiorin, e o semisimbolismo, como proposto por Vicente Pietroforte. Ao desvendar como o sentido foi construído no recorte de oito estórias, empregamos fundamentalmente a teoria de Pierre Bourdieu e seus conceitos chaves de capital, campo e habitus para compreender quais embates sociais apareciam de forma sutil ou direta, e como esses embates eram representados. Elementos dos estudos culturais foram empregados para preencher lacunas na teoria de Bourdieu, e compreender a produção cultural nos tempos modernos não apenas como espaços de luta, mas como manifestação cultural espontânea das diferentes classes. O discurso das estórias foi observado como representando, por vezes, aspectos modernos de embates sociais históricos. Em outros momentos, temas e configurações discursivas que não aparentam representar lutas por capital. As histórias em quadrinhos aqui analisadas não são, em sua totalidade, um espaço onde ocorrem disputas ideológicas ou ao menos estas sejam representadas. Por vezes, ocorre uma manifestação cultural despreocupada de questões políticas, de embates ideológicos

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T23:15:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo9210_1.pdf: 2557643 bytes, checksum: d8e6742a1f336af3fb10ffdb994ccc40 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Inserida no campo de estudos sociológicos sobre o papel da instituição universitária na sociedade contemporânea, esta tese problematiza questões relativas à construção social de discursos sobre a universidade por parte de organismos e instituições internacionais e entidades nacionais no contexto de reforma da educação superior em curso no Brasil, tendo como unidade de análise quarenta propostas de reforma da educação superior, vinte e duas internacionais e dezoito nacionais. O processo de análise contempla os discursos em contenda, as temáticas colocadas na agenda de discussão sobre a reforma e seus protagonistas, considerados interlocutores autorizados e legítimos, partícipes do campo da educação superior brasileiro. A abordagem sociológica bourdieusiana constitui a referência teórico-metodológica principal, cujas noções e conceitos, como campo, posição, condições materiais e simbólicas são utilizados no estudo dos discursos dos interlocutores da reforma, análise complementada com a proposta teórica de Fairclough, o qual focaliza o discurso a partir da consideração de três momentos interdependentes: o discurso como texto, como prática discursiva e como prática social. A análise se volta para as temáticas colocadas na agenda de debate; a relação entre as temáticas e seus interlocutores; as concepções de educação superior, sobretudo, de universidade, defendidas por esses interlocutores; as orientações/recomendações indicadas para a reestruturação da universidade na sociedade brasileira e as posições, no campo em referência, equivalentes e divergentes quanto à matéria. A disputa pela definição da interpretação legítima de universidade depende do poder de mobilização dos interlocutores, avaliado, nesta tese, em termos do acolhimento ou não de suas propostas nas versões do anteprojeto de lei e no PL 7.200/2006 do MEC. São utilizadas, também, referências discursivas globais, representadas pelo BIRD, UNESCO, OMC e agentes e instituições do Processo de Bolonha nas estratégias de luta dos interlocutores nacionais, fundamentando suas posições sobre as concepções de universidade. Entretanto, não se pode afirmar, apenas, que existe uma reprodução de interpretações, advindas de campos exteriores ao brasileiro. Há, por outro lado, a presença de temas globais, os quais se impõem nas propostas de reforma dos interlocutores nacionais e de temas específicos, próprios do campo da educação superior brasileiro. Configura-se, pois, uma articulação entre discursos globais e locais nas diferentes propostas de reforma nacionais, no processo de luta em torno da concepção de universidade, onde, somente, algumas instituições detêm as condições materiais e simbólicas, necessárias à definição social legítima de instituição universitária

The present study is an interrogation of theories of culture and nation in the context of spectacular sports. It proposes a view of nationalism as discourses that articulate and produce nations through narrative acts. A wide array of concepts and tools are drawn from the work of Pierre Bourdieu and contrasted with methods and notions from discursive and semiotic analysis to interrogate a national-sports nexus in which sports are vehicles to embody nations, their matrices of thought and perception, and their dominant order of masculinity and heteronormativity in the national subject, so that this order appears natural and commonsensical. Particular attention is given to the case of South Africa’s participation in the 1998 World Cup, and the way the epic genre was employed to frame the event and produce a particular kind of national body. Spectacular sports events provide nations with opportunities to disseminate narratives that regulate desire and conjure a particular kind of national fantasy – what Bourdieu referred to as illusio – in subjects. This work makes a distinction between an epic body of nationalism, a body enmeshed in "the natural and authentic," and an excessive body. However, mediations of sports are never merely reflections of social events but themselves participate in producing these events as meaningful and anchor them as national. Furthermore, an actively interpreting subject is required for the production of meaning, and in this regard the thesis offers a critique of Bourdieu’s limited view on what it entails for a recipient of nationalist discourse to be active. The questions addressed by this study is twofold: how and what kind of national order of the body and desire is manufactured through spectacular sports events, and how are mediations of such events made meaningful in subjects? The open-ended character of signification means that beneath the level of nationalist anchorage of spectacular sports events other articulations are possible. Drawing on Bourdieu’s view of sports as forms of silent dressage, the thesis suggests that there is a potential excess of meaning that enables such events to become potential sites of subjective truth: as viewers realise the fantasmatic character of such mediations they may come to question the notion that spectacular sports are something more than just a game.

Based on qualitative interviews, this paper explores how classical children's concerts serve as a means of "social distinction" (Bourdieu) for upper class families. Firstly, the paper presents a description of Vienna's children's concert scene for classical music and elaborates on Bourdieu's cultural-sociological approach. Secondly, the interrelation between knowledge about music and the accumulation of cultural capital, which emphasizes an individual's position in social space (Bourdieu), is investigated. The empirical data show that only children whose parents possess relatively high amounts of cultural and economic capital attend children's concerts. By taking their children to those cultural events, parents not only aim to convey a certain "taste in music" to them. They also support the accumulation of cultural knowledge or capital, which serve as a means of social distinction that asserts the family's position in society. / Series: Schriftenreihe / Forschungsbereich Wirtschaft und Kultur

In this thesis project I explore economically disadvantaged young women's responses to notions of ideal and deviant femininity circulating within contemporary mass media. Specifically, I examine six young women's expressed accounts and critiques of particular forms of femininity in relation to their own experiences of social exclusion. Additionally, and drawing upon an experimental adaptation of Walter Benjamin's montage method, I assess the symbolic links between mass media representations of femininity and exclusion along classed and gendered lines. I use this adaptation of Benjamin's technique to historicize and contextualize dominant notions of ideal (deviant) femininity circulating in the contemporary moment and to engage in a "reflexive" (Bourdieu & Wacquant, 1992) analysis of my own entanglement with the norms and values which proliferate within mass media. The foundational thinking which directs my aims throughout this thesis explores the analytical possibilities of joining the complementary theoretical work of Hannah Arendt and Pierre Bourdieu within an interdisciplinary theoretical and methodological framework. / Education, Faculty of / Graduate

Den här uppsatsen fokuserar på smaken hos den svenska eliten genom att undersöka Nobelmenyer från 1901 till 2022. Syftet består i att genom Nobelbankettens menyer undersöka hur den svenska elitens smak har förändrats över tid. Undersökningen utgår från Bourdieus teorier kring smak, distinktioner och maktens fält. Tidigare forskning visar att forskningsfältet står inför ett skifte gällande smakbegreppet och vill hellre definiera smak som en acceptans och variation snarare än en avsmak som Bourdieu gör. Vidare visar forskningen att etablerandet av de moderna restaurangerna i Frankrike lade grunden för matsom en “offentlig” distinktion mellan samhällsklasser samt att den fina smaken för viss mat bidrar till att skapa och upprätthålla en distinktion. Denna distinktion skapas och upprätthålls av så kallade “tastemakers”. Metoden består i en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av Nobelmenyer, som analyseras både på franska och svenska. Resultatet visar att den svenska eliten har haft smak för det franska, både i språk och mat, vilket syns på rätternas namn samt innehåll.Vidare visar resultatet att eliten har haft smak för franska aristokratiska teman, vilka dock försvinner vid översättandet av menyerna. I modernare tid sker ett skifte och idag utgörs elitens smakpreferenser av svenskinfluerade teman, vilket även här kommer till uttryck i rätternas namn samt i råvarorna.

Denna studie gjordes för att belysa den problematik som kan uppstå inom föreningslivet i städer med en mångfasetterad befolkning . Malmö har under de senaste årtiondena utvecklats till vad som kallas en dual-city där klyfterna mellan de rika och de fattiga i staden blivit allt större. Frågeställningarna jag syftat till att besvara i denna uppsats är: Hur är fördelningen av samhällsklasser i Malmös olika stadsdelar? Finns det skillnader i hur stort idrottsutövandet är mellan samhällsklasserna? Finns det skillnader i idrottsutbudet mellan de olika stadsdelarna i Malmö? Dessa frågor har besvarats via ett sociologiskt perspektiv där teorier från Bourdieu har varit dominerande. Resultaten visar att på grund av de stora klyftorna mellan rika och fattiga i Malmös stadsdelar har Malmö idag ett uppdelat föreningsliv. Idrotter som traditionellt visat sig vara attraktiva för de i högre samhällsklasser har blivit lokaliserade i rika stadsdelar. Samma mönster finns för de idrotter som traditionellt visat sig vara attraktiva för de lägre samhällsklasserna som har kommit till att lokaliseras i mindre välställda stadsdelar. Resultaten visar även att föreningsidrottande är kopplat till inkomst och utbildningsnivå vilket innebär att deltagandet i föreningsidrotten i Malmö inte är lika för alla. / This study was made to highlight the problems that can occur in club sports in urban areas with a diverse population. Malmö has during the past decades evolved into what is called a dual-city where the gap between the rich and the poor in the city become increased. The research questions were: How is the distribution of social classes in Malmö? Are there differences in how sports activities are used between social classes? Are there differences in the supply of sport activities between the different districts in Malmö? These questions have been answered through a sociological perspective in which theories of Bourdieu has been dominant. The results show that because of the wide gaps between rich and poor neighborhoods in Malmö, Malmö today have a divided sports club environment. Sports that have traditionally proven to be attractive for those in higher social classes have been located in wealthy neighborhoods. The same pattern exists for the sports that have traditionally proven to be attractive for the lower classes that have come to be located in less prosperous neighborhoods. The results also show that the club sport is linked to income and education level, which means that participation in organized sport in Malmö is not the same for everyone.

Att knyta nya vänskapsrelationer som vuxen kan vara utmanande. Dels för att möjligheternaför sociala interaktioner förändras genom livet men även för att relationer mellan vuxnaställer högre krav. Nu har appar som Gofrendly trätt in i bilden som en potentiell lösning fördessa utmaningar. Gofrendly är appen för kvinnor som vill ha ut mer av sitt sociala liv ochträffa nya vänner. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka hur vänskapsappen Gofrendly kan användas för attskapa och främja kvinnliga relationer, för att skapa en förståelse för hur normer inom appenkan påverka hur användarna knyter nya vänskapsrelationer. Materialet har samlats in genomnetnografi som metod, där observationer på appen har genomförts samt intervjuer genomappens chattfunktion. Materialet har vidare analyserats genom posthumanistisk teori samtBourdieus teori om habitus. Begreppet rum har använts för att avgränsa appen och visa på hurGofrendly fungerar som en social arena som skiljer sig, men samtidigt samverkar medvärlden utanför. Genom den posthumanistiska teorin kan vi se på appens funktioner somspelregler som användarna måste förhålla sig till, och utifrån de spelreglerna har jag tittat påhur användarna orienterar sig i appen och därmed visar sitt habitus. Genom att studeraGofrendly som ett rum med egna spelregler samt titta på appen genom de valda teorierna, harjag sett hur användarna agerar utifrån de ramar som Gofrendly byggt upp. Det blir äventydligt hur användarna blir påverkade av appen på samma sätt som användarna påverkar den

I examined the extent to which Bourdieu's field theory applied to the fitness industry through analysis of magazine content and interviews with a variety of field participants. I found that the processes through which people come to understand and define fitness in different ways, and, at times, develop contradictory positions on the importance and benefits of fitness are in concert with Bourdieu's theory. I argue that in addition to the historical macro forces identified by other scholars as shaping the fitness industry, endogenous field dynamics propel the field in new directions. Four broad conceptions of fitness emerged: (1) fitness as health; (2) fitness as functionality; (3) fitness as obligation; and (4) fitness as appearance. Key findings include that fitness magazines' and experts' constructions of fitness relied on gendered biological understandings of the body that promote healthism. Fitness magazines' and experts' discourse equated fitness with gendered versions of personal responsibility, discipline, and moral character and often characterized fitness as a panacea. Magazines (re)produced gendered body ideals and perpetuated the gender binary. Women's magazines' incorporation of feminist empowerment discourse promoted individual-level empowerment while simultaneously perpetuating gender inequality. I identified a few alternative perspectives on fitness that critiqued the mainstream focus on fitness as a weight loss strategy and drew attention to social inequalities that result from idealizing particular body forms. I identified competition within the fitness field among various actors striving to establish legitimacy and secure resources such as social and economic capital. Competition occurred at three levels: the macro (field) level in which the fitness field competed with and against other fields, the mezzo (organizations) level in which institutions competed with each other, and the micro level in which individual experts and practitioners contended for recognition. Magazines and respondents identified various types of "fitness experts" whom I classified into five categories: producing, disseminating, practicing, alternative, and exemplary. I identified seven strategies used by fitness experts to claim expertise and establish legitimacy within the fitness field. These included: (1) social capital; (2) credentialing; (3) name-dropping; (4) using science and referring to scientific research studies; (5) referencing commercial success; (6) referencing personal fitness goal success; and (7) discrediting others. These strategies represent the logic of the fitness field and the struggle to establish associated forms of capital, such as social capital and bodily capital. I observed that because fitness is a commercial field--the industry generates billions of dollars in economic activity annually-- many of these forms of capital can be converted into economic capital. Thus, an appreciation of the economics of fitness provides an important perspective on the competition within the field. I found differences in the fitness habitus among the variety of players and agendas in the fitness field. In other words, people came to fitness with different assumptions about what was "natural" and "desirable"--and indeed, even different definitions of fitness itself. Respondents in the study held different beliefs about how bodies work, the extent to which they can change, the desirability of certain physical forms, whether or not the pursuit of fitness is a morally superior activity, and whether that pursuit is obligatory work or enjoyable leisure. I compared how various experiences and social factors produced differing definitions of fitness and hypothesized that variations in habitus are associated with different desired changes to the fitness industry. As the fitness industry continues to grow, and as public programs increasingly turn to exercise as part of the solution to the "obesity epidemic," more research is needed to understand what messages are available to the public about fitness and which are most important in shaping public perception and debate. Continued attention to how fitness is influenced by and contributes to gendered body ideals is warranted. This project highlights the socially constructed nature of fitness and identifies what factors influence how fitness is understood. / Sociology

Yes / Purpose: Sustainability is viewed as an encompassing perspective, as endorsed by the international policy context, driven by the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We aim to examine how women entrepreneurs transform capitals to pursue sustainability, and to generate policy insights for sustainability actions through tourism entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach: Applying qualitative approach, we have generated empirical evidence drawing on 37 qualitative interviews carried out in Turkey, whereby boundaries between traditional patriarchal forces and progressive movements in gender relations are blurred. Findings: We have generated insights into how women entrepreneurs develop their sustainability practice by transforming their available economic, cultural, social and symbolic capitals in interpreting the macro-field and by developing navigation strategies to pursue sustainability. This transformative process demonstrates how gender roles were performed and negotiated in serving for sustainability pillars. Research limitations/implications: In this paper, we demonstrate the nature and instrumentality of sustainable tourism entrepreneurship through a gender lens in addressing some of these SDG-driven challenges. Originality/value: We advance the scholarly and policy debates by bringing gender issues to the forefront, discussing sustainable tourism initiatives from the viewpoint of entrepreneurs and various members of local community and stakeholder in a developing country context where women’s solidarity becomes crucial. / This study is supported by the British Council Newton Institutional Links fund (ID number: 216411249).